Important nuances: why do buds and leaves fall off begonias, how to help the plant? Diseases and pests of begonias: their description and methods of dealing with them Why do begonias fall

Among indoor plants, begonia is one of the most beloved, because it is distinguished not only by beautiful flowering, but also by very attractive leaves. But this plant requires a lot of care, so below we will discuss the most famous begonia diseases and mistakes in its cultivation.

Problems with ornamental leafy begonias due to improper growing and care conditions

Most often, problems with growing begonias arise due to the fact that the flower is not properly cared for. As a result, he begins to lose his attractiveness, stops developing. We describe the main symptoms and causes of begonia disease below.

A similar reaction can develop in a plant due to excessively dry conditions, when it does not receive enough moisture from either the air or the soil. In order for the leaves to recover as soon as possible, the begonia needs to be watered and removed from the windowsill with too bright lighting.

small new begonia leaves

– This is a plant that is very demanding on the nutritional value of the soil. Therefore, even if you repot it regularly and use a fresh potting mix, the plant may develop very small new leaves closer to winter.

In this case, it is recommended to feed the begonia a little. For this purpose, a liquid fertilizer intended for flowering houseplants is ideal. The complex composition of such top dressing will be useful to give the plant every two weeks.

The plant drooped, begonia leaves bowed

If the begonia has drooped, its leaves have become lethargic and unattractive, then most likely the content of the begonia in the kitchen, where the gas stove is regularly used, led to this.

Unfortunately, this plant is very sensitive to gas combustion products. Therefore, the only thing that can be done in such a situation is to move the flower pot to another, well-ventilated room.

Stem and tip rot at the base of the begonia

Most often, fans of this plant are faced with the fact that the roots of begonias rot, but often the stem part also begins to rot. Cause – this is an excessive moisture of the plant, as a result of which a lot of water accumulates in its stems and leaves.

Begonia can recover only if it is placed in a place well lit by the sun, and watering is also significantly reduced so that the earth can dry out a little.

Begonia leaves fall in winter

If in winter the begonia leaves become discolored and begin to fall off, it means that the room is too cool, or from the window on which the plant stands, most likely it is blown by a cold wind. To prevent the plant from losing all its leaves, move it to a more comfortable environment, or at least cover the windows from drafts.

Diseases of decorative leafy begonias

Begonia diseases can be spread from other plants, as well as from poor soil collected in the garden, or from an undisinfected pot, or even pruning tools. Often, improper care also leads to this.

Yellow rings and spots on begonia leaves

Unfortunately, with the manifestation of such a symptom, it is better to destroy the plant. The thing is, that yellow rings and spots, which subsequently lead to deformation of the leaves, are left on the plant cucumber mosaic virus.

There are no means of combating it, but it is spreading quite quickly and actively, so if you have it, try to immediately destroy the source of its distribution.

Gray rot or mold on the stems and leaves of the plant appears as a greenish with a slight shade of brown powder coating. Often it affects not only the leaves, but also the flowers of begonias, which is why it is necessary to fight the mold urgently.

To get rid of mold, the plant treated with Benomyl. In addition, since mold most often forms due to excessive humidity, it is better to rearrange the plant in a dry and cool room for the period of “treatment”.

Important! Begonia is very fond of lit places in which it will develop well and bloom brightly. But it should be remembered that, with direct sunlight on its leaves, they can burn and dry out.

If the plant is affected by this disease, white spots with a powdery powder will rapidly form on its leaves and stems. To stop the development of the disease, it is necessary treat the plant with fungicides.

It would also be useful to move the flower to a well-ventilated, cool room, since under such conditions powdery mildew practically does not appear and does not spread.

If you notice that your favorite begonia has stopped growing significantly, and it begins to fade, you can try to transplant it. If during the transplantation you see blackened and rotting roots, the plant is suffering from black root rot.

All the same will help to cope with it spraying with benomyl. To prevent the development of such a disease from recurring, control watering and in no case overmoisten the soil in a pot.

Problems with flowering begonias due to improper growing and care conditions

During the flowering period, begonia requires the most attention, since for an active vegetation the plant needs a sufficient amount of nutrients, moisture and sunlight. But since begonia is very picky in this matter, not everyone can guess her wishes.

Begonia does not bloom, new leaves are small

The lack of flowering and poor development is evidence of a lack of nutrients in the soil. So try replanting the begonia in fresh soil, and fertilize every two weeks. Soon the plant will again go into active growth and may bloom even out of season.

Lethargy and complete drying of the leaves are caused by growing begonias in excessively dry conditions. It should be understood that this plant is very demanding on high humidity and moisture at the roots. Therefore, try not to overdry the air in the room with begonia and water it regularly.

Did you know? Begonia is a houseplant that can delight in flowering both in summer and in winter. But it attracts attention not only with flowers, but also with attractive large pubescent leaves that can have a multi-colored color.

Begonia leaves turned yellow and drooped

It is often found that begonias do not just drop leaves, but at the same time they also turn yellow. This behavior of the plant will indicate that it is watered excessively intensively and at the same time kept in cold conditions. Flowering from this can also gradually disappear, if at all it can appear.

In this case, you should leave the plant without watering for a while, and also move it closer to the heat. At the same time, try not to go to extremes and not overdry the begonia, which will lead to the appearance of dry leaves.

Rot at the base of the stems is a consequence of excessive moisture. In this case, it is recommended to dry the soil well and avoid waterlogging in the future. In especially severe cases, when you notice the development of rot too late, the plant may not even recover, so watering should be monitored regularly.

Rot on leaves, flowers or buds of begonias

If the begonia begins to rot not from the stems and its base, but from the leaves, flowers and even buds, this indicates that you have sprayed this plant too often, which is generally not recommended. Begonia should be watered only directly into the pot, since this flower cannot fight with excess moisture and begins to rot.

Diseases of flowering begonia

It is most unpleasant to deal with begonia diseases during the period of its active flowering, since the diseased plant completely loses its attractiveness. If, at the same time, these problems are not addressed in time, the plant may die.

Black spots on the leaves of a begonia that is in bloom are the result of a disease called bacterial wilt.

It is worth noting that it develops gradually: at first, only bubble spots appear on the leaves, which, although they are small in size, tend to grow and merge over time. Over time, such spots on the leaves become black.

The only thing that can help to cope with the disease is spraying with a systemic fungicide, which can be done even for non-affected plants as a preventive measure.

Important! The main pest of begonia is excessive moisture. For this reason, even in hot summers, it is necessary to water the plant only after 1-1.5 cm of soil dries out from the water. In the pan, water should never stagnate.

We have already talked about powdery mildew.

However, there is also downy mildew, in which the leaves are covered with white, soft to the touch spots.

You can deal with it in the same way as with ordinary powdery mildew - using systemic fungicides.

Botrytis

Brown and black spots on begonia leaves that also cause them to rot is a disease called botrytis. It develops if the flower is grown in a poorly ventilated area, and is also filled with water.

True, changing the growing conditions is not able to help begonias. In order for the plant to get rid of the disease, it should also treat with Benomyl.

The main pests of begonias: how to deal with them?

But even more dangerous for the plant are pests. It is possible and necessary to fight them, however, each pest must be initially correctly recognized in order to be able to choose an effective method of control.

greenhouse whitefly

It appears in conditions of high humidity and settles on the leaves of begonias, feeding on its juice. If the begonia leaves have become discolored and gradually began to dry out - most likely, you will have to deal with greenhouse whitefly.

Help to deal with it soap solution(for 10 liters of water 40 g of liquid soap). But spraying the plant with such a solution should be done carefully so that soap in large quantities does not get under the roots.

Did you know? Begonia can be propagated in three ways at once: cuttings from leaves, propagation of a bush and cuttings from shoots. However, when using each of them, it should be borne in mind that materials should only be taken from a healthy plant.

If on the stems, roots and leaves began to appear incomprehensible growths and swellings- it means that she settled on begonias root-knot nematode.

Unfortunately, these microscopic worms can completely infect the plant, stop its growth and even cause complete decay. At the same time, it is much easier to prevent the appearance of a nematode than to eliminate it.

Therefore, before planting begonias, the soil must be doused with steam to kill all the larvae in it. If the nematode has already been noticed, the areas affected by it should be removed, and the plant should be watered under the root. solution of Heterophos 0.05-0.2%, pouring only 100 ml onto the area of one pot.

False shield soft

This is a very dangerous pest, as it settles almost inside the shoots, completely stopping their growth and leading to drying of the begonia. To get rid of the false shield, it should be manually cleaned from the affected areas with a soft brush. It would also be valid to use infusion of garlic.

Red spider mite

A tick appears only in cases where abundant watering of the plant is combined with keeping begonias in very warm conditions.

Greenhouse aphids

The aphid is dangerous because it feeds on the juice from the leaves of begonias, therefore, with its mass distribution, it can very quickly destroy the plant.

Evidence that begonias were struck by greenhouse aphids are yellowed and twisted leaves that can fall off along with the buds.

Aphids reproduce very intensively, and they can even get into the apartment through an open window, since many of its individuals can fly. Help to deal with it preparations Actellik and Fufanon.

Important! It is urgent to deal with aphids, because in addition to the fact that she herself can cause significant harm to begonias, sooty fungus also likes to settle on her excrement.

leaf nematode

Unlike the gall nematode, leaf affects the upper part of the plant. You can recognize this nematode by light green spots on the leaves, which turn brown over time.

It is almost impossible to fight the leaf nematode, although in the early stages it is possible spray begonia with a solution of Heterophos with a concentration of 0.05-0.2%. But if the lesion is severe, it is better to remove the flower, and disinfect the pot well before planting another plant.

We are talking about a fairly large insect that can be seen immediately after settling on begonias. This pest also leads to discoloration of the leaves of the flower, makes it unsightly and stops growth.

Begonia is a very popular indoor flower, and this has its own explanation: begonias have beautiful leaves and flowers, which is probably why it is popularly called “girl's beauty”. For those who appreciate beauty in indoor plants, I advise you to definitely get a begonia. And I will try to tell you about the most common problems that arise when growing a beautiful begonia, and how to solve them. For if you are informed, then you are ready to deal with the problem.

What to do if the begonia leaves curl? If only the lower leaves of the plant dry and curl, then this may be a natural process of dying off old leaves, but if the leaves darken and dry on the whole begonia, you should start to worry.

Watering should be moderate: do not overdo it with moisture, but do not let the soil in the begonia pot dry out. Curling leaves on a begonia can be a sign of a nutrient deficient soil, which means it's time to feed the plant.

How often to spray begonias? Begonia loves moist air, but reacts sharply to excessive moisture in the ground in a pot. Varieties of begonias with smooth leaves can be subjected to water procedures, and varieties with "fluffy" leaves are better not to spray, but to spray water around the flower, moistening the air.

Where to place a pot of begonia? Begonias feel great on windowsills, the windows of which face the southwest and southeast.

What to do if dark spots and holes appear on a begonia leaf? Very often, with improper watering, begonia leaves become stained from cold or hard water. And holes can be a trace of a burn formed by a drop of water and a sunbeam.

Why do double begonias have non-double flowers? This mysterious phenomenon is quite understandable: female (pistil) flowers of a simple form and male (staminate) flowers develop on terry begonia. Male flowers are terry. Male and female buds open at different times. If desired, female non-double flowers can be removed, this will save the plant strength, and it will bloom profusely with double flowers.

When should the first flowers appear on begonias? Not earlier than the main stem will have 5-6 knees. In rare cases, begonia at home blooms earlier.

What to do if flowers darken and fall on begonias? The reason may be the ingress of water on the begonia buds.

What to do if mealy spots appear on the leaves? It could be powdery mildew or gray mold. Remove diseased leaves, treat the plant with a fungicide. Ventilate the room more often.

Why do begonias drop leaves and flowers? There are several possible reasons: water got on the plant, the air in the room is too dry, or insufficient watering is to blame.

Begonia pests. Most often at home, begonias are harmed by insects such as aphids and spider mites.

When should begonias be transplanted? Spring is the best time to transplant begonias.

What is the best soil for begonias? The ideal mixture for begonias: turf, leafy, coniferous soil, peat and ordinary river sand.

Why do begonias drop buds? There are many reasons: waterlogging or vice versa - insufficient watering, drafts, and even a change in the position of the flowerpot relative to the light source by several degrees, not to mention the movement of the flower from one room to another.

Why is the begonia not blooming? Perhaps your begonia is not getting enough light, the room is low in humidity, too hot or too cold, or maybe you put it in a draft or overfed it with fertilizers.

If, despite all your efforts, the begonia will wilt, just in case, root the branch, perhaps your begonia is saying goodbye to you.

Diseases of room begonia

In addition to powdery mildew, tuberous begonia is affected by diseases such as gray rot, ring and bacterial spot.

Gray rot

causes the fungus botrytis, which exists everywhere, but is activated in humid warm weather, forming white watery spots with a gray coating on leaves, flowers and apical shoots, which eventually become weeping rot spots. As a result, the stems break, the leaves turn black and curl up, the flowers and buds become covered with mucus. When the first signs of gray rot appear, the plant is sprayed with a one percent solution of Bordeaux liquid or a soap-copper solution of 2 g of copper sulfate and 20 g of laundry soap per 1 liter of water. If the disease progresses, you will have to spray the begonia with a 1% solution of foundationol.

Bacterial spotting

manifests itself as small watery glassy spots on the lower surface of the leaves. It is useless to fight the disease, so the affected specimens are destroyed, and the soil in which they grew is disinfected. For the purpose of prevention, the plant is sprayed twice with an interval of two weeks with a five percent suspension of copper oxychloride.

ring spot

caused by a tomato virus and appears as yellow-green concentric lines on the leaves, turning into bronze spots and necrosis. Sick plants should be destroyed, and as a preventive measure, prevent aphids, thrips and other sucking insects that carry the virus from appearing on plants, and also remove weeds in a timely manner.

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Why do begonias drop buds and how to solve the problem

Improper conditions of detention are the most common reason why begonias dry and fall buds. The natural habitat of this plant is tropical rainforests and subtropics, and home air is too dry. So that the begonia does not get sick and pleases with flowers all year round, it must be moistened, and this is a whole science.

As for heat and lighting, begonias are contraindicated in direct sunlight. From exposure to the sun on the foliage, a burn and redness may appear. The best place for the plant is the southeast and southwest window sills, and then in hot weather they should be shaded. Comfortable temperature is 20–22 °C, in winter - 16–18 °C. In hotter conditions, the begonia flowers dry, the leaves wither, and their color turns red.

Lack of minerals

You can correct the situation by applying complex mineral fertilizers, such as Kemira Lux. During the flowering period, fertilizers are applied 1 time in 2 weeks, in winter - 1 time in 1-2 months. It is desirable to alternate mineral mixtures with organic matter (biohumus, mullein). In order for flowering to be plentiful, nitrogen fertilizers should be avoided, as they contribute to the growth of foliage and inhibit the formation of buds. Flowering begonias need more phosphorus, potassium and trace elements.

The most common diseases leading to dropping flowers are gray rot and powdery mildew.

The rot appears as light watery spots on the tops of the shoots, leaves and buds. Against the background of a general weakening of the plant, flower stalks are the first to fall off at the points of attachment to the branch. If only the inflorescences break off, and the pedicels remain, then, most likely, the begonia is sick with powdery mildew. This can be judged by the condition of the lower leaves - it is there that a characteristic plaque begins to appear.

Timely treatment of begonias with a copper-containing fungicide (Bordeaux mixture) or a solution consisting of copper sulfate (2 g) and laundry soap (20 g) dissolved in 1 liter of water helps to stop this process. If the disease progresses, the plant is sprayed with a 1% solution of "Fundazol".

From this video you will learn what to do if the buds fall off the begonia.

grow-me.ru

Why begonias

There are various difficulties with begonia when caring for it, which is not surprising, because there are some subtleties of this process that you should familiarize yourself with in advance in order to do everything right and prevent the occurrence of diseases or situations, for example, when leaves fall off a flower.

It is recommended that you familiarize yourself with other thematic articles on this site, since within the framework of one article it is quite difficult to provide complete information about what you should pay attention to after buying a begonia and how to properly care for it at home.

Why do begonias wither and dry leaves, the tips of the leaves, along the edges, curl

If the leaves of a begonia undamaged by pests begin to disappear, it means that the plant needs to be fed. It is best to fertilize begonias with fertilizers specially designed for it.

Sometimes the dying off or curling of the foliage is associated with excessively dry air or overdried soil. If the earthen ball is watered, and the humidity of the air remains insufficient, then you can moisten the air around the begonia with a spray bottle, trying to prevent droplets from falling on the leaves.

Why do room begonias dry flowers, turn black, darken

The darkening of flowers on room begonias is usually associated with water getting on the buds. You need to spray water around the bush, and not on the plant itself. Drying and falling flowers earlier than expected are observed in insufficiently watered plants.

Why do the leaves of the royal begonia dry, flowers

With high outside temperatures and insufficient humidity, leaves and flowers can dry in royal begonias. To prevent this from happening, you need to often moisten the air around the begonia bush, trying to prevent water from falling on the plant itself. Sometimes it makes sense to put a pot of begonia on a layer of wet expanded clay or peat.

Why do begonia elatior dry leaves

The drying of the leaves of begonia elatior is associated with care errors. The plant does not like being moved from place to place, is afraid of drafts and requires maximum illumination. Another cause of premature drying of the leaves can be nutrient deficiencies.

Remove damaged leaves and feed the flower with fertilizers specially designed for it, and a stronger plant will delight you with violent growth and flowering.

Why do everblooming begonias, alfalfa fall buds, wither completely unblown

The reason for the fall of unopened begonia flowers in most cases is improper watering. Inexperienced flower growers often either dry out the soil in a pot too much, or, conversely, fill it too much. Another common mistake that causes such a reaction in a plant is changing the position of the flower pot or moving it to a new location.

Why begonia does not bloom, does not grow, is not terry, does not take root and the tuber does not germinate

Tuberous begonia is planted in a pot shallowly, so that its apical buds are visible. As the plant grows, when the plant begins to gain leaf mass and take root, the soil will need to be poured until the tuber is completely immersed in the ground.

You need to be prepared that begonia grows slowly.

Its aerial part grows only after the formation of the root system, and the latter takes over 2 weeks. You can accelerate the formation and growth of begonias if you leave no more than 2-3 shoots with it. Their growth can be stimulated with the help of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, which should be applied to the soil together with irrigation.

Why do begonias have a white coating on the leaves, holes, brown, holes appear, yellow spots

White plaque on the leaves of begonia is formed due to its watering with excessively hard water or overfeeding the plant with mineral fertilizers. Holes on the leaves of a flower can be left by pests or occur due to mechanical injury.

Yellow spots in begonias are sunburns. Sometimes the owner himself is to blame for their occurrence, watering the plant with cold water that falls on the leaves. Dry and brown begonia leaves become with a lack of moisture, and the appearance of soft and wet brown leaves is the result of excessive waterlogging of the soil.

If a begonia rots a trunk, a stem

The death of the stem and leaf rosette of a begonia occurs when water gets on them or the earthen clod becomes waterlogged. To save the plant, it must be urgently transplanted by removing the rotten parts, or try to cut off and root the healthy part of the stem.

xlosa.com

Begonia care, reproduction, diseases and pests

pink tuberous begonia

Begonia - Begonia (Family - Begoniaceae - Begoniaceae) The genus is named after the governor of Haiti M. Begon. About 900 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants, subshrubs and undersized shrubs growing in tropical and subtropical regions of America, Southeast Asia, Africa, on the island of Madagascar; live in moist shaded places, rock crevices, on old trees and roots. Representatives of the genus begonias amaze with a variety of shapes, sizes and colors. Think about it, only the size parameter of an adult plant ranges from a few centimeters to three meters.

History Begonias were first discovered and described by the French botanist and monk Charles Plumier, who took part in a scientific expedition organized in 1687 by Michel Begon to the Antilles to collect plants.

On a scientific expedition to the West Indies, Charles Plumier found six species of plants that could not be attributed to any family known at that time. In 1690, Charles Plumier named the new family begonia - in honor of his patron and friend Michel Begon.

After returning from the expedition, on the basis of the material received, Charles Plumier published the book Description of the Plants of America with their Drawings.

Decorative leafy begonia

In ornamental horticulture, there are both decorative leafy and decorative flowering begonias, about 125 species and their hybrids are widespread. The range of begonias has increased due to the significant work on hybridization and selection of begonias, which has been deployed since the second half of the 19th century.

One Chinese story says that the begonia grew out of the soil watered with the tears of a woman in love.

In 1856, in Assam (India), a royal begonia (Begonia rex Putz.) was found with magnificent silver-brown leaves. In the mountains of South America (Andes), naturalists discovered tuberous begonias - in 1864 the Bolivian begonia (Begonia boliviensis DC.) (Bolivia), in 1866 - Veitch's begonia (Begonia veitchii Hook. f.) (Peru), in 1866 - Pierce's begonia (Begonia pearcei Hook. f.) (Peru, Bolivia). The introduction of tuberous begonias into culture and their use in subsequent hybridization work led to the production of a large group of large-flowering begonias. Today there are thousands of hybrid forms and varieties of begonias. Belgian varieties of begonias are the most popular.

Decorative blooming pink begonia

Types of Begonias are shrubs, shrubs and herbaceous plants. At home, hybrid varieties are most often found. Two types of begonias are used as indoor begonia plants - these are decorative flowering begonias and decorative leafy begonias.

Decorative flowering begonias, in turn, are divided into plants in which the foliage dies off, and the next generation of flowers is grown from tubers or (in bush begonias) the plant falls into a state of deep dormancy, which it needs to provide. Another type of decorative flowering begonia is the evergreen begonia, which retains foliage all year round. These begonias have less showy flowers.

Deciduous decorative begonia

Care Temperature It is desirable to keep the temperature in winter at least 18 degrees. Summer 20-25. Lighting All begonias, especially decorative flowering ones, need bright lighting, but avoid direct sunlight. Shade the begonia with a cloth, blinds, gauze, otherwise burns on the leaves are possible. Decorative leafy forms of begonias are shade-loving, in summer they require obligatory shading.

In summer, begonia requires heavy watering, in the autumn-winter period, moderate watering. Begonias do not tolerate waterlogging of the soil, so water them when the top layer of soil is already 1-2 cm dry. Begonias do not like stagnant water, as well as the drying of an earthen clod. Water should be soft, settled. Tuberous potted begonias are not watered in winter, they are stored in a dry peat substrate.

Several flowering bushes of tuberous begonia

Air humidity Begonia is very demanding on air humidity. It is advised to maintain a constant humidity in the room at 60%. This is achieved by evaporation of liquid from vessels placed next to or humidifier. Begonias do not tolerate spraying. Practice has shown that almost all types of begonias react to the ingress of moisture on the leaves with the appearance of brown spots. Therefore, in hot, dry weather, you can place pots of begonias on a tray or box with wet peat or moss.

Fertilizer

It is useful to fertilize decorative flowering begonias from the moment the flower buds form with a liquid complex fertilizer for flowering houseplants once every two weeks. Do not use nitrogenous fertilizers on ornamental foliage plants, as this will cause leaf growth and inhibition of flowering. Nitrogenous fertilizers are useful for decorative and deciduous varieties of begonias.

rest period

After flowering, tuberous begonia is prepared for a dormant period, watering is gradually reduced until the aerial part of the plant dries completely. All that has dried is removed, the plant is placed in a cool 10-12 degrees, the room is for 2-3 months and very rarely watered.

Red blooming tuberous begonia

Soil 2-3 parts of leafy soil, 1 part of sand, chernozem and peat.

Transfer

In early spring, tubers of tuberous begonias are planted in fresh soil. Rhizome begonias are transplanted as needed when the pot is already cramped. Plants are usually transplanted the day after watering. You can not transplant plants immediately after watering, as well as at the moment when the plant needs it. Before proceeding with the transplant, prepare the required amount of land in advance. At the time of transplanting, the soil in the pot should not be either damp or too dry.

On the day of transplantation, the plants are taken out of the pot, carefully loosened with a pointed stick and the earth is removed and placed in a pink solution of potassium permanganate. After that, the roots are carefully examined. Small entangled in felt-com or large rotten roots are cut off with a sharp knife and sprinkled with crushed charcoal. At the same time, the earth is not covered to the top, so that later, when additional roots are formed, it would be possible to fill up the earth.

Did you know that the peoples of the Himalayas use begonias as a seasoning for their soups and broths?

Plants after transplantation are watered abundantly. Spray daily until next watering. The next watering is done in a few (5-6) days, when the earth dries up and settles on top, then it is poured to the desired level. To reduce the evaporating surface, bush plants are cut a little, which at the same time contributes to the formation of a transplanted plant. After transplanting, it is recommended to keep the plants in the shade for several days, in a place protected from drafts.

Ampel pink begonia

Reproduction Begonias are propagated by stem and leaf cuttings, as well as seeds, dividing the bush and rhizome. Tuberous begonias are also propagated by dividing the tuber. The best time for breeding is spring.

Reproduction by seeds. Seeds are sown in February-March. Begonia seeds are very small, after sowing they are not sprinkled with earth. Crops are placed on a windowsill and covered with glass, poured from a spray bottle or from a saucer, kept at a temperature of 20 ° -25 ° C. Seedlings dive 2 times (when the third leaf appears and after 1.5-2 months), transplanting more sparsely into boxes, and then into small pots.

Growing tuberous begonias by amateur flower growers from seeds presents certain difficulties and has some peculiarities. For better growth, begonia seedlings require evening illumination (about 5 hours) until the end of March. In order for begonias grown from seeds to bloom in the same year and have time to form large tubers with a diameter of 3-4 cm, early sowing of seeds is required (optimally in early January). With late sowing dates (from early February to early March), in the first year, small planting material 1-2 cm in diameter is obtained from young plants, which will bloom next year. The seeds of tuberous begonia are very small; they remain viable for 3 years, but it is better to sow with freshly harvested seeds.

Propagation by tuber division. The tuber of an adult tuberous begonia can be cut into pieces, sprinkle the slices with crushed coal, dry the slices and place the tuber parts in a box or in pots for germination. Propagation of tuberous begonias by dividing the tuber is often practiced to rejuvenate old tubers, since old plants bloom worse than young ones.

Propagation of begonias by dividing the tuber

Propagation by cuttings. Cuttings with 3-5 leaves are cut off. Sections of the cuttings are powdered with crushed coal and the cuttings are planted in a substrate (leaf and peat soil, sand in equal parts), watered, maintained at a temperature of 20 degrees and high humidity of air and soil, shaded from the sun. The cuttings take root within a month, then they are planted in individual pots with a substrate.

Reproduction by cuttings

The division of the bush. Propagate those plants that bush well and form many stems with separate roots, such as bush begonias. Plants in which the roots are little intertwined and divide well can be separated by hand. For others, a clod of earth with roots is cut into pieces and planted in separate pots. For rooting, they are placed in warm and well-lit places. Reproduction by rhizomes. By dividing the rhizomes, decorative leafy begonias are propagated. Propagation by dividing the rhizomes is done in the spring when the plants are transplanted. At the same time, the rhizomes are freed from the ground, cut with a sharp knife into pieces so that each has at least one (preferably more) bud or shoot and roots. The cuts are covered with crushed coal to prevent them from rotting after planting, and the cut parts are planted in pots with appropriate soil and watered.

orange tuberous begonia

Diseases and pests With care errors, begonia can drop leaves and buds. The reason for this is most likely a lack of moisture in the soil and air humidity around the plant. At the same time, the tips of the leaves first turn brown and, if watering is not established, begin to fall off. The pale color of the leaves indicates insufficient lighting.

True powdery mildew. With this disease caused by a fungus, a white powdery coating appears on the leaves and stems of plants. Damaged leaves curl, deform, dry out. Flowers do not bloom.

Begonias are rarely mentioned in folklore, but fourteenth-century minstrels are known to have regarded the begonia as a symbol of virtue and purity. This is in stark contrast to the Victorian language of flowers, in which begonias symbolize dark thoughts and dangerous pleasures.

It appears on cloudy autumn and winter days with high humidity and the formation of drip condensate on plants. Control measures. In the fight against this disease, good ventilation, uniform lighting of the room, free location, and regular feeding are of great importance. One-sided excess fertilization with nitrogen should not be allowed. Gray rot or monilial burn is a fungal disease that affects not only fruits, but also flowers, branches, shoots. May cause death of stems and leaves. Control measures. Timely removal of affected fruits, treatment with 1% Bordeaux liquid and other fungicides before flowering and immediately after flowering, about a month after the first spraying. Of the pests for begonias are dangerous: aphids, nematodes and spider mites.

Ampel begonia

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Begonia grows in the form of tall, upright shrubs, semi-shrubs, or grasses creeping along the ground. The begonia leaf is asymmetrical, solid or dissected with wavy or serrated edges. Its lower part is painted either red or brown or dark purple, and the upper part often has a geometric pattern, various inclusions and sometimes covered with villi.

REFERENCE. The root system of begonia is divided into branched, fibrous and tuberous. In the case of the latter, the flower can be grown in the garden.

To date there are many species of this flower (about 1600 species). They are conditionally divided into:

decorative leafy;
shrubby;
tuberous;
beautifully flowering.

There are odorless begonias. Others have an indescribable aroma. Some have a medicinal aroma: it cleanses the bronchi and is an excellent natural filter for people with nicotine addiction.

This the plant loves water, but does not tolerate moisture on the leaves therefore, the air around the begonia should be moistened, and not the flower itself.

Features of flowering

Begonia blooms in summer and autumn, and indoor begonia does not fall until December. Inflorescences consist of several small, medium or large flowers. Begonia is rich in an abundance of colors: red, yellow, pink, orange, white.

In addition to monochromatic colors, there are flowers with a border of various shades. along the edges of the petals. The begonia inflorescence consists of male and female flowers, over which, after pollination, a fruit is formed - a trihedral box, with small seeds inside.

The flowers resemble rose, peony or carnation buds and consist of 2 to 5 petals, some have up to 6 to 8 petals.

Collected in racemose axillary inflorescences, the buds are formed at the very tops of the shoots. Begonia blooms brightly and profusely, and the flowers themselves delight with their diversity.

The plant drops buds: reasons

Comfortable temperature for begonias: 20 - 22ºС, and in winter - 16 - 18ºС. At temperatures below the buds of the plant fall off, and the leaves acquire a bright red hue.

Not the last role for begonias is played by lighting in the room. It should be bright enough. In winter, it is better to exclude the best direct light from entering the plant, to provide the flower with diffused lighting, otherwise sunburn may occur.

The flower is not too picky about the choice of soil, so you can buy absolutely any in a regular flower shop. If you select the soil yourself, then the best option for a flower would be a mixture of turf, needles and leafy soil with the addition of sand and peat in equal proportions.

If the flower is weakening, then you can try to apply mineral fertilizers. During the flowering period, fertilizers are applied once every two weeks. and in winter - once every two months. You can read about how to feed a plant for abundant flowering in.

Important! Nitrogen fertilizers, which significantly inhibit the formation of buds, should be avoided. They can only be used for deciduous begonias.

If the buds fall off the flower, then the plant may have pests. Then urgent measures must be taken to save the plant, otherwise the begonia may wither completely and eventually die.

The most common diseases in begonias:

Gray rot. Light brown spots appear on the leaves, a fluffy coating appears on the flowers and buds.
Powdery mildew. The appearance of a gray-white bloom or dark brown balls on the stems and young shoots.
Bacterial spotting. The appearance of small watery glassy spots on the underside of the leaf.
Ring spot. The appearance of a flower of yellow-green concentric lines on the leaves. Subsequently, they turn into bronze spots and necrosis.
Aphids and red spider mites.

You can save a flower during rot or powdery mildew by removing infected leaves and reducing watering. The room must be constantly ventilated. In case of complications, timely treatment is carried out with a copper-containing fungicide (Bordeaux mixture) or a solution of copper sulfate (2 g) and laundry soap (20 g), which are mixed in one liter of water.

With bacterial and ring spot, the affected plants are destroyed, contaminated soil is disinfected.

If the plant disappears from aphids and spider mites, then insecticide treatment can help begonias. Read more about the diseases and pests of this plant in.

Prevention

To avoid falling off the buds of begonias, it is enough to constantly ventilate the room, prevent too low temperatures, monitor the frequency of watering, prevent thrips and aphids on the plant, and also spray the plant from time to time with excipients like a five percent suspension of copper oxychloride.

Reference. During flowering, begonias need to be fed at least once a week with complex mineral fertilizer so that the plant does not fade and the color lasts as long as possible. Withered leaves are recommended - then the color will be more saturated.

For a good grower, a plant is not just a decoration of a garden or a room (we wrote about caring for garden begonias, but find out how to care for a houseplant in a pot). A flower is a friend of man, as well as a dog and a cat. A flower is a pet, and, as with any pet, it needs to be followed. Timely watering, providing light, protection from pests - all this is important. Only with proper care will the flower grow healthy and delight the eye.

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Why do begonias drop buds and how to solve the problem Wrong conditions of detention are the most common reason why begonias dry and fall off buds. The natural habitat of this plant is tropical rainforests and subtropics, and home air is too dry. So that the begonia does not get sick and pleases with flowers all year round, it must be moistened, and this is a whole science.

Water should not be allowed to fall on the leaves, growing point, and even more so flowers. You can humidify the air only by spraying water near the flower. Also, do not allow stagnation of water in the pan - this can rot the roots. Begonia should be watered often, but without fanaticism, pouring water along the edge of the pot so that the root does not rot, as is often the case with tuberous begonia. As for heat and lighting, begonias are contraindicated in direct sunlight. From exposure to the sun on the foliage, a burn and redness may appear. The best place for the plant is the southeast and southwest window sills, and then in hot weather they should be shaded. Comfortable temperature is 20–22 °C, in winter - 16–18 °C. In hotter conditions, the begonia flowers dry, the leaves wither, and their color turns red. Lack of minerals

Indoor begonia grows rapidly and eventually begins to experience a lack of nutrients. The ideal soil for this plant is a mixture consisting of the same parts of sod, coniferous and leafy soil with the addition of sand and peat. Such a substrate promotes good flowering. If the flower has become weak, the leaves have brightened, and the buds are falling off, this is a sign that the soil is depleted. You can correct the situation by applying complex mineral fertilizers, such as Kemira Lux. During the flowering period, fertilizers are applied 1 time in 2 weeks, in winter - 1 time in 1-2 months. It is desirable to alternate mineral mixtures with organic matter (biohumus, mullein). In order for flowering to be plentiful, nitrogen fertilizers should be avoided, as they contribute to the growth of foliage and inhibit the formation of buds. Flowering begonias need more phosphorus, potassium and trace elements.

Begonia is a beautiful flower that delights lovers with a riot of colors. This plant has a lot and it is grown both in the apartment, as indoor, and in the garden. Few people know that for the amazing shape of the leaves, the begonia is called the elephant or bear's ear. Like any plant, begonia requires attention, care, love and proper care. Often flower growers themselves cannot solve the problems that arise in the process of growing a flower. The bush is naughty, withers, does not want to grow, the leaves curl, dry along the edge and fall off, the flowers turn black. Let's try to figure out why this happens.

Reasons for indoor plants

Plant finds himself in an unfamiliar environment. For example, with the onset of spring, vents and windows are opened in the apartments, a draft arises in the apartment, which the begonia does not like very much. Or, knowing that begonia is light-loving, they put it on the balcony, wanting to please the sun and warmth. And they get the opposite result. A plant that has received stress begins to rebel, the leaves dry up and wither. Solution: Return the flower pot to the usual conditions - to a lighted warm window sill.
If leaves dry and turn yellow in winter, the begonia's love for a humid environment is to blame. Usually at room conditions they are grown on window sills, under which steam heating radiators are located. The air in the apartment is dry. Solution: Put the flower pot in another place. If this is not possible, you can place a cup of water nearby. Regular spraying with water will also help.
Humidify by spraying the air, trying not to get on the plant, especially on the buds.
Micronutrient deficiencies. Solution: Pamper with regular top dressing with complex fertilizers. Or use potassium nitrate.

When choosing a complex fertilizer, pay attention to the nitrogen content. It should be as small as possible.

Reasons for garden plants

Hot and dry weather insufficient irrigation.What to do: adjust the water supply. But there is a small nuance here. The roots do not like constant dampness, so you need to make sure that the earth is moist, but well ventilated and not constantly wet.

Diseases

To prevent any disease, you need to follow a few rules:

Plant pots should stay away from each other.
Place for begonias should be bright, sunny, warm and without drafts.
The air around the begonia should be moist.
Observe watering regime. The ground should always be slightly damp, but not wet.
Timely feeding.

Symptoms:

Treatment: Spray with a 1% Bordeaux mixture or a copper-soap solution (a little tar soap, 20 g of copper per liter of water). Treat with benomyl.

Powdery mildew - white coating Symptoms: spots with a white coating appear on the leaves. If no action is taken, they increase in size and gradually cover the entire leaf completely, gradually the leaves turn brown, curl and dry out.
Treatment: Spray the plant with either 0.05% morestan, or 0.05-0.1% foundationazole. For prevention, spraying with a soap-copper liquid or a solution of colloidal sulfur is suitable.

Symptoms:

Prevention: Watch out for pests.

Treatment: it is better to destroy the flower, as the treatment does not work.

Spotting bacterial - brown spots Symptoms: small glassy watery spots form on the underside of the leaf. Gradually, they become brown and capture stems and buds.
Prevention: Spray every two weeks with a 0.5% copper oxychloride solution.

Treatment: It is not subject to treatment, the flower must be destroyed so as not to spread the infection, the pot must be thoroughly disinfected, it is better to throw the earth away and replace it with another one.

Darken (flowers turn black)

Water gets on the flowers during watering.
Solution: water under the root, avoiding drops on the buds and on the edges of the leaves.
Lack of moisture for foliage and flowers, for example, in hot and dry summers or in winter on a warm windowsill. Solution:
1. Set the flowerpot with a flower on wet expanded clay.
2. With a sprayer humidify the air around the plant trying not to get water on the buds.

The flower does not develop the root system, fades

There are two types of begonia - root begonia and tuber begonia.

For both species, wilting of the root system occurs due to over watering. If water stagnates in the ground, and the roots and tubers begin to rot, the plant withers, the leaves fall off, in this case it is necessary to limit the amount of moisture supplied.

The second reason is the infection of the flower nematodes. Since this is a viral disease, the plant dies.

And the third reason is that there are types of begonias that bloom only in summer, and in winter they need rest. In this case, there is no need to be afraid of drying. Just need cut off all leaves, stems and flowers, and place the tubers in a closed container with dry sand or soil and store in the cellar or on the loggia at a temperature of plus five to plus ten degrees.

Falling buds

Begonia - very tough plant. Buds can fall off for a variety of reasons:

Insufficient watering.
Excessive watering.
Dry air around the plant.
The buds got water.
Overfeeding.
Insufficient nutrition.
Moving a flower pot from place to place. Even turning a few degrees can cause the buds to drop.

Solution: Observing the plant, identify the cause, adjust watering and top dressing. In no case do not change the location of the flower. Flowers may not exist at all if you unknowingly acquired a plant that does not bloom.

stem rot

The reason again in the wrong watering. Excessive moisture and getting it on the outlet provokes stem rot.

It is necessary to cut the stem, remove the rotten part and place the stem for several days in water with Kornevin.

Begonia pests

There are two ways to deal with pests. Large pests - slugs, caterpillars - harvested by hand. small sprayed with insecticides or infusions and decoctions of medicinal herbs.

leaf nematode

These are worms up to 1 mm in size. When a begonia is affected by a nematode, the leaves appear light green spots, the tops develop incorrectly, the plant gradually dies. For prevention, a solution of heterophos (0.005)% is used. If the lesion is extensive, the plant cannot be saved, it is better to destroy it.

Thrips greenhouse

Terrible in itself and as a pathogen, 1.5 mm long, develop well at high humidity and a temperature of about 30 degrees. The adult insect is dark brown in color, the young are orange. Plant stops growing, discolored, the leaves turn yellow.

For destruction regularly, every two weeks you need to spray with infusion of celandine or tobacco.

Greenhouse aphids

A tiny insect, 2 mm in size, which settles on the lower part of the leaf, covering it with sugary secretions.

They die at temperatures below zero or at high summer temperatures and drought. Sucks the sap from the plant, so the leaves curl and dry out.

It is necessary to constantly monitor the plant. If aphids are found, spray with an infusion of tobacco (100 g per liter of water) or green soap. Of the chemicals, benzophosphate (0.1%), actelik (0.1%), selecron (0.05), kroneton (0.05-0.1%) are suitable

Summing up, we will formulate simple rules, following which, you can successfully grow begonias and constantly admire wonderful flowers.

The place for begonias should be bright and sunny.
Pots should not be very close to each other.
Begonia loves a humid environment around it, but does not like it when moisture gets on the buds and leaves.
The soil in the pot should be slightly damp, but not wet.
Regular inspection of the leaves, especially from the inside, will help to identify pests and destroy them in time.

Good luck, dear flower growers.