Sensorineural hearing loss is a pathology of the functioning of the inner ear. Symptoms and treatment of hearing loss of varying degrees What is sensorineural hearing loss 3 degrees

Hearing is very important in our life. Thanks to it, we can perceive a large amount of information coming from the outside world.

When a person for some reason loses his hearing, he not only cannot communicate normally with people, but also normally perceive information from the outside.

Definition of disease, ICD-10 code

Hearing loss is a disturbance in the perception of sound. It can occur with pathologies of the hearing organs. Hearing loss leads to the fact that a person ceases to perceive low-frequency sounds. Namely, with the help of low-frequency sounds, communication between people occurs.

The longer the hearing loss progresses, the greater the threshold of hearing becomes, and this is dangerous with absolute deafness.

Depending on the place where the violation occurred, there are three types of hearing loss:

1. . It is also called sensorineural. In this case, the perception of sounds is disturbed in the area of ​​the inner ear. It is there that the transmission of vibrations of sounds to the auditory nerve occurs. With sensorineural hearing loss, disturbances occur not only in the inner ear, but also in the hearing centers located in the temporal lobes of the brain. In most cases, hearing loss is due to an interruption in the blood supply to the inner ear or an increase in pressure there.
2. Conductive hearing loss. The disease develops due to a malfunction of the sound-conducting apparatus. For this reason, sound waves cannot reach the inner ear, where sensory information is transmitted to the cerebral hemispheres. Very often, conductive hearing loss develops due to abnormal development of the outer ear and tympanic cavity or due to tumor formations.
3. Mixed deafness. In this case, violations occur in all parts of the organ of hearing. There are always several causes of mixed hearing loss.

According to the degree of sound perception, four stages of chronic hearing loss are distinguished.

With hearing loss of 1 degree, hearing is slightly reduced. The norm is 20 DC. And with hearing loss of 1 degree, the threshold rises to 40 DC. In this case, a person normally perceives sound information at a distance of several meters, but if he is not disturbed by any extraneous sounds and noises. At a distance of two meters, a person cannot distinguish what they say to him in a whisper.

A person may sometimes not notice a hearing problem, because in the initial stages the changes are not particularly pronounced. In childhood, it is also difficult to determine degree 1 hearing loss, since children may not complain of hearing problems.

Hearing loss of the 2nd degree is characterized by the fact that the threshold for the perception of sounds rises to 55 DC. Hearing decreases much faster, and it becomes difficult for a person to perceive sounds even in the absence of extraneous noise. The optimal distance for distinguishing sounds is no more than four meters, and a whisper becomes distinguishable only at a distance of no more than one meter.

At this stage, it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor, since medical treatment will still be effective, and complete hearing loss can be avoided.

Deafness of the 3rd degree develops if proper treatment was not carried out at the previous stages or it turned out to be ineffective. In this case, the threshold is 70 DC. A person does not perceive sounds at a distance of more than two meters and cannot distinguish what they say to him in a whisper.

Deafness of the 3rd degree is considered a serious illness, since communication is difficult, it becomes difficult to work and study. At this stage, drug treatment is ineffective.

But the most severe form of the disease is grade 4 hearing loss. In most cases, it turns into deafness. The hearing threshold is over 70 decimal places. It is difficult for a person to distinguish even very loud sounds at a distance of one meter, and he does not distinguish a whisper at all. The main goal of doctors with grade 4 hearing loss is to prevent the threshold from increasing to 90 decis, since in this case complete hearing loss threatens.

Causes in adults

The main causes of hearing loss:

• Perforation of the tympanic membrane.
• Otosclerosis.
• Inflammation in the middle ear or external auditory canal.
• The presence of sulfuric plugs or the ingress of a foreign object into the ear canal.
• Tumors in the external auditory canal and tumors of the vestibulocochlear nerve.
• Acoustic injuries.
• Complications after infectious diseases ().
• Traumatic brain injury.

How to treat otitis in adults is described.

Deafness can lead to disability. Most often, the third group of disability is established, less often - the second. With hearing loss of the 3rd degree, disability is often not determined.

Causes of conductive hearing loss:

• At the level of the outer ear: sulfur plugs, developmental disorders, swelling.
• At the level of the middle ear: otosclerosis, otitis media, damage to the auditory ossicles.

Causes of sensorineural hearing loss:

• Age-related hearing loss.
• Lack of protection against exposure to strong noise.
• Piggy.
• Meningitis.
• Multiple sclerosis.
• High fluid pressure in the inner ear.
• Taking certain medications (antibiotics, quinine, cisplatin).
• Transferred rubella during pregnancy.
• Violation of the blood supply to the auditory nerve.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of hearing loss are hearing loss and tinnitus. As for the noise in the ears, it can either intensify or subside, but it is always present. It has a high frequency, so it is sometimes compared to ringing or whistling. As the hearing loss progresses, dizziness appears.

Hearing loss can progress rapidly (in twelve hours). In this case, hearing may be completely absent. In this case, a sudden neurosensory hearing loss is diagnosed. In acute neurosensory hearing loss, the symptoms manifest themselves gradually. First there is congestion in the ears, which may sometimes disappear, but then reappear.

Chronic sensorineural hearing loss is characterized by gradual hearing loss over many years. But it is always present. What to do if your ear is blocked after fasting, you can find out by.

Antibacterial therapy

Criteria for choosing drugs for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss

The choice of drugs for the treatment of hearing loss depends on its severity. At stages 3 and 4, treatment with drugs is already useless, so you have to install a hearing aid.

If you do not delay the visit to the doctor and start therapy on time, you can slow down hearing loss at an early stage.

Preparations

Currently, nootropic drugs are often prescribed that have an antihypoxic effect - a decrease in insufficient oxygen saturation of the blood. This leads to the fact that the blood supply improves, the auditory nerve receives enough nutrients.

Nootropics are also good neuroprotectors. They strengthen the nervous tissue and protect the sheath of the nerves.

For severe hearing problems, these drugs are administered intravenously for two weeks. After that, the course of treatment lasts for several more months, but the drug is already administered intramuscularly.

Other commonly prescribed medications are antihistamines. Hearing impairment is accompanied by disorders in the labyrinth of the inner ear, and these drugs reduce pressure in the labyrinth and improve blood circulation. In the case of the infectious nature of the disease, antibacterial or antiviral therapy is performed.

Dosages

Doses of all drugs should be selected by the doctor based on the causes of the disease, its degree, individual characteristics (height, weight, age).

The highest dose of an antibacterial drug is allowed only in the first three days after the onset of hearing loss. But if there is no positive result, it is necessary to change the form of administration of the drug.

The course of admission is set based on the results of the tests. Antibiotics are usually given for one week (maximum ten days).

Contraindications

Some drugs have a negative effect on the structure of the inner ear.

The most dangerous antibiotics for hearing loss are considered aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, Streptomycin). They tend to accumulate in the endolymph and perilymph. When such drugs are combined with diuretics, changes in the neurosensory structures of the ear occur, which can no longer be reversed.

• Antibiotics should only be taken with the permission of a doctor.
• You can not self-medicate and choose your own medicines.
• Recommendations for the use of a particular drug are given by a specialist.
• It is necessary to choose the exact dose of antibiotics.

If even more hearing problems appear when taking antibiotics, it is necessary to change the treatment tactics.

Video

conclusions

Violation of the perception of sounds during significantly complicates a person's life. Normally, we must distinguish more than four hundred thousand sounds, but with this disease, the quality of life of the patient decreases, he cannot work and communicate normally.

It should be remembered that it depends on the degree of the disease, on the age of the patient and on other indicators. Only a doctor can prescribe the correct treatment, so you should not postpone a visit to a specialist in order to restore your hearing as soon as possible.

Such a hearing impairment as hearing loss has several degrees of severity: from the mildest, the first degree to the fourth, when almost complete, sometimes irreversible, deafness occurs. Between these two polar states of the disease there is also a second and third degree.

If the second is the condition of the patient of moderate severity, then the third degree is already when the disease has developed into a rather neglected form. Sometimes, with the third degree of hearing loss, they even assign disability to adults, but children almost always. In the article, we will consider the features of hearing loss of the third degree of severity, find out its main types, and how to treat the disease.

Peculiarities

According to the latest medical statistics, almost 12 million people in our country currently have hearing loss of varying severity. About 1 million are minors. As you can see, the numbers are serious enough that you can simply close your eyes to the problem. What are the characteristic features of this stage of hearing loss.

With hearing loss of the 3rd degree, a person with great difficulty can make out the speech of the interlocutor. He practically does not perceive a whisper. All this complicates his communication, greatly complicates his social life. Sometimes it leads to a complete collapse of professional activity, especially if the work is associated with the need for constant and close communication.

This type of hearing loss can be congenital when a child has a defect in the ear canal. In this case, only surgery can help.

In addition, often grade 3 hearing loss develops as a result of age-related changes. It is known that with age, hearing becomes dull in most people, and this is due to the natural processes occurring in the body. If adequate measures are taken in time, the process can be stopped before reaching the third, almost critical stage.

In most cases, when a diagnosis of "deafness of the 3rd degree" is made, medicines and compresses will no longer help a person. He will now begin to hear only with the help of surgery or a hearing aid.

Important: disability with 3 degrees of hearing loss is usually assigned if both auditory canals are affected. With unilateral hearing loss of the 3rd degree, when one of the ears hears clearly, disability is not allowed. In addition, if a hearing aid effectively contributes to the fact that a person with a 3 degree of hearing loss can communicate normally, a disability is also not assigned to him.

Types

What types can be distinguished in this type of hearing loss.

It should be noted that the third degree of hearing loss, as, in fact, all other degrees, can have 2 types: these are conductive, neurosensory and mixed varieties. Their features are below.

Conductive

In the picture - conductive hearing loss 3 degrees

What first aid should be given to a child when his ear hurts, Dr. Komarovsky tells in great detail in this video:

How to use inhalation for dry cough over potatoes, and how effective this remedy is, is indicated in this

How to treat

What techniques, methods and means can be used to alleviate the condition of a patient with a third degree of hearing loss.

It should be noted that the treatment of the disease is directly dependent on its type. Only by establishing the exact cause of hearing loss, the doctor prescribes adequate treatment.

If the hearing loss is conductive, then surgery is usually used to treat it. During the operation, if necessary, deformed auditory ossicles are replaced with healthy ones, some consequences of injuries are removed, tumors that interfere with normal hearing are removed, and other pathologies are dealt with. If surgery is not possible for some reason, hearing aids are used.

Sensorineural hearing loss requires more thorough and complex treatment. In this case, medications are necessary, since hearing impairments in this case are always caused by internal causes. Grade 3 sensorineural hearing loss can be treated with conservative medical intervention. However, if the disease has already acquired a chronic form, hearing aids are most often used.

With a neurosensory form of the disease, drugs that promote the activation of blood circulation in the inner ear can help. Often used and nootropics like piracetam or cerebrolysin.

On the video treatment of hearing loss 3 degrees:

If the hearing loss is caused by an allergic reaction or swelling is present, antihistamines are used. To reduce dizziness, it is recommended to take appropriate drugs that relieve this unpleasant phenomenon. Good help, for example, betahistine.

A good help in the treatment of hearing loss of the 3rd degree will be physiotherapy procedures. It is especially recommended to carry out electrical stimulation of certain points responsible for the normalization of blood circulation in the hearing organs. In addition, a hyperbaric chamber is recommended, where special pressure contributes to the fastest recovery of hearing abilities.

If you want to supplement traditional treatment with folk remedies, do not forget to consult with an audiologist first.

It will also be interesting to know what the price of Uhonorm ear drops is, you can find out from this

For those who want to understand how to properly drip Candibiotic into the ear, and how effective this remedy is, it is described in great detail in this

Hearing disorders in children

What nuances can we note.

Finding out if a child has hearing problems is not difficult for parents. Usually a hearing-impaired child behaves in a very specific way: he does not hear when he is addressed, does not react, his speech is poorly developed, in especially severe cases there is a mental retardation.

If hearing loss of the 3rd degree is congenital, then from the cradle the child does not react to lullabies, he is not disturbed by noisy sounds, he sleeps calmly with a loud TV. In this case, there is a deformation of the ear canal and it is treated surgically. It is necessary to identify this problem as early as possible in order to avoid problems with the intellectual and speech development of the baby.

On the video - the treatment of hearing loss in children:

An older child who develops a hearing pathology may complain of tinnitus, dizziness, and nausea. Most often, hearing loss in children is a complication after suffering otitis media.

Keep in mind that the treatment of children should be carried out only after a complete and comprehensive examination by all the necessary specialists. In relation to children, exactly the same methods of exposure are used as in the treatment of adults. These include drug therapy, physiotherapy, and surgery, if other methods have been exhausted. You can help treatment and folk remedies.

Advice: if you begin to notice that you hear the interlocutor not the first time, although there were no problems with this before, if you often have to ask again, then it is better to visit an audiologist to determine the causes and degree of hearing loss. Like any other disease, it is desirable to treat hearing loss at the very initial stages - in this case, there is a high probability of restoring hearing.

As you can see, grade 3 hearing loss is not a sentence at all. Even if it's too late to have surgery, a hearing aid can always help. But still, it is better not to bring the matter to the need to use a hearing aid, and to treat the disease at an earlier stage.

Often people are faced with a disease such as hearing loss. As a result of this disease, a person's hearing level is sharply reduced. This complicates communication and communication, the whole social life of a person is completely complicated.

Hearing loss can develop, unfortunately, not only in the elderly, but also in the young. Even children are affected by it. In the article, we will consider the features of first-degree hearing loss, find out whether the disease can be cured, and how exactly, we will find out what people say who managed to overcome this disease.

Deafness of 1 degree is the initial stage of the disease. The disease has not yet entered its full force, and it is still far from absolute deafness.

In general, if a diagnosis of "degree 1 hearing loss" is made, this means that the disease is completely reversible.

But it is necessary to urgently begin treatment in order to return hearing to normal.

In scientific language, hearing loss is a persistent impairment of the body's auditory activity, which is manifested by a sharp or gradual deterioration in the perception of sounds.

The disease itself is caused by the fact that the auditory nerves become unusable. The degree of hearing loss depends on how many nerves are affected.

In the first degree, the process of hearing loss is in the initial stage.

Hearing loss is dangerous not only in itself, it also affects the fact that a person's speech begins to deteriorate. In addition, hearing loss causes severe discomfort, because constantly or periodically a person hears unpleasant noise in the ears.

Most often, the disease affects older people, due to age-related changes.

As a result of natural old age, people gradually atrophy the nerve endings of the cochlea.

As a result, this can lead to complete and irreversible hearing loss. In this case, people have to use a hearing aid.

It should be noted that the process of development of hearing loss is irreversible. That is, if hearing loss has begun, then it will continue until the person becomes completely deaf.

However, this will only happen if you do not take timely measures for treatment.

Fortunately, at the first stage of the development of the disease, it can still be easily stopped, and even hearing can be completely restored.

The first degree of hearing loss is characterized by the fact that a person hears only sounds pronounced 3-5 meters away from him. What happens beyond this distance is difficult for him to distinguish, often just as background noise.

The reasons

What are the main factors causing hearing loss of the first degree.

• One of the causes of hearing loss can be called allergic reactions. If this is the reason, then in order to return hearing to normal, antihistamines are prescribed.
• Stress and nervous strain in a regular mode can cause hearing loss.
• Banal hypothermia is one of the main causes of hearing loss.
• Heredity can be a factor that provokes hearing loss. If parents or other blood relatives have had hearing problems that are not related to trauma, it is likely that the same problems will be with the baby.

On the video - treatment of hearing loss:

Symptoms

What are the signs of hearing loss 1 degree:

• The main symptom of the disease is only one - directly, hearing loss.
• In addition, some patients report recurring bouts of dizziness, a feeling of noise in the chest.
• If the disease is not treated in time, speech becomes illegible over time. This symptom is especially common in children.
• Sometimes nausea or even vomiting may occur.
• Children suffering from hearing loss often lag behind their peers in development, their psyche and intellectual abilities develop inadequately for their age. They do worse in school.

Treatment

What means and methods can be used to cure hearing loss of the first degree.

In general, the treatment of this disease occurs with the help of drugs aimed at restoring the level of hearing in humans. In addition to medicines, the doctor often prescribes physiotherapy, which also contribute to the common cause.

Most often, physiotherapy is associated with intensive ear warming sessions.

In the photo - physiotherapy for the ear

If hearing loss is associated with mechanical damage to the eardrum or auditory ossicles, then surgical intervention is most often prescribed. Procedures such as myringo- and tympanoplasty in the vast majority of cases can restore hearing completely.

If hearing loss is caused by cerumen, the latter is removed.

In the case of edema and inflammation in the ear canals, treatment is aimed specifically at getting rid of them. As a rule, after the relief of edema, hearing is restored automatically.

Whatever treatment you have to perform, in any case, you must first go to the doctor. The specialist will prescribe a competent and appropriate treatment for the diagnosis. And folk and home remedies can help the main treatment.

You may also be interested in learning about how to use hydrogen peroxide for ear plugs in children.

Folk remedies

First-degree hearing loss must be treated medically. However, folk methods and home remedies will never be superfluous and may well contribute to a speedy recovery of a person. Consider what methods of traditional medicine can come to the rescue in this case.

Medicinal herbal infusions come to the rescue. They can be taken orally, as well as inhaled for the ears, warming them over hot healing steam. Warm compresses with medicinal herbs and home remedies also provide tangible benefits.

Recipes

• garlic drops. To prepare them, you need to mix olive oil and garlic juice in a ratio of 3: 1. The course of treatment is 2 weeks. During this period, it is necessary to instill a drop of the product into the damaged ear with a pipette in the morning. How to execute a recipe from lemon, garlic, and honey for colds, and how effective this remedy is, is described in great detail in this article. On photo-garlic drops for treatment

• Almond Drops. For treatment with this recipe, you must purchase almond oil at the pharmacy. The course of treatment is a month. Before use, the oil should be warmed up to 37 degrees and instilled 3 drops into the affected ear. The procedure is carried out every other day. What drops with severe nasal congestion should be used and how to choose them is described in great detail in this article. On photo-almond drops
• Laurel decoction. To prepare this tool, you need to take 2 tbsp. tablespoons of chopped dry bay leaves and pour them with a glass of boiling water. The broth must be infused for 2 hours, after which it can be used for instillation. The course of treatment in this case is 2 weeks. Laurel drops should be instilled during this time twice a day - in the morning and in the evening, 3 drops each.

In children

Unfortunately, first-degree hearing loss can develop not only in the elderly. Children often suffer from this disease. What to do in this case

If you notice a hearing loss in a child, it is necessary, without delay, to go to an appointment with a surrogate.

The specialist will determine the degree of hearing loss, whether it exists at all and prescribe treatment.

Modern technologies and techniques make it possible to accurately determine the level of hearing even in infants, not to mention older children.

The danger of hearing loss is that if you do not pay attention to hearing loss, it will constantly progress until it leads to perceptible or even complete deafness.

Depending on the causes of hearing loss and its degree, children are prescribed medication, physiotherapy, and in some cases, only surgery can help.

Sometimes, in order to return the child to normal hearing, he is prescribed the use of a hearing aid.

These devices are good because with their help the child's speech develops normally, and pathological processes in the auditory organs do not occur.

Thanks to prosthetics, it is possible to avoid a delay in the mental and speech development of a child, which often happens due to banal hearing loss.

What drops in the ears with otitis media with an antibiotic should be used first of all, is described in great detail here in the article.

It will also be interesting to learn about how to avoid complications after a sore throat, and what can be used at home.

You may also be interested to know why your ears are blocked after a runny nose.

Reviews

What people who managed to cope with hearing loss of 1 degree say.

• Pavel, 56 years old:“My hearing loss started quietly, so at first I thought it was normal. Until I finally got an appointment with an otolaryngologist. It was then that I found out that I have hearing loss, but, fortunately, the first degree. However, the doctor said that if not treated now, further hearing loss is inevitable. They began to treat: dripped drops, went for warming up, made compresses at home. I didn’t take sick leave, all procedures were performed in the evening after work. About a month later, I began to hear much better. And after 2 months, the doctor said that the treatment was quite successful, and the process of hearing loss was stopped. Therefore, the main thing here is to start treatment in time, at an early stage all processes are still quite reversible.”
• Svetlana, 38 years old:“My son is 9 years old. A year ago, after swimming in a cold lake and hypothermia, his hearing began to decline because of this. Fortunately, we noticed something was wrong in time and went to the doctor. The child was diagnosed with first-degree hearing loss. With the help of timely treatment, his hearing was completely restored. Now he does not go without a hat and protects his ears. I advise everyone to be attentive to their health and immediately go to the doctor if they notice hearing problems.

Prevention

Don't close your ears. Often hearing loss occurs with hypothermia of the ears. It happens both while walking in the cold without a hat, and when swimming in a cold pool or pond. Take care of your ears, especially in children.

If a person works at an enterprise where there is noise and hum all the time - this usually happens in large workshops, he needs to regularly test his hearing on a special device. Since in conditions of permanent background noise, hearing can decrease completely imperceptibly, smoothly.

We learned what first-degree hearing loss is and how to deal with it. As you can see, at an early stage there is every chance to return hearing to its previous, healthy state.

Therefore, at the first symptoms of hearing loss, consult a doctor and begin appropriate treatment. Pay close attention to your child's hearing.

With a vigilant attitude to health, problems with hearing loss do not threaten you.

Source: http://ProLor.ru/u/bolezni/tugouxost/1-stepeni-lechenie.html

Hearing loss treatment, causes, symptoms: Hearing loss 1 2 3 4 degrees in a child

→ Information about diseases → Hearing loss treatment, causes, symptoms: Hearing loss 1 2 3 4 degrees in a child

Hearing loss is hearing loss which makes it difficult to communicate with other people.

Hearing loss in a child, as a rule, leads to a delay in psychoverbal development, because he learns to speak by imitating what he hears, and “underheard” words lead to speech defects.

The more the hearing is reduced, the more severe the delay in psychoverbal development.

Therefore, it is important for children with hearing loss for normal development:

• Find the cause of the deafness.
• Eliminate or have a therapeutic effect on the very cause of hearing loss.
• If necessary, select a hearing aid.
• And also to have a complex effect on the delay in the development of speech.

Diagnosis of hearing loss

To detect hearing loss in children right in the hospital conduct a study - auditory evoked potentials. However, in this case, only congenital hearing loss is detected.

This type of hearing loss develops in a baby if during pregnancy his mother suffered a disease such as influenza, rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis.

The degree of congenital hearing loss is usually severe, but in real life it is rare. Hereditary hearing loss is also rare.

Many children develop hearing loss after birth and are diagnosed at a later stage. For example, at 3-4 years old, when they begin to look for the reason for the delay in the development of speech in a baby, and it turns out that this is reduced hearing.

To determine the degree of hearing loss in children at this age, an audiogram is performed.

Hearing loss in children is subdivided into sensorineural hearing loss.(similar term - sensorineural hearing loss) and conductive hearing loss.

Hearing loss is caused by impaired conduction of sound waves through the ear canal, damaged eardrum, or inflamed ossicles of the middle ear.

The most harmless cause of conductive hearing loss- sulfur plug (washed out with saline at the appointment with an ENT doctor).

But in children, chronic otitis media (inflammation of the middle ear) is much more likely to cause conductive hearing loss, and grade 3-4 adenoids, a chronic focus of infection in the nasopharynx, and reduced immunity can lead to otitis media.

Hearing loss is caused by damage to the auditory analyzer of the nervous system: damage to the cochlea (the organ of hearing) or the auditory nerve, pathways and hearing zones of the brain.

Cause of sensorineural hearing loss most often lies in birth trauma, deep prematurity, hydrocephalus, perinatal pathology, ischemic damage to the central nervous system.

The cochlea (organ of hearing) often suffers from the use of ototoxic antibiotics - aminoglycosides (gentamicin, streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, monomycin, etc.).

In children with hydrocephalus, the pathways (demyelination) are usually affected, and the cochlea “hears” sounds, but they “do not reach” the brain along the damaged pathways.

With hydrocephalus, increased intracranial pressure also puts pressure on the auditory nerve, pathways and on the auditory areas of the cerebral cortex, preventing their normal operation. The lack of oxygen during pregnancy and childbirth leads to hypoxic-ischemic damage to the auditory zones in the cerebral cortex. With a birth injury of the cervical spine, the normal blood flow through the vertebral arteries is disturbed, as a result of which the blood supply to the cochlea and the auditory nerve suffers. Many children have mixed hearing loss. That is, in childbirth, the nervous system also suffered and there is, for example, chronic otitis media.

Degrees of sensorineural hearing loss:

Sensorineural hearing loss 1 degree(26-40 dB) the child does not hear quiet sounds, cannot make out human speech in a noisy environment. Distinguishes colloquial speech at a distance of no more than 6 meters, and "whispered" - from a distance of 1-3 meters.

In children with 1 degree of sensorineural hearing loss, pronunciation often suffers and they sometimes ask again.
Sensorineural hearing loss 2 degrees(40-55dB) is the reason for the "underhearing" of quiet and medium-loud sounds.

Conversational speech is perceived at a distance of 4 meters, and a whisper is caught only at the ear.

In children with 2 degrees of hearing loss, speech development is delayed, the child is reluctant to enter into speech contact, if there is speech, then it is usually poor, The child answers questions in monosyllables (yes, no, etc.), pronounces many words incorrectly, due to "overheard".

Sensorineural hearing loss grade 3(55-70 dB) is characterized by the inability to distinguish most sounds, the child's communication with other people is sharply difficult.

"Whispered" speech is not perceived at all, and conversational speech is only from a distance of 1 meter, if you speak loudly with him. In children with 3 degrees of hearing loss, as a rule, a gross delay in psychoverbal development is formed, he does not understand and does not fulfill requests and does not try to talk.

Sensorineural hearing loss grade 4(70-90 dB) the child can only hear very loud sounds, the condition borders on deafness. In children with 4 degrees of hearing loss, speech does not develop at all. If the hearing aid does not improve hearing, then at grade 4 they resort to a complex surgical intervention - cochlear implantation.

Treatment of hearing loss in a child

It is important to identify and treat hearing loss in a child in time. An ENT doctor treats chronic otitis media, enlarged adenoids can be removed with a laser (laser reduction of adenoids).

If a child suffered a birth injury at birth, then treatment methods that improve the functioning of the central nervous system will help improve hearing:

Microcurrent reflexology for sensorineural hearing loss is carried out according to an individual program:

1. Improving the blood supply to the cochlea and the auditory nerve (by relieving spasm of the vertebral arteries). 2. Stimulation of the auditory nerve to improve the conduction of nerve impulses through it. 3. Activation of the areas of hearing and speech understanding of the cerebral cortex.

4. Activation of the speech areas of the brain responsible for

• speech understanding,
• desire to make verbal contact,
• vocabulary set,
• sentence building skills.

5. Normalization of the tone of the cerebral vessels leads to a decrease in the production of cerebrospinal fluid (intracerebral fluid) and intracranial pressure stabilizes.
6. Reducing excitability in neurotic, disinhibited and aggressive children improves their adaptation in kindergarten and increases the effectiveness of classes with a speech therapist.

Drug therapy for sensorineural hearing loss
carried out in between courses of microcurrent reflexology:

- Vitamins of group B and preparations containing phospholipids (lecithin, ceraxon, gliatilin, etc.) are necessary to restore the affected pathways of the nervous system and the auditory nerve. – Vascular drugs - improve the blood supply to the cochlea, the auditory nerve. - Nootropics (cortexin, mexidol, ceraxon, actovegin, etc.) - nourish and restore the affected nervous system. - To stabilize intracranial pressure in children, it is preferable to use not diacarb, but diuretic herbs (horsetail, fennel, lingonberry leaf). As well as "horse chestnut" (escusan), which strengthens the vessels of the venous plexuses that produce cerebrospinal fluid and thus reduces intracranial pressure.

drug therapy each child is selected strictly individually, depending on the causes of sensorineural hearing loss after the course of the main treatment - Microcurrent reflexology.

Goal of hearing loss treatment: Not only improve hearing, but the most important thing is to run correct development of speech and learning skills.

Children with sensorineural hearing loss also need - Classes with a speech pathologist-defectologist and a child psychologist:

Developing classes are aimed at expanding horizons, developing fine motor skills, thinking, studying such concepts as color, size, developing counting, reading and writing skills.

Some children in the classroom can do without a hearing aid, others without a hearing aid do not hear well enough to develop properly. In this case, wearing a hearing aid is mandatory.

But there will still be an improvement in hearing and speech against the background of complex treatment.

If the child has a degree 4 hearing loss and has already undergone surgery for cochlear implantation, but speech has not developed to the age norm, the child is excitable and poorly absorbs educational material, microcurrent reflexology can also help him.

TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH A COCHLEAR IMPLANT IS CARRIED OUT ONLY IN THE CENTRAL DEPARTMENT OF THE REACENTER IN SAMARA.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO START TREATMENT OF HEARING LOSS IN TIME

Learn more about hearing loss treatment you can get
by phone 8-800-22-22-602 (call within RUSSIA is free)
Microcurrent reflexology for the treatment of hearing loss 1, 2, 3, 4 degrees, as well as other hearing problems are carried out only in the subdivisions of "Reacenter" in the cities: Samara, Kazan, Volgograd, Orenburg, Tolyatti, Saratov, Ulyanovsk, Naberezhnye Chelny, Izhevsk, Ufa, Astrakhan, Yekaterinburg, St. Petersburg, Kemerovo, Kaliningrad, Barnaul, Chelyabinsk.

Source: http://www.reacenter.ru/info/tugouhost-trechenie/

Hearing loss in children

Hearing loss in children- hearing loss of varying severity, making it difficult to perceive speech and surrounding sounds.

Symptoms of hearing loss in children can be a lack of response to the sound of a toy, a mother's voice, a call, requests, whispered speech; lack of cooing and babble; violation of speech and mental development, etc.

Diagnosis of hearing loss in children includes otoscopy, audiometry, acoustic impedancemetry, registration of otoacoustic emissions, and determination of auditory EPs.

Taking into account the causes and type of hearing loss in children, medical and physiotherapeutic treatment, hearing aids, methods of functional otosurgery, cochlear implantation can be used.

Hearing loss in children is a violation of the auditory function, in which the perception of sounds is difficult, but to some extent preserved.

Hearing loss in children is the subject of study of pediatric otolaryngology, audiology, and otoneurology.

In Russia, the number of children and adolescents with hearing loss and deafness is more than 600 thousand, while in 0.3% of patients, hearing impairments are congenital, and in 80% of children, they occur in the first three years of life.

Hearing loss in childhood is closely related to the development of the child's speech function and intelligence, so early detection and rehabilitation of children with hearing loss is an important task of practical pediatrics.

Classification of hearing loss in children

Taking into account the etiological conditionality, hereditary, congenital and acquired hearing loss in children are distinguished. Depending on the localization of damage in the auditory analyzer, it is customary to distinguish:

• sensorineural (sensorineural) hearing loss in children, developing as a result of damage to the sound-perceiving apparatus: the inner ear, the auditory nerve, or the central parts of the auditory analyzer.
• conductive hearing loss in children, developing as a result of damage to the sound-conducting apparatus: the outer ear, eardrum and middle ear (auditory ossicles).
• mixed hearing loss in children, in which the functions of sound conduction and sound perception are simultaneously impaired.

In the structure of childhood hearing loss, sensorineural lesions are detected in 91% of cases, conductive lesions in 7%, and mixed lesions in the rest.

The severity of hearing loss in children is assessed on the basis of speech and tone audiometry data:

• 1 degree (26-40 dB) - the child hears conversational speech from a distance of 4-6 m, whispered speech - from a distance of 1-3 m; does not distinguish speech against the background of extraneous noise, distant speech;
• 2 degree (41-55 dB) - the child distinguishes colloquial speech only from a distance of 2-4 m, whispered speech - from a distance of 1 m;
• Grade 3 (56-70 dB) - the child hears spoken language only from a distance of 1-2 m; whispered speech becomes indistinguishable;
• Grade 4 (71-90 dB) - the child does not distinguish between spoken language.

An increase in the hearing threshold above 91 dB is regarded as deafness.

According to the time of occurrence of hearing loss, prelingual (onset before the development of speech) and postlingual (onset after the onset of speech) hearing loss in children are distinguished.

Hereditary sensorineural hearing loss in children in most cases is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner; less often - according to the dominant type.

In this case, the child has irreversible, non-progressive changes in the organ of hearing due to bilateral impairment of sound perception.

The hereditary form of hearing loss in 80% of children occurs in isolation, in other cases it is part of the structure of many genetic syndromes.

Of the more than 400 known syndromes, including sensorineural hearing loss in children, the most common are Down syndrome, Patau, Alport, Pendred, Ledparod, Kleipel-Feil, and others.

The development of congenital hearing loss in children is facilitated by various pathological effects on the auditory analyzer in the prenatal period.

The greatest danger to the developing organ of hearing of the fetus is infectious diseases suffered by a pregnant woman in the first trimester: rubella, influenza, herpes, measles, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus infection, tuberculosis, syphilis. These and other intrauterine infections, as a rule, lead to damage to the sound-perceiving part of the auditory analyzer, and the severity of hearing loss in children can vary from mild hearing loss to complete deafness.

Congenital hearing pathology in a child can be caused by various chronic diseases of the mother (thyrotoxicosis, diabetes mellitus, anemia, beriberi), the pregnant woman taking ototoxic drugs (neomycin, streptomycin, gentamicin, kanamycin, etc.), occupational hazards, alcohol intoxication (fetal alcohol syndrome) etc. Often the cause of hearing loss in a child is hemolytic disease, fetal asphyxia, intracranial birth trauma, and malformations of the hearing organ. Prematurity (birth weight less than 1500 kg) is a risk factor for the development of congenital hearing loss in children.

The causes of acquired hearing loss in children affect the normally formed hearing organ already in the postnatal period.

Sulfur plugs, foreign bodies of the ear, perforation of the eardrum, adenoids, chronic rhinitis, tonsillitis, recurrent otitis media, injuries of various parts of the ear and other diseases of the ENT organs can lead to hearing loss in a child.

In addition, hearing loss in children can be a complication of common infections (SARS, mumps, scarlet fever, diphtheria, encephalitis, meningitis, neonatal sepsis), hydrocephalus, craniocerebral injuries involving the temporal bone pyramid, drug intoxication, vaccination of children. The development of acquired sensorineural hearing loss is facilitated by the fascination of adolescents with listening to loud music through the player's headphones.

role in the recognition of hearing loss in children is given to the observation of parents.

Adults should be alerted if up to 4 months the child has no reaction to loud sounds; by 4-6 months there are no pre-speech vocalizations; by 7-9 months, the child cannot determine the source of the sound; Vocabulary is missing at the age of 1-2 years.

Older children may not respond to whispered or spoken language spoken to them from behind; do not respond to your name; ask the same question several times, do not distinguish the sounds of the environment, speak louder than necessary, “read from the lips”.

Children with hearing loss are characterized by systemic underdevelopment of speech: there is a polymorphic violation of sound pronunciation and pronounced difficulties in auditory differentiation of phonemes; extreme limited vocabulary, gross distortions of the sound-syllabic structure of the word, unformed lexical-grammatical structure of speech. All this causes the formation of various types of dysgraphia and dyslexia in hearing-impaired schoolchildren.

Hearing loss during therapy with ototoxic drugs in children usually manifests itself 2-3 months after the start of treatment and is bilateral.

Hearing loss can reach 40-60 dB.

The first signs of hearing loss in children are more often vestibular disorders (gait instability, dizziness), tinnitus.

Diagnosis of hearing loss in children

At the screening stage, the neonatologist, pediatrician and pediatric otolaryngologist play a leading role in diagnosing hearing loss in children.

Particular attention in the first year of life should be given to the identification of congenital and hereditary hearing loss in children at risk.

In well-hearing newborns, in response to sounds, various unconditional reactions are normally recorded (blinking, dilated pupils, Moro reflex, inhibition of the sucking reflex, etc.).

From 3-4 months in a child, it is possible to determine the ability to localize a sound source. An otoscopy is performed to detect pathology of the outer ear and tympanic membrane.

To study the auditory function in young children with suspected hearing loss, playing audiometry is used, in schoolchildren - speech and tone threshold audiometry, tuning fork hearing test.

The methods of objective audiological diagnostics include acoustic impedancemetry (tympanometry), registration of auditory evoked potentials, otoacoustic emission. In order to determine the location of the lesion of the auditory analyzer, electrocochleography is used.

An in-depth examination of the auditory function makes it possible to judge the degree and nature of hearing loss in children.

Upon receipt of data for the presence of hearing loss in a child, further management of the patient is carried out by specialists in audiology, otoneurologists, and hearing prosthetists.

Treatment of hearing loss in children

All methods of treatment and rehabilitation of children with hearing loss are divided into medication, physiotherapy, functional and surgical. In some cases, it is enough to carry out simple procedures (removal of a sulfur plug or removal of a foreign body in the ear) to restore hearing.

With conductive hearing loss in children caused by a violation of the integrity of the tympanic membrane and auditory ossicles, a hearing-improving operation is usually required (myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, prosthetics of the auditory ossicles, etc.).

Drug therapy of sensorineural hearing loss in children is carried out taking into account the etiological factor and the degree of hearing loss.

With a decrease in hearing of vascular origin, drugs are prescribed that improve cerebral hemodynamics and blood supply to the inner ear (vinpocetine, nicotinic acid, papaverine, aminofillin, bendazol).

In the infectious nature of hearing loss in children, non-toxic antibiotics are the first-line drugs. In acute intoxication, detoxification, dehydration and metabolic therapy, hyperbaric oxygenation are carried out.

Of the non-drug methods of treating hearing loss in children, pneumomassage of the tympanic membrane, acupuncture, magnetotherapy, endural phonophoresis and electrophoresis are used.

In many cases, the only way to rehabilitate children with sensorineural hearing loss is hearing aids. In the presence of appropriate indications, children with sensorineural hearing loss are performed cochlear implantation.

Comprehensive rehabilitation of children suffering from hearing loss includes the assistance of a speech therapist, a teacher of the deaf, a speech pathologist, and a child psychologist.

Prediction and prevention of hearing loss in children

Timely detection of hearing loss in children helps to avoid delays in speech development, retardation in intellectual development, and the development of secondary psychological layers. With early treatment of hearing loss in children, in most cases, it is possible to achieve hearing stabilization and successfully implement rehabilitation measures.

Prevention of hearing loss in children includes the exclusion of perinatal risk factors, vaccination, prevention of diseases of the upper respiratory tract, refusal to take ototoxic drugs. To ensure the harmonious development of children with hearing loss, they need comprehensive medical and pedagogical support at all age stages.

Hearing loss is called a violation of the perception of sounds, which occurs as a result of pathological changes in the functioning of the human hearing apparatus. People suffering from this disease lose the ability to perceive low-frequency sounds, which carry out the entire process of communicating with each other. Over time, depending on the degree of hearing loss, their hearing threshold rises more and more, which can lead to complete hearing loss.

Depending on the localization of disorders in the ear, three types of the disease are distinguished: sensorineural, conductive and mixed.

Neurosensory type

The neurosensory type of the disease, or, as it is often called, sensorineural hearing loss, is characterized by impaired perception of sounds directly in the inner ear, where sound vibrations are transmitted to the nerve.

Often, with this type of disease, not only the sound-perceiving apparatus undergoes pathological changes, but also the centers of hearing in the temporal lobes of the brain, which further impairs the patient's hearing.

All three ear regions may be affected

There are many reasons for the development of sensorineural pathological changes both in adulthood and in young children. Usually they are all associated with impaired blood supply or increased pressure in the inner ear.

Conductive type

Conductive hearing loss is associated with disturbances in the functioning of the human sound-conducting apparatus, as a result of which not all sound waves reach the inner ear, from where sensory information is sent for processing to the cerebral hemispheres.

The doctor must first determine the localization of the pathology in the ear canal

The causes of this type of disease are neoplasms and developmental pathologies in the outer ear or in the tympanic cavity.

mixed type

Usually, a person has only a sensorineural or conductive type of the disease, however, it also happens that disorders are observed immediately in all parts of the ear, then we can talk about mixed hearing loss.

If the first two types are characterized by the presence of at least one reason for the occurrence of hearing impairment, then with a mixed type there are usually several of them at once.

Stages of development of the disease

If in children the acute stage of the disease is most often distinguished, then over the years it tends to slowly progress and turn into chronic hearing loss.

Children experience hearing loss just as often as adults.

Depending on the threshold of audibility (the minimum sound level that a person's hearing aid can pick up), it is customary to distinguish 4 degrees (stages) of a chronic disease in a patient.

1st degree

Deafness of the 1st degree is characterized by a relatively small decrease in audibility. From the norm of 20 decimal points, the auditory threshold rises only to 40 decimal points.

At a distance of several meters, provided there are no extraneous sounds, a person does not experience any problems with audibility, he distinguishes all the words in a conversation. However, in a noisy environment, the ability to hear the speech of interlocutors is clearly deteriorating. It also becomes difficult to hear whispers at a distance of more than 2 meters.

The problem of the early stage of the disease is that a person rarely notices that he has begun to hear worse, since the changes at the beginning are insignificant. Therefore, it is very rare to see a doctor, and it is at the beginning that it is easiest to slow down the progression of the disease with the help of drug treatment.

It is especially difficult to determine the first degree in a child, since complaints are almost always absent.

2nd degree

Grade 2 is characterized by a progressive loss of the ability to hear normally and a change in the threshold up to 55 DC inclusive.

In people at this stage, hearing begins to rapidly decline, they can no longer hear normally even in the absence of extraneous noise. They cannot distinguish a whisper at a distance of more than a meter, and ordinary speech at a distance of more than 4 meters.

At this stage, the symptoms of the disease are more pronounced, because a person often begins to ask again during a conversation, especially on the phone. There is also a need to listen to music or watch TV at a higher volume than before. Children also begin to complain that they have become less hearing.

At the 2nd stage, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible. Medicines are still effective, so timely treatment can protect against total deafness in the future.

3rd degree

If at the first two stages the patient was not treated, or if it did not have the expected effect, then the disease develops into a severe 3rd degree. The threshold reaches a value of 70 DC, a person completely does not hear at a distance of more than two meters and does not distinguish between a whisper.

This stage is considered a severe form of the disease, because it becomes extremely difficult for a person to communicate with others, to study and work comfortably. If you start drug treatment so late, then, unfortunately, it may not bring the expected result.

4th degree

The most severe form of hearing loss is grade 4 hearing loss. Unfortunately, it often develops into complete deafness. According to audiometry, the threshold of hearing reaches a disappointing value of 70 decimal places, and even the loudest sounds become extremely difficult to hear.

At this stage, the patient does not hear a whisper at all, and it is difficult to distinguish colloquial speech only at a distance of no more than 1 meter. The main task of doctors during this period is to prevent the threshold from rising to values ​​above 90 DC, because in this case the ear will not be able to perceive sounds of any frequency and volume. There will be deafness.

Disability and military service

In accordance with the laws of the Ministry of Health, a 3rd degree disability can be obtained by a person with a 3-4 degree hearing loss in a better hearing ear. Usually, patients with bilateral hearing loss in the last stage fall into this category.

Older people are often disabled because of hearing loss.

However, for young men with a severe stage of the disease, even if one ear is affected, the army is contraindicated in most cases. More details can only be judged by the audiogram.

Often in children, the acute form of the disease progresses very quickly, and they become disabled at a fairly young age. They usually attend specialized schools for children with hearing impairments, where they are helped to learn the language of the deaf and dumb.

Modern methods of treatment

Treatment always directly depends on the severity of the disease. Unfortunately, for patients at a severe stage, drug treatment in most cases no longer helps, they cannot do without the installation of a hearing aid.

However, if you consult a doctor in time and start taking medication, then hearing loss can be significantly slowed down even at the initial stage.

Medications

In modern medicine, the use of nootropic drugs is often practiced. They have a pronounced antihypoxic property, that is, they reduce insufficient blood oxygen saturation. As a result, the blood supply to the inner ear improves and the flow of nutrients to the acoustic nerve increases.

Cochlear implant placement has changed the lives of millions of people

Also, nootropics are considered excellent neuroprotectors, they protect the myelin sheath of the nerves, thereby strengthening the nervous tissue as a whole.

In severe hearing impairment, such drugs are prescribed intravenously for 2 weeks, then the treatment continues for several more months, but the drugs are already administered intramuscularly.

In second place in popularity are antihistamines. The thing is that often hearing problems are accompanied by disorders in the labyrinth of the inner ear, which is the main part of the vestibular apparatus. Antihistamines help reduce pressure in the labyrinth, thereby improving blood flow.

When Medicines No Longer Help

Indeed, in the later stages of the disease, drug treatment often loses its effectiveness. Many patients, in order to be able to regain the joy of communicating with others, begin to use artificial hearing aids.

Fortunately, modern designs are small, so they are almost invisible to others, and the quality of the new devices is much superior to their predecessors.

For those who are not suitable for the use of the device, doctors offer a prompt solution to the problem - the installation of a cochlear implant. This operation is suitable for those whose disorders are caused by pathological changes in the inner ear, namely the organ of Corti, which perceives and transmits sound vibrations to the auditory nerve. The implant completely takes over all its functions, thereby once and for all solving the patient's hearing problems.

Deafness is hearing loss. There are several degrees: 1st - the primary degree of development of deafness, in which hearing falls slightly. Hearing loss is easily restored on an outpatient basis with medication. 2nd - a more complex degree of development of the disease, but even with it you can get rid of hearing loss and restore it completely. The only condition is to see a doctor at the first negative signal. If the form is running, then conventional drug therapy will be powerless, and the doctor will prescribe an operation. Grade 3 is already a serious disease of the auditory system. A person hears very poorly, and even distinguishes loud sounds at a distance of no more than 3 meters. It interferes with his daily life. He cannot adapt as much as possible in society or completely protect himself on the street. After all, even the noise of the engine of an approaching car, he practically does not hear. With such a disease, traditional methods alone cannot be dispensed with. An operation is required. And if she did not help, then the apparatus that amplifies the sound. How does this severe stage of hearing loss occur? And can it be prevented? Consider in this article.

The 3rd degree of hearing loss is divided into types, the main of which are:

All of them arise in connection with pathologies of the organs of the ear system, which, as you know, is complex and consists of many tissues, fibers, cartilage, bones, nerve canals, etc. The perception of sound in a person depends on the healthy state of the auditory nerves, the absence of pathology on the nerve roots and endings closely connected with the brain. In case of violation of these systems, malfunctions in the operation of the auditory organ of the above types occur.

Neurosensory

Sensorineural hearing loss of the 3rd degree, as a rule, occurs due to infection of the ear system. The infection can affect the hearing receptors both from the outside and by the internal process - through the blood or the work of the lymphatic system. Hair fibers are infected, the infection quickly spreads through the tissues of the organs and destroys healthy cells. The receptors die, therefore, the perception of sound decreases. When a large area of ​​the ear system is inflamed and a huge number of healthy cells are destroyed, the decrease in the sound signal becomes more and more, the person loses his hearing and ceases to perceive even loud intelligible speech. Sensorineural hearing loss of the 3rd degree occurs.

sensorineural

One of the varieties of the neurosensory form is sensorineural hearing loss, the causes of which are of the same nature. There are many subspecies of the disease. If there is a destruction of receptors, then doctors talk about receptor sensorineural hearing loss; with the destruction of the auditory nerve - about retrocochlear; if the disease concerns the subcortex of the brain, where the sound signal is reflected, then it is customary to call these pathologies central. With hearing loss of the 3rd degree in this form, poor blood circulation is observed.

Mixed hearing loss includes conductive disorders, mainly of a mechanical nature and the neurosensory nature of the pathology. For example, when there is a mechanical rupture of the eardrum and an additional infectious disease that spreads to the ear system. Then there is a mixed form of the disease.

Only an otolaryngologist can determine which type of grade 3 hearing loss you develop after high-precision clinical and laboratory studies.

Deafness of the 3rd degree has a wide range of causes. The disease may be the result of grade 3 hearing loss with improper treatment or after incomplete treatment. Also, the disease can occur in a person with a genetic predisposition. As a rule, the 3rd degree of hearing loss is the result of the fact that previous milder diseases of the ear system were not cured. Or in other words, the 3rd degree is a neglected form of hearing loss that requires emergency treatment.

This stage of the disease can occur as a complication of chronic diseases of the circulatory system, nervous system and any human organ. The main causative agents of the disease can be:

Then they talk about the inflammatory nature of the onset of the disease. In addition, the reasons may be:

• mechanical;
• thermal;
• chemical;
• traumatological;
• physical characters.

With the development of the disease to the 3rd degree, as a rule, a combination of 2 or more causes is observed. So, for example, when the ear zone is injured and, as a result, the cartilage and ear bones are displaced, the activation of staphylococcus aureus is added, that is, the mechanical causes are supplemented by the inflammatory process. So, the 3rd degree can be provoked by:

• various infections;
• intoxication of the body;
• prolonged high exposure to noise;
• physiological changes in the body due to age.

Signs of hearing loss 3 degrees are:

• inability to hear a whisper even at close range;
• catching the head at a distance of up to 3 meters;
• violation of speech functions;
• dizziness;
• violation of coordination of movement;
• intermittent tinnitus.

Pain may also occur, for example, after a sharp pop, when the cause of the rupture of the eardrum is associated with the physical nature of the occurrence. A sharp change in external pressure leads to a violation of the internal organ of the ears. If the gap is large, then degree 3 hearing loss may occur. It should be noted that the symptoms of this type of disease are very diverse and depend on:

• patient's age;
• the presence of chronic diseases;
• heredity.

But there are also patients who do not experience a single symptom, except that they have become noticeably worse in hearing. In any case, and with any symptomatology, qualified medical attention is needed.

Treatment of hearing loss 3 degrees

After a diverse diagnosis and taking into account your individual characteristics, the doctor will prescribe a treatment complex for you. There are no specific prescriptions, each patient is treated according to his own scheme and for specific indications, depending on:

• causes of illness;
• reversibility or irreversibility of the process;
• the amount of destruction in the system;
• patient's age;
• personal intolerance to components, etc.

The doctor determines the criteria for treatment procedures after an extensive diagnosis, which at the 3rd stage of hearing loss may include computer diagnostics, ultrasound, tomography, and other modern diagnostic methods. When the diagnosis is made, complex treatment begins, which may consist of:

Medically

Treatment of grade 3 hearing loss requires potent drugs:

• antibiotics;
• immunomodulators;
• antihistamines;
• improving blood circulation;
• anti-inflammatory drugs, etc.

As a rule, medicines are prescribed for the first days in the form of injections and droppers. Over time, therapy becomes more gentle. But at the 3rd stage, drug treatment is not always effective. Then an operation is possible, and if it is inappropriate, a disability of the 3rd degree. Disability is put freely to children and the elderly. The rest of the categories are disabled when both ears are affected - that is, bilateral hearing loss of the 3rd degree is developed.

Physiotherapy

In addition to drugs, physiotherapy is necessary at this stage. Often used electrical stimulation of points that contribute to the normalization of blood circulation in the hearing organs. The doctor may also recommend a hyperbaric chamber, where special pressure contributes to the fastest recovery of hearing abilities.

Folk remedies

If the process is reversible, then phyto procedures can also be included in the complex. Infusions, teas, herbal drops are not very effective at this stage of the disease. But sometimes the doctor may advise a decoction of hops, or drops in the ears from warm almond oil. Perhaps the advice will relate to garlic, St. John's wort, propolis, etc. But only a doctor will say whether it is advisable to use folk remedies in the treatment of your ear disease.

Is it possible to cure hearing loss 3 degrees

This disease is treated, but mostly when it was the result of untreated hearing loss of the 1st or 2nd degree. Another condition for a positive decision is a timely visit to the doctor. If the disease is neglected and burdened with concomitant diseases, then it is almost impossible to cure it. Then the doctor advises hearing aid and disability. Today, there are many modern hearing aids that are convenient to use, because:

Prevention

If you do not want to get a disability and use a hearing aid for life, then take care of your health on time. Even if you do not have hearing problems, then go through preventive diagnostics at least once a year. If the pathology is detected at the earliest stages, then you can cure it quickly and without consequences. But if, nevertheless, the disease is delayed, then follow all the recommendations of the doctor and at least enter a long-term stable rehabilitation.

Monitor the health of your auditory area carefully:

• properly engage in hygiene of the ear zone;
• for colds and inflammations, immediately contact a therapist and get treated properly;
• try to avoid injury, especially to the head;
• do not be upset and take care of your nerves;
• consult a doctor even with minimal symptoms.

Conclusion

To endure pain, discomfort in the ear area, noise and hearing loss is by no means impossible. The clinics have all the conditions for effective, safe and painless treatment.

Hearing loss 2nd and 3rd degree: symptoms, treatment and disability

Deafness in our time is becoming global. The range of patients today has greatly expanded and is observed in people of any age category. Often the disease leads to deafness, so in order to avoid serious complications, you should know the symptoms of this disease in order to start treatment on time.

Hearing loss is a decrease in hearing when the ability to communicate verbally is significantly reduced. Sometimes the patient does not hear the whisper of the interlocutor, he is able to distinguish only loud voices. As a result, the possibility of full communication with people is significantly reduced. At the moment, hearing loss is not only a problem for the elderly, but also for the younger generation.

The main symptom of hearing loss is considered to be hearing loss, which manifests itself in certain frequency ranges. Sometimes there is a slight hearing loss of varying severity. Hearing impairment and disorders can be identified by some of its characteristic symptoms:

1. Unintelligible speech.
2. The appearance of tinnitus.
3. Vertigo accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Children who have hearing loss are prone to a lag in the development of the psyche, as well as speech.

Usually hearing loss is detected in childhood. One of the main causes of hearing loss is middle ear disease.

In adults, the disturbance is often associated with industrial noise in the workplace. Also, atherosclerosis or intoxication with toxic substances can lead to hearing loss. The cause of hearing loss in people of retirement age is physiological changes in the middle ear.

Degrees of the disease

In medicine, hearing loss is divided into four degrees:

• the first - the patient does not hear a whisper and is not able to make out speech, being at a small distance from the interlocutor;
• the second - the patient does not hear the interlocutor well in a noisy environment;
• the third - only very loud speech is clearly perceived, communication with several interlocutors causes difficulties;
• fourth - loud speech is almost not perceived, a conversation on the phone is not heard.

Depending on the age and time of development, hearing loss can be divided into three types:

1. Sudden. The development of this disorder can occur in a few hours. Tumors, exposure to herpes viruses, trauma, measles can provoke sudden hearing loss. This disease is unilateral and resolves on its own within a week, but is sometimes irreversible if not treated.
2. Chronic. With this form of the disorder, hearing loss occurs gradually and may develop over two to three months. Chronic hearing loss is progressive in nature, and treatment does not give the desired result.
3. Acute deafness. The period of its development lasts from 2 to 5 days and is accompanied by a slow decrease in auditory function.

Degree of development and disability

Treatment of hearing loss of the 2nd degree is carried out according to a certain scheme, during which it is not recommended to use a hearing aid. For several months, the hearing aid improves hearing, but then the perception of sound drops sharply. This is due to the fact that the ear does not perform its functions, the apparatus performs this function for it.

With a diagnosis of bilateral hearing loss of the 4th degree, the patient is given a disability of the third group. If the patient is diagnosed with the 3rd degree of the disease, and at the same time the hearing aid provides an acceptable perception of sound, disability is not allowed. Children with a diagnosis of the 3rd and 4th degree of hearing loss are necessarily assigned a disability.

Treatment: methods and methods

For the treatment of hearing loss, methods such as:

1. Surgical intervention. It is recommended for use in case of damage to the tympanic membrane and auditory ossicle. In most cases, tympanoplasty is used to restore hearing.
2. Medications, hearing aids and physiotherapy are used in the diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss.
3. Electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve. It is used for the treatment of mixed forms.

In addition to these methods, you can use folk remedies as an addition to the main course of therapy.

Treatment with folk methods

Treatment of hearing loss, depending on its degree, can give a positive effect only at the initial stage of the disease.

1. With hearing loss caused by otitis media, the daily use of a quarter of a lemon helps well.
2. Garlic can be used to treat hearing loss at an early stage. It must be finely chopped, then add a couple of drops of camphor oil. The resulting mass should be tightly wrapped with gauze and carefully inserted into the ear. If there is a burning sensation, you need to remove the remedy.
3. Within a month, it is necessary to drip 3 drops of almond oil into the affected ear. This procedure is aimed at improving hearing.

Symptoms and treatment of hearing loss of varying degrees

Treatment of such a disease as hearing loss of 1-4 degrees is not an easy task. Symptoms of the initial stage, when most of the processes are still reversible, are either ignored by the patient or simply not noticed. This leads to a further drop in hearing acuity. The problem can be solved thanks to modern methods of treatment. To understand this issue, you should consider in more detail each type of pathology.

Types and degrees

First you need to consider the types of hearing loss:

Bilateral affects both ears at once, unilateral - only the right or left. The prelingual type is a violation of a congenital or acquired character that arose before the formation of speech. Postlingual can be attributed to the problems of speaking children and adults.

Also, the classification of hearing loss includes such concepts as:

• Conductive hearing loss. Dysfunction of the sound transmission chain, that is, the tympanic membrane and middle ear. Its symptoms are often observed as a complication after otitis media and disappear as the underlying disease is treated.
• Neurosensory. A more serious hearing impairment, as the receptors of the inner ear and the auditory nerve are disrupted.
• Central. It is rare, affecting the parts of the brain responsible for hearing.
• Mixed deafness. Combination of several types of disease.

There is a classification of hearing loss according to the nature of the flow:

• Reactive. Occurs suddenly and is characterized by a rapid course. It can be cured if therapy is started at the first sign of the disease.
• Acute. Rapid pathology, all processes take about a month. It can also be cured in the vast majority of cases.
• Subacute. The development period is from 1 to 3 months, the chances of a favorable outcome are reduced to 50%.
• Chronic. This development of hearing loss is slow, but very difficult to treat.

As for the stages of development of dysfunction of the hearing organs, there are 4 degrees of hearing loss. The following table shows the distinguishing characteristics of each:

The initial stage is quite easy to cure. In addition, if you do not start treating the disease at stage 1-2, the risks of its progression increase, up to complete hearing loss. At 3-4 degrees, disability is already determined due to significant restrictions on activity.

Symptoms and Causes

To prevent the development of pathology, you should know what are the causes of hearing loss. First of all, it should be remembered that conductive hearing loss develops due to damage to the elements of the middle ear. This applies to the eardrum, the auditory ossicles and the muscles that set them in motion. You can also include here defects of soft tissues and the auditory canal.

The sensorineural type of the disease is characterized by a dysfunction of the cochlea, the death of sensitive hair receptors, dysfunction of the auditory nerve.

The so-called senile hearing loss is the result of the influence of negative factors on hearing throughout a person's life. Such exposure leads to age-related wear of the organ. Senile hearing loss concerns mainly the neurosensory form, but it also affects the functional one.

Common causes of disorders are:

• congenital pathologies;
• hereditary tendency;
• complications after ear diseases;
• chronic pathologies in the body (endocrine, vascular, neurological, etc.);
• influence of loud sounds;
• trauma;
• intoxication and taking potent drugs;
• work environment for adults;
• improper hygiene;
• tumors.

How exactly to treat hearing loss depends largely on the causes of its occurrence.

Symptoms of pathology are, first of all, hearing impairment, which are determined by the degree of deafness. Additionally, symptoms such as:

• feeling of fullness in the ear;
• extraneous noises (whistling, clicks, ringing, rustling, etc.);
• deterioration in speech perception, the need to clarify what was said by the interlocutor, to ask again;
• lack of perception of high frequencies;
• problems with the vestibular apparatus, loss of orientation in space;
• sometimes sudden nausea and even vomiting can occur.

To determine the presence of a problem, its type and begin treatment, it is necessary to undergo a comprehensive examination. This includes the following activities:

• Otoscopy. Superficial symptoms are determined, the ear cavity is examined to identify violations of the conduction chain.
• Audiometry. According to the audiogram, you can find out the degree of deviation. Speech and tone diagnostics are used.
• Cameron tests. Using a set of tuning forks, it is possible to determine the air and bone conduction of sound signals, the type of disturbances and their severity.

To find out the cause of hearing loss, you will need an auxiliary examination by a neurologist, vascular specialist, endocrinologist and other doctors.

The analyzed table of indicators demonstrates the essence of the problem and allows you to find the best approach to cure the disease. If you start treating it in the initial stages, the chances of a favorable prognosis increase.

Treatment for conduct disorder

Conductive hearing loss has a fairly favorable prognosis. If the problem is noticed in time, the patient can be completely cured. In some cases, hearing recovery after otitis occurs on its own, but this process can be accelerated by medications and various folk remedies that relieve swelling and inflammation.

Treatment of hearing loss in later stages may involve surgery. The loss of functional elements of the middle ear can be compensated for by reconstructing and prosthetics of the auditory ossicles and the tympanic membrane. It is also necessary to treat pathologies of the soft tissues of the outer and middle ear: removal of neoplasms, prevention of stenosis of the auditory canal, elimination of the consequences of injuries, etc.

If senile hearing loss is being considered, supportive care should be given to stop the deterioration of the auditory system. It is important to provide enough vitamins A, B and E.

Prevention of hearing loss is about maintaining general health and reducing the number of episodes of otitis media and other ear diseases.

Treatment of neurosensory disorders

If perceptual hearing loss is considered, that is, neurosensory, it is much more difficult to cure it. The main task is to stop the necrotic processes that destroy hair receptors. For this, drug therapy is used. Some drugs have anti-inflammatory, stimulating and immunocorrective effects, due to which mixed hearing loss is eliminated.

Sensorineural hearing loss can be treated through surgery and hearing aids. In the initial stages of hearing loss, open-type hearing aids are used, which are installed outside. With significant damage to the receptors or the auditory nerve, the patient should be treated by installing auditory implants and electrodes. They are implanted in a person's ear, and then connected to the nerve roots. They help convert sound impulses and transmit them to the brain.

In the case of complete deafness, the prognosis is disappointing, since the restoration of hearing in this case is almost impossible. When symptoms of nerve dysfunction, pain and noise appear, the auditory process is cut off.

The most important direction is the prevention of hearing loss. If you protect your ears from the factors that trigger these types of disorders, you will not have to treat such problems. Pay attention to your health and do not overload your hearing organs.

Degrees of hearing loss and treatment methods

Hearing loss is called a violation of the perception of sounds, which occurs as a result of pathological changes in the functioning of the human hearing apparatus. People suffering from this disease lose the ability to perceive low-frequency sounds, which carry out the entire process of communicating with each other. Over time, depending on the degree of hearing loss, their hearing threshold rises more and more, which can lead to complete hearing loss.

Depending on the localization of disorders in the ear, three types of the disease are distinguished: sensorineural, conductive and mixed.

Neurosensory type

The neurosensory type of the disease, or, as it is often called, sensorineural hearing loss, is characterized by impaired perception of sounds directly in the inner ear, where sound vibrations are transmitted to the nerve.

Often, with this type of disease, not only the sound-perceiving apparatus undergoes pathological changes, but also the centers of hearing in the temporal lobes of the brain, which further impairs the patient's hearing.

All three ear regions may be affected

There are many reasons for the development of sensorineural pathological changes both in adulthood and in young children. Usually they are all associated with impaired blood supply or increased pressure in the inner ear.

Conductive type

Conductive hearing loss is associated with disturbances in the functioning of the human sound-conducting apparatus, as a result of which not all sound waves reach the inner ear, from where sensory information is sent for processing to the cerebral hemispheres.

The doctor must first determine the localization of the pathology in the ear canal

The causes of this type of disease are neoplasms and developmental pathologies in the outer ear or in the tympanic cavity.

mixed type

Usually, a person has only a sensorineural or conductive type of the disease, however, it also happens that disorders are observed immediately in all parts of the ear, then we can talk about mixed hearing loss.

If the first two types are characterized by the presence of at least one reason for the occurrence of hearing impairment, then with a mixed type there are usually several of them at once.

Stages of development of the disease

If in children the acute stage of the disease is most often distinguished, then over the years it tends to slowly progress and turn into chronic hearing loss.

Children experience hearing loss just as often as adults.

1st degree

Deafness of the 1st degree is characterized by a relatively small decrease in audibility. From the norm of 20 decimal points, the auditory threshold rises only to 40 decimal points.

The problem of the early stage of the disease is that a person rarely notices that he has begun to hear worse, since the changes at the beginning are insignificant. Therefore, it is very rare to see a doctor, and it is at the beginning that it is easiest to slow down the progression of the disease with the help of drug treatment.

It is especially difficult to determine the first degree in a child, since complaints are almost always absent.

2nd degree

Grade 2 is characterized by a progressive loss of the ability to hear normally and a change in the threshold up to 55 DC inclusive.

At this stage, the symptoms of the disease are more pronounced, because a person often begins to ask again during a conversation, especially on the phone. There is also a need to listen to music or watch TV at a higher volume than before. Children also begin to complain that they have become less hearing.

At the 2nd stage, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible. Medicines are still effective, so timely treatment can protect against total deafness in the future.

3rd degree

If at the first two stages the patient was not treated, or if it did not have the expected effect, then the disease develops into a severe 3rd degree. The threshold reaches a value of 70 DC, a person completely does not hear at a distance of more than two meters and does not distinguish between a whisper.

This stage is considered a severe form of the disease, because it becomes extremely difficult for a person to communicate with others, to study and work comfortably. If you start drug treatment so late, then, unfortunately, it may not bring the expected result.

4th degree

The most severe form of hearing loss is grade 4 hearing loss. Unfortunately, it often develops into complete deafness. According to audiometry, the threshold of hearing reaches a disappointing value of 70 decimal places, and even the loudest sounds become extremely difficult to hear.

At this stage, the patient does not hear a whisper at all, and it is difficult to distinguish colloquial speech only at a distance of no more than 1 meter. The main task of doctors during this period is to prevent the threshold from rising to values ​​above 90 DC, because in this case the ear will not be able to perceive sounds of any frequency and volume. There will be deafness.

Disability and military service

In accordance with the laws of the Ministry of Health, a 3rd degree disability can be obtained by a person with a 3-4 degree hearing loss in a better hearing ear. Usually, patients with bilateral hearing loss in the last stage fall into this category.

Older people are often disabled because of hearing loss.

However, for young men with a severe stage of the disease, even if one ear is affected, the army is contraindicated in most cases. More details can only be judged by the audiogram.

Often in children, the acute form of the disease progresses very quickly, and they become disabled at a fairly young age. They usually attend specialized schools for children with hearing impairments, where they are helped to learn the language of the deaf and dumb.

Modern methods of treatment

Treatment always directly depends on the severity of the disease. Unfortunately, for patients at a severe stage, drug treatment in most cases no longer helps, they cannot do without the installation of a hearing aid.

However, if you consult a doctor in time and start taking medication, then hearing loss can be significantly slowed down even at the initial stage.

Medications

In modern medicine, the use of nootropic drugs is often practiced. They have a pronounced antihypoxic property, that is, they reduce insufficient blood oxygen saturation. As a result, the blood supply to the inner ear improves and the flow of nutrients to the acoustic nerve increases.

Cochlear implant placement has changed the lives of millions of people

Also, nootropics are considered excellent neuroprotectors, they protect the myelin sheath of the nerves, thereby strengthening the nervous tissue as a whole.

In severe hearing impairment, such drugs are prescribed intravenously for 2 weeks, then the treatment continues for several more months, but the drugs are already administered intramuscularly.

In second place in popularity are antihistamines. The thing is that often hearing problems are accompanied by disorders in the labyrinth of the inner ear, which is the main part of the vestibular apparatus. Antihistamines help reduce pressure in the labyrinth, thereby improving blood flow.

When Medicines No Longer Help

Indeed, in the later stages of the disease, drug treatment often loses its effectiveness. Many patients, in order to be able to regain the joy of communicating with others, begin to use artificial hearing aids.

Fortunately, modern designs are small, so they are almost invisible to others, and the quality of the new devices is much superior to their predecessors.

For those who are not suitable for the use of the device, doctors offer a prompt solution to the problem - the installation of a cochlear implant. This operation is suitable for those whose disorders are caused by pathological changes in the inner ear, namely the organ of Corti, which perceives and transmits sound vibrations to the auditory nerve. The implant completely takes over all its functions, thereby once and for all solving the patient's hearing problems.

Hearing loss - what is it, causes, symptoms, treatment of hearing loss 1, 2, 3, 4 degrees

Hearing loss is a phenomenon of incomplete hearing impairment, in which the patient has difficulty perceiving and understanding sounds. Hearing loss makes communication difficult and is characterized by an inability to pick up sound that is near the ear. There are various degrees of hearing loss, in addition, this disease is classified according to the stage of development.

What is deafness?

Hearing loss is a permanent hearing loss in which the perception of the sounds of the surrounding world and speech communication are disturbed. The degree of hearing loss can range from mild hearing loss to total deafness. .

It is terrible to lose the opportunity to hear this world, but today 360 million people suffer from deafness or various hearing impairments. 165 million of them are people over the age of 65. Hearing loss is the most common age-related hearing disorder.

Hearing impairment is said to be when a person has a deterioration in the perception of those sounds that are usually perceived by other people. The degree of disturbance is determined by how much louder the sound must become compared to the normal level in order for the listener to begin to distinguish it.

In cases of profound deafness, the listener cannot distinguish even the loudest sounds emitted by the audiometer.

In most cases, hearing loss is not congenital, but an acquired disease. Many factors can lead to hearing loss:

• viral infections. Hearing complications can be caused by the following infectious diseases: SARS, tonsillitis, measles, scarlet fever, AIDS, HIV infection, mumps.
• inflammatory processes of the middle and inner ear;
• poisoning;
• taking certain drugs;
• violation of blood circulation in the vessels of the inner ear;
• age-related changes in the auditory analyzer;
• prolonged exposure to noise. Residents of megacities, especially those living in industrial areas, near airfields or near major highways, are subject to increased noise load.
• sulfur plugs;
• hypertension;
• atherosclerosis;
• tumors;
• otitis externa;
• various injuries of the eardrum, etc.

Depending on the cause, hearing loss can be mild or have a full clinical picture with a rapid transition to severe.

Symptoms of hearing loss

The main symptom of hearing loss is a deterioration in the ability to hear, perceive and distinguish between a variety of sounds. A person suffering from hearing loss does not hear some of the sounds that a person normally picks up well.

The lower the severity of hearing loss, the greater the range of sounds a person continues to hear. Accordingly, the more severe the hearing loss, the more sounds a person, on the contrary, does not hear.

The main symptoms of hearing loss include:

• noise in ears;
• increase the volume of the TV or radio;
• questioning;
• conducting a conversation on the phone listening only with a certain ear;
• decreased perception of children's and women's voices.

Indirect signs of hearing loss are difficulty concentrating when talking with an interlocutor in a crowded or noisy place, the inability to recognize speech on the radio or car horns when the car engine is on.

Classification by level of damage

There are classifications of hearing loss that take into account the level of damage, the degree of hearing impairment and the period of time during which auditory impairment develops. With all types of hearing loss, various degrees of hearing loss can be observed - from mild hearing loss to complete deafness.

Thus, all listed types of this disease have several degrees of hearing loss. They can be either light or heavy.

Degrees of hearing loss: 1, 2, 3, 4

Depending on the threshold of audibility (the minimum sound level that a person's hearing aid can pick up), it is customary to distinguish 4 degrees (stages) of a chronic disease in a patient.

There are several degrees of hearing loss:

• 1 degree - hearing loss, which is characterized by a lack of susceptibility to sounds from 26 to 40 dB;

At a distance of several meters, provided there are no extraneous sounds, a person does not experience any problems with audibility, he distinguishes all the words in a conversation. However, in a noisy environment, the ability to hear the speech of interlocutors is clearly deteriorating. It also becomes difficult to hear whispers at a distance of more than 2 meters.

2 degree of hearing loss

• 2 degree - hearing loss, which is characterized by a lack of susceptibility to sounds from 41 to 55 dB;

In people at this stage, hearing begins to rapidly decline, they can no longer hear normally even in the absence of extraneous noise. They cannot distinguish a whisper at a distance of more than a meter, and ordinary speech at a distance of more than 4 meters.

How this can manifest itself in everyday life: the patient will be much more likely than healthy people to ask the interlocutor again. Accompanied by noise, he may not even hear speech.

• 3 degree - hearing loss, which is characterized by a lack of susceptibility to sounds from 56 to 70 dB;

If the patient had a gradual increase in problems and no proper treatment was carried out, in this case, the hearing loss progresses and degree 3 hearing loss appears.

Such a serious defeat significantly affects communication, communication causes great difficulties for a person, and without a special hearing aid, he will not be able to continue normal communication. A person is assigned a disability for hearing loss of the 3rd degree.

Hearing loss 4 degrees

• 4 degree - hearing loss, which is characterized by a lack of susceptibility to sounds from 71 to 90 dB.

At this stage, the patient does not hear a whisper at all, and it is difficult to distinguish colloquial speech only at a distance of no more than 1 meter.

Hearing loss in children

Hearing loss in a child is a violation of the auditory function, in which the perception of sounds is difficult, but to some extent preserved. Symptoms of hearing loss in children can include:

• lack of reaction to the sound of the toy, mother's voice, call, requests, whispered speech;
• lack of cooing and babble;
• violation of speech and mental development, etc.

Currently, there is no exact data regarding the causes that can cause hearing loss in children. At the same time, as this pathological condition was studied, a number of predisposing factors were identified.

• The negative impact of external factors on the intrauterine development of the fetus.
• Somatic diseases in the mother. Such diseases include diabetes mellitus, nephritis, thyrotoxicosis, etc.
• Unhealthy lifestyle of mother during pregnancy.
• Complications after past illnesses. Most often, children develop hearing loss after rubella, influenza infection, mumps, measles, syphilis, herpes, etc.

In order for the child not to suffer from hearing loss, the following rules should be observed:

• Taking care of your health during pregnancy
• Expert treatment and aftercare for middle ear infections
• Avoiding exposure to very loud sounds

All methods of treatment and rehabilitation of children with hearing loss are divided into medication, physiotherapy, functional and surgical. In some cases, it is enough to carry out simple procedures (removal of a sulfur plug or removal of a foreign body in the ear) to restore hearing.

Disability due to hearing loss

Special methods for hearing restoration, developed and available today, allow people suffering from hearing loss of 1-2 degrees to regain hearing as quickly as possible. As for the treatment of grade 2 hearing loss, here the recovery process looks much more complicated and is longer. Patients with grade 3 or 4 hearing loss wear a hearing aid.

Group 3 disability is established when diagnosing bilateral hearing loss of the 4th degree. If the patient has a 3rd degree of the disease, and hearing aids provide satisfactory compensation, then disability in most cases is not determined. Children with hearing loss 3 and 4 degree disability is assigned.

Diagnostics

Timely diagnosis of hearing loss and initiation of therapy at an early stage allows you to save it. Otherwise, as a result, persistent deafness develops, which cannot be corrected.

In case of hearing problems, it is necessary to apply a wide range of diagnostic tools, to find out, firstly, why the hearing loss has occurred, the symptoms of this disease can also indicate the possible nature of partial deafness.

Doctors are faced with the task of fully characterizing the nature of the occurrence and course, type and class of hearing loss; treatment can only be prescribed after such a comprehensive approach to analysis.

Hearing loss treatment

Treatment of hearing loss is selected depending on its form. In the case of conductive hearing loss, if the patient has a violation of the integrity or functionality of the eardrum or auditory ossicles, the doctor may prescribe an operation.

Today, many surgical methods for restoring hearing in conductive hearing loss have been developed and practically implemented: myringoplasty, tympanoplasty, prosthetics of the auditory ossicles. Sometimes hearing can be restored even with deafness.

Sensorineural hearing loss can be treated conservatively. Medications are used that improve blood circulation in the inner ear (piracetam, cerebrolysin, etc.). Treatment of hearing loss involves taking drugs that relieve dizziness (betahistine). Physiotherapy and reflexology are also used. With chronic neurosensory hearing loss, hearing aids are used.

Medical treatment for hearing loss may include:

• Nootropics (Glycine, Vinpocetine, Lucetam, Piracetam, Pentoxifylline). They improve the blood supply to the brain and the area of ​​the auditory analyzer, stimulate the restoration of the cells of the inner ear and nerve roots.
• Vitamins g B (pyridoxine, thiamine, cyanocobalamin in the form of preparations Milgamma, Benfotiamine). They have a directed action - they improve nerve conduction, they are indispensable for optimizing the activity of the auditory branch of the facial nerve.
• Antibiotics (Cefexim, Suprax, Azitrox, Amoxiclav) and NSAIDs (Ketonal, Nurofen, Ibuklin). They are prescribed when purulent otitis media becomes the cause of hearing loss - inflammation of the middle ear, as well as other acute bacterial diseases of the hearing organs.
• Antihistamines and decongestants (Zirtek, Diazolin, Suprastin, Furosemide). They help eliminate swelling and reduce the production of transudate in inflammatory pathologies of the ear, leading to hearing loss.

There are several types of operations used in the treatment of pathology:

• If the hearing loss is caused by a malfunction of the auditory ossicles, an operation is performed to replace the latter with synthetic counterparts. As a result, the mobility of the bones increases, the hearing of a sick person is restored.
• If hearing loss is caused by a violation of the integrity of the tympanic membrane, then myringoplasty is performed, replacing the pathologically altered membrane with a synthetic one.

How to treat hearing loss with folk remedies

Folk remedies have become widespread in the treatment of hearing loss. To date, many of them show amazing effectiveness. Before using any folk recipes, you should definitely talk with your doctor to avoid the negative consequences of self-medication.

1. Infusion of calamus roots. A dessert spoon of dry crushed calamus roots is steamed with 0.5 liters of boiling water in a glass or ceramic vessel, covered with a lid, wrapped and allowed to brew for three hours. The filtered infusion is taken 60-65 ml three times a day half an hour before meals. The course of treatment is 1 month, which is repeated after a two-week break.
2. You need to instill 3 drops of natural almond oil, alternating ears every day. The course of treatment lasts a month. This procedure helps to improve hearing.
3. Onion compress. A piece of onion is heated and wrapped in gauze. Such a mini-compress is inserted into the ear all night.
4. Infusion of calamus root: crushed root (1 tbsp.) in 600 ml of boiling water with infusion for at least 2.5 hours - drink 50 ml before each meal.
5. You can also use garlic in grated form in combination with camphor oil when treating folk remedies for sensorineural hearing loss. You will need one small clove of garlic and 5 drops of oil. They need to be thoroughly mixed, moistened with the resulting mixture of bandage flagella and placed in the ear canal for 6-7 hours.

Prevention

The basic rule for preventing hearing loss is to avoid dangerous situations and risk factors. It is important to detect diseases of the upper respiratory tract in a timely manner and treat them. Taking any medications should be carried out only as directed by a specialist, which will help to avoid the development of many complications.

Deafness of the third degree

Level 3 hearing loss is already a severe form of hearing loss. A person not only cannot lead a normal life, but also endangers himself every day by going out into the street. After all, he hears only very loud sounds or those whose source is at a distance of no more than 2-3 meters. Thus, he may not hear the sound of an approaching vehicle or a falling object, resulting in serious injury.

Causes and symptoms

Congenital hearing loss of the 3rd degree is quite easy to determine at an early age. The main thing is to carefully monitor the development of the baby in the first year of life and immediately sound the alarm if the child:

• does not react in any way to sharp sounds or noise from falling objects;
• does not turn his head towards the speaker when he is out of his field of vision;
• does not respond to appeal to him, does not respond to the name.

Usually the primary diagnosis is made by a pediatrician during regular preventive examinations. But to confirm it, it is necessary to conduct a complete examination by an otolaryngologist and do several tests.

The main reason that acquired grade 3 hearing loss gradually develops is inadequate treatment or its complete absence in the early stages of the disease. Sensorineural hearing loss of the 3rd degree progresses especially quickly and at first imperceptibly, the treatment of which usually requires the use of properly selected antibiotics.

But, unfortunately, many patients with slight hearing loss prefer not to see a doctor, but to solve the problem on their own, at home, using folk remedies. As a result, they get to a specialist when the disease is already running, and irreversible processes have begun in the hearing aid.

The main symptoms of grade 3 hearing loss are:

• lowering the hearing threshold to 55-70 dB;
• the inability to catch a whisper even at close range;
• the ability to clearly distinguish speech from a distance of up to 1-3 meters;
• difficult orientation in the surrounding space;
• intermittent dizziness and tinnitus.

The same signs may appear suddenly after an injury or rupture of the eardrum under the influence of strong acoustic exposure or barotrauma. In this case, surgery is likely to be needed to restore hearing.

Treatment of the disease

There is no general treatment regimen for the disease. It is developed individually in each case, taking into account the age of the patient, the type of hearing loss (conductive, sensorineural or mixed), the causes of the disease and current symptoms. Complex therapy is usually prescribed, which includes drug treatment and physiotherapy procedures. At the initial stage of treatment, the patient is placed in a hospital, and then it continues on an outpatient basis.

Patients with grade 3 hearing loss cannot lead a normal life, they have very difficult communication and minor household problems. Therefore, they need to compensate for the lack of hearing with the help of quality hearing aids.

The doctor will tell you how to choose the right model and type of device. In cases where hearing restoration is impossible and there are no medical contraindications, the issue of hearing aid through the installation of implants is considered.

Appointment of disability

If, as a result of complex treatment, hearing loss of the 3rd degree has not passed, disability can be assigned based on the results of the MCC (Medical Advisory Commission). Usually, such patients, after providing all the necessary analyzes and documents and considering each individual case, are assigned the third group of disability.

The procedure for obtaining a group is quite complicated. When hearing loss of the 3rd degree is congenital or senile, a positive decision is made in most cases. But acquired hearing loss is considered temporary if it is not associated with the following causes of hearing loss:

• mechanical trauma to the head or ear;
• brain tumor or intra-ear;
• tumor of the cochlear nerve - neurinoma;
• a consequence of severe acoustic or barotrauma;
• degenerative changes in the eardrum.

In all other cases, active treatment of grade 3 hearing loss is carried out beforehand for a long time. And only in the case when all methods have been tried and none of them has given stable positive dynamics, the question of the appointment of disability is raised.

After receiving the group, the patient is prescribed an individual rehabilitation program and is given the opportunity to receive compensation for a hearing aid purchased in a predetermined place, which in most cases is simply necessary. If the device is purchased online or in other specialized shops and private clinics, no compensation will be issued.

A deaf person also has the right to partial or full compensation for the purchase of specialized technical equipment: a TV with titrated duplication, a mobile phone, etc. If necessary, he is provided with a sign language interpreter (40 hours during the year). When applying to the pension fund, a small pension is assigned.

With a frequency of once a year, the patient is placed in a hospital for the purpose of re-examination. If within 4 years the hearing situation does not improve, permanent disability may be assigned. If there is a positive trend, and the hearing has improved, the group can be removed, and the benefits will be lost.