The behavior of blue-blooded people. Why is the blood red? Does Blue Blood exist? Appearance and role in the evolutionary process
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The phrase "blue blood" appeared in the lexicon of the population of Europe relatively recently, in the 18th century. It is believed that this expression originated in the Spanish province of Castile.
It was there that the refined grandees proudly showed pale skin with bluish streaks showing through, which is proof that their blood is not defiled by impurities of the "dirty" Mauritanian.
Does it exist?
To live, the body must consume oxygen and release carbon dioxide. One of the main functions of blood is the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. For this, special blood elements are "adapted" - respiratory pigments that contain metal ions that can bind oxygen molecules and, if necessary, give them away.
In most animals, the respiratory pigment of the blood is hemoglobin, which includes ferrous ions. Hemoglobin is what makes our blood red.
Blue blood in some vertebrates was first described by the famous Dutch naturalist Jan Swammerdam back in 1669, but he failed to explain the nature of this phenomenon. Only two centuries later, in 1878, the French scientist L. Frederico studied the substance that gave the blood of mollusks a blue color, and, by analogy with hemoglobin, called it hemocyanin, from the words "theme" - "blood" and "cyanos" - "blue".
By this time, it was found that the carriers of blue blood are spiders, scorpions and some mollusks. This color was given by the copper ions in it. In hemocyanin, one oxygen molecule binds to two copper atoms. Under such conditions, blue blood occurs.
From the point of view of supplying the body with oxygen, hemocyanin is significantly inferior to hemoglobin, in which the transfer is carried out by iron. Hemoglobin copes with this most important task for the life of the body five times better.
But even from copper, nevertheless, nature did not completely abandon, and for some animals and plants made it completely indispensable. And here's what's interesting. It turns out that related groups of living organisms can have different blood, but they seem to have originated from each other. For example, in mollusks, the blood is red, blue, brown, with different metals. It turns out that the composition of the blood is not so important for living organisms.
unusual people
In the 20th century, scientists became interested in the origin of blue blood again. They hypothesized that blue blood exists, and people in whose blood copper predominates instead of iron - they were called "kyanetics" - have always lived on our planet. True, in fact, the color of blood with a predominance of copper is not blue, but lilac with a bluish tinge.
Researchers of the unknown believe that kyanetics are more tenacious and viable compared to ordinary people. First, they are less susceptible to a variety of blood diseases. Secondly, their blood has better coagulability, and any wounds, even very severe ones, are not accompanied by profuse bleeding.
As an example, the events described in the historical chronicle are given, when the wounded knights-kianetics did not bleed and continued to successfully fight the Moors.
According to some researchers, kyanetics appeared on Earth for a reason. Thus, nature was insured in case of any global catastrophe that could destroy most of humanity. The surviving more resilient bluebloods will be able to give rise to another, already a new civilization.
But there is another explanation for the origin of blue-blooded people: they are descendants of aliens from other planets.
planet of the gods
The universe in which we live is diverse. Even within the limits of the solar system, it has been established by the spectral radiation of the planets that they differ in the elements prevailing in their structure. Therefore, it can be assumed that somewhere on our planet iron, which plays such an important role in the vital activity of the internal organs of organisms, is very small, and copper, on the contrary, is very abundant.
Naturally, the evolution of the animal world there will follow the path of using not iron, but copper for oxygen transport. And the people and animals of this planet will have "aristocratic", blue blood.
And these blue-blooded aliens arrive on Earth and collide with local residents living in the Stone Age. What could they, having flown in on “fire birds”, seem to people from the planet Earth? Almighty gods! Most of the peoples of our planet did not yet have a written language. But you can learn about alien gods from myths, fairy tales, and traditions.
In fairy tales and myths, it is very rare to see iron in creatures from the "thirtieth state" or hear about solid white metal. And gold is found literally at every step. You can read about this from the well-known researcher of folk tales V. Propp:
“Everything in any way connected with the thirtieth state takes on a golden color. The palace is golden, the objects that need to be obtained from the thirtieth kingdom are almost always golden ... In the tale of the Firebird, the Firebird sits in a golden cage, the horse has a golden bridle, and the garden of Elena the Beautiful is surrounded by a golden fence ... the inhabitant of this kingdom, the princess, always has some kind of golden attribute ... Golden coloring is the seal of another kingdom.
Copper instead of iron?
But was the metal of the gods gold? As you know, pure gold is not only heavy, but also a soft metal. You can't make a chariot out of it, and you can't use it as a tool either.
And here's what's interesting: in different parts of the Earth, civilizations not in contact with each other began to use not copper, but its alloys: with zinc - brass and with tin - bronze. Moreover, finding these "additives" to copper ore is a very difficult matter, which geologists can confirm. And metallurgists will not believe that the optimal ratio of copper and tin to give the future metal the necessary properties was revealed by the “scientific poke method”.
Another thing is if these technologies were brought by the gods who arrived from another planet, where such technology has been used for tens of thousands of years. And then the “golden kingdom”, which appears in fairy tales and myths of almost all the peoples of the Earth, would be more correctly called “copper”.
The manufacture of copper tools began under the first pharaohs (4000-5000 BC), who were considered the descendants of the gods who arrived from the sky. Moreover, the technology of extracting metal from ore somehow spread very quickly throughout the planet. Iron, on the other hand, appeared in everyday life much later - only in the 2nd millennium BC. e.
Blue blood vs red
The gods who once flew to Earth, in addition to the ability to mine and handle metal, left another "gift" to the natives - blue blood in people who most often communicate with them, and then became rulers in different countries.
The arrival of the gods and, most importantly, their long stay on Earth can be explained by the need to extract here some elements that are absent on their home planet. Moreover, for this they needed to become part of the earth's biosphere. In order to survive, the gods needed to continuously replenish their own body with copper, necessary for blood formation. But iron is chemically more active in the body than copper. Therefore, getting into the blood of the gods, it will displace copper from its compounds in the blood.
To preserve the properties of blue blood, it is necessary to consume foods high in copper and low in iron. There is a lot of iron in legumes, vegetables, berries and meat products, and copper in cereals, cereals, bread products.
The gods make a revolution
The desire to abandon the usual hunting and gathering was not an urgent need for ancient people. There were few people at that time, but there were a lot of forests and game in them. Berries and edible fruits literally lay underfoot. But a man, under the influence of the gods, suddenly begins to grow cereal plants, poor in iron, but rich in copper.
Many centuries have passed since the “revolution” in nutrition, but even now in industrialized countries, where most people are cut off from natural food, additional fortification of bakery products with iron to compensate for the imbalance of elements is popular.
The fact that this revolution was carried out precisely by the gods who appeared on Earth is also evidenced by the specifics of sacrifices to them. This, by the way, is reflected in the Christian Bible. One of the parables tells that God rejected the lamb brought by Cain and accepted Abel's grain.
The desire to become like the gods, to achieve enlightenment, to touch the highest knowledge in all major religions that exist on our planet, is associated with a vegetarian lifestyle brought to Earth by gods with blue blood.
You have to pay for everything...
However, the gods who arrived on Earth from the "copper" planet left the earthlings not only the initial skills in metallurgy and the desire for vegetarianism as a way to moral self-improvement.
For the distant descendants of the gods, who have preserved blue blood to one degree or another, an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood is sometimes characteristic. It was not constant and habitual for their organisms.
This is confirmed by the constant need of such people for alcoholic beverages to compensate for the harmful gas. The legendary catfish, intoxicated kvass and honey, beer, nine varieties of alcoholic beverages made from maize, the gods gave the American Indians and included them in the list of sacrifices! The gods did not even neglect grape wine, which contains a lot of iron. Apparently, their life on Earth was difficult, since the need for alcohol to compensate for carbon dioxide was so great ...
Mikhail TARANOV
The expression blue blood is familiar to many. Someone thinks that this is a synonym for the word - an aristocrat, someone thinks that this is just a metaphor and that's what they call privileged people, who consider themselves a step above others, or belong to an eminent pedigree and are endowed with power, but for someone it is - sheer fiction.
But nevertheless, science has proven that this expression has a basis. On our planet, people with blue blood really live, who differ from everyone else in a unique combination of genotype and this is more common in owners of the fourth group with a negative Rh factor.
Blue blood in kyanetics
As a rule, there is no smoke without fire, and therefore there are no simple accidents in life. Scientists believe that people of blue blood have always been. But there are not so many of them in the world, only about 8 thousand people. And such people are called kyanetics, which in Latin "cyan" means blue.
Studies show that these are people in whose blood instead of the iron element, copper is present in a predominant amount. And their blood, from her presence, turns not pure, but more like lilac-blue.
Kianetics have enviable health
Blue-blooded people, who are they? It is noted that such people are distinguished by increased vitality and vitality, it is assumed that microbes, entering the body, immediately stumble upon the strongest protection in the form of copper ions and immediately die.
The blood of these people has increased clotting. Cases that occurred in the 12th century are described. The English historian Aldinar of that time described the battle between England and the Saracens and mentioned that the heroes had numerous wounds from which no blood was shed. Sklyarov about blue blood in some people:
These lines probably refer to representatives of kyanetics. And again, this is no coincidence. Everything is designed so that nature protects such people, to start or create a new civilization. In the event of a global catastrophe, only the strongest will survive.
What the story says
There are two versions of the appearance of blue-blooded people
The first one explains why people from aristocratic strata are credited with having blue blood. Previously, white skin was considered a sign of belonging to an aristocrat, so ladies of high society dressed themselves in long clothes even in summer, gloves and an umbrella were an indispensable attribute. The veins stood out clearly through the whiteness of the skin and appeared blue.
According to the second version: known since ancient times, references to people from a noble family who actually had blue blood fueled the speculation of aristocrats about their superiority over ordinary people. But it is more than likely that among ordinary people there were also kyanetics, but who thought about them in those days.
These versions had a massive influence on the formation of the opinion in the highest social strata that aristocrats have a different color of blood, different from ordinary people.
Scientific versions of the appearance of blue-blooded people
Science gives its explanations for this rare phenomenon. It is known that the blood turns red due to the presence of red blood cells in it, which are due to the color of the iron element included in them.
Iron compounds (hemoglobin) perform the main functions of transporting oxygen to the cells of the body. When the hemoglobin in the blood in the lungs captures oxygen, the blood becomes bright scarlet, and after the release of oxygen to the cells, it becomes a dark red color (venous blood). In addition, it performs the functions of metabolism, during which food is converted into energy, the synthesis of hormones necessary for metabolic processes.
The reason is the copper content
In blue-blooded people, instead of iron, the blood cells contain copper, which gives the blood a different color, but performs the same functions. The substance containing copper is called hemocyanin.
When this substance is not saturated with oxygen, it is colorless, and when saturated, it becomes blue.
Copper is directly involved in the formation of blood, this fact has also been proven. The blood serum protein albumin binds it and transfers it to the liver, and from there it returns as another protein - ceruplasmin (blue protein), which takes part in the oxidation reactions of ferrous to ferric iron. It turns out that biologically these elements inside the body are inextricably linked with each other. Both chemicals are found in all human organs, but their presence is greatest in the brain and liver.
But the importance of copper in these organs has not been studied enough. Thus, only in the 1950s were cerebrocupreins proteins, which contain copper, were isolated, and albocupreins, copper-containing brain proteins, were first described already in the 70s. But their role has not yet been determined.
Scientists from the Institute of Biochemistry of the Armenian Academy of Sciences have discovered a new protein, neurocuprein, which contains more than half of the copper found in brain cells. And the role of this protein is also not known. Scientists suggest that the increased content of copper in the brain is not an accidental phenomenon. It remains only to find out.
Some scientists dispute this hypothesis, arguing that such properties are unnatural for a person, supposedly, a large copper content is poison for a person.
But the presence of hemocyanin in the blood of arthropods and mollusks has been proven, such blood is found in cuttlefish and squid, some crustaceans, among insects in arachnids and centipedes.
It's curious that Due to saturation with copper, the horseshoe crab's blood is blue in color, their wounds heal right before our eyes. Blood at the edges of the wound comes into contact with microbes and forms clots that close the wound. This is a kind of barrier that prevents the penetration of infection into the wound.
From the blood of these animals, the Limulus amebocyte lysate medical reagent is obtained, which is used to test the vaccine for the presence of microorganisms, since the hemolymph immediately folds. In the photo, you see a blood draw:
But hemocyanin in its functions is largely inferior to hemoglobin. Hemoglobin has a five times greater ability to perform tasks than hemocyanin. The biogeochemist Samoilov (a student of Vernadsky) put forward a hypothesis that at the beginning of the development of mankind, all the functions that iron now performs in the body of higher organisms were previously performed by copper and vanadium.
Hypotheses and Assumptions
It is known from history that all ancient people worshiped the gods. Some scientists suggest, based on archaeological finds, which depict the gods, that they resemble aliens. At the same time, concluding that the living conditions of the civilization from which they arrived on Earth differed slightly from those on Earth.
After all, they appeared before earthlings without oxygen masks and spacesuits. The aliens ate earthly products, which suggests that the biochemical processes of their body were also similar to those of humans.
Ancient myths and legends tell that the gods gave people some agricultural crops, improving them in accordance with earthly natural conditions (i.e., modified at the gene level). The fact of genetic experiments is evidenced by the findings of scientists during excavations in Latin America.
In ancient texts, there are references to the mixing of human blood with divine (read alien). Even the Bible mentions that angels had a close relationship with the "daughters of men". From such a connection, children were born who were distinguished by strength and remarkable health, or possessed some kind of abilities and talent.
So the mythological Hercules, was born from an earthly woman and God Zeus.
Some suggest that the gods or aliens also genetically altered the person himself. Historical information suggests that after the Neanderthals, the next link in human development were people of the Cro-Magnon type. Studying these two steps at the genetic level, scientists have revealed a shocking detail.
There is a big gap between Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons, there are not enough previous evolutionary links, there are too few common features, as if the Cro-Magnons appeared on Earth already in finished form. The images of demigods-semi-humans on rock carvings are also associated with this. Therefore, the evolution of mankind is now being questioned, and its roots remain unknown.
Comparing the images of the ancient Gods on statues, rock paintings with aliens, some researchers find a striking similarity in them. And in the veins of the Gods, as it was believed in antiquity, blue blood flows.
According to the hypothesis, once on a planet with an excess of iron, the Gods had to adapt to these conditions. And a possible option is the cultivation of cereals, with a high content of copper (for example, wheat). It was the Gods, according to the legends, who taught people to engage in agriculture, lead a sedentary lifestyle and grow grain.
This period of human development surprisingly coincides with the surroundings of people with household items and jewelry made of copper: copper goblets and dishes, bracelets and beads - the development of the Bronze Age. Maybe all this is not accidental, because copper is absorbed through the skin.
In these hypotheses and assumptions, not everything lends itself to logic and common sense. Children receive blood of an unusual color from birth, and throughout life it is impossible to change its composition or change color.
This is explained by an excess of copper in the blood of a pregnant woman. Allegedly, copper accumulates gradually in the blood from prolonged contact with copper objects.
And blue blood is not inherited. Even parents of kyanetics have children with normal, red blood. What do you think about this, dear readers?
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2014-11-18
When we say "Blue Bloods" we mean people of royal lineage. Documentally, this term originated in 1834 in Spain. There is a myth that this phrase describes a condition caused by a rare genetic defect that is common among the royal families of Europe, due to their habit of marrying and marrying only members of other European noble families. This interbreeding led to the development of a disease called "hemophilia", which in turn gave rise to the phrase "blue blood".
Queen Victoria was indeed genetically prone to hemophilia. She earned the nickname "Grandmother of Europe" due to the large number of children and grandchildren in royal houses throughout Europe. All this contributed to the spread of this gene.
A significant shortcoming of this theory is that hemophilia does not make the blood blue. It simply means that the body lacks certain substances in the blood that help blood clot. Depending on the type of hemophilia, the blood may clot so slowly that it is effectively the equivalent of not clotting at all. Queen Victoria's son Leopold died in 1884 after a fall, a normal person would have gotten off with just a bump on his head; but due to his hemophilia, he passed away within a few hours due to a massive cerebral hemorrhage.
The second theory of the origin of the term "blue blood" originates from the Spanish expression "Sangre Azul" (literally "blue blood"), the Spanish nobility had white, untanned skin, through which blue veins were clearly visible, in contrast to the dark skin of the Moors. Sunburn was a sign of laborers who spend a lot of time outdoors.
Why do veins appear blue? Blood has a limited color range from bright red to maroon, depending on the level of oxygen carried by the hemoglobin in the red blood cells. Arteries are located deep inside the body and carry oxygen to the organs, veins run close to the surface, making the veins more visible. Since the skin is low in melanin, the veins appear blue to us.
The third theory has to do with silver, one of nature's most powerful antibacterial agents. Silver was very common among the nobility: forks, spoons, knives, goblets, plates, etc. The very high use of silver in food and drink means that a large amount of ionic and colloidal silver enters the body. High consumption of silver causes high resistance to bacterial infection. However, it can also cause Argyria. Symptoms of which are blue skin and blue color of veins and arteries.
We cannot say for sure which theory is correct: the gene hypothesis, the skin color theory, or silver is to blame. Perhaps they are all correct to some extent and, in sum, gave the name to such a term as “blue blood”.
Many have heard the phrase "blue blood". In the lexicon of Europeans, it appeared relatively recently, only a few centuries ago. It is believed that it appeared in Castile. There, noble, refined aristocrats were proud of their pale skin with bluish veins showing through, which was proof that their blood was not defiled by impurities of impure Moorish blood. There are other versions of the origin, according to which the phrase "blue blood" appeared in the Medieval period. The Church and the Inquisition showed particular interest in sky-colored blood. Moreover, in the chronicles of one of the Spanish monasteries, an incident was recorded that happened to the executioner. For a long time he regularly performed his duties, but was sent to the monastery of the city of Vitoria to atone for a serious sin - as it turned out, he executed a man who was a carrier of blue blood. For such an offense, the Inquisition arranged a trial over the executioner, which delivered a verdict: the person executed by the executioner was completely innocent, because people with heavenly blood cannot be sinners.
As you know, there is no smoke without fire. And from scratch, the phrase "blue blood" could not appear. Some enthusiasts who have been studying this issue for a long period of time claim that blue-blooded people actually exist. Moreover, they have always been.
In total, there are about 7-8 thousand such special people all over the globe. They are called kyanetics. These are people whose blood is dominated by copper instead of iron. The term "blue" is used to refer to the color of their blood, although in fact their blood has a purple hue. People with such blood are considered more tenacious and viable compared to other people. They are less susceptible to various blood diseases, and in addition, their blood has a greater clotting ability, and even the most severe wounds are accompanied by minor bleeding.
Researchers are confident that kyanetics appear on the planet for a reason: nature, by creating unusual people, is thus insured in the event of a global catastrophe that could destroy most of humanity. In this case, people with blue blood will be able to give rise to a new, more resilient civilization.
If we talk about the theory of the origin of people with blue blood, it should be noted that it is quite fantastic, but at the same time it is not without a certain logic. Copper simply cannot get into the human body. In the past, the most common jewelry - earrings, necklaces, bracelets - served as a source of copper. As a rule, all these decorations were worn on the most delicate areas of the skin, through which important arteries and blood veins pass. When copper jewelry was worn for a long time, copper particles could penetrate the body and mix with iron fractions. Thus, the blood gradually changed its composition, acquiring the appropriate shade.
In the modern world, various contraceptives containing copper, in particular, diaphragms and spirals, which are installed for a long time, can serve as a source of copper.
There are other theories about the origin of people with blue blood. We are talking, in particular, about the hypothesis that kyanetics are descendants of aliens from other planets.
Our universe is very diverse. Within the solar system, the planets differ in the elements that predominate in their structure. Thus, it is quite possible to assume that there is very little iron on some planet, and, on the contrary, a lot of copper. It is quite obvious that the evolution of the animal world there will take a different path, and the creatures that inhabit this planet will have blue blood.
According to the theory, these blue-blooded aliens arrived on Earth during the Stone Age. Many myths and legends have been preserved that speak of gods flying in golden chariots. But it is quite logical to assume that the metal of the gods was not gold at all, since it is not only a very heavy, but also a very soft metal, and it simply will not work to make a chariot or weapon out of it.
Another circumstance: in different parts of the Earth, people began to use alloys of copper with zinc and tin. But it is known that the ideal ratio of an alloy of copper and tin was revealed quite by accident. And if we assume that this technology was brought by the gods who arrived from another planet? Then it would be more correct to call the golden chariot a copper one.
It is noteworthy that the manufacture of copper tools began around the 5th millennium BC, during the time of the first pharaohs, who were considered descendants of the gods who arrived from heaven. And the technology of extracting metal from ore somehow spread very quickly throughout the planet ...
In addition to the ability to mine and process metal, the gods who arrived on Earth left the local population one more "gift" - blue blood. Only those who communicated with the gods more often than others had this feature, and later it was they who became rulers.
The authors of the hypothesis explain the arrival of aliens and their long stay on Earth by the need to extract some elements necessary for their life, but absent on their home planet. The aliens were supposed to become part of the earth's biosphere, and in order to survive, they needed to constantly replenish copper reserves in the body. But iron is more active chemically, therefore, if it enters the blood of the gods, it would certainly displace copper from blood compounds. To maintain the blue color of the skin, it is necessary to consume a large amount of foods high in copper, in other words, cereals.
In ancient times, the desire to abandon gathering and hunting was not a vital necessity for a person. At that time, there were not so many people on the planet, and there was plenty of game in the forests. But a person suddenly starts growing cereal crops.
People sought to become like gods, achieve enlightenment and touch the highest knowledge, switching to a vegetarian lifestyle, also brought by the blue-blooded gods to Earth.
However, the researchers say, the gods brought to our planet not only skills in metallurgy and vegetarianism. The distant descendants of the gods, who retained blue blood, were distinguished by an increased content of carbon dioxide in the blood, the level of which was not constant. To compensate for it, such people constantly needed alcoholic beverages. The gods gave the American Indians intoxicated kvass, maize spirits, beer, honey and included them in the list of sacrifices ...
Thus, the aliens not only brought an unusual color of blood to our planet, but also determined the sudden transition to agriculture and marked the beginning of the Bronze Age.
But these are just theories. It may be assumed that in fact blue blood does not exist. In fact, there really are creatures with this color of blood on our planet. These are numerous spiders, octopuses, scorpions, octopuses, snails and molluscs. Unlike humans, blue blood and the abodes of the seas and oceans is the norm rather than the exception.
Science has not yet fully figured out why nature endowed the human body with the ability to change blood cells. However, most scientists still agree that nature thus diversified the human race, thereby increasing the survival of man.
Anyone who has ever heard the history of the kings and aristocracy of Europe, met the interesting combination of "blue blood". What did the ancestors mean by these words, does it exist in nature and how to relate to such a phenomenon?
Representative of royal blood
What is blood?
Blood is the most important fluid in the body. It transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells, removes waste, makes the internal organs function. In each human body, it performs the same tasks, but it is not the same.
According to the popular AB0 system, blood is divided into four groups, according to the combination of antigens and antibodies.
- The first, common species, which has no antigens and, if necessary, is transferred to another group.
- The second, with antigen A, is only suitable for subtypes with corresponding antibodies.
- Third, with B antigen and matching antibodies
- Fourth, rare, in which both antigens are present, but there are no antibodies.
To understand what blue blood is, what type of blood belongs to this phrase, you also need the Rh factor. It is a protein on the surface of red blood cells. Depending on whether it is or not, Rh is positive or negative. The royal indicator is Rh negative for several reasons.
The concept of group and rhesus Where did the concept of "blue blood" come from?
The phrase itself originated in medieval Europe. Only it was not about the essence of such a liquid, the blue blood type did not exist, since there was no division into groups. Blood groups were discovered in the 19th century. This concept meant the aristocratic whiteness of the skin, which gave off some cyanosis due to the veins approaching the surface of the skin.
"Dirty" blood was considered a mixture with residents of non-European countries, people with a skin color that was different from white. The more tanned skin, the less visible the "blueness of the blood", and the rank of such a person in society is lower.
Are there people with blue blood?
When blue blood is remembered in a person, the blood type does not always matter, because there are people who have a liquid of this shade. There are few of them on the planet, scientists are inclined to believe that there are several thousand of them and they call such people kyanetics.
There are few people with blue blood This is explained simply - in the erythrocytes of such representatives of humanity, a blue pigment, which gives the liquid an appropriate shade. As a result, their blood is purple with a bluish tinge. In medicine, this is not considered a pathology, since it does not affect the life of the carrier in any way. The difference with ordinary red blood is insignificant and has a positive character:
- Such people cannot get sick with a number of common blood diseases due to the copper in them.
- They have improved blood clotting, which allows you to quickly stop bleeding.
Being a representative of kyanetics is a rarity. This parameter is not inherited, it is not clear to doctors why this happens, therefore this phenomenon is considered unique.
What groups are called blue?
The concept of "royal blood type" is a thing of the distant past. At the moment, this phrase means several opposite meanings. There are superstitions that almost every subspecies is called blue.
It is possible to figure out which blood group is considered blue only on the basis of a certain “calculus system”. In China, they developed a similarity to a horoscope, only according to a subspecies of blood, and endowed each with special features. Under different conditions, blue is called a different group. According to this criterion, a job or engagement may be denied, because the leaders or parents did not like the forecast compiled according to such an unusual “horoscope”.
Let's take a look at the two main meanings attached to this phrase and the reasons why these groups are special.
fourth negative
A truly golden can be called the fourth negative blood type. In the AB0 system, it occupies the last place and has two antigens, both A. and B, without antibodies. The special status is due to several factors:
- The rarest and occurs in 8% of the population. The fourth positive is more common, so the negative Rh in this subspecies is recognized as the most peculiar.
- Formed not as a result of evolution, but by mixing two other groups - the second and third.
- Doesn't suit anyone. Such a group can only be transfused to people with a fourth negative subspecies and no one else. This makes it quite rare at donor sites, which creates problems when a transfusion is urgently needed.
Feature 4 groups Bleeding with such a group can be fatal, as it is almost impossible to quickly find a suitable species.
First negative
The golden blood group for many doctors is the first negative. In the AB system, null takes the first place and has both antibodies without antigens. This makes it a universal donor material. The absence of lipoprotein protein, which is the Rh factor, allows it to be transfused to any recipient. This can be done due to the lack of an immune response to the protein.
Characteristics of group 1 This subspecies of blood is attributed to royal because of its versatility, however, in modern medicine it is customary for each recipient to transfuse his group. This is due to better compatibility and easier adaptation of the injected fluid. In case of urgent need, for example: during epidemics, after mass accidents or natural disasters, the first negative is actively entering in order to save as many lives as possible.
Racism and blue blood
Having figured out what blue blood is, what blood group and Rh can belong to it, it is worth saying that, in essence, this mobile connective fluid has the same functionality for any person. Does the same job, and the currently outdated grotesque concept of "aristocratic blue blood" has sunk into oblivion, equalizing all people. This is important to overcome psychological barriers and racism based on the color of the skin of people in different regions of the world.
At the moment, in the scientific world, positive meanings are invested in this concept, referring to the rare fourth and universal first negative groups to blue blood. However, the European race remained somewhat snobbish about this, which led to the emergence of fascist theory and the Hitler campaign. Many altruists around the world hope that the concept of "blue blood" in the racist sense will finally become a thing of the past after the lesson and the victims of World War II.
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Appointment of immunoglobulin in Rh conflict, indications and contraindications