Soft dosage forms. Ointment recipe. Discharge rules, theory, examples in Latin Analogues of Zinc ointment

In this article, you will learn what an ointment is, its main types, how to correctly write out a prescription for an ointment in Latin, depending on its type. At the end you will find tests and exercises to consolidate the material. You can read the general rules for issuing a prescription in Latin. Look for extract examples in this article and in our large table -.

Ointment (Unguentum) is a type of medicine, refers to liquid dosage forms. Ointments consist of two parts: the basis (basis) - that is, the medicinal substance, it should be no more than 25% of the entire ointment, and the constitution (constituens), that is, the substances that give the ointment its shape. The constitution is also called the “ointment base”. Ointments are simple and complex. Simple ointments are those ointments in which the constitution and basis contain one substance each (that is, only two substances are part of the ointment), and in complex several substances (more than two). The method of application of ointments is external. Most often, ointments do not have any dosage and are prescribed only in a certain amount. However, in the prescription of a resorptive ointment, the dosage must be indicated. If the ointment is produced in a different percentage, then it must be indicated.

Now many types of ointment are in the pharmacy in finished form. The ointment prescription in this case is written out in an abbreviated form and does not require indications of the dosage and composition. We start the recipe, after Rp. (Recipe - take) from the word Unguenti (can be abbreviated - Ung.) - this is the word "ointment" in the genitive case, singular in Latin (literally: take ointments). Next, we indicate the name of the ointment, for which we fill out the recipe, we write with a capital letter, we take it in quotation marks. After that, we reflect the amount of ointment in grams (up to tenths), fill in sections D. (Da - give out) and S. (Signa - designate). Let's take a closer look at the extract of the ointment recipe using an example.

Let's say we need to write out a ready-made ointment acyclovir 100 g.

In Latin, acyclovir will be - Acyclovir. Acyclovir in the ointment contains 5%, however, we will not indicate the percentage of the active substance and the ointment base, since this ointment exists in finished form and there is no other percentage. Let's start solving the problem.

Rp. : Unguenti "Acyclovir" 100.0
D.S. Apply to affected areas 3 times a day.

Now we have written out a prescription for an ointment with the commercial name “Acyclovir”. Let's now look at how to write out a prescription for an ointment that does not have a commercial name.

Simple ointment recipe

An ointment of a simple type consists of only two substances - the basis and the constitution, as mentioned above. The ointment prescription, if the constitution is petroleum jelly, is written out in an abbreviated form. If the ointment base is different (not Vaseline), it is necessary to write the recipe for the ointment in expanded form.

Abbreviated prescription form

The ointment prescription, if the constitution is petroleum jelly, is written out in an abbreviated form. After Rp (Recipe - take) we indicate the dosage form, in the genitive singular in Latin - in our case it is Unguenti (you can abbreviate - Ung.). Next, we indicate the name of the basis - the active substance, also in the genitive case with a capital letter and indicate its percentage in percent, grams or units (action units), then through the dash we indicate the total weight of the ointment. Then we fill in D. (Da - issue) and S. (Signa - designate).

• Rp.: Unguenti Resorcini 2.0 - 20.0
  
• Rp.: Unguenti Furacilini 0.2% - 30.0
  
• Rp.: Unguenti Erythromycini 100,000 IU - 10.0
  
• Rp.: Unguenti Calcii pantotenas 10% - 50.0
  D.S. Lubricate the affected areas of the skin.
• Rp.: Unguenti Aethazoli 5% - 5.0
  D.S. Lay behind the lower eyelid at night.

There are also types of ointments that are official and are ready-made in a pharmacy, but do not have a commercial name. In this case, the ointment prescription must be written in an abbreviated form, without indicating the concentration, since the concentration is indicated in the pharmacopoeia and this ointment does not exist in another concentration. It is necessary to indicate the active substance, the weight of the ointment and fill in D. and S..

Rp.: Unguenti Zinci 20.0
D.S. Apply to the affected areas of the skin.

Extended prescription form

If the ointment base is different (not petroleum jelly), it is necessary to write out a prescription for the ointment in expanded form. After Recipe, we indicate the name of the active substance, since we write out a recipe for a simple ointment, then it will be one. Next, you need to specify its quantity. Further in the same Recipe, from a new line, we write the constitution (ointment base) in the genitive case, with a capital letter and indicate its amount in grams to the total weight of the ointment (we indicate the Latin word ad - to). Next, on a new line, we write Misce fiat Unguentum (abbreviated as M.f. unguentum - mix to make an ointment). Then, as usual, fill in Da and signature (Signa).

Rp.: Neomycini sulfatis O.5
Lanolini ad 50.0
M.f. unguentum
D.S. Lubricate the affected areas of the skin.

Complex ointment recipe

As mentioned above, ointments of complex composition consist of several substances (more than two). It can be several active ingredients or several ointment bases. The recipe for a complex type of ointment is written out in expanded form, similar to the recipe for simple type ointments.

Rp.: Methyluracili 2.5
Furacilini 0.1
Vaseline ad 50.0
M.f. unguentum
D.S. To lubricate the affected areas of the skin.

Recipes for fixing

Write down in the comments recipes for ointments for the following drugs, I will check and answer all your questions. Write out:

1. Acyclovir ointment recipe - Acyclovir 50 grams. For lubrication of affected areas.
2. Recipe for ointment ointment on vaseline 40 grams containing 3.0 ichthyol (Ichthyolum). To lubricate the affected areas of the skin.

Active ingredient ›› Zinc oxide (Zinc oxide) Latin name Unguentum Zinci ATX: ›› D02AB Zinc preparations Pharmacological groups: Dermatotropic agents ›› Antiseptics and disinfectants Composition and form of release Zinc oxide 1 h ... Medicine Dictionary

Zinc ointment

OINTMENT- OINTMENT, ointment, wives. 1. A thick mixture of fats with medicinal substances, which is used to rub into the skin or lubricate it. Zinc ointment. Sulfuric ointment. "Ointments and drops will not help here." Chekhov. 2. A thick substance for lubricating something. Wheel ointment. ... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

Ointment zinc- See also: Zinc oxide (substance) Zinc oxide is a drug that has anti-inflammatory, drying, adsorbing, astringent and antiseptic effects. The main active ingredient is zinc oxide ZnO. Contents 1 International ... ... Wikipedia

zinc paste- See also: Zinc oxide (substance) Zinc oxide is a drug that has anti-inflammatory, drying, adsorbing, astringent and antiseptic effects. The main active ingredient is zinc oxide ZnO. Contents 1 International ... ... Wikipedia

ointment- and; and. see also ointment 1) A thick mixture of fats with medicinal substances for rubbing into the skin, lubricating it. Zinc ointment. Bactericidal ointment. Anti-corn ointment. 2) A thick, greasy substance for lubricating something. Wheel ointment… Dictionary of many expressions

ointment- and, well. 1. A thick mixture of fats with medicinal substances for rubbing into the skin, lubricating it. Zinc ointment. 2. A thick fatty substance for lubricating what l. Tallow. Shoe ointment. ◊ on the ointment (what) is simple. in a favorable position. Well … Small Academic Dictionary

ZINC OINTMENT- Unguentum zinci. Compound. Zinc oxide 1 part, vaseline 9 parts. Release form. Issued by banks. Store in a cool place. Action and application. It has an adsorbing, astringent, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effect. Effective pr… Domestic veterinary drugs

OINTMENT- OINTMENT, and, wives. 1. An external medicine is a soft mixture of fats with medicinal substances. Zinc m. 2. A thick substance for lubricating something. M. for shoes. Ski m. On ointment (simple) in a favorable position. Matter of ointment. | adj. ointment, oh, oh (special). ... ... Explanatory dictionary of Ozhegov

ointment- and; and. 1. A thick mixture of fats with medicinal substances for rubbing into the skin, lubricating it. Zinc m. Bactericidal m. Anti-corn m. Wheel m. Shoe m. Razg. O… … encyclopedic Dictionary

Zinc oxide (pharmacology)- See also: Zinc oxide (substance) Zinc oxide (pharmacology) (Zinc oxide) Chemical compound IUPAC zinc oxide Gross formula ZnO ... Wikipedia

The combined drug "Levomekol" contains chloramphenicol, which performs the function of an antibiotic with a wide spectrum of action. This substance, when taken orally, exhibits high toxicity, therefore it is included in the composition of medicines for external use. The second component is methyluracil, designed to improve tissue trophism and skin regeneration.

"Levomekol" is famous for its antibacterial property, which allows you to destroy most pathogenic microorganisms, preventing them from subsequent reproduction. Levomekol ointment helps to speed up the healing process, stimulate local immunity, rapid healing and regeneration of damaged tissues.

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Indications and contraindications

For the treatment of purulent wounds, Levomekol is used.

Levomekol is prescribed for the treatment of purulent wounds, trophic ulcers, boils and purulent-inflammatory skin diseases. The described ointment is used as part of complex treatment for lichen, burns of the 2nd-3rd degree. A limitation to the use is hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as the period of bearing a child.

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The effectiveness of "Levomekol" with lichen

Lichen is accompanied by severe itching, and patients involuntarily begin to comb the lichen spot, creating scratches and wounds on it. In this case, Levomekol ointment will help to quickly restore the integrity of the skin, which, in addition, will prevent infection and re-infection.

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Instructions for use

Apply "Levomekol" for the treatment of lichen should be after prior consultation with the attending physician and passed the diagnostic examination. Usually the scheme of using the medication is as follows:

1. Prepare a sterile napkin.
2. Squeeze medicine from a pea-sized tube.
3. Rub over the lichen spot and fix with a bandage or plaster.
4. Change bandages every day.

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Side effects

Before applying the ointment, you need to test for sensitivity.

Levomekol ointment is well tolerated and rarely causes adverse events. Patients noted manifestations of allergic reactions in the form of rashes on the skin. To prevent the development of side symptoms, before using the medication, a sensitivity test should be performed by applying a small amount of ointment to the wrist area. If no reaction followed, you can start using the medication without fear for health.

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Drug analogues

If it is not possible to use the pharmaceutical drug "Levomekol" as an adjuvant for the treatment of lichen, doctors prescribe its analogue. The ointment can be replaced by drugs such as Levomethyl, Levovinizole, Chloramphenicol. It should be understood that each drug, which is an analogue of Levomekol, has its own scheme and application features. Therefore, only a specialized physician should be engaged in the selection of an analogue medication, based on the diagnosis and the degree of damage to the skin.

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Terms of sale and storage

You can buy medicine in every pharmacy and this does not require a doctor's prescription. At the time of use and after, store the ointment out of the reach of children, in a room protected from light, where the temperature does not exceed 20 degrees Celsius. With proper storage of the drug "Levomekol", the shelf life will be 3.5 years.

The composition of the zinc ointment from the fungus and analogues

Zinc ointment for foot fungus and other skin areas is considered the most ancient and most effective method of treatment. To buy the product, you do not need a doctor's prescription, or even his consultation, because the drug is completely safe and can be used, even by women during pregnancy and lactation. The ointment is often used in the treatment of young children, because the drug is well absorbed by the skin and absorbed only in the affected areas, it does not affect healthy skin.

Composition and pharmacological action

Zinc ointment from the fungus consists of such an active substance as zinc oxide, paraffin or petroleum jelly acts as an auxiliary substance. Pharmaceutical companies offer the drug in the form of limenent and paste. The drug is produced in glass jars with a tightly closed nylon lid and in metal tubes of 30 g each. The principle of action of the drug is the same, only the amount of the active ingredient and the consistency of the drug differ. The paste has a thick structure, is used in the last stage of the fungus, and the limenent is in liquid form and can be used for compresses in the early stages, when exudate is separated from ulcers and wounds.

Zinc ointment from nail and skin fungus has an anti-inflammatory, antiseptic and drying effect. The active component of the ointment creates conditions unsuitable for the reproduction and further spread of fungi, respectively, the cells of yeast and dermatophytes die. Ointment for fungus creates a kind of film on the surface of the skin, which prevents environmental factors from adversely affecting the area of ​​​​inflammation. When used correctly, Zinc Ointment reduces the amount of exudate, relieves itching, burning, redness in the area of ​​infection, and leads to granulation of the wound.

Indications and methods of use

Zinc-based ointment, like any medication, has a list of indications for use. You can use the ointment for foot fungus, candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes, for mycoses, onchiomycosis, as well as extensive lesions of a yeast infection. The list of indications for the use of this medication also includes:

• dermatitis caused by a fungus;
• multi-colored lichen;
• ulcers;
• superficial wounds;
• bedsores;
• simple herpes;
• streptoderma.

Treatment of the skin with fungal ointments is indicated after surgical interventions, as well as in the period of preparation for surgical treatment.

It should be noted that the ointment from the fungus on the legs, arms and other areas of the skin will give an effect only at the initial stage, if used as the main treatment. In the case of extensive skin lesions with a fungal infection, it is necessary to use a more powerful antifungal drug with a fungicidal effect.

Zinc ointment against fungus can be used at any age and in any condition, it has no contraindications, since even with prolonged use it does not cause side effects and is not addictive. The only warning to the cream is personal intolerance to zinc, which may be in the patient. If you are not a hypersensitive person and not allergic, then applying Zinc ointment from skin fungus and nail damage will only have a positive effect.

How to use

The drug is prescribed for external use, it is strictly forbidden to use it for the treatment of fungus of the mucous membranes of the eyes. The medication is applied to previously cleansed skin treated with an antiseptic. Zinc ointment has a white color with a yellow tint, and can leave marks on linen and clothes. After applying the product, wait until it dries completely and blot the excess with a tissue.

It is very important to apply alcohol-containing preparations to the skin before making a compress or applying Zinc ointment, because, as mentioned above, the medication is not able to withstand extensive fungal infections. Antiseptics will reduce the amount of pathogen on the skin, and the remaining amount will eliminate zinc oxide.

The ointment is applied evenly over the area of ​​​​inflammation three times in essence. In the early stages, you can do compresses at night. The drug is applied to a cotton fabric in a thick layer and tied to the fungal focus of inflammation. Remove the bandage only in the morning. The duration of treatment is usually 2 weeks, but the patient may, at his discretion, stop therapy or prolong it, since there is no negative effect on the skin. As a preventive measure, Zinc ointment is recommended to be applied to areas of the skin that are constantly exposed to rubbing and getting wet.

Analogues of Zinc ointment

Like any requested anti-inflammatory and antiseptic medication, Zinc ointment has a number of analogues. Among them, the best performers were:

• Valiskin;
• Neo Anuzol;
• Desitin;
• Sudocrem;
• Tsindol.

The above drugs have a similar composition, but differ in the principle of action and a number of contraindications. Please read the instructions before using them. It is possible to store analogues, and Zinc paste, for 3 years, after the expiration date, the application of the medication is unacceptable. From a remedy without contraindications, the ointment will turn into a dangerous substance, which can provoke severe allergies.

Fungal skin lesions can significantly damage a person's nerves if they appear in visible areas of the body. A feature of diseases of fungal etiology is that they can develop into a chronic form if they are not treated in a timely manner. An exacerbation of the infection will occur at the slightest malfunction of the immune system and exposure to adverse environmental factors. As a result, a person will have to constantly put up with swollen and inflamed skin, as well as aesthetically unpleasant peeling of different localization. You should not start the fungus, because it can be eliminated by applying Zinc ointment, which is very cheap and is sold in every pharmacy.

Soft dosage forms include ointments, creams, gels, liniments, pastes, suppositories, patches.

Ointments

Ointment (unguentum, Ung.)- a soft dosage form intended for application to the skin, wounds and mucous membranes and consisting of a base and medicinal substances evenly distributed in it.

According to the type of dispersed systems, ointments are divided into homogeneous (alloys, solutions), suspension, emulsion and combined. Depending on the consistency properties, ointments are divided into ointments proper, creams, gels, liniments, and pastes.

Gels- ointments of a viscous consistency, capable of retaining their shape and having elasticity and plasticity. According to the type of dispersed systems, hydrophilic and hydrophobic gels are distinguished.

Creams- ointments of soft consistency, which are oil-in-water or water-in-oil emulsions.

Liniments- ointments in the form of a viscous liquid.

Pastes- ointments of dense consistency, the content of powdered substances in which exceeds 25%.

Traditionally, Vaseline is usually used as ointment bases. (Vaselinum) is a product of oil refining. Vaseline is almost not absorbed from the skin surface, so it is used to prepare ointments that act on the skin surface.

Waxes are also used as a base. Lanolin ( Lanolinum) is a product of the sebaceous glands of sheep skin. Lanolin can be aqueous ( hydricum) and anhydrous ( anhydricum). It easily penetrates the skin and is well preserved. They also use beeswax and spermaceti. Beeswax is a thickener for ointments, creams. Spermaceti is a waxy substance obtained by cooling liquid animal fat (spermaceti oil) of sperm whales, as well as some other cetaceans. Animal fats are also used, such as pork fat. (Adeps suillus depuratus). Pork fat is well absorbed through the skin. It deteriorates quickly, so ointments prepared on this basis are unsuitable for long-term storage. Other Bases - Vaseline Oil (Oleum Vasellini) hard paraffin (Paraffin durum), fat-like substances and synthetic substances.

According to the method of application, ointments can be for external use, nasal, rectal.

A simple ointment consists of one medicinal and one formative substance.

Recipe example 31. Write out 30.0 g of official zinc ointment. Assign for application to the affected areas of the skin.

Comment. Usually the ointment is produced in tubes. The recipe indicates the total amount of ointment in the tube. After the word "give" (D.) there is no need to write that you need to give out one tube of ointment. In the same line, after the abbreviated word "designate" (S.), the signature is written.

Recipe example 32. Write out 1.0 g of 5% Acyclovir ointment. Assign externally. The drug is applied 5 times a day with a thin layer on the affected and adjacent areas of the skin for 5 days.

Recipe example 33. Write out 10.0 g of Oxolin ointment containing 0.25%halene. Assign to lubricate the nasal mucosa 2-3 times a day daily for 25 days.

A complex ointment includes more than two ingredients.

Recipe example 34. Prescribe 2.5 g of dex-gentamicin ophthalmic ointment containing gentamicin + dexamstazone. Assign a strip of ointment 1 cm long to lay in the conjunctival cavity 2-3 times a day.

Expanded prescription is used for writing in prescriptions main ointments. The main prescriptions, including ointments, are compiled at the discretion of the doctor. If the prescription of the ointment was made by a doctor, and it is prepared in the production department of the pharmacy, the prescription must list all the ingredients: the medicinal substance (one or more) and the ointment base with the indication of their quantity in units of weight. The recipe ends with a prescription M.f. unguentum (Misce ut Jiat unguentum - mix to make an ointment). If the ointment base is not indicated in the recipe for the main ointment, the ointment is prepared on petroleum jelly. For eye ointments, a base is used, consisting of 10 parts of anhydrous lanolin and 90 parts of petroleum jelly.

Recipe example 35. Write out 50.0 g of an ointment containing 10% dermatol for application to the wound surface.

Rice. 1.1.

According to the ability to interact with water, ointments are divided into the following types: fatty ointment, hydrogels, oil-in-water creams, water-in-oil creams, liquid creams.

In order to get rid of diaper rash, it is necessary to cover the damaged surface of the skin with a thin layer of a zinc-based preparation. In this case, it is better to use zinc paste, which has a more pronounced drying effect.

Why do we need salicylic-zinc paste (salicylic-zinc ointment, Lassar paste): application, instructions, price, reviews

The composition of the preparation salicylic-zinc paste (Lassar paste)

Salicylic-zinc paste, often incorrectly called salicylic-zinc ointment, is a combination of zinc paste with salicylic acid. Thus, the preparation contains 25% zinc oxide, 25% starch (zinc paste dry matter), 2% salicylic acid and 48% petrolatum.

The drug has the appearance of a thick white homogeneous mass and is produced in dark glass jars tightly sealed with plastic lids.

Salicylic acid greatly enhances the anti-inflammatory properties of zinc paste. Therefore, salicylic-zinc paste is more effective for skin lesions that occur with a pronounced inflammatory reaction.

Zinc ointment or paste for wrinkles (patient reviews and doctors' explanations)

One can only guess what caused the legend about the rejuvenating effect of zinc ointment and paste - either an unusually wide range of use of drugs, or the presence of zinc in the composition - a really very useful trace element.

However, this legend can harm the appearance of overly gullible women. The fact is that the recipes for using zinc ointment to smooth wrinkles contain the following instructions: you should apply the ointment in a thin layer on the areas of the face where the first wrinkles appear (skin around the eyes, nasolabial triangle).

Zinc ointment dries the skin quite strongly, while good moisturizers are required to fight the first wrinkles. In addition, the skin around the eyes is very delicate, so cosmetologists recommend using only special ointments and creams in this place.