How does vomiting happen? Nausea does not go away after vomiting. Other dangerous situations

Vomiting and nausea are symptoms that cause a lot of discomfort to a person throughout the entire period of his illness. He cannot leave the house, because the urge to vomit can occur suddenly.

This symptomatology negatively affects not only a person’s health, but also his mood. Trying to get rid of discomfort, the patient asks the question: what to do with nausea and vomiting? The answer will be given below.

The specificity of this symptomatology

Before giving the patient injections with any medications, it is recommended to deal with the peculiarity of this disease.

Nausea is called discomfort in the upper part of the stomach and in the larynx, resulting from intoxication of the body.

Nausea is accompanied by dizziness, numbness of the extremities and general weakness. Vomiting with nausea does not always occur, it is rather its consequence.

These symptoms occur for various reasons. For example, its appearance is preceded by toxic poisoning, overeating or intestinal infection.

In most cases, vomiting and nausea occur situationally, due to an external stimulus. Interruption of contact with this irritant leads to recovery.

However, if a person has any deviation in the work of the gastrointestinal tract, these two symptoms will occur regularly. What to do in this case?

When a person is regularly sick and vomits, the first thing he needs to do is undergo a course of medical therapy in a medical institution.

If the patient's condition is not very serious, doctors prescribe appropriate medications and prescribe a therapeutic diet.

They may need to give him cleansing enemas.

When vomiting and nausea are accompanied by other symptoms, such as heartburn, belching, intestinal colic, the patient is admitted to the hospital for further monitoring of his condition.

So, what should be done in order to rid yourself of this unpleasant symptomatology?

Actions for nausea

For nausea, do the following:

If this ailment was caused by banal overwork, a person should open the windows in the house to gain access to fresh air, drink a scan of water and take a supine position. It is recommended to sleep for a few hours and the discomfort in the upper abdomen will pass.
When a person is very sick, you need to make alcohol lotions. You can not keep alcohol on the skin for too long, as this will dry them out. It is enough to inhale vapors of alcohol.
Validol will also help to cope with this ailment.
With nausea, an infusion of mint will help the patient get rid of discomfort.
If the nausea was caused by seasickness, it can lead to frequent vomiting. What to do in this case? If a person making a boat trip or a trip is sick and vomits, he should have candies with him, as they help get rid of such symptoms.
If the patient experiences vomiting, do not suppress it. With nausea caused by intoxication of the body, vomiting will be the best treatment. Why? Together with vomit, all pathogenic bacteria are exported from the stomach, provoking poor health of the patient.
To provoke the urge to vomit, you should drink water and press with two fingers on the tongue root.

Actions for vomiting

When severe discomfort in the upper abdomen is accompanied by vomiting, the following should be done:

The patient should drink plenty of fluids. Water and other liquids will help absorb harmful trace elements in the patient's stomach. The more he drinks, the more effective the treatment will be, because it depends on the degree of cleansing of the stomach. Moreover, vomiting leads to dehydration, so drinking plenty of water with this ailment is the main necessity.
When vomiting, you should not stop her urge. On the contrary, such attacks occur when the body tries to fight the disease, freeing the stomach from harmful trace elements and toxins.
If nausea and vomiting bother the patient for several days, he should not take any action, because an illness that lasts several days is a clear sign of a disease of the gastrointestinal tract.
The best medicine for vomiting is a sorbent. You can take activated charcoal, Enterosgel or Smecta. The sorbent envelops gastric toxins that prevent its normal functioning, and contributes to their rapid removal from the body.

Treatment at home

Nausea and vomiting can be treated with traditional medicine methods. So, home treatment includes the following:

The patient should watch his diet. During the treatment period, it is recommended to refrain from eating foods that are difficult to digest. We are talking about fatty, smoked and spicy foods. Also, the ban is imposed on the use of fruits that increase the level of acidity in the stomach, such as apples and plums.
On the first day of the disease, the patient is recommended to completely refuse to eat, as this will negatively affect the functioning of the stomach and his well-being.
On the second day after the onset of the disease, the patient should drink sweet tea. It can be replaced with juice or mineral water. The only food that a patient can eat with nausea and vomiting in the first days of illness is broth and crackers.
To alleviate the condition of a person who manifests this symptomatology, adding grated ginger to food will help. Ginger normalizes the work of the gastrointestinal tract and helps to eliminate pathogenic microbes from the body.
A person suffering from this ailment will feel better if he dissolves one spoonful of soda in a glass of warm water and drinks the solution.
You can get rid of this symptomatology with the help of salt water. It is enough to dissolve one tablespoon of salt in a glass of warm water and drink the water in one gulp. After that, you should drink orange juice.
If nausea and vomiting prevent a person from functioning normally, you can get rid of them with the help of potato juice. Juice should be squeezed out of raw potatoes, which should be taken one spoonful several times a day. The patient will feel better already on the first day after taking potato juice.
With such symptoms, you should drink green tea.

Phytotherapy for this disease

Herbal preparations help to get rid of the discomfort associated with nausea and vomiting. These healing recipes contribute to the rapid recovery of the patient.

Mint infusion. Peppermint is poured with boiling water. It takes 2 hours to insist. After that, the mint is thrown away, and the infusion is taken three times a day. It is recommended to take an infusion of mint after each vomiting.
Dill. Dill seeds are poured with boiling water. This infusion is drunk one tablespoon twice a day. This medicine for this symptomatology should be taken if the disease was caused by abnormalities in the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
Melissa infusion. Dry medicinal lemon balm is poured with boiling water. It should be infused for at least 30 minutes. Take this medicine three times a day, 3 tablespoons. It is important to drink melissa infusion after meals.
Infusion of trefoil watch. Two tablespoons of this herb are poured with two glasses of water. The water must be cold. A trefoil watch is infused for 8-10 hours.

Treatment of the disease in pregnant women

In the first trimester of pregnancy, toxicosis occurs in women. This is a normal condition, which signals that her body is preparing for new conditions.

With toxicosis, morning vomiting is a familiar and absolutely normal phenomenon for a woman.

Despite the fact that this symptom does not carry any danger to the life or health of the expectant mother and her fetus, it brings a lot of discomfort and problems.

Pregnant girls are not allowed to take medicines. How to get rid of vomiting?

It is necessary to refuse evening meals. If the expectant mother eats before going to bed, she will feel sick in the morning.
It is important to eat in small portions so as not to burden your stomach with a large amount of food.
In the morning, you should eat only foods that are easily digestible by the body.
Stench and any unpleasant odors should be avoided. Contact with them is fraught not only with nausea, but also with sudden vomiting.

Useful video

Adults often vomit. Usually before it always appears and nausea. The main causes of vomiting include diseases of the stomach, intestines, as well as blood vessels, and the heart. Sometimes vomiting can be caused by a serious brain disorder.

Types of vomiting in adults

visceral vomiting appears when the mucous membrane of the stomach, pancreas, tongue, soft palate is irritated. Dangerous vomiting, which accompanies cancer of the intestines or stomach, because of it, the motor activity of food masses can be impaired. In this situation, vomiting can be with blood, bile, most often it appears after eating. In severe and advanced cases, vomiting becomes black, has an unpleasant odor, and after it there is no relief.
toxic vomiting appears after a person has consumed life-threatening alkalis, acids, heavy metals, as well as with the abuse of alcoholic beverages. In some situations, toxic vomiting is provoked by a severe somatic disease - chronic renal failure, diabetes mellitus or heart disease.
Vomiting with great pain. When the human body is exposed to toxic effects, there are frequent bouts of vomiting with severe pain in the abdomen. In this situation, vomiting changes its color - blood clots are observed, maybe with foam or even green with mucus. At the same time, an adult is very weak, his body temperature may rise or fall sharply. It also makes me feel dizzy and have a headache.

When does vomiting most often occur in adults?

In women, vomiting is most often provoked by pregnancy. An unpleasant symptom appears due to hormonal disruptions and accompanies. During pregnancy, the abdominal organs can be strongly compressed, because the uterus enlarges, as a result, food practically does not pass through the digestive tract. Nausea with vomiting most often bothers a pregnant woman after eating.

Separately, it is worth paying attention to the central vomiting, which appears with a sharp jump in blood pressure, also with a malignant tumor, as a result of an injury. in this case, constant, strong, after it does not become easier. In this situation, it is urgent to call an ambulance.

Psychogenic vomiting is often observed in young children who have hysterical character traits. It appears due to the fact that increased sensitivity in the vomiting areas.

When a person is very worried, experiences an emotional shock, vomiting appears even after a small sip of water. Some women who are overweight cause vomiting specifically for weight loss, as a result, cachexia and significant disturbances in the system organs are observed.

Vomiting in an adult can be caused by an intestinal infection, a virus. In the case of a primary lesion of the digestive organs, severe intoxication of the body can be observed. In this situation, in addition to vomiting, there is diarrhea, chills, general weakness in the body, and body temperature rises.

Methods for treating vomiting in adults

First of all, when vomiting, you must completely refuse to eat, you must constantly rinse, immediately consult with your doctor. Remember! In no case should you self-medicate if your condition has deteriorated sharply.

During vomiting, it is necessary to drink as much liquid as possible to avoid dehydration. With severe vomiting, you can not drink a lot of water at a time. It relieves the condition of a piece of ice, which must be held in the mouth for some time.

It is best to drink a liquid that contains electrolytes, so you will quickly restore the body, replenish the supply of essential vitamins and minerals. When vomiting, you need to drink as much liquid as possible, which includes sodium, potassium. It is in this liquid contains a large amount of electrolytes:

Weak tea.
Apple juice.
Low fat broth.
Purified mineral water.
Tonic drinks, syrups. Cola syrup helps to restore the stomach, it is sold in a pharmacy in the form of Emetrol. An adult should take at least 2 tablespoons. The syrup is used for stomach disorders. This is an absolutely safe drug. Often prescribed for vomiting in pregnant women.
Give up coffee, energy drinks, strong tea.
Do not abuse drinks with high acidity - orange juice, lemonade.
Ginger tea can help reduce vomiting. You can add honey to tea, so the effectiveness will only increase. Ginger candy is also recommended for vomiting. They need to be chewed in small quantities.

A cracker helps relieve vomiting. It must be consumed in small quantities, observing the reaction of the body. In the first days after vomiting, you need to pay attention to your diet. Exclude fatty, fried, salty. Chew gum, suck on mints, they are great for vomiting.

Ventilate the room! Remember, fresh air helps to gain strength and recover faster after vomiting. In the event that, in addition to vomiting, diarrhea appears, it is necessary to avoid dairy products, it negatively affects the work of the gastrointestinal tract. It is also worth giving up for a while food that is too cold or hot.

The drug Dramamine stops vomiting perfectly, it must be taken if vomiting is caused by an upset of the gastrointestinal tract, poisoning. In case of strong, an anesthetic is prescribed - Paracetamol, unlike other drugs for relieving pain, it does not irritate the stomach.

So, in order to get rid of vomiting as soon as possible, it is necessary to find out the cause of its occurrence. If the condition worsens with vomiting, it is urgent to go to the hospital.

Quite often in adults and children there is such an unpleasant phenomenon as nausea and vomiting. Babies are especially affected by this - any change in diet, stress or injury can cause regurgitation of everything eaten. In most cases, vomiting goes away after a while with a certain diet. But if it happens more often than every hour, lasts more than a day, or children suffer from this, then the doctor must be called. And since most often his visit may be delayed, you need to provide first aid to the patient. Especially parents of young children should know what to do with vomiting before the doctor arrives. After all, it is very important that the child does not suffer, and there are no complications.

Why does vomiting occur

The condition when there is a sharp emptying of the stomach through the mouth can occur for various reasons. Vomiting is a complex physiological process associated with the work of the stomach, liver, vestibular apparatus and brain. Therefore, various violations in the work of these organs can cause it:

the most common cause of vomiting is poisoning with poor-quality food, unusual foods or medicines;
infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract almost always cause the emptying of the stomach through the mouth;
SARS, otitis media, pneumonia and even a simple cough can also;
emptying the stomach through the mouth may occur with gastritis, ulcers, or disorders in the liver or intestines;
injuries and concussions of the brain are also often accompanied by vomiting;
some particularly sensitive people and children react in this way to severe stress.

How dangerous is vomiting

It is not always necessary to try to stop this condition. In most cases, vomiting is associated with the entry of toxins, poisons or infections into the gastrointestinal tract. In this way, the body tries to get rid of them. If vomiting is stopped artificially with the help of any drugs, general intoxication may develop. But you need to help the patient, since such a condition can cause severe dehydration of a person. With vomit, the patient loses a lot of fluid, which is especially dangerous for children. Therefore, it is important to know what to do with vomiting in order to alleviate the patient's condition and prevent dehydration. Such emptying of the stomach can also be dangerous in young children and unconscious patients, as they can choke.

Vomiting without fever or diarrhea

What to do if indigestion is not accompanied by fever and dyspepsia? The most likely explanation for this condition is poisoning with poor-quality food, chemicals, overeating, or a reaction to medications. Most often in this case, vomiting occurs without fever and diarrhea. What to do if this happened?

The main thing is to remove toxins and prevent dehydration. To do this, you need to rinse your stomach as soon as possible by drinking at least two liters of water. It should be boiled and slightly warm. To prevent dehydration, you need to drink as much water as possible. This is especially important for children. To restore the water and mineral balance of the body, you need to drink a solution of Regidron.

And what to do with vomiting, when it is repeated often, causes noticeable inconvenience, but is not caused by poisoning? This can be understood by the absence of abdominal pain and symptoms of intoxication. Before the arrival of the doctor, you should drink a pill "Tserukala", which suppresses the gag reflex.

What to do with vomiting

If the emptying of the stomach occurs more often than every hour, it is advisable to call a doctor. Before his arrival, you need to provide first aid to the patient. The easiest case is when vomiting is observed without fever. What to do about it?

put the patient to bed, preferably on his side;
drink water, tea or unsweetened compote as often as possible in small portions;
powders containing potassium and magnesium salts "Regidron" or "Oralin" will help alleviate the patient's condition; if it is not possible to purchase them, then you need to dilute a teaspoon of salt and sugar in a liter of boiled water;

it is recommended to drink activated charcoal - 1 tablet per 10 kilograms of weight;
ice can be put on the stomach;
with nausea, if there is no strong urge to vomit, it is recommended to sniff mint essential oil or ammonia.

With intestinal infections, diarrhea, vomiting and fever are observed. What to do in this case? Before the doctor arrives, you can drink an enterosorbent - activated carbon or Polysorb. It is permissible to start taking antiseptics that do not irritate the gastrointestinal tract, for example, Enterol or Ersefuril.

What Not to Do

If vomiting is frequent, accompanied by pain, diarrhea or fever, and if there is a suspicion of an infectious disease or head injury, then you should definitely call a doctor. Before his arrival, you can not:

there is;
take antibiotics and other chemotherapy drugs;
take painkillers or anti-inflammatory drugs;
apply a heating pad to the stomach.

Vomiting in a child

If this happened once and is not accompanied by other symptoms, there is nothing to worry about. This can happen if a child is teething, he tried unfamiliar food, tried to swallow a large piece, was very frightened of something or was injured. But most often such emptying of the stomach occurs with acute intestinal infections and other diseases. In this case, the child appears. What should I do if this happens?

immediately need to call a doctor;
the child needs to be put to bed, but directly with vomiting, he should be planted or turned over on his side;

do not leave the baby alone;
after vomiting, wipe your lips and face, it is advisable to rinse your mouth;
it is very important for the child to drink a lot: give 2-3 sips every 10 minutes;
if the baby is chest, then as often as possible you need to apply it to the chest;
it is better to give the child water with glucose-salt solutions, which can be purchased at a pharmacy or made independently.

Some surgical diseases, such as appendicitis, lead to what is observed. What should I do in this case? You need to call an ambulance immediately. Before her arrival, you should put the child to bed, give him a little to drink, and you can put a heating pad with ice on his stomach.

Diet for vomiting

Whatever the reasons for this condition, it is advisable to refuse to eat on the first day. This is especially important in case of poisoning. You only need to drink a lot: water, tea, rosehip broth, dried fruit compote or To restore the loss of minerals, prepare a glucose-salt solution.

What is needed for this?

boil 100 grams of raisins in a liter of water for at least half an hour, rub through a sieve and strain;
add a teaspoon of salt, half a spoon of soda and 3-4 tablespoons of sugar to the broth;
Boil the mixture for 2-3 minutes and cool.

When vomiting becomes less frequent, you can gradually start eating. It is best to refresh yourself with mashed potatoes, dried bread, oatmeal or rice porridge in water, or boiled lean meat. You can eat bananas and applesauce. Meals should be fractional, that is, in small portions, but frequent. It is undesirable to eat if you do not want to.

What drugs can be given

The most important thing is to prevent dehydration and loss of minerals. To do this, you need to drink water-salt solutions: Regidron, Citroglucosolan or Oralin.
To make it easier for the body to cope with possibly ingested toxins, enterosorbents are needed. For these purposes, activated carbon, Polysorb, Polyphepan, Filtrum Ste, Smekta or Lignosorb are used.

With intestinal infections, frequent diarrhea and vomiting are observed. What to do in this case? Before testing, you can start taking intestinal antiseptics or antimicrobial biologics. They are active against most bacteria and do not suppress the immune system. It is best to use "Ersefuril", "Biosporin", "Baktisubtil" or "Enterol".
Probiotics are good for infections and poisoning from vomiting. It is best to use Linex, Hilak Forte, Primadophilus or Bifidumbacterin.
In the case of stress, motion sickness or allergies, you can drink drugs that depress - Cerucal or Motilium. But they are contraindicated in intestinal infections and poisoning.

Nausea is a feeling of deep aversion to food. It leads to belching or vomiting.

Nausea and vomiting are reactions to signals from the brain. This signal causes the abdominal muscles to contract and the muscular ring between the stomach and esophagus, called the esophageal sphincter, to open. As a result, the contents of the stomach, which normally should go down the digestive tract, are pushed up and out of the mouth by reverse contractions of the esophagus.

The reasons

Call your doctor right away if you vomit blood, if you have severe abdominal pain, or if you have had a recent head injury.

Nausea and vomiting can be early signs of pregnancy or occur for a variety of other reasons. This is for example:

stomach ulcer;
inflammation of the liver (hepatitis);
inflammation of the appendix (appendicitis);
acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa (gastritis);
gallbladder disease;
digestive tract infection;
disorders of the central nervous system;
food poisoning;
anxiety;
pain;
binge eating;
alcohol poisoning;
surgical intervention;
migraine;
radiation therapy.

Symptoms

Nausea and vomiting are often accompanied by:

increased salivation;
sweating;
rapid pulse;
blanching of the skin;
rapid breathing.

What to do

Call your doctor right away if you vomit blood, if you have severe abdominal pain, or if you have had a recent head injury. If a small child is vomiting severely, a doctor should be called immediately (see “If the child is vomiting”).

Urgent medical attention is needed for those who are very sick, vomit frequently, or if vomiting does not stop for more than 24 hours.

If the patient is unconscious and vomiting, lay him on his side with his neck stretched out (unless there is reason to fear injury to the head, neck or back). This will prevent choking on vomit.

For a head injury, roll the casualty to the side position. This will ensure the outflow of vomit and air access. When rolling, it is necessary to ensure that the neck is motionless.

For ordinary nausea and vomiting accompanied by indigestion, make the patient comfortable. When the vomiting stops, replace the lost fluid. Give the patient a teaspoon of pure water every 15 minutes until he can keep it in his stomach. Then let him drink liquid at room temperature in small sips every 15 minutes.

What do doctors do

With severe nausea and vomiting, treatment is used to alleviate the symptoms, compensate for the loss of fluid and eliminate the cause of the ailment. Depending on the causes of nausea and vomiting, medications and even surgery may be needed.

For normal nausea and vomiting, treatment involves creating comfortable conditions, replacing fluid loss, and gradually returning to a normal diet.

If vomiting does not stop for more than 24 hours, the patient needs urgent medical attention.

What else do you need to know

In the process of recovering from an attack of nausea and vomiting, a person can consume gradually increasing amounts of food and drink. For example, after 4 hours, you can drink a large sip of clear liquid and eat a cracker or cookie.

If this food does not make you worse, go to simple light food such as soft-boiled eggs, boiled chicken, clear broth. After 24 hours, if everything is in order, you can eat normal food, however, avoiding spicy foods and overeating.

SPECIALLY FOR PARENTS

If the child is vomiting

In children, vomiting is a common symptom of indigestion. For the most part, this is not a serious ailment, but sometimes requires immediate medical attention.

When to call the doctor

Urgently call a doctor if an infant's vomit is pushed out with such force that it scatters up to a meter away. This may indicate partial or complete intestinal obstruction.

Other dangerous situations

Call your doctor immediately if;

vomit contains blood;
vomiting began a few hours after a fall or head injury;
vomiting is accompanied by headache and pain in the stomach.

What to do with prolonged vomiting

Prolonged vomiting, especially accompanied by diarrhea, is a good reason to see a doctor. It leads to dehydration, a life-threatening condition.

How to deal with ordinary vomiting

If vomiting is not accompanied by alarming symptoms, make the child comfortable. Support his forehead when he vomits. Then rinse your mouth and wipe your face with water.

To replace fluid loss and prevent a recurrence of an attack, follow our advice, I Give the child a teaspoon of water, tea, juice (not orange) every 10-20 minutes until he can keep them in his stomach, or let him suck on a lollipop.

Gradually increase the amount of liquid you drink at a time.

If the child has not vomited for more than four hours, give him a piece of dry bread or unsweetened biscuits. Then feed him simple light food. When the disorder stops, gradually transfer the child to a normal diet.

Nausea and vomiting in an adult are protective phenomena that cannot be consciously controlled by a person. It feels like the processes are similar and often accompany each other. The defense mechanism is designed to rid us of harmful substances. But bouts of vomiting can overtake, even if the stomach is not in danger. Many people literally feel sick from smells or sounds.

Nausea from strong smells of perfume, raw meat, fish or cooked food is a frequent companion of pregnant women. And if this is not pregnancy, then what? Then you should contact a gastroenterologist, endocrinologist, therapist or neurologist for advice.

Causes of vomiting due to odors can include:

hunger - so the stomach reminds that breakfast and lunch should be on schedule, it is advisable to have a full breakfast before traveling in stuffy public transport;
chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
nervous strain - neurosis, stress, depression;
allergy or poisoning.

Unpleasant sounds such as the sound of the same vomiting, scratching a plate with a knife, the sound of a microphone malfunctioning with prolonged exposure also provokes vomiting. An unpleasant sight often causes nausea. Such a reaction indicates excessive impressionability, and sometimes the first stages of neurosis.

Nausea against the background of non-existent odors. When it seems as if it smells of burning or something else, it may indicate brain tumors.

Many people live and cope with nausea on their own, without attaching much importance and without thinking about the true causes. Although sometimes this is the only early sign of heart problems, ear infections and other hidden inflammatory processes.

Nausea in inflammation

Nausea and vomiting, combined with dizziness and loss of balance, are symptoms of ear inflammation. It occurs as a complication after influenza, otitis media, measles, tuberculosis, meningitis, scarlet fever and other infectious diseases.

Labyrinthitis is an inflammation of the inner ear, which has the form of a labyrinth filled with endolymph. Not only auditory analyzers are located here, but vestibular receptors are also located in the tubules, which are responsible for orienting the body in space, balance and coordination. Inflammatory processes affect both functions, which provoke such symptoms.

Most often observed 1-2 weeks after the transferred otitis media. The middle ear is separated from the inner ear by a membrane. When inflamed, the wall swells and becomes permeable. Toxins and pathogens penetrate deep into, purulent labyrinthitis occurs.

The following symptoms may be observed:

severe sweating;
temperature;
pallor;
flushing of the skin of the face - a strong blush;
tachycardia;
discomfort in the region of the heart;
noise in ears;
hearing loss;
nystagmus - a feeling that everything is spinning around.

How to stop vomiting? With such symptoms, it is unwise to try to cope with the condition on your own. Before the arrival of the ambulance, you need to solder the patient with special solutions to reduce dehydration. Further treatment will be aimed at eliminating inflammation. Antiemetic drugs may be used. Self-administration of such drugs is undesirable.

The chronic form can go unnoticed, the symptoms are mild. Systematic dizziness, even short-term ones, should be alarming. Nystagmus may change direction. Disturbance of coordination of movement from an inconspicuous tilt of the body to a fall, when it is difficult to get up without the help of outsiders.

Important! The state of nausea and lightheadedness does not accompany, bouts of vomiting do not even bring temporary relief from the condition and are not associated with meals.

Labyrinthitis can occur after a head injury if there has been damage to the integrity of the tympanic membrane, cracks in the skull.

Vomiting, diarrhea and fever are often manifested as a result of intoxication of the body against the background of pneumonia. Depending on the location of the focus of the disease, pneumonia is divided into types with different clinical presentations. In other words, with a certain order of states that the patient suffers.

Important! Most often, pneumonia is manifested by high fever, fever, excessive sweating and chills, which continues to intensify for 2-3 days. But there are also sluggish and undulating course of the disease without obvious signs.

Focal pneumonia affects a small part of the lungs. The patient complains of a prolonged cough with sputum, loss of strength, chest pain when breathing. The temperature usually does not reach extreme values, stable fever is not observed. The disease proceeds in waves: periods of improvement are replaced by fever with chills or short-term fever, a general deterioration in well-being.

Croupous inflammation has a characteristic feature - "rusty" sputum. The disease is accompanied by a high temperature, a dry cough turns into a wet one with an admixture of blood particles, which will determine the characteristic color of sputum. The fever lasts for a long time, sometimes for about 10 days. The decrease in temperature at times occurs sharply, at the same time blood pressure drops. The patient loses consciousness. There are also complaints of shortness of breath, painful breathing. Herpes may appear on the face. The patient looks haggard, with an unhealthy blush, the wings of the nose swell with each breath.

Viral pneumonia is characterized by a rapid development of events: high temperature up to 40 degrees, shortness of breath, excruciating dry cough, aching joints and headache. In some cases, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis join. SARS almost always provokes severe intoxication: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.

Important! The blue tint of the fingertips and areas of the face indicates sluggish pneumonia and is due to a lack of oxygen in the tissues.

A neglected cold is the cause of coughing up to vomiting. A provoking factor will be an attack of convulsions simultaneously with a contraction of the diaphragm. A large accumulation of viscous sputum that flows down the walls of the nasopharynx leads to a feeling of nausea. Swallowing sputum also causes an involuntary bout of vomiting. Obsessive cough with vomiting is observed in such diseases:

tracheitis;
bronchitis;
allergic reaction;
tuberculosis;
lungs' cancer;
bronchial asthma.

With colds, the sputum is clear, if the sputum is purulent (yellow-green) in color, then the cold is of a viral or bacterial origin. Bronchial asthma is the cause of yellow discharge from the nose, which is due to a high concentration of eosinophils - a subspecies of blood leukocytes.

Vomiting cough is a companion of many heavy smokers. Phlegm constantly accumulates in the nasopharynx. And if there is no desire to get rid of addiction, it is important to regularly examine the lungs and conduct supportive therapy.

Painful nausea without fever and diarrhea

Heart problems are often accompanied by nausea and bouts of vomiting. Violation of the pumping function of the heart muscle, in addition to nausea, is manifested by flatulence, constipation and other dispersion signs. Hypoxia leads to such a reaction of the body. There is not enough oxygen in the tissues of the digestive system. Structural changes in myocardial muscle fibers lead to tissue edema in the abdominal and thoracic region. Weak heart activity often provokes vomiting, as a side effect of medications.

Myocardial infarction for another 5 days may be preceded by excruciating nausea and vomiting. As well as a change in high blood pressure and tachycardia with a sharp drop in pressure. Increased shortness of breath, unreasonable fear and acute pain in the chest.

The so-called "gastric" or abdominal infarction is disguised as gastrointestinal problems. Symptoms:

pain in the epigastric region of a cutting nature;
nausea;
urge to vomit;
pain appears in the region of the stomach, grows rapidly, as with an ulcer or gastritis.

Important! Vomiting gives no relief. Usually before the patient complained of angina pectoris. Pain and vomiting occur regardless of food intake. Such differences can be excluded.

More often such attacks are subject to the weaker sex, since the diaphragm is slightly higher than in men and the lower part of the heart is located closer to the stomach. Typical signs of a heart attack are: burning pain, numbness of the limbs, pain in the shoulder, shoulder blade or jaw. But the asymptomatic course of an attack is not uncommon, sometimes nausea and vomiting for no particular reason become the only signs.

Endocrine diseases and possible causes of vomiting

The endocrine system is a complex mechanism of glands that are responsible for the work of all organs. Some failures are also manifested by vomiting and nausea. The most common ailments are listed below.

Vomiting in diabetes is a common symptom, and sometimes the only early sign of problems with glucose. Negligence to your health makes you ignore the symptoms. And at home it seems an acceptable measure.

Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough of the hormone insulin. Incorrect glucose metabolism in the body often causes vomiting, because the breakdown products are not fully excreted and accumulate. In plasma, the concentration of acetone increases. The person needs urgent help.

The deterioration occurs due to an increase or a sharp decrease in blood sugar. The reasons for these fluctuations are as follows:

the patient did not adhere to the schedule of insulin administration;
self-medication with drugs to control insulin in the blood;
hypoglycemia - a condition when blood sugar is less than normal;
a condition close to diabetes mellitus, without proper therapy, the disease will continue to progress;
gastroparesis - a violation of the peristalsis of the stomach, the organ has lost the ability to contract properly and food is delayed for a long time.

Any fluctuation in blood glucose levels is manifested by nausea. Hyperglycemia - high sugar levels, also provokes fainting, soreness in the chest on the left, decreased visual acuity. Low glucose levels can lead to cerebral edema. Then the vomiting center is under significant pressure, which provokes nausea. The patient also complains of weakness, convulsions, excessive hunger.

Important! Glucose levels can also decrease in a healthy person due to fasting, a strict diet, and prolonged overwork.

Ketoacidosis - insulin deficiency causes cells to get energy from fat stores. Which in turn leads to an increase in the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood. Intoxication causes nausea. A clear sign is the characteristic smell of acetone from the mouth.

Diabetes insipidus is a disease associated with a violation of the water balance of the body and is caused by a lack of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). There are three mechanisms for the formation of pathology:

central - the hypothalamus secretes an insufficient amount of the hormone;
dyspogenic - can also occur with a normal hormonal background, the cause is the influence of irritating factors (tumor, surgery) on thirst centers;
nephrogenic - kidney tissue becomes immune to the hormone.

Renal type of diabetes occurs only in men. The disease is associated with a deterioration in male libido and potency.

In women, diabetes insipidus is fraught with problems with the menstrual cycle, can cause infertility or miscarriages.

Important! Placental enzymes degrade ADH. Therefore, diabetes insipidus often accompanies pregnancy, starting from the 3rd trimester, and disappears after childbirth.

Main symptoms:

frequent and profuse urination more than 3 liters per day, can reach 15 liters;
insomnia due to frequent nightly visits to the toilet;
strong thirst, from 3-4 liters per day at a rate of 2 liters;
dry skin and mucous membranes - dry mouth;
nausea and vomiting;
convulsions appear;
mental disorders: apathy, irritability;
low performance;
the patient loses weight rapidly;
no appetite.

Important! The disease has clear symptoms, develops rapidly and can have severe consequences. Therefore, if there are complaints of thirst and copious urination along with vomiting, you should immediately consult a doctor.

In the composition of vomit in diabetes and diabetes insipidus, there is undigested food and / or bile.

What medicines to treat vomiting with motion sickness

Nearly 70% of all travelers have experienced motion sickness, at least as a child. 20% of adults never outgrow such a nuisance with age. In doctors' offices, this condition is called kinetosis. It is provoked by the reaction of the vestibular apparatus. Special receptors analyze the position of the head and the movement of the body in space. Sharp turns of the head are an irritant, the body reacts with reflex muscle contraction in order to maintain balance.

A person suffering from kinetosis is especially difficult to endure sharp turns, ascents / descents, braking / acceleration, takeoff / landing of an aircraft, turbulence, swaying on the waves while traveling by water. There are people who cannot tolerate all modes of transport, and for some there are acceptable travel options.

What to do for those who are prone to motion sickness? The recommendations are simple:

eat an hour or an hour and a half before the trip;
food should be light and satisfying: boiled chicken or buckwheat porridge;
give up sweets, carbonated drinks and dairy products;
you need to sit down in the direction of travel;
it is easier to endure the trip if you fall asleep or look straight ahead into the distance;
it is not recommended to read while driving, it is better to listen to music or an audiobook;
take special drugs for motion sickness.

Preparations for motion sickness and seasickness:

Experts consider the statement "outgrow" incorrect. Swinging may indicate a violation of arterial nutrition. The cerebellum, inner ear, eyes, receptors responsible for the contraction of muscles and ligaments, the thalamus and a number of brain centers are responsible for vestibular functions.

The above areas are supplied with blood mainly due to the branches of the vertebral artery. Insufficient blood flow can be the result of birth injuries, including caesarean section, as well as others. The displacement of bones even by a fraction of a millimeter during childbirth significantly impedes blood circulation. If such an injury has occurred, then it is the vertebral arteries that are compressed first of all. With a high degree of probability, such a child will get sick in transport.

As you get older, motion sickness goes away or is much easier to bear. This does not mean that the problem has disappeared. It's just that the brain functions better with age. But childhood trauma can manifest itself in a different way. Motion sickness can also be the result of a severe head injury or concussion in early childhood.

Motion sickness combined with dizziness is a reason to contact an osteopath. Children respond better to treatment. But adults should not ignore such a problem.

What to drink against vomiting in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

Each pathology of the gastrointestinal tract is characterized by characteristic sensations of vomiting and nausea, different in intensity, frequency, duration and composition of vomit.

Important! Do not take antiemetics on the advice of incompetent persons or pharmacists.

For gastritis with low acidity, vomiting is not characteristic. The patient constantly experiences obsessive nausea, which becomes worse after eating. The symptom is more pronounced if a person suffers from several diseases at the same time. Gastritis on the background of pancreatitis or cholecystitis.

Vomiting often worries patients with increased activity of gastric juice. The high content of hydrochloric acid corrodes the walls and vomiting is the only self-preservation mechanism of the stomach. It also happens with an ulcer, when hydrochloric acid, even in normal proportions, irritates the damaged areas of the walls. The vomit has a sour smell.

Aggravation of a stomach or duodenal ulcer is fraught with bleeding. Then there is vomiting with blood. Also during the day or the next day, tarry stools appear.

Inflammatory processes in the intestines are more accompanied by stool disorder, and vomiting and nausea signal an acute stage of the disease. For example, with intestinal obstruction. Stool and gas retention, absorption of toxic substances into the blood quickly worsen the condition, there is:

spasmodic or constant severe pain;
cold sweat appears, the skin is pale;
attacks of vomiting are frequent;
pulse is weak.

Without timely assistance, peritonitis develops. The patient will need hospitalization and surgery. In especially severe cases, feces can be thrown into the stomach and come out with vomiting.

In diseases of the liver and gallbladder, vomiting occurs against the background of a bitter taste in the mouth, yellowness of the skin and sclera of the eyes. Also, due to the activity of liver enzymes, the patient feels itchy skin. Bile is present in the vomit. Gallstone disease is the most common cause of vomiting.

The causes of gallstones in the sedimentation and compaction of heavy bile particles - read more in. The main constituents of bile are cholesterol, calcium salts and bilirubin. Stones interfere with the normal functioning of the gallbladder, impede its outflow, and worsen digestion. Too large formations are removed surgically.

The formation of stones contribute to:

excess weight;
long courses of hormonal drugs with estrogen, as well as some drugs with a pronounced side effect: octreotide, clofibrate, cyclosporine;
heredity;
frequent childbirth;
unfavorable climate;
high-calorie food and lack of fiber in the diet;
extreme weight loss on strict diets;
some pathologies: diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis, anemia, etc.;
bowel surgery.

Also, women are more prone to gallstone disease than men.

Vomiting drugs used in gastrointestinal disorders

Important! With repeated vomiting of unknown origin, it is forbidden to take antiemetics and painkillers until the ambulance arrives.

How to stop vomiting at home

In case of poisoning or overdose of drugs, the stomach should be washed. Salt solution works well. Washing is carried out until clear water comes out of the stomach.

Important! With a perforated ulcer or suspicion that the integrity of the walls of the stomach is broken, washing is contraindicated.

If vomiting is provoked by diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the nervous or cardiovascular system, or other diseases, then the patient is provided with the most comfortable conditions. They try to replenish the lost fluid before the ambulance arrives.

Regidron in case of poisoning and vomiting of another origin is a good remedy for soldering it hurts. A decoction of chamomile, rosehip, mint and lemon balm also soothes the stomach well.

Important! In case of drug overdose, keep the packaging and hand it over to the ambulance doctor.

For any repeated bouts of vomiting, going to the hospital or calling a doctor at home is a wise decision.

Anton Palaznikov

Gastroenterologist, therapist

Work experience more than 7 years.

Professional skills: diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and biliary system.