The cure for neurosis and stress. Neuroses symptoms in adults treatment drugs. Treatment of neurotic disorders

Episodic attacks of fear, anxiety, insecurity, nervous breakdowns occur in the life of almost every person. The reason for them is daily stress, from which no one is immune. However, often the nervous system gives serious failures. The state of anxiety is firmly rooted in the mind and becomes a constant companion of life. In this case, you can not do without the help of anti-anxiety drugs. This vast group of psychotropic drugs has been used for a very long time, but not everyone knows how anti-anxiety drugs work and when they should be taken.

What is anxiety and how does it manifest itself?

The state of anxiety is not just a state when a person is worried. With anxiety, many biochemical processes in his body, and above all, in the brain, change.

The source of anxiety is usually stress - the reaction of the nervous system to a difficult or conflict situation, external stimuli. If the stress is light and short-term, then it can even be beneficial for the body, like a kind of shake-up. However, heavy and repetitive stress brings undoubted harm.

With anxiety, a number of somatic symptoms are observed:

• cardiopalmus,
• rush of blood to the head
• hyperventilation or shallow breathing
• shiver,
• sweating,
• nausea,
• diarrhea,
• increased urge to urinate.

In addition to anxiety, stress leads to irritability, mental imbalance, decreased performance, and depression.

You can try to deal with anxiety and stress on your own. To do this, you need to bring more positive emotions into your life. They can be obtained from playing sports, communicating with people, hobbies. But these funds do not help everyone. In addition, stress can also arise due to objective factors, for example, in severe illnesses. In such cases, there is nothing left but to resort to the help of medications.

This method is no worse and no better than others. It is often believed that sedatives and anti-anxiety drugs are needed only for older people, and if an adult takes them, then he is either a weak-willed or a drug addict. But this opinion only testifies to medical illiteracy. The work of the nervous system is regulated not by abstract willpower, but by hormones and neurotransmitters, and in some cases biochemical disorders cannot be corrected otherwise than by medication. If a person takes sedatives or anti-anxiety drugs, then he is by no means a drug addict, and cannot become one. In that case, of course, if he complies with the prescriptions of the doctor and the instructions for the remedy prescribed by him.

Behavior modification is often necessary for children and adolescents whose nervous system is very vulnerable and does not have the necessary stability. Very often therapy is required for such nervous disorders in children as hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder, neurosis, rheumatic fever. Women due to hormonal disruptions can also be prone to disorders of the nervous system. Especially often this manifests itself in the form of premenstrual syndrome. At the same time, ladies may experience nervous breakdowns, unmotivated outbursts of aggression.

Of course, you should not rely too much on pills. Treatment of anxiety conditions should be comprehensive and also include lifestyle changes and psychotherapeutic methods.

How do anti-anxiety drugs work?

Human emotions, including anxiety and fear, are controlled by different parts of the brain. But the most important among them is the limbic system - a complex of brain regions, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus.

Anxiety and fear are among the negative emotions. Therefore, in order to suppress them, it is necessary to weaken the influence of the limbic system on the human psyche.

This effect on the limbic system and carry out anti-anxiety drugs (tranquilizers). They also have other effects:

• sedative,
• muscle relaxant (relaxing muscles),
• anticonvulsant,
• hypnotic.

The anti-anxiety (anxiolytic) effect of drugs in this group is explained by the effect on the benzodiazepine receptors of brain cells, and through them - on the GABA receptors that inhibit the nervous system.

The muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant effects are explained by the fact that tranquilizers also act on the cells of the spinal cord and inhibit some spinal reflexes.

The depressing effect on the limbic system means that anxiolytics suppress not only negative emotions - fear, anger, anxiety, but also most of the positive ones. The effects of anti-anxiety drugs bring a person into a state of calm and serenity. At the same time, tranquilizers do not affect the cognitive sphere of activity of the brain, do not affect memory. However, the speed of reactions and attentiveness is usually reduced.

Some anxiolytics also have a mild analgesic effect, antiemetic effect, relieve itching.

Anti-anxiety and sedative drugs have a normalizing effect on the autonomic nervous system. Due to this property, they often help to reduce tachycardia, get rid of trembling in the hands, excessive sweating, diarrhea and flatulence.

Most tranquilizers come in tablet form. However, tranquilizers can also be used parenterally.

History of anti-anxiety drugs

Another name for anti-anxiety drugs is anxiolytics. This word in Latin means literally "easing anxiety." Another term often used to refer to anti-anxiety medications is “tranquilizers.” The word tranquilizer comes from the Latin "tranquillo", which means "sedation".

The first tranquilizers were substances of the benzodiazepine class, synthesized in the mid-1950s. First came such drugs as chlordiazepoxide and diazepam. A new class of drugs quickly won the recognition of doctors - psychotherapists, psychiatrists and neurologists, because benzodiazepines had a powerful anxiolytic and sedative effect. Now the lists of tranquilizers have been replenished with the names of many new compounds. And although many anti-anxiety drugs have been created that do not belong to the benzodiazepine class, the latter still retain their importance.

Side effects of anti-anxiety drugs

Nothing is perfect in this world, and tranquilizers are no exception. Shortly after benzodiazepines appeared, some of their shortcomings were discovered. First, it is a number of side effects inherent in them. For the most part, these are effects that are not life-threatening, but seriously reduce a person's ability to work. First of all, this is excessive sedation, increased drowsiness and lethargy, and a decrease in the rate of reactions. This leads to the fact that taking benzodiazepines is contraindicated for those who drive vehicles, complex machines and mechanisms, people involved in work that requires concentration and high reaction speed.

Other possible side effects of benzodiazepines include:

• confusion (especially in the elderly),
• depression,
• dry mouth
• slurred speech
• development of hallucinatory psychoses.

Elderly patients are most sensitive to the side effects of benzodiazepines.

Another important drawback of tranquilizers is rapid addiction. This means that over time the dose has to be increased, otherwise the therapeutic effect will not be achieved. In addition, many tranquilizers can lead to drug dependence. Approximately half of patients who take benzodiazepines continuously for 4-6 months develop drug dependence. Dependence on benzodiazepines most easily develops in patients suffering from alcohol and drug dependence, in people suffering from psychopathy and prone to the formation of psychological dependence.

With the termination of long-term therapy with benzodiazepines, a withdrawal syndrome often develops. It can be expressed in the following symptoms:

• agitation,
• insomnia,
• capriciousness,
• irritability,
• sweating,
• shiver,
• nausea,
• convulsions (in severe cases).

Therefore, benzodiazepine therapy should not be stopped abruptly when it comes to long-term therapy. The dose of the drug is reduced gradually. If therapy lasted no more than 2 weeks, then its cancellation does not entail any consequences.

All these factors have led to the fact that, according to WHO recommendations, benzodiazepine tranquilizers are not recommended for continuous use for a long time (more than 2-3 weeks). If there is a need for a longer reception, then the course of treatment should be interrupted for several days.

This does not apply to the light and daytime tranquilizer groups. They can be taken continuously for several weeks, or even months, with a doctor's prescription.

If the patient has a history of dependence on benzodiazepines, it is recommended to prescribe antidepressants instead.

However, antidepressants and mild tranquilizers do not have an immediate response, unlike benzodiazepines. The therapeutic effect with the use of mild tranquilizers and antidepressants develops for at least 2 weeks. Also, antidepressants of the SSRI and TCA groups can cause an increase in anxiety symptoms at the very beginning of the intake.

Atypical tranquilizers

There are tranquilizers that are not similar in chemical structure to benzodiazepines, and also favorably differ from them in that they do not have severe side effects and have a completely different mechanism of action.

One such substance is hydroxyzine. This is a rather old remedy, a derivative of diphenylmethane, created back in the 50s, and therefore it cannot be attributed to a new generation of anti-anxiety agents. Compared with benzodiazepines, the drug does not cause addiction and dependence.

Another interesting remedy is buspirone. The drug differs from other tranquilizers in that it does not act on benzodiazepine or GABA receptors, but on serotonin receptors. This drug is also non-addictive and non-addictive. But it also does not lead to drowsiness, lethargy and lethargy.

Meprobamate also belongs to tranquilizers with an atypical mechanism of action. The drug also does not belong to the number of benzodiazepines. According to the chemical structure, meprobamate is a derivative of propanediol. Meprobomate is one of the very first compounds to be used as a tranquilizer.

Can anti-anxiety medications be sold without a prescription?

Anxiolytics are not sold in pharmacies without prescriptions. The only exception is Afobazole, which belongs to the group of light tranquilizers. Almost all tranquilizers belong to the category of psychoactive substances. Therefore, according to the laws, they must be dispensed by prescription. Over-the-counter sedatives can be a definite replacement for prescription anti-anxiety medications:

• Corvalol;
• Validol;
• herbal preparations and dietary supplements based on motherwort, St. John's wort, valerian and other medicinal plants;
• vitamin complexes containing zinc and magnesium.

Particular attention should be paid to herbal medicines:

• Persen,
• Novo-Passit,
• Motherwort-Forte,
• Deprim.

Most of them, when used regularly, can help with anxiety conditions of mild severity, mild stress.

New generations of anti-anxiety drugs and daytime tranquilizers

Recently, successful attempts have been made to develop new anxiolytics that do not belong to the benzodiazepine class. The properties of some old compounds are also being re-investigated. This is due to the fact that many doctors are not satisfied with the shortcomings of traditional tranquilizers, which make them unsuitable for continuous use. The result of the activities of researchers was the emergence of a group of so-called daytime tranquilizers. This name is not accidental. Most drugs from the list of daytime anxiolytics do not cause daytime lethargy and drowsiness in patients, do not slow down reactions. And this means that daytime tranquilizers can be used to treat people who lead an active lifestyle, those who drive a car. Daytime tranquilizers also do not cause drug dependence and addiction in the patient.

The main names of daytime tranquilizers:

• tofisopam (Grandaxin),
• alprazolam,
• tazepam,
• buspirone,

How tranquilizers are selected

There are many factors at play here. Firstly, it is a complex of the patient's symptoms, his diagnosis, the severity of the disease. Much depends on the properties of the drug itself. First of all, doctors pay attention to the time of onset of action and the half-life. If the agent begins to act quickly and has a short half-life, then it is well suited for sedation and as a sleeping pill. Also, benzodiazepines with a rapid onset of action are more suitable for relieving episodic panic attacks. For the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, benzodiazepines with a long half-life are more suitable. Other advantages of benzodiazepines with a long half-life are the ease of changing the dose, as well as the ease of discontinuation of the drug after long-term treatment.

Pharmacokinetic parameters of some benzodiazepines

Other groups of psychotropic drugs

Not only anxiolytics belong to the class of psychotropic drugs. Affect the nervous system and other types of drugs:

• sedatives,
• neuroleptics,
• normotimics,
• antidepressants,
• sleeping pills.

Many of these medicines can also relieve a person from anxiety, stress, and fear.

Sedative drugs

The sedative drugs most often include drugs based on plant extracts:

• menthol,
• valerian,
• passionflower,
• hypericum,
• motherwort,
• melissa,
• hops.

Extracts from this list have long been used in folk medicine as sedatives.

Some synthetic substances, such as phenobarbital, are also effective sedative drugs. There are also some antihistamine drugs with a pronounced sedative effect, for example, Diphenhydramine.

The difference between sedative drugs and tranquilizers is largely arbitrary. However, as a rule, sedative drugs are dispensed without a prescription, but for the purchase of anxiolytics, a doctor's permission is required.

The most popular sedatives:

• valerian extract,
• motherwort extract,
• Corvalol (Valocordin),
• Validol,
• Novo-passit,
• Persen.

Used as sedatives and other herbal preparations. They are usually easier to tolerate by the body, do not overload the liver and kidneys. However, here one must be careful, as many herbal remedies can cause an allergic reaction.

sleeping pills

Sleeping pills are not usually used to relieve anxiety and stress. They are intended for the treatment of sleep disorders. However, often bad is one of the factors leading to the emergence of neurotic disorders. Therefore, as part of the complex therapy of anxiety conditions, hypnotics can be used.

Synthetic hypnotics used to treat sleep disorders include:

• Zopiclone,
• Donormil,
• Diphenhydramine,
• Trittiko.

Many tranquilizers, such as fenozepam, also have a strong hypnotic effect.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants are often confused with tranquilizers. However, antidepressants have a very different mechanism of action. They affect the concentration in the nerve circuits of the most important neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. However, many antidepressants can also be used to treat anxiety and stress disorders. However, very often doctors prescribe two medications at once - a classic tranquilizer and an antidepressant. The fact is that the effect of antidepressants develops slowly over several weeks. These drugs are more suitable for the treatment of chronic anxiety disorders than benzodiazepine tranquilizers. This is due to the fact that antidepressants do not cause dependence and addiction when taken for a long time, unlike tranquilizers. However, they are not without a withdrawal syndrome, so a long course of antidepressant treatment should be interrupted gradually, with the help of a gradual dose reduction.

Antipsychotics

Antipsychotics are not used to treat anxiety disorders. Their purpose is to relieve symptoms caused by acute psychoses - delusions and hallucinations. Often antipsychotics are used in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, antipsychotics were also formerly called tranquilizers, more precisely, major tranquilizers. But in relation to anxiolytics, the term small tranquilizers was used. However, now such a division of psychotropic substances into small and large tranquilizers is outdated.

Normotimics

Normotimics are a group of compounds that are often used in bipolar disorders. Their purpose is to smooth out the mood swings typical of bipolar affective disorders. They can also be used in the treatment of depression. Normotimics prevent both the appearance of extreme euphoria and depression, despondency, apathy.

Nootropics

Nootropics enhance metabolism in brain cells, improve cerebral circulation. Thus, they increase brain activity, increase memory, and normalize thinking. Many nootropics can also be prescribed for stress, anxiety disorders. And some drugs combine the properties of anxiolytic and nootropic, for example, Phenibut.

Vitamins and trace elements

Vitamins and active biological substances can also be prescribed by neuropathologists, but as part of a comprehensive treatment. Vitamins D, B12, magnesium, zinc are useful for strengthening the nervous system. With a lack in the body of such complex compounds involved in the work of brain cells, like tryptophan, dietary supplements containing them are prescribed.

Beta blockers

Beta blockers do not directly affect the nervous system. However, they are also often used for anxiety disorders. Beta-blockers block the effects of adrenaline on the body and stop many of the symptoms associated with anxiety: increased heart rate, increased sweating.

Indications for anti-anxiety medications

First of all, they are designed to rid a person of negative emotions - anxiety, fear, anxiety, to reduce emotional tension. Tranquilizers also help reduce obsessive thoughts, hypochondria.

They are prescribed mainly for pathologies of the nervous system:

• anxiety disorders (all types),
• brief episodes of anxiety
• anxiety and depression,
• neurosis,
• neurotic states,
• aggression
• fears
• stress,
• nervous tension,
• phobias
• mild nervous excitability
• post-traumatic stress disorder.

Anxiolytics are also used for psychotic disorders, psychosis, obsessive-compulsive disorder. Anti-anxiety and sedative drugs with a pronounced antihistamine effect (Atarax, Diphenhydramine) are used for allergic reactions, skin itching.

In children, tranquilizers are used for neurosis, hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder, enuresis, nightmares, stuttering, rheumochorrhea.

Anxiolytics are also used as part of the treatment of withdrawal symptoms in alcoholism and substance abuse, in menopausal and premenstrual syndromes, chronic fatigue syndrome, and migraines.

The hypnotic properties of anxiolytics make it possible to prescribe them for the treatment of sleep disorders. With these disorders, tranquilizers help lengthen night sleep, make it deeper, allowing the brain to fully rest. The most strongly hypnotic properties are manifested in such tranquilizers as nitrazepam, flunitrazepam, midazolam. The muscle relaxant properties of tranquilizers are used for convulsions and spasms, tetanus, cerebral palsy, excessive muscle tension, and motor agitation. Tranquilizers are also characterized by a decrease in the epileptogenic activity of the brain.

The vegetative-stabilizing function of tranquilizers is also distinguished. It is expressed in the normalization of the activity of the autonomic nervous system. The vegetative-stabilizing activity of tranquilizers leads to a decrease in autonomic symptoms of anxiety (tachycardia, hypertension, sweating). Almost all tranquilizers also have a sympatholytic and mild hypotensive effect, increase the threshold of pain sensitivity.

Anxiolytics are also used for premedication (preparing the patient for operations), as a component of complex anesthesia, to eliminate stress in severe somatic diseases, in psychosomatic diseases (stomach ulcer), as part of the complex treatment of cardiovascular diseases, with pain syndrome.

When tranquilizers are ineffective

Tranquilizers are not effective for delusional, hallucinatory and affective disorders, which can also often be accompanied by fear and anxiety. However, when using antipsychotics, tranquilizers may also be prescribed to prevent their side effects.

Contraindications

Tranquilizers include many drugs with different mechanisms of action. Therefore, contraindications will be individual for each compound. But, as a rule, tranquilizers should not be taken with myasthenia gravis (muscle weakness), respiratory depression, severe liver failure, glaucoma, suicidal tendencies.

Many drugs should not be taken during pregnancy and lactation, in childhood. However, the opinion that any anxiolytics are contraindicated in children is completely unfounded. This is far from true. A number of drugs really can not be used in childhood. However, there are also drugs that can be prescribed to children from a certain age. In this case, a naturally lower dosage is used than in adults. Therefore, if the doctor has prescribed a course of tranquilizers for your child, then this is not a reason to panic. By themselves, tranquilizers in the required dose do not affect the development of the child's brain, do not reduce his intelligence, unlike many diseases of the nervous system, to which children are no less susceptible than adults.

Interaction of tranquilizers with other substances

Tranquilizers enhance the effect of many psychotropic substances. These include antipsychotics, hypnotics and sedatives, antidepressants, histamine receptor blockers. Tranquilizers also enhance the effect of many antihypertensive drugs.

Tranquilizers are incompatible with alpha- and beta-agonists, M-cholinomimetics, psychostimulants. Tranquilizers enhance the inhibitory effect of beta-blockers on the central nervous system.

Many tranquilizers are incompatible with alcohol, since when they are taken, the inhibitory effect of alcohol on the nervous system is enhanced. This can lead to serious consequences, including respiratory depression and loss of consciousness.

Phenazepam

Anxiolytic of the benzodiazepine class, developed in the Soviet Union. In addition to anxiolytic, it also has muscle relaxant, hypnotic and anticonvulsant effects. Anxiolytic action is predominant. Available in tablets with a dosage of 0.5 and 1 mg. Has a high speed of action. It is indicated for emotional lability, fears, anxiety, irritability, emotional overstrain. Contraindicated in childhood.

Afobazole

Light or daytime tranquilizer. These sedative pills are recommended for continuous use, for several months. Afobazole is the only anxiolytic that can be purchased in Russian pharmacies without a prescription. Recommended for mild anxiety, treatment of menopausal syndrome. Afobazol has practically no side effects, it has no sedative effect, it does not cause drowsiness and can be used by patients driving vehicles. Dosage - 1 tablet 3 times a day.

Corvalol

Despite its reputation as a heart remedy, Corvalol is predominantly a sedative. The sedative effect is provided by phenobarbital, which is part of Corvalol. Also, the drug has a mild vasodilating and hypnotic effect. Available in the form of a solution or tablets. One of the few synthetic sedatives that can be purchased at pharmacies without a prescription. Corvalol is also popular due to its affordable price. Doctors, however, warn against the constant use of Corvalol for the treatment of anxiety, because phenobarbital has many side effects and causes drug addiction. Corvalol can only be used as a one-time sedative in a situation associated with severe stress or anxiety.

Novo-Passit

Means based on a mixture of medicinal herbs (valerian, St. John's wort, lemon balm, hops, passionflower, elderberry, hawthorn). It has a sedative and hypnotic effect, helps to increase resistance to stress. It is used to treat mild nervous disorders, neurasthenia, fatigue, mild insomnia, migraine, vegetative-vascular dystonia, dermatoses. It is necessary to take 3 tablets for 2 weeks. Contraindications - age up to 12 years, epilepsy, myasthenia gravis.

Persen has a composition similar to Novo-Passit. True, it has fewer herbal components, but the indications for taking both drugs are similar.

Atarax

The active substance is hydroxyzine, which belongs to anxiolytics of a non-benzodiazepine nature. Available in tablets of 25 mg. It has moderate anti-anxiety, antipruritic, sedative, antiemetic, antihistamine effects. The usual dosage is 25 mg per day at night, the maximum daily dosage is 100 mg. The tool is used for anxiety, sleep disorders, skin itching, for premedication. The drug can be used in children from 3 years. Does not cause addiction and dependence.

Tofisopam

The tool is also available under the brand name Grandaxin. These psychotropic pills are classified as mild/daytime tranquilizers. The drug is not addictive or addictive. It has a slight anti-anxiety effect. Improves mood, increases efficiency. Dosage - 50-100 mg 1-3 times a day.

Phenibut

The tool combines the properties of anxiolytic and nootropic. Indications:

• anxiety states,
• neurasthenia,
• insomnia,
• anxiety,
• fear,
• mild depression,
• dizziness.

The minimum course of treatment with the drug is 2 weeks. Dosage - 3 times a day for 0.5 g.

Mental disorders are a pathological condition that is diagnosed in many people regardless of age, gender and profession. The cause of the disease is most often constant stress, malnutrition. Calming agents for depression and neurosis help to reduce the symptoms of the disease, return the person to a full-fledged lifestyle.

Neurosis destroys the patient's psyche - he cannot calmly be in society, communicate with other people, progressing the disease, provokes the development of physiological disorders. Drug treatment of depression blocks a panic attack, thereby preventing the development of pathologies of internal systems and organs.

A patient suffering from psychological disorders is disturbed by unpleasant symptoms, which can be divided into the following categories:

1. Pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Discomfort is noted in the region of the heart muscle, the pulse quickens, pressure rises, it is difficult for the patient to breathe, and blood is ejected unevenly.
2. neurological diseases. With neurosis, the patient feels an unpleasant trembling in the body, numbness of the limbs, dizziness, he is disturbed by migraine attacks, sleep problems.
3. Gastroenterological disorders. The depressive state negatively affects the working capacity, the structure of the digestive tract. Appears dry mouth, dyspeptic disorders, expressed in diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, spasms.

The degree of symptoms of physical disorders varies from person to person. If the patient went to the doctor at an advanced stage of the disease, the specialist will recommend medications for depression, taking into account the general condition of the patient, the nature of the psychological disorder.

Depression destroys the human psyche

Features of drug therapy

When taking pills to calm the nerves, you must follow all the doctor's recommendations. The treatment of depression with medication is based on the following principles:

1. Determine the cause of the disease: the patient should tell the psychiatrist or neurologist about the symptoms that bother him. Sometimes people hide something, believing that it is not important, which greatly complicates the diagnosis of depression, and does not allow the doctor to really assess the patient's condition, identify the cause of neurosis and quickly cure the disease.
2. Get ready for long-term therapy. Starting the treatment of the disease, a person should be aware that the recovery process will take 6-12 months. The main disadvantage of antidepressants is a slow action, in order to neutralize the symptoms of neurosis, you should wait until the active substance accumulates in the blood plasma in the required concentration.
3. With depression, it is difficult to choose which drugs will be the safest and most effective, sometimes you need to change sedatives several times to achieve the desired result.
4. Do not stop taking medications until the end of the course of therapy. Most patients stop their antidepressant treatment as soon as their symptoms disappear. Until complete recovery, drugs are used according to the scheme, with a decrease in dosage, otherwise the condition can only worsen. With the gradual withdrawal of the drug, the nervous system begins to produce the required amount of hormones and function without maintenance therapy.
5. The treatment of neurosis is based not only on pills - antipsychotics, tranquilizers or antidepressants will help eliminate the symptoms of the disease, but will not save the patient from the cause that provoked the development of the disease. It is necessary to identify and neutralize the annoying factor - it can be negative emotions, constant stress, lack of vitamins, minerals, overstrain, hormonal disruptions in the human body, somatic pathologies.

In addition to determining the causes of neurotic symptoms, a patient suffering from depression should undergo a course of psychotherapy that will help to understand what his problems are, learn to overcome them without harming his emotional state. A person must change the daily routine, get rid of addictions, master the relaxation technique.

A neurologist or psychotherapist should be aware of the recommendations of other specialists. Some drugs for depression may increase or decrease the effect of other drugs.

The principle of action of tablets against neurosis

The work of antidepressants is to increase the amount of neurotransmitters - hormones in the brain. The drug, gradually accumulating in the tissues, blood plasma, contributes to the growth of its volume. To obtain the desired result, it is necessary to use the drug for a long time - from 2 weeks to several months.

It is not recommended to take pills for depression without prescriptions, the dosage should be recommended by a neurologist. This will achieve the desired therapeutic effect. Even if the patient feels well, it is impossible to abruptly refuse the drug, otherwise a withdrawal syndrome may develop.

When sedatives for depression are canceled by the attending physician, he does this according to a scheme that allows you to first reduce the dosage, and then minimize it. Antidepressants are not as addictive as alcohol and tobacco smoke, but patients who refuse treatment face unpleasant symptoms:

• unbearable body aches;
• indigestion;
• elevated temperature;
• weakness, malaise;
• pre-cold or feverish condition;
• excessive excitability;
• bouts of dizziness;
• state of anxiety;
• nightmares, hallucinations.

Treatment with drugs of various groups should be carried out taking into account the clinical picture of the disease, the presence of chronic pathologies and the neglect of depression. The main goal of drug therapy is to relieve the intensity of the symptoms of neurosis.

Neurotransmitters are biologically active chemicals that transmit electrochemical impulses between neurons.

Types of medications against neuroses

What over-the-counter pills for disorders of the nervous system should be taken, you can ask your doctor. Pharmacological drugs prescribed for depression are classified into several categories:

1. Sedative drugs. Suppress panic attacks, anxiety, fear. Preparations restore the emotional state, increase the effect of psychotherapy.
2. Antidepressants. They eliminate the depressive syndrome that can complicate the course of the disease and complicate its treatment. Preparations of this group strengthen the emotional state, contribute to the rapid restoration of the nervous system.
3. Tranquilizers. They treat a complicated form of the disease that occurs against the background of systematic attacks, severe symptoms. Medicines eliminate anxiety, restore the psychological state of the patient.
4. Antipsychotics. They are prescribed in the case when complex therapy with the use of antidepressants and tranquilizers is not effective.
5. Homeopathic medicines and vitamins. They do not have a special effect on the development of pathology, but have a positive effect on the psychological, physical condition of a person suffering from neurosis.

All remedies for depression have their own characteristics, have a different effect on the human body. The appropriateness of their use is established by the psychotherapist, as well as the duration of therapy and dosage.

Treatment of neurosis with sedatives

Calming pills help to achieve relaxation, reduce nervousness, suppress fear, anxiety, panic attacks. Their task is to improve the psycho-emotional state of the patient, to ensure the effectiveness of psychotherapy. Sedative drugs are divided into sedatives of plant origin, bromide, barbiturates, magnesium salts.

The most effective natural medicines are:

1. Valerian tincture and tablets.
2. Means based on passionflower incarnate.
3. Peony or motherwort tincture.
4. Valoserdin, Novopassit.
5. "Sedariston", "Fitosed".

Barbiturates depress the excited central nervous system, have anticonvulsant and hypnotic effects. The best drugs in this group: Phenobarbital, Hexobarbital, Barbamil.

Bromides are based on potassium or sodium salts, as well as hydrobromic acid. They have calming properties, activate neurological processes in the brain. Medicines are not intended for long-term use. The fixed assets include: powder of potassium or sodium bromide, the preparation "Bromcamphor".

Anti-anxiety drugs can help you relax, suppress fear and anxiety

Treatment of neuroses with antidepressants

Diagnosed depression requires proper therapy with potent drugs. Unlike simple sedatives that have a short sedative effect, the goal of antidepressants is to completely neutralize the syndrome. The proper effect is achieved 7-14 days after the start of treatment.

In medical practice, they use:

• tricyclic drugs: Melipramine, Amitriptyline, Anafranil, Azafen, Opipramol. They have a good antidepressant effect. A positive result is observed after 1-2 weeks from the start of therapy. Restrictions on use - age from 40 years and older, due to numerous side effects that have a negative effect on blood vessels, the heart;
• tetracyclic drugs: "Tetrindol", "Inkazan", "Pyrazidol". They have a less pronounced effect on the central nervous system, in comparison with antidepressants of the first group, but are safe for the body and have a limited number of undesirable effects. They can be taken by patients regardless of age;
• serotonin reverse synthesis inhibitors: Paxil, Fluoxetine. According to the therapeutic effect, they are comparable with the drugs of the tricyclic group, but have a slight toxic effect. The desired result from taking medications is achieved only 3 weeks after the start of therapy.

All drugs for depression have a stimulating or calming effect and are prescribed by a doctor taking into account the symptoms of neurosis. Patients suffering from excessive excitability are contraindicated in drugs that have a stimulating effect on the central nervous system ("Melipramin"), which are used in inhibited states.

Melipramine is contraindicated in patients suffering from excessive excitability

Tranquilizers for depression

At the beginning of treatment, the patient may be disturbed by bouts of dizziness, nausea, drowsiness, weakness, but adapting, the body begins to get used to the active substance, side effects disappear.

Tranquilizers have numerous contraindications for taking them, you should consult a doctor before using them. It is unacceptable to exceed the recommended dosage in order to prevent unpleasant consequences.

List of the most popular tranquilizers:

1. The medicine "Phenazepam".
2. Means "Librium".
3. The drug "Nitrazepam".
4. Tablets "Adaptol".

The drugs of this group differ in their action and power and are prescribed taking into account the individual characteristics of each patient. One of the most effective tranquilizers is Librium. With depressive neurosis and phobias, you can take "Phenazepam", if you are worried about insomnia - "Nitrazepam".

Tranquilizers can cause bouts of dizziness, nausea, and drowsiness

Treatment of mental disorders with neuroleptics

Powerful drugs against depression are used in complex therapy for the treatment of various forms of the pathological syndrome. Medicines of this group are used if antidepressants and tranquilizers have not had the necessary effect. Powerful remedies for mental disorders include:

• medicine "Sonapax";
• drug "Aminazine";
• tablets "Melleril";
• means "Thiodazine".

Antipsychotics have many prohibitions for use and side effects. It is necessary to use drugs of this group only on the recommendation of a doctor.

Vitamin therapy and homeopathy for neuroses

Treatment of depression with homeopathy requires a special approach to the choice of medications. Medicines of this group are prescribed in the presence of the following indications:

1. Hysteria: Tarantula, Ignatia, Platinum, Asafoetida, Pulsatilla.
2. Signs of neurasthenia: Indica Cannabis, Agaricus, Belladonna, Phosphorus, Stramonium.
3. Hypostenic neurosis: "Konium", "Acidum picrinicum", "Acidum phosphoricum".
4. Obsessive states: "Hina", "Silicea", "Arsenicum album".
5. Psychasthenia: Causticum, Calcium carbonicum, Graphites.

Vitamins in mental disorders play a key role in restoring the central nervous system. In the presence of depression, the brain needs recharge. The beneficial substances of group B have the best effect. Due to their lack, beriberi can develop in the body.

Vitamin therapy plays a key role in the restoration of the central nervous system

Vitamins such as glycine, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, tocopherol, and rutin are also useful for the brain. Complete nutrition (oranges, bananas, nuts, dairy products, greens, cabbage, buckwheat rice) and special multivitamin complexes will help to fill their deficiency.

With neurosis and depression, medications are prescribed that can reduce the intensity of the symptoms of the disease and prepare the nervous system for psychotherapy. Neurological manifestations should be removed at the first signs of pathology.

Prevention of stress and depression

Sometimes a disease is easier to prevent than to treat. If a person develops apathy, he becomes irritable, measures should be taken as soon as possible to eliminate unpleasant discomfort. The best cure for depression is:

• do not go into yourself and communicate more with family and friends;
• reduce physical, mental stress;
• make the right daily routine with good rest;
• you can’t blame yourself for failures, you need to accept defeats with dignity;
• swimming, fitness, jogging in the morning will strengthen the body and cheer you up.

Neurosis is an unpleasant pathological condition that can cause many problems, cause complications that are dangerous for a person. Only timely diagnosis and effective treatment will help get rid of neurological symptoms.

A medicine for depression and stress should be prescribed by a doctor after a conversation with the patient and a full examination. In the presence of chronic diseases, it is necessary to take into account the effect of antidepressants on their course.

One of the manifestations of neurosis is the tendency to perform such conditional rituals as excessively frequent washing and processing of hands in order to prevent infection, fear of eating in public places in order to avoid unforeseen situations, the desire to isolate even from close friends. The behavioral factor becomes the basis for starting to take at least pills for neurosis: this will help relieve tension and psycho-emotional hypertonicity, normalize sleep and change the line of thinking.

What is the essence of the disease, and what types of treatment are relevant?

The disease destroys the integrity of a person's personality - he is deprived of the opportunity to calmly stay in society, and pathology, as it progresses, becomes the root cause of physical disorders. In this case, drug treatment of neurosis directly stops the panic attack, which prevents the development of pathologies of organs and systems. A person suffering from neurosis is disturbed by symptoms classified into the following groups:

• Cardiovascular disorders. Pain is noted in the projection of the heart; the pulse is quickened; there is an increase in blood pressure; the release of blood is carried out with an unequal period of time; a person experiences a feeling of lack of air, he needs to take an additional breath.
• neurological disorders. A patient with neurosis is disturbed by paresthesias - an imaginary sensation of goosebumps on the body; there is numbness of the limbs; dizziness is observed; headaches, often migraine-like; insomnia.
• Gastroenterological disorders. Neurosis is always reflected in the state of the digestive tract - not only the functional activity of its organs changes, but also in some individual cases - the state of the structure. There is dryness of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, dyspeptic disorders, expressed in bouts of nausea (almost always it ends with vomiting), diarrhea, pain syndrome.

The degree of manifestation of bodily disorders in different patients varies. If the patient (or his relatives) sought qualified medical help at a time when the disease was already in an advanced state, the specialist prescribes drugs for neurosis, which, according to the principle of their effect and the spectrum of the therapeutic effect, are conditionally divided into four categories: antidepressants, tranquilizers , neuroleptics and nootropics.

When do antidepressants help?

The antidepressants offered by the modern pharmaceutical industry are the most effective drugs for neurosis. They have an impact on the psycho-emotional state of a person, due to which anxiety, excitement, fear, and a panic attack are relieved. They also contribute to the effective elimination of pathological focus on rituals. Due to the fact that this group of drugs relieves stress and anxiety, the manifestations of a vegetative nature are reduced or completely eliminated.

Psychotherapy sessions will help to consolidate the positive result that antidepressants provide for neurosis - regular visits to a specialist allow the patient to soon change the line of his thinking. A feature of the impact of these drugs is the almost complete suppression of fear, so a person is not deprived of the opportunity to independently go out into the street, engage in labor activities.

Only a psychotherapist or psychiatrist can select specific antidepressants, plan a therapeutic approach and control its implementation. Unauthorized treatment with drugs is impossible for two reasons: it poses a threat to human health and life, this group of drugs is not freely available - they are sold strictly on prescription. Some of the most popular antidepressants include:

Each medicine for neurosis begins to be taken with a minimum dose. The doctor monitors the dynamics of the mental state, as well as the degree of tolerance of a particular drug. If there is no deterioration in well-being, the specialist can adjust the initially prescribed dose, slightly increasing it. The therapeutic effect is achieved not earlier than in 1.5-2 weeks. At the beginning of the treatment, the patient may experience an exacerbation of psychiatric pathology - an intense, persistent fear develops. Some psychiatrists, when treating patients with neurosis, prescribe a combination of antidepressants with other psychotropic substances to stop such symptoms of neurosis, and prescribe tranquilizer pills to treat it. A positive result is achieved from the first day of using the prescribed combination of drugs.

In what cases do tranquilizers help?

According to the pharmacological action, tranquilizers perform five important functions: they provide a hypnotic effect, relax muscle tension, calm, eliminate anxiety, prevent the development of seizures. A psychotherapist prescribes these drugs for neurosis and depression in cases where the condition is complicated by fear and increasing anxiety. Medications effectively relieve psycho-emotional stress, help normalize sleep. The active substances of tranquilizers inhibit the centers of the brain that predetermine the emotional sphere: the hypothalamus, the reticular formation of the brain stem, and the thalamic nuclei.

Only a doctor can prescribe which pills to drink for obsessive-compulsive disorder. These drugs include:

Depending on the degree of the disorder, injections are also prescribed for neuroses. In most cases, this is sibazon. The drug has a pronounced sedative property, it is administered only with a doctor's prescription, and the patient is under the control of a psychiatrist. It should be noted that this drug must not be combined with the use of alcohol.

In the form of injections, the specialist also prescribes amizil. The drug has both positive aspects and a high probability of developing side effects: they are expressed in the development of disorders of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Most often, it is insomnia, a euphoric state, an increased heartbeat.

In what cases do I help neuroleptics?

Antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of neurosis have a significant effect on the body, since they have a pronounced antipsychotic effect. Medicines of this group contribute to the relief of fear, which reduces tension. Therefore, antipsychotic drugs are widely used for neuroses and depressions, in which depression of the psycho-emotional state is noted.

In terms of their pharmacological properties, drugs of this group resemble those drugs that were used in psychiatric practice in previous centuries - they were based on bromine and caffeine. The modern pharmaceutical market offers drugs that have a more pronounced therapeutic effect without developing side effects.

When is Nootropic Treatment Necessary?

Any drug of this group is the best remedy for neurosis only when the pathology is in the initial stage of its development. Psychotropic drugs have a strong positive effect on the functional ability of the brain, making it more resistant to the harmful effects of irritating factors. They increase the level of intellectual activity of the patient, the indicators of his mental abilities improve, the problems of impaired concentration of attention are gradually eliminated, the ability to remember is normalized.

The following drugs are distinguished for the treatment of neurosis in adults:

Due to the mild antidepressant effect, nootropics are successfully used to correct the condition of patients with psychomotor retardation, apathy; allow to saturate the brain tissue with oxygen, preventing the development of the so-called oxygen starvation - hypoxia. The source of providing a surge of energy for patients with neurosis is the fatty acids present in the composition of the drugs in question. An important feature of the active components of this pharmacological group is the ability to remove toxic substances from the blood and brain tissues.

Despite the obvious advantages of nootropic therapy, there is a certain list of contraindications. Therefore, when planning a therapeutic approach and determining how to treat neurosis, drugs in this category are not prescribed for the following conditions:

• Pregnancy and breastfeeding period
• Presence of liver failure
• The presence of oncological neoplasms
• Having a history of epilepsy
• Chronic renal failure
• Having a history of hemorrhagic stroke

Also, drugs in this category are not prescribed to people suffering from epilepsy, and at the time of exacerbation of a mental disorder.

Successfully used to correct the following conditions:

1. Neurosis on the background of drug addiction.
2. Neurosis with the simultaneous course of dysfunction of urination of neurogenic origin (neurogenic bladder).
3. Apathy, decreased mental activity.
4. Inability to remember and concentrate.

Despite the insignificant range of possible side effects produced by nootropics, the patient's condition must be monitored within the hospital.

Properties of other drugs and features of their appointment

In the process of eliminating neuroses, the patient is also prescribed vitamin therapy: the prescription of B vitamins has a general strengthening effect on the state of the nervous system. There are certain rules for the administration of drugs: the age of the patient, his weight, gender, stage of the disease, the severity of the neuropsychiatric disorder, the likelihood of an adverse reaction are taken into account.

Based on this, the introduction of chlorpromazine is prescribed to the patient immediately before bedtime: the drug has a hypotensive property, promotes the onset of sleep, and the elimination of a panic attack.

Melleril is a high-quality sedative drug, but one of its side effects is a decrease in sexual desire, erectile dysfunction in men. The drug is not prescribed to patients planning a pregnancy. It has been established that symptoms such as depressed mood develop only as a response of the body to an overdose.

Each medication has a number of contraindications to its use, therefore, the attending physician should be warned about the presence of such at the stage of conducting a survey and collecting information about the state of health.

Each of the drugs has both positive properties and a certain range of side effects that may occur in certain patients with neuroses. Drug therapy of this pathological condition of the nervous system provides a positive result. However, it is important to seek qualified help early: in certain clinical cases, this determines the speed of recovery.

Medicines for neurosis and anxiety: effective pills and injections

The vast majority of neuroses develop against the background of psychologically traumatic situations. It should be noted that not all people are prone to this disease, but only those who have emotional instability, as well as a large amount of stress. Therefore, psychotherapy is considered the main method of treating pathology, however, often doctors prescribe various pills for neurosis, that is, drug treatment of neurosis is carried out.

It is important for patients to understand that the best effect is achieved with an integrated approach to the disease. That is, the methods of psychotherapy, drugs for neurosis should be used together. At the same time, before starting pharmacological therapy, an adult should visit related specialists - a therapist, an endocrinologist. If any somatic dysfunctions are identified, then it is important to complete their full course of treatment so that the neurosis can be eliminated much easier. Also, it should be noted that the neurosis itself can be caused by another pathology.

Psychotherapy

First, the doctor tries to establish verbal and emotional contact with the neurotic, after which he is engaged in clarifying the circumstances and factors that led to the development of the disease. It is very important that the doctor enters the trust of the patient, this is necessary for the most frank and open conversation. This is due to the duration of the course of treatment, a large number of psychotherapy sessions.

Several methods are used, the application of which depends on the situation.

Belief

This is a method in which the information that is given to the patient must be logically analyzed, which allows him to be convinced. Thus, the patient's attitude to the situation that caused the neurosis changes, negative emotions are no longer able to influence the person in this way.

Suggestion

With neuroses, this is a fairly effective weapon, since criticism is excluded due to this technique. Through suggestion, certain sensations are evoked. Bypassing logic and criticism, you can achieve a direct impact on the vegetative system. It is worth noting that suggestion can be direct or indirect. Direct suggestion implies the deepest sleep or hypnosis, then the source of information is not realized. It also applies to light sleep. Indirect suggestion is characterized by the fact that patients attribute the effects of exposure to some third-party stimuli, such as drugs for neuroses, various procedures. This list can be continued for a long time.

self-hypnosis

The physician must teach the patient this method for the treatment of neurosis. First, the information that the patient received earlier works, after which it is reproduced by him. Auto-training can also be attributed to this technique.

It is important to understand that even when you have perfectly mastered the methods of self-hypnosis and auto-training, a specialist controls the treatment of neurosis in adults and children.

medical intervention

To begin with, you should be patient, since the complex treatment of neuroses, their drug treatment includes rehabilitation, which can take a whole year or more. As soon as the diagnosis has been established, it is recommended to visit a neurologist, psychiatrist, psychotherapist. Procedures such as MRI of the brain, EEG are prescribed. After that, sedatives are prescribed, they are also sedatives, hypnotics, antidepressants. That is, the patient needs to drink those medicines that are necessary to eliminate anxiety.

Treatment of neurosis with medication always takes place in parallel with psychotherapy sessions. This allows you to act on the pathology in a complex way, that is, affect not only the mental aspect, but also the physiology of the body.

The most commonly used drugs for neurosis are:

• A group of tranquilizers - Relanium, Mezapam, Nozepam. At first, these drugs have such an effect as slight nausea, patients note weakness, drowsiness. Over time, these symptoms go away. This group has three actions: the elimination of anxiety, muscle relaxation, the presence of a hypnotic effect. Taking into account the degree of action of the latter, night and day preparations are isolated.
• Antidepressants. This group is intended for the elimination of depressive and anxiety neuroses, as well as the fight against a worsened mood. The most famous representatives of the group of antidepressants are pyrazidol, anafranil. It is worth noting that there is a group of antidepressants that has a stimulating effect. They are taken to eliminate weakness, melancholy, but their side effects are increased anxiety neurosis, irritability. Another type of antidepressants are sedatives, which have exactly the opposite effect. It is important to understand that drugs for the treatment of neuroses are prescribed exclusively by the attending physician.
• You can also cure neurotic psychosis with the help of nootropic drugs. They improve blood circulation in the structures of the brain, have a beneficial effect on memory. People who were treated with their help note a noticeable improvement in mood, a surge of strength. But, nootropics can cause irritability, worsen sleep. Some drugs in this group can act in the opposite way, that is, act as a sedative, calm the patient.
• Antipsychotics. Almost all patients with neuroses are recommended to use antipsychotics. Their calming effect contributes to a quick recovery.

Here is an almost complete list of drugs for neurosis that can be found in Russia: Adaptol, Azafen, Anafranil, Apolorazepam, Betamax, Valium Roche, Diazepam, Diazepex, Zoloft, Clonazepam, Clonotril, Clofranil, Coaxil, Xanax, Loram, Lorafen, Mexidol , Melipramine, Melleril, Nozepam, Notta, Pantogam, Pyrazidol, Rexetin, Relanium, Relium, Rivotril, Seduxen, Sibazone, Sonapax, Thiodazine, Thioridazine, Thioridazine-apo, Thioril, Tyson, Phenazepam, Phenibut, Chlosepide, Chlorprothixen, Cerebrolysin, Egilok , Elenium, Etaperazine.

Do not self-medicate, contact your psychiatrist for prescription of medications!

To achieve the maximum effect, it should be borne in mind that neurasthenia has two problems - psychological and physiological. Therefore, it is best to use a comprehensive treatment that will affect all areas. If you have been diagnosed with neurosis, then only a doctor should determine how to treat this condition. It is desirable that not only a psychotherapist, but also a neuropathologist deal with the problem, so that there is an opportunity to influence the psychosomatic aspect. Pharmacology has long taken a step forward in relation to all diseases, and neurosis is no exception, for which drugs are highly effective.

For the fastest possible cure, experts recommend taking procedures such as massage, acupuncture, reflexology. Courses of treatment involve relaxation of patients. It must be remembered that the doctor must be experienced and competent, know all the data about the drugs that he prescribes for you to take. Indeed, quite often there are situations when drugs interact poorly with each other, enhancing or weakening the effects.

The disadvantages of traditional drug therapy for neurosis can be considered that most patients often develop side effects. Sometimes addiction to drugs is noted. Therefore, patients and doctors are always in search of the most successful methods of treating this condition.

Today, homeopathy has regained its relevance. This is a branch of medicine that uses only natural ingredients to treat any pathology. The downside can be considered that there is a need for their very long-term use, since very small dosages of medicinal plants are used.

When undergoing treatment for neurosis in order to improve the functioning of the nervous system, it is recommended to follow the basic principles of a healthy lifestyle, adhere to an adequate daily routine, monitor your sleep. You should also use meditation, yoga, which you can safely do without leaving your home.

It is important to understand that the treatment of neurosis is a very laborious and lengthy process that requires constant monitoring and correction.

What are the pills for neurosis - a review of effective drugs

The main cause of neurosis is always psychological, therefore, drug treatment is auxiliary, it is aimed at correcting the condition. The main type of treatment is psychotherapy. However, the patient needs medication if he has a severe neurosis: treatment begins with an improvement in the condition so that the person can concentrate on working with a psychologist.

What are the symptoms of taking the pills?

Neurosis is a reversible mental disorder that occurs as a result of prolonged and strong internal stress. Manifestations of neurosis range from headaches and poor sleep to a whole range of complex symptoms - obsessive thoughts, panic attacks, digestive disorders. Treatment of neurosis with pills is symptomatic, medications are selected by a neurologist, psychologist or psychiatrist individually, depending on the symptoms and their severity.

• arrhythmia;
• hypotension;
• gastrointestinal disorders;
• hyperhidrosis;
• increased fatigue;
• decreased alertness;
• memory impairment;
• sad mood;
• feeling of hopelessness;
• sensitivity to noise and light;
• irritability, tearfulness;
• decreased libido;
• insomnia;
• anxiety;
• hypochondria;
• obsessive thoughts and actions;
• panic attacks;
• derealization;
• depersonalization;
• hyperventilation of the lungs.

Each of these symptoms reduces the quality of life, interferes with communication, work and feeling like a full-fledged member of society. And usually the patient has several symptoms at once, which turn his life into a struggle with his body and mind. Manifestations of neurosis can reduce the already low self-esteem of the patient, exhaust him. Therefore, before working with a psychologist, it is necessary to relieve the most severe symptoms with medication, for this purpose pills for neurosis are prescribed.

Antidepressants

An alternative name for antidepressants is thymoleptics. They are used in neurosis with symptoms of depression, usually in neurasthenic neurosis with apathy and low vitality. Antidepressants affect the amount of neurotransmitters - serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. In patients with a consistently low mood, they relieve melancholy, apathy, lethargy, irritability, anxiety, anxiety and tension. After taking antidepressants, the patient's mental activity increases, appetite and sleep normalize.

Antidepressants begin to change the patient's well-being after one and a half to two weeks. The effect is revealed gradually, but at the beginning of treatment with depression pills, an exacerbation of anxiety is often observed - an unreasonable feeling of fear may increase. Therefore, it is very important to keep in touch with the attending physician and talk about changes in well-being in order to correct the treatment program in time, introduce an additional drug or change the dose.

When an antidepressant is combined with a tranquilizer, the effect of treating anxiety neurosis manifests itself from the first day.

In psychiatry, antidepressants of various strengths are used to correct depression from mild to severe. So, Venlafaxine is a powerful drug, it is customary to treat severe, prolonged depression. Fluoxetine is milder, has fewer side effects, and can be given as an outpatient. Also, the doctor may prescribe Sertraline, Paxil, Insidon, Citalopram, Mirtazopine, Reboxetine, Escitalopram. Combination therapy with several antidepressants is often carried out simultaneously.

tranquilizers

Tranquilizers are used to relieve anxiety, phobias and panic attacks. This group of medicines has a relaxing effect on the muscles, removes anxiety and insomnia. In addition, they alleviate obsessions and hypochondria. In modern pharmacology, tranquilizers are usually understood as anxiolytics - drugs that reduce anxiety and fear.

Some drugs of this group have an activating effect on the psyche, make a person more energetic, and remove lethargy. But mostly tranquilizers have a sedative, hypnotic, anticonvulsant effect, and also relieve excessive muscle tension. A stabilizing effect on the vegetative system has also been noted.

Most tranquilizers are benzodiazepines. The list of modern anxiolytics includes Diazepam, Lorazepam, Bromazepam, Chlordeazepoxide, Atarax, Phenazepam, Alprazolam, Frizium, Oxylidine and Triazolam. Taking tranquilizers is always temporary, as these drugs are addictive and have numerous side effects.

Antipsychotics

Another name for this group of drugs is antipsychotics. They reduce the rate of transmission of nerve impulses by inhibiting dopamine (the substance responsible for the transmission of impulses in the brain). Antipsychotics effectively reduce anxiety, fear, excitement and excitement, so they are prescribed for anxiety and hysterical neurosis.

They are divided into two groups:

1. Typical. Powerful drugs with a wide range of side effects. For example, Haloperidol, Aminazin.
2. Atypical. Modern drugs with a reduced likelihood of side effects. These include Quetiapine, Clozapine, Rispolept and others.

Antipsychotics successfully replace such potent drugs as tranquilizers, which cannot be used for a long time. Antipsychotics, in contrast, act gently and are quickly excreted from the body. And yet the effect of antipsychotics is temporary: when the drug is discontinued, the symptoms return to patients who were not treated by a psychotherapist.

Nootropics

Nootropic is a cure for neurosis in its initial stages. Nootropics increase the resistance of the brain to external factors, stimulate intellectual activity, improve the ability to concentrate, memory. Also, nootropics act as weak antidepressants, and help reduce apathy, prevent oxygen starvation of brain tissues, and return energy to the patient for life.

Auxiliary drugs

Vitamins are prescribed for mild reversible mental disorders, as a general tonic. Most often, B vitamins are used, which are necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous system. Useful courses of multivitamins with minerals. Preparations with magnesium and vitamin B6 - Magnelis B6, Magne B6 have a noticeable calming effect. Also, the doctor may advise you to drink vitamins P, E, C, D and Glycine.

For mild neuroses, herbal sedatives are sometimes prescribed - valerian tablets and capsules, peony and motherwort preparations, passionflower extract tablets (Alora), Dormiplant, Menovalen, Novo-Passit, Persen, Relaxil, Sedavit, Sedariston, Sedasen, Sedafiton, Trivalumen. All of them have a weak sedative effect, help to fall asleep, relax, reduce anxiety and irritation.

Watch an educational popular video about sedatives. Find out on what principle they operate, what they are and in what cases it is advisable to take them. And also about when mild sedatives are prescribed as an additional treatment.

So, now you know that a large number of drugs have been invented for the symptoms of neurosis. We hope that after the weakening of autonomic manifestations, anxiety and depression, you will have enough willpower to undergo treatment with a good psychologist. Psychotherapy + drugs for neurosis give a lasting effect and return the patient to a full and joyful life without fear.

Treatment of neurosis: principles of therapy and drugs

When a neurosis develops, treatment, drugs are prescribed only by a specialist according to an individual scheme. Drug therapy of neurosis provides for a fairly strong effect on the central nervous system, therefore, medications must be taken with great care and with strict adherence to the dosage. In general, modern drugs for neurosis can effectively deal with this unpleasant pathology and eliminate problems.

In addition, physiotherapy technologies, massage, homeopathy and acupuncture for neurosis can provide effective assistance.

The essence of the problem

Neurosis is a mental disorder of the nervous system, which is manifested by a number of specific signs of a neurogenic nature. The main signs of neurosis include the following manifestations: difficulty in psychological adaptation, nervousness and irritability, hypertrophied sensitivity to even minor stressful situations, tearfulness, resentment and slight vulnerability, constant anxiety, obsession with certain situations, fatigue, decreased concentration and memory, increased sensitivity to loud noise, bright lighting, temperature effects, insomnia and a feeling of weakness after getting up, reduced potency and sexual desire, vegetative disorders (increased sweating, cardiac arrhythmia, arterial hypotension or pressure fluctuations, digestive system disorder).

The etiology of neurosis is associated with CNS disorders or prolonged exposure to neurogenic factors. The main reasons include the following influences: long-term (chronic) psychological and emotional overload or short-term, but very strong stress; physical overload, especially when combined with emotional stress; exhaustion of the nervous system due to the impossibility of solving any important task, problem; hereditary predisposition; inability to relax or lack of conditions for rest; depletion of the body due to chronic disease.

What is the danger of neuroses? This disease creates conflict situations at home, at work, on the street, which, in turn, causes social isolation of a sick person (spoiled relationships with loved ones, lack of friends, etc.). Neurosis can cause partial or temporary disability, the inability to perform certain jobs.

Principles of treatment of neurosis

The treatment of neurosis is purely individual in nature, and its scheme is developed by a neuropathologist or psychotherapist. For effective impact, it is important to establish the true causes of the disease and eliminate them. The triggering mechanism of the disease is most often caused by chronic or acute stress. With such an etiology, psychotherapy with its specific emotional effects becomes the most important component of treatment.

Psychological treatment alone is not enough. Drug treatment of neurosis is the basis of therapy, which is based on modern drugs prescribed taking into account the manifestation of the disease. If the neurosis is especially clearly manifested in the form of various anxieties, then strong antidepressants with an anti-anxiety effect are needed. When the disease occurs as a result of overwork, the task becomes the normalization of the energy parameters of the nervous system. In this case, effective are the means that stabilize metabolic processes in the brain, as well as improve blood circulation.

What principles to apply in the treatment of neurosis are determined by a neurologist and a psychiatrist, but the final decision is best made after examinations by a cardiologist and endocrinologist. If diseases of a somatic nature are detected, then appropriate treatment is necessary, since pathologies of internal organs often become the culprits of nervous disorders. The treatment of neurosis itself is a long-term complex procedure with a duration of at least 1-1.5 years. To start the treatment regimen, a diagnosis is made based on the analysis of complaints, external manifestations, EEG and MRI results.

Psychotherapeutic methods

Psychotherapy is an important step in the treatment of neurosis. Its effectiveness largely depends on the professionalism of the psychotherapist and his ability to establish emotional contact with the patient. The following methods are mainly used:

1. The principle of persuasion: the goal is to change the patient's negative attitude to various situations with the help of the necessary information.
2. The principle of suggestion: direct (hypnotic) and indirect (drug) suggestion is used, forcing the patient to change his attitude to what is happening.
3. The principle of self-hypnosis: the doctor's task is to teach a person to get rid of a stressful state by self-persuasion, for which autogenic training can be used.

Medical therapy

The basis of the treatment of disorders of the nervous system with various manifestations is drug therapy.

For its implementation, various drugs are prescribed for the treatment of neurosis: sedative (sedative) substances; antidepressants; tranquilizers; antioxidants; nootropics; neuroleptics and psychostimulants.

The use of sedatives

Calming, or sedative, drugs help to suppress nervousness, feelings of anxiety and fear, panic attacks. Their task is to improve the emotional state and ensure the effectiveness of the psychotherapeutic session. Sedatives are divided into soothing substances of plant nature, barbiturates, bromine and magnesium salts. The most common herbal remedies are: tablets and alcoholic tincture of valerian; preparations based on incarnate passionflower; motherwort and peony tinctures; medicines Nobrassit, Valoserdin, Doppelgerz Melissa, Nervoflux, Sedariston, Fitosed.

Barbiturates are aimed at inhibiting the excited central nervous system. They have a hypnotic and anticonvulsant effect. Fixed assets of this category: Barbamil, Hexobarbital, Phenobarbital.

Bromides are prepared on the basis of sodium and potassium salts of hydrobromic acid. Their main effect is a calming effect and activation of inhibitory processes in the cerebral cortex. The drugs are not intended for long-term course administration. The main compositions include such agents: sodium bromide powder, potassium bromide powder, Bromocamphor.

Prescribing antidepressants

Antidepressants, or thymoleptic substances, help to suppress depression and bad mood, have a stimulating effect on the central nervous system. With neurosis, the following antidepressants are most often used: Imizin (analogues - Imipramine, Melipramine, Tofranil), Amitriptyline (Triptizol), Azafen, Pyrazidol. Imizin improves mood, invigorates, eliminates lethargy, improves appetite, but can reduce potency. It has contraindications for cardiovascular, hepatic, renal pathologies, glaucoma, infectious lesions.

Amitriptyline, along with a depressive function, plays the role of a sedative. At the beginning of treatment, it can cause drowsiness, but in general it relieves anxiety and improves mood. It should not be taken in glaucoma and prostate hypertrophy. In many ways, other antidepressants, such as Azafen, are similar. Moreover, it has no side effects and contraindications.

Use of tranquilizers

Tranquilizers are used in the advanced stage of neurosis with severe nervous attacks. They reduce nervous tension, eliminate signs of fear and anxiety, and normalize the general psychological state. Afobazole for neurosis is considered one of the most effective tranquilizers. This remedy is successfully used in the treatment of various diseases. At the same time, Afobazole should not be drunk with hypolactasia, during pregnancy and lactation. It is not recommended for children under 16 years of age.

A number of effective drugs of this type can be distinguished: Chlordiazepoxide (Elenium, Librium), Mexidol, Diazepam (Seduxen), Oxazepam (Tazepam), Lorazepam (Atavan), Phenazepam, Nitrazepam (Eunoctin, Radedorm), Medazepam (Rudotel), Meprotan (Meprobamate ), Trioxidine. Tranquilizers also have a directed effect. So, to eliminate various phobias, Librium and Seduxen are suitable; with diencephalic problems - Elenium; with severe depression - Phenazepam; with insomnia - Nitrazepam.

Other drugs

To enhance the calming effect in difficult cases, antipsychotics are prescribed. Among them, the following tablets are noted: Aminazin, Reserpine, Triftazin, Haloperidol, Melleril, Sonapaks. Their use is limited to small doses.

Antioxidants are used to improve the general condition of a person with neurosis. Phenibut is an effective remedy. Nootropic drugs normalize blood circulation in the brain, improve its nutrition, and stabilize memory. Some drugs have a stimulating effect. Among such drugs is Piracetam.

The use of homeopathy and vitamin therapy

The treatment of neurosis with homeopathy requires an individual approach in the choice of medicines. Homeopathy includes the following appointments:

1. With hysterical manifestations: Ignatia, Tarantula, Pulsatilla, Asafoetida, Caulophyllum, Amber Grisea, Moshus, Platinum, Senecio.
2. With neurasthenic symptoms: Agaricus, Anacardium, Argentum Nitricum, Belladonna, Stramonium, Cannabis Indica, Chamomilla, Phosphorus, Hyoscyamus.
3. During hyposthenic neurasthenia: Acidum phosphoricum, Acidum picrinicum, Thuja, Conium.
4. In obsessive states: Arsenicum album, Silicea, Agnus Castus, Hina.
5. With psychasthenia: Graphites, Calcium carbonicum, Causticum.

Vitamins in neurosis play an important role in the normalization of the nervous system. In the presence of neurosis, vitamin nourishment for the brain is necessary. Vitamins of group B have the greatest influence: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12. Symptoms of neurasthenia often result from a deficiency of these vitamins. The brain also needs the following vitamins: C, D, E, P, glycine. To replenish the necessary vitamins, it is recommended to enrich the menu with such products: green vegetables, bananas, oranges, walnuts, dairy products, parsley, legumes, buckwheat, cabbage, potatoes, rice, chicken eggs.

Neurosis is a very insidious disease that can create a lot of problems and lead to serious complications. The disease must be detected early and treated effectively.

Neurosis Treatment of neurosis in children and adults

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Medicines for neurosis

Modern pharmacology knows very effective drugs - drugs for neurosis, which eliminate anxiety, depression, and also normalize mood. These drugs also help with psychosomatic diseases. There are a lot of drugs that can really help a neurotic improve his condition, they belong to different pharmacological groups and all of them require qualified prescription, selection and medical support. Many drugs used in the treatment of neurosis have a very long duration (months and years).

Advantages of medical treatment of neuroses:

The effect of drugs is very demonstrative

Treatment with medicines does not require any personal, mental, spiritual efforts from the patient.

Medicines for neurosis are cheap compared to psychotherapy.

Treatment of neurosis in adults and children

All types of neurosis arise when a mental trauma is combined with very hard work and lack of rest, lack of sleep. A variety of infections, alcohol abuse, hormonal disorders, poor nutrition are factors that weaken the body.

Neurosis develops not so much as a result of a person's reaction to a traumatic situation, but because of its subsequent processing. That is, due to a long analysis by a person of the formed situation and results, fear of the inability to adapt to the situation. Scientists believe that, how many neuroses, so many different reasons for its occurrence.

Treatment of neurosis

Is there a cure for neurosis? The specificity of neurosis is that a person is aware of his disease and seeks to cope with it. Therefore, neuroses are successfully treated if the treatment is carried out on time. Therapy of neuroses should be complex, consisting of psychotherapy and drug treatment.

There are such principles of treatment of neuroses:

• Elimination of the influence of a psychotraumatic factor. Therapy of neurosis will not give any effect until the influence of a specific psycho-traumatic cause is eliminated or the attitude towards it is not changed.
• Psychotherapy.
• Medical treatment.

Psychotherapeutic treatment

The main way to get out of neurosis is psychotherapy. It requires a thorough choice of a specialist and the most effective methods of treating neuroses. Because only an experienced psychologist and psychotherapist will help to get out of neurosis. Psychotherapy begins with the use of rational and explanatory therapy techniques.

Hypnosis is often used to treat neuroses. Usually, the removal of neurosis by hypnosis in adults is used in the treatment of neurasthenia. Autogenic training according to Schultz has a good effect when treating depressive neurosis. Neurolinguistic programming is actively used to effectively treat fear neurosis.

In the treatment of neuroses that have appeared in adults on the basis of family and marital problems, couple therapy is used. Treatment of neurosis in children is carried out using family therapy.

Medical treatment

It is an auxiliary link for the treatment of neurosis. Medicines are used as an element of maintaining psychotherapy and facilitating access to psycho-traumatic information.

Medicines help to achieve the following goals:

• removal of neurosis;
• inhibition of high excitability of the nervous system;
• sleep improvement;
• resumption of mental performance (mindfulness, memory) and physical;
• stimulation of metabolic processes.

The following drugs are prescribed for the treatment of neuroses:

• Sedatives - to get rid of irascibility and irritability (Novo-passit, Fitosed, tincture of valerian, peony root, motherwort).
• Adaptogens - for the treatment of neurasthenia, anxiety disorder, depressive neurosis (phytopreparations with ginseng, Rhodiola rosea, Eleutherococcus, as well as the drug Glycine).
• Tranquilizers - used for adults with hysterical neurosis, individual phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder (Adaptol, Gidazepam, Phenazepam).
• Antidepressants - are taken for all neurosis, which are accompanied by depressive symptoms. Such drugs should be selected by a specialist, because the characteristics of the effects of these drugs may differ, and they must necessarily coincide with the symptoms (Gelarium, Deprim, Zolox, Zoloft, Melipramine, Paxil, Prozac, Saroten, Seroxat, Tryptisol, Cipralex, Cipramil).
• Multivitamin complexes, especially including B vitamins and minerals (Berocca, Duovit, Magne-B6, Multi-tabs B-complex, Neurovitan).
• Homeopathy - thanks to the treatment of neurosis with homeopathy, chronic fatigue syndrome and irritability can be eliminated, and at the same time problems with the intestines can be resolved. It is only important to correctly determine the dosage of the drug, so it should be prescribed by a homeopathic doctor.

Treatment of neuroses with folk remedies

Recently, medicine has advanced a lot, and its achievements in the treatment of neuroses are effective and undeniable. However, the treatment of neurosis at home with medicinal herbs can have an equally successful effect.

There are sedative plants in nature, so herbal therapy can be an excellent replacement for synthetic drugs. The treatment of neuroses with herbs dates back several centuries. For the treatment of neurosis with folk remedies, sedative plants are used, such as:

Herbal treatment has a calming, antiseptic and immunomodulatory effect. This is very important, since neurosis reduces the overall resistance of the body to infections. In addition, the treatment of neurosis with herbs is effective, low-toxic and has virtually no side effects.

Breathing exercises

When used independently, you must first use normal breathing at the expense (conscious breathing). Lying with your eyes closed, simply count how long the inhalation and exhalation lasts. Next, you need to try to control your breathing - inhale for 5 counts, and exhale the same way. Thanks to conscious breathing, the mind is freed from obsessive thoughts and anxiety, the nervous system calms down. Exercise activates the respiratory center and stimulates the production of serotonin.

Treatment of neurosis in children and adolescents

Psychotherapy for adolescents invariably begins with the establishment of personal contact. Then it is necessary to find out the essence of the conflict situation and the cause of the anxiety state. Then proceed to resolve the conflict, using individual, family or group psychotherapy. You can resolve the conflict in various ways: devaluing previous goals, creating new real perspectives, finding exciting forms of activity that can distract from insoluble problems.

In addition to psychotherapy, the treatment of neurosis in children and adolescents requires the improvement of living conditions - hygiene, necessary rest, alternation of intellectual and physical stress. Sports are of great importance. It is advisable to start with running, cycling, gymnastics, skiing, jumping and eventually move on to sports games.

Therapy of neurosis in adolescents is carried out on an outpatient basis or with the use of partial hospitalization. Treatment of adolescents in a hospital is irrational - they must continue their education.

The organization of departments of a sanatorium character for adolescents is justified if being in them is combined with continuing education. Prevention of neurosis in adolescents, in addition to the general health regimen, is to teach them to avoid the effects of those psychogenic causes that are factors in the anxiety state. Family environment matters a lot.

If there is harmony in the family, neuroses in adolescents are practically not found.

What is the difference between the treatment of neurosis and the treatment of psychosis?

Are neurotic treatments suitable for eliminating psychosis? Psychosis is a disorder that is characterized by severe disturbances in the emotional-volitional area, transformation of thinking and is accompanied by a violation of criticality to one's own state with a violation of the ability to distinguish between internal disturbances and external sources.

Neurosis is characterized by emotional or bodily signs of internal conflict without a change in thinking and over-criticism of one's own state. Biological factors predominate in the appearance of psychoses, and intrapersonal conflicts are of primary importance in the development of neuroses. The mechanisms on which the emergence of neurosis and psychosis are based are very different from each other. Therefore, the principles of treatment of these diseases are also different. Psychotherapy plays a major role in the treatment of neuroses. And in the treatment of psychosis, the emphasis is on medications. These are the basic principles of the treatment of neuroses, be healthy!

Treatment of neurosis with medication

Neurosis is a pathology of the nervous system that develops against the background of its depletion. There are different types that require a different therapeutic approach. The basis of treatment is psychotherapy, but drugs for the treatment of neuroses help to recover faster. Medical treatment is selected by the attending physician, depending on the type of disorder in the patient and the manifestation of the disease.

Types of disease

Neurosis can manifest itself in several clinical forms:

Depending on the form of the disorder, drug therapy is selected according to an individual scheme for each patient.

Neurasthenia is manifested by the following symptoms:

• depressive state;
• prostration;
• sleep disturbance;
• emotional passivity;
• exacerbation of fears and phobias.

Hysteria is often accompanied by rapid emotional excitability, panic attacks and increased pressure. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by the need to perform some kind of ritual action, for example, the constant washing of hands or the need to eat only in solitude.

In addition to the specific symptoms inherent in one form or another of the disorder, there are general symptoms of a psychosomatic nature that can be observed in a patient:

• change in blood pressure;
• pain in the region of the heart;
• arrhythmia and tachycardia;
• headache;
• confusion;
• dizziness;
• violation of the digestive tract;
• numbness of hands and feet.

These symptoms are individual for each patient. A patient may have one symptom or a group of similar symptoms.

The principle of drug therapy

Drug therapy for neurosis is of secondary importance, since the basis of treatment is psychotherapy. However, in some cases, it is impossible to do without medical treatment.

Therapy includes taking the following groups of drugs:

• antidepressants, to relieve tension of the nervous system;
• tranquilizers, to relieve anxiety and exacerbate phobias;
• antipsychotics, to eliminate the symptoms of psychosis;
• sedatives;
• nootropic drugs to improve cognitive function and protect the nervous system from traumatic factors.

Drug treatment for neurosis begins only after the identification and elimination of the cause of the pathology of the nervous system. When prescribing treatment, an individual approach is practiced, depending on the characteristics of the course of the disease in a particular patient.

Treatment with drugs is indicated in the case of a neglected condition with complications that provoke a violation of the patient's ability to work.

Antidepressants for treatment

Treatment of neurasthenia or depressive form of neurosis is carried out with the help of antidepressants. These preparations can be either of plant origin or chemical form. These medications help:

• relieve symptoms of depression;
• improving the quality of sleep;
• removal of anxiety;
• increase of working capacity;
• mood improvement.

Medicines of this group strengthen the patient's nervous system and psyche, and also help protect against stress. They are often prescribed if the patient is diagnosed with neurasthenia with the development of a depressive state.

The downside of this therapy is the need for long-term medication and the risk of developing addiction.

The most popular antidepressants in the treatment of neuroses are Amitriptyline and Prozac. These medications require a prescription from a neurologist or psychotherapist. Among herbal medicines that can be purchased without a prescription, St. John's wort-based preparations are considered the most effective. However, taking herbal remedies often does not give a quick result.

The treatment regimen, dosage and duration of treatment are selected only by the attending physician in such a way as to minimize the risk of developing addiction and further withdrawal syndrome.

Treatment with tranquilizers

Tranquilizers are indicated for the treatment of advanced forms of the disease, which are accompanied by the following symptoms:

• emotional excitability;
• panic attacks;
• exacerbation of phobias;
• anxiety.

The principle of action of these drugs is based on the relaxation of the muscles of the body, which, in turn, helps to relieve tension in the nervous system.

Often, Phenazepam or Afobazol is prescribed as a remedy for neurosis.

Tranquilizers can cause a range of side effects, ranging from weakness and drowsiness to withdrawal symptoms. These medicines are prescribed with caution. They can not be taken at work that requires the utmost concentration of attention, since drugs depress the activity of the nervous system. However, the feeling of weakness and drowsiness disappear after a few days, after the start of therapy.

As a rule, the termination of reception of tranquilizers is carried out by gradual decrease in a dosage. An abrupt cessation of drug treatment can provoke the development of the so-called withdrawal syndrome - a condition in which the primary symptoms of the disease, greatly enhanced, return again.

Tranquilizers are released only with a prescription. Self-treatment with such pills is prohibited, the feasibility of therapy and the medication regimen are determined only by the attending physician.

Sedative drugs

Sedative preparations of plant origin do not directly treat neurosis, but help to improve the psycho-emotional state of the patient. Such pills are not addictive, which often becomes a decisive factor in choosing therapy.

Sedative tablets are recommended to be taken in case of sleep disturbance and chronic fatigue. These drugs act on the principle of depression of the nervous system, therefore, at the beginning of therapy, drowsiness and inhibition of the reaction may occur - this is how a sedative effect is manifested.

About which drug to take, you need to consult with your doctor. Among herbal remedies, medicines based on motherwort or valerian root are usually prescribed.

Traditional medicine knows many recipes for simple sedatives, based on a decoction of herbs. Phytotherapy is often prescribed in addition to drug therapy.

The most common are products based on tinctures of peony, motherwort and valerian. How to drink such tinctures, you need to ask your doctor.

Other drugs

In some cases, the doctor may recommend that the patient drink drugs from the group of nootropics or antipsychotics. However, with neuroses, taking these drugs is advisable only in the case of a long course of the disease and the development of complications that disrupt the patient's normal lifestyle.

When prescribing therapy, doctors prefer drugs for neurosis that are not addictive. Herbal medicines, sedative pills and herbal antidepressants are prescribed. At an advanced stage, neurosis can be treated with tranquilizer tablets.

The treatment is supplemented with the intake of antioxidants and vitamin preparations that protect the nervous system from possible damage and provide full support to the entire patient's body.

As in children, neurosis in adults is also common. Symptoms of such diseases are mistakenly ignored by middle-aged people who do not consider it necessary to deal with a similar problem to qualified doctors.

To understand the process taking place in the body, it is necessary to know the mechanism of occurrence of the disease in question, its types, as well as ways to correct the current situation.

Neuroses (symptoms in adults are usually pronounced) have a mechanism for their occurrence. Its understanding is necessary for the timely establishment by a person of the origin of a pathological neurological process.

Successive stages accompanying the formation of a person's neurotic state:

1. Mental and physical overwork that persists for a long time or severe stress that knocked down a person (for example, the death of a loved one).
2. A sharp increase in the concentration of adrenaline in the blood (usually occurs when a person is unable to “let go of the situation”).
3. The formation of a disorder in the normal functioning of the brain lobes, which is usually accompanied by significant deviations in the bioelectrical brain activity.
4. The rapid growth of insulin and pituitary hormone.
5. Activation of the adrenal cortex, which provokes the release of special substances (catecholamines) that create panic attacks or other neurotic conditions.
6. The occurrence of disorders in the work of the pancreas, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract and other vital organs and systems, as a result of the onset of neurosis.

Main symptoms

Neuroses (symptoms in adults are usually classified), depending on the nature of their manifestation, belong to different groups.

The figure lists the main symptoms of neurosis in adults.

Neurologists and psychotherapists usually divide them into:

Type of symptoms	Specific practical examples
Mental manifestations	abrupt unreasonable changes in mood; impulsiveness seen in decision making; aggressive attacks, sometimes against strangers; lack of self-control and the ability to analyze their own behavior; depressive state; increased anxiety; suicide attempts; apathy; a sharp decrease in self-esteem; frequent panic attacks; irritability; conflict; excessive tearfulness; sharply formed resentment, not observed before
physical manifestations	development of vegetovascular dystonia; frequent headaches or dizziness; fast fatiguability; a sharp decrease or increase in food cravings; change in the level of sexual desire; disruption of the normal functioning of sweating systems; the occurrence of problems with sleep (insomnia appears or, conversely, a person constantly wants to sleep); drops in blood pressure; the appearance of black dots before the eyes

Types of neuroses

The neuroses, the symptoms of which are often manifested in adults in connection with strenuous work, are of several kinds.

The main ones include:

• Neurasthenia. Signs of its progression are heart rhythm disturbances even at the slightest human experience, sleep disturbance, changes in appetite. In some cases, patients with neurasthenia note the sudden onset of intolerance to daylight, a sharp deterioration in mood, as well as a decrease in labor productivity of any kind. The cause of neurasthenia can be chronic overwork (in this case, psychotherapists talk about exhaustion neurosis) or a significant, turning point in a person's life (reactive neurasthenia). The main stages of its development are considered to be hypersthenic (the patient unreasonably develops aggression towards other people, absent-mindedness, resentment, excessive emotionality) and hyposthenic forms (lethargy, lethargy, fatigue).
• Hysteria(most common in women). The objective signs of such a neurotic state include tearfulness, egocentrism, affectation in behavior. From the point of view of physiology, people suffering from hysteria note disturbances in the normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as the occurrence of headaches and fainting. In its advanced forms, hysteria manifests itself in the form of sudden deafness, numbness, impaired sensitivity, and coordination disorders. Patients with this form of neurosis can fall sharply to the floor, start beating their heads or tearing their clothes, if the circumstances do not meet their expectations.
• Obsessional neurosis. It manifests itself in the emergence of constant fears, experiences, negative memories. At the same time, the patient cannot independently control their appearance, and often is not even able to suppress them at the time of a kind of attack (panic attack). Obsessive-compulsive disorder can also provoke inappropriate ideas, such as killing a stranger. People suffering from this kind of mental disorder rarely put their ideas into practice, but this does not alleviate their condition at the moment of aggravation of emotions.

Drug treatment of neurosis in adults

Neuroses (symptoms in adults vary depending on the type of disease) require systematic drug treatment if the advanced form is meant.

Among the drugs prescribed by a qualified doctor in such a case, there are usually:

• Atarax. The active substance hydroxyzine inhibits the brain receptors responsible for the production of the stress hormone and adrenaline, which provoke manifestations of a neurotic state. This drug has an effective sedative effect, increases the duration of the deep phase of sleep, and also reduces the patient's anxiety. The standard dosage is 50 mg per day divided into 3 daily doses.

• Afobazol. The active ingredient fabomotizol stabilizes the work of the nerve cells of the brain, and also contributes to their recovery and protection from negative effects. It is recommended to take the drug in question at 10 mg 3 times a day.
• Mebicar. Tetramethyltetraazabicyclooctanedione, which is the main active ingredient of the drug, has a nootropic effect, restores sleep patterns, and also contributes to the supply of the proper amount of oxygen to the brain cells. Doctors prescribe Mebicar at a dosage of up to 1 g 3 times a day.

Tranquilizers and antidepressants of similar action are dispensed by pharmacists from pharmacies only if the buyer has an official prescription from the attending physician indicating the dosage and number of packs of the drug.

Vitamin preparations for the treatment of neurosis

Neuroses (symptoms in adults should be a reason for consulting a specialist) in some cases can be eliminated with the help of vitamin preparations.

Effective in this case will be:

• Magnelis B6 Forte. The active substances of the vitamin complex are pyridoxine and magnesium. Replenishing the deficiency of vitamins in the body, the remedy in question helps to reduce anxiety, normalize sleep, and strengthen the heart and blood vessels. It is necessary to use the drug 3 tablets per day for 30 days.
• Vitabalance Multivit is a rich source of vitamins B, C, phosphorus, folic acid, calcium and magnesium. It helps to restore the normal functioning of brain cells responsible for provoking stress and depression. Experts recommend taking 1 tablet 1 time per day during the lunch meal.

• Milgamma tablets are a complex remedy containing vitamin B of all groups. It not only stabilizes the mental state of the patient and minimizes the likelihood of exacerbation of neuroses, but also helps to restore the conduction of impulses to nerve cells. The daily dosage of the drug in question is limited to 3 tablets (pellets) for 30 days.

Preparation of infusions

The most effective non-drug remedy for neurosis is tincture. Traditionally, it is made from red wine.

Examples of cooking recipes:

• 5 liters of red wine must be heated using a water bath. Add 100 g of small dry motherwort to it and mix thoroughly. Put the resulting mixture on fire and bring to a boil under the lid. Then cool to room temperature and let it brew for a day. Filter thoroughly, getting rid of small grass. It is recommended to take the infusion 100 ml 2 times a day before meals for at least 3 weeks.
• Lightly heat 500 ml of red wine in a water bath (approximately 30 minutes). Add 200 g of hawthorn to the drink and stir thoroughly. Allow to cool to room temperature and, wrapped in a towel, put in a dark, dry place. Leave the tincture there for about 2-3 weeks. It is necessary to drink it daily, 50 ml before meals for 3 weeks. After that, it is advisable to take a break and, if necessary, after 2 weeks, repeat the course.
• Mix 1 liter of red wine with 100 g of motherwort and cudweed. Warm up the mixture slightly. Thoroughly mix the ingredients, bring the drink to a boil. Remove from heat, stir again and leave to simmer under the lid in a water bath for an hour. After that, cool, and leave in a dark place for 2 days. It is most effective to drink such a tincture in the morning and in the evening, 5 tbsp. l. before meals for a week, then take a 2-week break and resume treatment.

Decoction therapy

The preparation of decoctions is recognized as the safest way to get rid of a neurotic state.

The recipe may be as follows:

• 2 tsp crushed dry mint leaves, pour 100 ml of boiling water. Mix the ingredients thoroughly and simmer for another 10 minutes. Further, it is important to wrap the container with the decoction in a blanket or any woolen wardrobe item as soon as possible and let it brew for 1 hour. It is recommended to take a healing drink of 100 ml in the morning and evening, and preferably immediately before bedtime. It is advisable to stop the course of treatment as the patient's condition improves.

• Ivan tea in the amount of 5 tbsp. l. add to 800 ml of drinking water. Stir and bring the mixture to a boil. Remove from heat and let it brew for a day. After making sure that the decoction has reached the required strength, strain through a strainer. You need to drink such herbal tea at least 3 times a day, 100 ml, immediately before meals for a month.
• 3 art. l. Dried sweet clover pour 400 ml of boiling drinking water. Mix thoroughly until the drink acquires a light yellow color. Put the mixture on the fire and, stirring constantly, bring to readiness for 10 minutes. Remove from heat and let it brew for 1-2 hours. Drinking a decoction to get a visible result in the fight against neurosis requires 100 ml per day in the morning and evening.

Recipes for medicinal fees

In the absence of an allergy to herbs, medicinal fees can be used to eliminate the symptoms of neurosis:

• 4 tbsp. l. grind dried viburnum berries to a fine powder consistency. Add to 500 ml drinking water at room temperature. Bring to a boil over low heat and add 3 tbsp. l. dry mint, 2 tbsp. l. valerian. Mix thoroughly and leave to simmer covered for 20 minutes. After the specified time, remove from heat and let it brew for an hour. It is recommended to take a similar collection of 100 ml 2 times a day after meals.
• Mix in an amount of 3 tbsp. l. powdered valerian, mint, motherwort, hop cones and wild rose. Pour the resulting mixture with boiling water in a volume of at least 4 liters. Stir, wrap with a woolen cloth, close the lid and leave to infuse in a dark place for an hour. The resulting collection must be filtered before use. It is recommended to drink it for 5 tsp. before meals for a month.

• 50 g dried chamomile flowers, 10 tbsp. l. cumin and 5 tbsp. l. valerian and motherwort, mixed in equal proportions, bring to a homogeneous consistency. Pour 2 liters of water and heat in a water bath, stirring constantly. Put on medium heat and cook for 10 minutes. under a glass cover. Then strain the drink and let cool to room temperature. It is necessary to drink such a remedy 3 times a day for half a glass.

Essential oil

Aromatherapy, along with the use of herbal teas and infusions, has unproven effectiveness in the fight against neuroses. Medical workers note that essential oils will not be able to completely rid a person of the disease.

Despite this, with regular aromatherapy sessions, the quality of the patient’s sleep, as well as his ability to relax and abstract from negative thoughts, can significantly improve.

As oil recipes that are effective in stabilizing the mental state, the most commonly used are:

• bergamot oil (4 drops per 6 m 2);
• orange oil (3 drops per 5 m 2);
• lavender oil (4 drops per 3 m 2);
• peppermint oil (5 drops per 5 m 2).

It is important to clearly control the number of drops of the above substances. Otherwise, if the specified norm is exceeded, the human body may give an unpredictable, in particular allergic, reaction.

Psychological work on yourself

Treatment of neuroses in some cases does not require medical intervention. Upon detection of the first symptoms of deviations in the work of the nervous system (excessive nervousness, sleep disturbances, increased emotionality, irritability, biased mood swings), a person should resort to psychological work with himself.

A non-drug method of treating neurosis at home involves following recommendations such as:

• Take proper time to rest. Doctors recommend going to bed no later than 10 p.m., and this should be done in a well-ventilated, cool room.
• Periodically take therapeutic baths with herbs or aromatic oils. This will help a person to restore not only psychological resources, but also physical ones.
• Find a hobby and devote time to it, immersing yourself in your favorite activity as much as possible. When doing something pleasant for himself, the patient should try not to think about extraneous things, completely focusing the flow of his thoughts on the current enjoyment.
• Speak moments that provoke the onset of neurosis, at least 1-2 times a day. Scientists have proven that, experiencing verbally negative emotions, memories several times, it is easier for a person to come to terms with what happened and stabilize their mental state.

A set of exercises

Performing a set of physical exercises is also considered an effective method of self-relief from stress without the use of drugs.

• Bending the legs, followed by a deviation back.
• Starting position (IP): stand up straight; feet apart from each other at a distance equal to the width of the shoulders; hands on the belt.
• As you exhale, raise one of the legs as high as possible from the floor, while bending it at the knee joint.
• Without pausing at the top point, lower the limb and backbend in the thoracic spine.
• At the moment of tilting the body, it is necessary to spread straight arms to the sides.
• After fixing the received position for 3 seconds, take the initial position.
• Leg raises from a prone position.
• IP: lie on the floor; press the lower back firmly to the floor; stretch legs; place your hands along the body.
• As you exhale, raise the lower limbs without bending them at the same time.
• Without pausing, as slowly as possible, simultaneously with inhalation, take the starting position.
• Swimmer.
• Sit on a hard surface; legs, without bending, spread as wide as possible; pull the feet over; the back is straight; arms extended forward.
• As you exhale, move the body forward, bringing the chest as close to the floor as possible.
• At the moment of changing the position of the body, the arms must be spread apart.
• Having lingered at the lower point for 3-5 seconds, gently return to the PI while inhaling.

Breathing exercises

Due to proper breathing, the brain cells get enough oxygen. Saturation with natural gas contributes to the normalization of metabolic processes in the body, the establishment of the work of vital organs and systems, stabilizes the functioning of nerve cells, and significantly reduces the manifestation of neurotic conditions.

Examples of effective breathing exercises are the following options:

• Take a vertical position; feet as far apart as possible; the back is straight; Place your hands along the body in a free position. At the same time as you inhale, raise your straight arms in front of you, pointing the back of your hand to the floor. Having reached shoulder level, change the trajectory of movement, spreading the upper limbs to the sides. Hold your breath for 2 seconds. In parallel with the exhalation, begin to perform inclinations in different directions, while not changing the position of the lower part of the body.
• Stand directly against a solid support, such as a closet or wall. Rest on the surface with the hands approximately at shoulder level. Taking a slow breath through the nose, bend your arms at the elbow joint. Having touched the support with the head, sharply straighten the limbs, while exhaling through the mouth.

The benefits of massage

Massage actions, unlike the other methods of self-elimination of neuroses listed above, must be performed by a professional. Given the large number of biologically active points located on the human body, they should be affected only if the specialist has the necessary experience and knowledge.

Traditional massage, indicated for neurosis, is done to the patient in several positions.

Sitting, the scalp, face and behind the ear area are usually worked out. Further, after the patient has taken a horizontal position, the massage therapist will act on the points located on the back and collar area.

The only element possible for self-massage is independent circular rubbing of the skin on accessible parts of the body. At the same time, it is extremely important to do this without excessive pressure, while minimizing the impact on active points.

Diet

Considering that the occurrence of neuroses is usually provoked by a deficiency in the body of folic acid, as well as vitamins B and C, experts recommend that those with a mental disorder include in your diet as much as possible:

• bananas;
• citrus fruits;
• asparagus;
• veal liver;
• shrimp;
• fish;
• nuts;
• garlic;
• Luke;
• kiwi;
• cabbage;
• bell peppers.

It is also necessary to observe the drinking regimen and eat fractionally. The final meal should be at least 3 hours before bedtime. Compliance with the above recommendations will help a person not only normalize his mental state, but also avoid gaining excess weight, as well as provide his body with proper rest and recovery at night.

Any neurosis, namely the manifestation of their symptoms in adults, should prompt an immediate reassessment of the daily regimen, an analysis of the events that have occurred, as well as an examination of one's own health.

Having started the restoration of the normal functioning of his nervous system in time, a person will be able to get rid of a mental disorder without resorting to the use of tranquilizers, which are often addictive.

Video about neuroses, their symptoms and treatments

What are neuroses?

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