Liver symptoms and treatment in adults. The most important signs of liver disease that should not be missed. Possible consequences and complications

The human liver is the largest internal organ, performs many functions and is very important for the body. Any violations in its work can cause very serious consequences. Therefore, if you experience symptoms of liver disease, you should take it very seriously. It is very important to maintain the liver in a healthy state and treat emerging ailments in a timely manner.
The main symptoms of liver diseases: frequent nausea, heartburn, unhealthy appearance of the skin (yellowish or gray, various rashes, spots), bitterness in the mouth, discoloration of urine and feces, pain in the liver, unpleasant smell of sweat. If at least one of these symptoms bothers you for a long time, you need to examine the liver.

In addition to these main signs, the following symptoms of an unhealthy liver may be present: skin itching, weakness, flatulence, loss of appetite, vomiting, intolerance to fatty foods. These symptoms may also indicate other diseases. Moreover, the symptoms depend on what disease caused them.

In many liver diseases, pain. Can the liver hurt? There are no pain receptors in the liver itself, so the liver does not hurt, the pain is caused by pressure on the capsule (Glisson's capsule, fibrous sheath) in which the liver is enclosed and in which there are many nerve endings. They give pain signals under pressure and stretching. Any change in the shape and size of the liver causes pain in this in this shell, so they say that the liver hurts. In some diseases, pain in the liver may not be present, in others, pain is one of the symptoms.

Due to the fact that one of the main functions of the liver is to cleanse the blood of poisons and toxins, these same poisons cause damage to the liver over time. The most common cause of liver damage is alcohol. Previously, it was believed that the liver hurts only in alcoholics. Currently, due to the deterioration of the environment, the use of more and more aggressive drugs, the introduction of chemical additives into the diet, liver disease can develop in any person. However, in those people who systematically drink alcohol, even in small quantities, the liver is damaged to one degree or another.
If you examine any person who considers himself healthy, you can always find in him the initial stages of liver disease - a violation of the structure of liver cells, an excess number of fat cells, scar tissue, a slight increase in the liver. Symptoms of liver disease do not appear for a long time

Toxins, chemicals and alcohol have a detrimental effect on the liver tissue, but with the help of changes in diet, lifestyle and folk remedies, the affected cells can be restored. Folk remedies for the treatment of the liver are aimed at restoring the functions of this organ and its cells.

Types of Liver Diseases

Liver diseases are very diverse and numerous. Consider the most common liver diseases and their symptoms: hepatosis, cirrhosis, hepatitis, cancer.
Moreover, it should be noted that alcohol (and other toxins) can cause three types of liver damage: fat accumulation (fatty hepatosis), alcoholic inflammation (hepatitis), liver fibrosis (cirrhosis).
Many liver diseases can be asymptomatic for a long time, often the patient goes to the doctor when, due to the degeneration of liver tissues, its functions are impaired, and the body begins to malfunction.

Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver that occurs from various causes.
Hepatitis is divided into infectious (acute) and toxic (chronic, this also includes allergic).
The cause of infectious hepatitis is infection with the hepatitis A, B, C virus. Acute hepatitis can also develop as a complication of any inflammatory disease of nearby organs. Acute viral hepatitis can become chronic. Chronic hepatitis leads to necrosis of the liver tissue.
Toxic and allergic hepatitis can be caused by an overdose of certain drugs, food and industrial poisons.

Fatty hepatosis (steotosis)- the initial stage of liver degeneration. The most common cause of fatty liver is the systematic intake of toxins into the body.
The cause of hepatosis of the liver can also be a metabolic disorder, diabetes mellitus, diseases of the pancreas and thyroid gland.

Cirrhosis of the liver- a disease accompanied by an irreversible replacement of the functional tissue of the liver with fibrous connective tissue. As a result, the structure of the liver and its functions are disturbed. Cirrhosis is a complication of many liver diseases.

Liver cancer
Liver cancer often develops due to metastases brought to the liver with blood flow or against the background of cirrhosis

Treatment of the liver with folk remedies - How to treat the liver at home

Treatment of liver diseases with milk thistle

(From a conversation with a phytotherapist Tatyana Kovaleva.)
Plants - hepatoprotectors - play an important role in the treatment of liver diseases with folk remedies. The main herb for the treatment of the liver is milk thistle, it normalizes all liver functions, protects it from the effects of toxins, restores liver cells. It is best to use seed powder or meal, which remains after squeezing the oil. Milk thistle seeds produce a laxative effect, so they are not suitable for people with indigestion.
Absolutely all people after 40 years of age need to undergo a course of milk thistle liver treatment. Take once a year for 3-4 weeks from 1 tsp. up to 1 st. l. a day with a glass of water. The author of the article writes that she herself prefers to have breakfast with such a mixture: mix 1 glass of kefir with 1 tbsp. a spoonful of ground milk thistle seeds. You can mix the powder from the seeds with green tea. After a course of such treatment, dark circles under the eyes disappear, which many women have and are associated with poor liver function.
Milk thistle is used in the treatment of cirrhosis, hepatitis, jaundice, fatty hepatosis of the liver.

Liver treatment with galangal

Potentilla erect (galangal) allows you to cure many liver diseases, as well as prostatitis, adenoma.
The tincture is made as follows: pour 50 g of dry galangal roots into 0.5 liters of vodka, leave for 3 weeks. For liver diseases, hepatitis, drink 30 drops 3 times a day 20 minutes before meals, diluted in 50 g of water. With prostatitis, adenoma, the concentration of the tincture is increased by 2 times - 100 g of roots per 500 g of vodka. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2012, No. 6, p. 41)

How to treat the liver after antibiotics.

After treatment in the hospital, where she had to drink a lot of medicines, the woman began to hurt her liver, she walked around the house half-bent, holding her side. In this form, a neighbor caught her and brought a recipe for treating the liver with folk remedies.
500 g of prunes, 140 g (1 bottle) of holosas, .50 g of buckthorn - pour all this into 2.5 liters of hot water, bring to a boil, simmer over low heat for 30 minutes, covered. When cool, strain. It will turn out exactly 2 liters of a pleasant-tasting drink.
Take it 2 hours after dinner, 100 ml, after taking this remedy, do not eat or drink anything until the morning. Medicines should be enough for 20 days.
After treating the liver with this remedy, the pains disappeared. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2012, No. 14, p. 8,)

How to cure the liver with pumpkin.

If your liver hurts, this recipe helps a lot: take a small pumpkin, cut off the top, remove the core with seeds. Pour the resulting container halfway with honey. Leave for a while for the juice to appear. Drink this juice half a glass 3 times a day. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2011, No. 2, p. 31)

Here is a similar recipe for the treatment of the liver and especially hepatitis C. Also cut off the top, remove the seeds, fill with honey, close with a top cap, coat the cut with dough. Keep the pumpkin in a dark place for 10 days at room temperature. On the 11th day, you can begin to treat the liver: take the resulting juice, 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day 40 minutes before meals. The course of treatment is 1 month. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2012, No. 16, p. 33)

Pumpkin juice will also help restore and cleanse the liver of toxins. It is necessary to grate the pumpkin and squeeze the juice, take 100 g of fresh juice 3 times a day 1 hour before meals. The course of liver treatment with pumpkin is 3-4 months. Celery juice works just as effectively (it should be taken 50 g 3 times a day, regardless of food intake) and strawberry juice (50 g each in the morning on an empty stomach) (HLS Bulletin 2012, No. 14, p. 8,)

Oats in the treatment of liver diseases with folk remedies.

Treatment of the liver with oats is very effective. Here are some examples of recovery.
The woman's liver was in very poor condition, she was diagnosed with hepatitis and cirrhosis. A milk-oatmeal cocktail, which the patient drank for 6 months, helped to cure these diseases.
It is necessary to rinse 1 glass of oats, boil 1 liter of milk and pour oats into it, bring to a boil, keep on low heat, avoiding boiling for 10-15 minutes. Then wrap the broth and let it brew for 2 hours. Strain, drink this milk during the day. The course of liver treatment is 20 days, then a 10-day break and a new course. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2010, No. 2, p. 32)

Another case of how the liver was cured with this folk remedy. The woman suffered from pain in the liver, it happened that she was often taken away in an ambulance. A friend advised me to take a decoction of oats in milk. After 20 days of treatment, the liver returned to normal. After many years, the woman again felt pain, and she underwent another 20-day course of liver treatment with oats. Since then, the liver has never been sick, although 40 years have passed (HLS Bulletin 2004, No. 16, p. 22)

Liver diseases - treatment with eryngium.

The eryngium flat-leaved - very effectively treats many diseases, including liver diseases, joint pain, swelling of the legs, kidney stones. To prepare a tincture for the treatment of the liver, you need to take 30 g of dry grass and pour 500 ml of vodka, insist 2 weeks, shaking, strain. Take 1 month for 1 tbsp. l. three times a day 30 minutes before meals. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2011, No. 13, p. 26)

How to treat the liver with grass half-fallen.

Diseases of the liver are well treated with the herb half-pall. It is also called the “herb that replaces 8 doctors”, because in addition to liver diseases, it also treats tumors, polyps in the stomach and intestines, gout and polyarthritis, kidney disease, and dissolves stones.
The recipe for treatment is as follows: 1 tbsp. l. herbs pour 1 cup boiling water, leave for 15 minutes in a water bath. Drink 100 g through a straw 30 minutes before meals in a warm form.
This herb can be grown by yourself in the country. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2009, No. 3, p. 23)

Dandelion jam for the treatment of liver diseases

Collect 400 dandelion flowers, rinse and soak overnight. Then drain the water and rinse the flowers again. Cut 2 lemons together with zest, mix with flowers and pour 500 ml of boiling water over it. Cook over low heat for 15 minutes. Then cool, strain, squeeze. Add 1 kg of sugar to the broth and cook until tender, until the jam becomes thick like honey. Take 2 tsp. 3 times a day before meals. The syrup can be dissolved in a glass of warm water. After taking the syrup, pain may appear in the liver or in the gallbladder area and last from 0.5 to 1.5 hours - this is normal. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2009, No. 11, p. 32, 2004 No. 8, p. 24)
Here is another similar recipe. It is very effective to treat the liver with dandelion syrup: the flowers are placed in a jar, sprinkled with honey or sugar, tamped, soon a syrup appears on top, which must be drained and put in the refrigerator. Take for pain in the liver and gallbladder, with colic, 1 tsp. 4 times a day. Pain in the liver disappears literally after 10-15 minutes.

How to treat the liver with honey and currants.

Mix 1 kg of honey and 1 kg of currant. Take 1 tsp. 30 minutes before meals. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2009, No. 16 p. 30)

Treatment of the liver with cucumbers.

If the liver hurts, this recipe will help: chop 100 g of overripe cucumbers, boil them in 0.5 liters of water for 20 minutes, cool, strain. Drink a decoction 3 times a day for half a cup half an hour before meals. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2008, No. 15 p. 31)

Folk remedy for the treatment of the liver.

The woman suffered severe jaundice. At the hospital, a nurse gave her a prescription that helped restore liver health.
It is necessary to take 100 g of wild rose, yarrow flowers, pine or birch buds, 50 g of wormwood. Pour all this with 2 liters of cold water, leave for 2 hours. Then bring to a boil, simmer for 2 hours. Infuse for a day under a warm blanket, then strain, add 200 g of aloe juice, 200 g of chaga extract, 250 g of cognac, 600 g of honey. Insist for another day. Take 1 tbsp. l. three times a day before meals. The course of liver treatment is 2-3 months. This folk remedy helps to cure not only the liver, but also diseases of the stomach, intestines, and lungs. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2008, No. 14 p. 10)

Carrots and raisins.

The woman for a long time could not get rid of the pain in the liver. One of the causes of liver disease was hyperacidity. No medicines and herbs helped to cure the disease. A familiar doctor gave a prescription, the patient had two courses of treatment, 35 years have passed since then, the liver has never bothered.
Recipe. 1 kg of pitted raisins, preferably lighter, and 1 kg of bright-colored carrots pass through a meat grinder. Put in a saucepan, add 1.5 liters of water, mark the water level on the outside of the saucepan. Add another 1 liter of water and boil the mixture over very low heat until the mark is made. Cool, strain, should get about a liter of compote. Store in the refrigerator, warm up to 37-40 degrees before use.
Drink during the week as follows:
1st day. On an empty stomach, drink 1 glass of decoction, lie down on a hot heating pad for 2 hours.
2nd - 7th days. Drink in the morning on an empty stomach half a glass of decoction, you no longer need to lie down and warm up, after 30 minutes have breakfast (HLS Bulletin 2007, No. 4, p. 32)

Cinnamon with honey if the liver hurts.

With a diseased liver, this recipe helps: mix 0.5 liters of honey with 2 tbsp. l. ground cinnamon, stir. Take before meals 1-2 tbsp. l. 4-5 times a day. For many people, this recipe has helped cure the liver. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2007, No. 8 p. 33)
The same folk remedy helps to cure jaundice. The woman's son was admitted to the hospital with jaundice, the whole ward began to be treated according to this prescription (7 people). Blood tests improved after two days - bilirubin in the blood began to fall, and the liver stopped hurting (HLS Bulletin 2004, No. 24 p. 27)

Treatment of the liver with herbs.

Take 2 tbsp. l. rose hips and hawthorn, pour 1.5 liters of water. Boil 10 minutes. Then add 1 tsp of choice. three types of herbs: corn stigmas, birch leaves, strawberry leaves, agrimony, horsetail, wood lice. Boil for 3 more minutes. Insist 5 hours, strain. Drink 1 glass in the morning and evening with 1 tsp. honey. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2007, No. 15 p. 8,)

Immortelle in the treatment of the liver with folk remedies.

Immortelle is used in official and folk medicine as an effective liver remedy. It has bile-forming and bile-excreting properties. This herb is an effective remedy for the treatment of the liver, biliary tract, pancreas. You can make infusions from only one immortelle, or you can use it in various collections.
To prepare a remedy for the treatment of the liver, you need 1 tbsp. l. immortelle flowers pour 1 cup boiling water, leave for 15 minutes and drink 50 ml 3 times a day. You can not use immortelle for more than 30 days in a row or increase the dose - it has the ability to accumulate in the body and in large doses have a toxic effect. After a week's rest, the treatment with immortelle can be repeated.
Traditional healers often treated jaundice with immortelle alone, they managed to cure this serious liver disease in 2 weeks. Often, in the process of treatment with immortelle, roundworms came out of the patient's intestines - immortelle also has an anthelmintic effect. This plant increases blood pressure, so it is not recommended for people with hypertension. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2007, No. 15 p. 28-29. From a conversation with a phytotherapeutist)

Treatment of jaundice with a decoction of oats.

The man was taken to the hospital with jaundice. Someone advised a decoction of oats for the fastest treatment of the liver. 3 cups of unpeeled oats should be washed well and poured with 9 cups of water. After boiling, simmer for 3 hours, insist, strain. It turned out about 700 g of broth. This portion of the man drank for 2 days, 100 g 30 minutes before meals. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2006, No. 13 p. 16-17)

What to do if the liver hurts - quick treatment

The woman underwent prophylactic treatment in the hospital 2 times a year. After a course of medication, she began to experience liver pain. She was advised to combine taking medications and taking the golden mustache - she began to eat 2-3 leaves a day of the golden mustache plant. This remedy eliminated constipation, there was no pain in the liver after the hospital (HLS Bulletin 2004, No. 15 p. 11)

ASD in liver disease.

For liver diseases, take ASD F-2 according to the following scheme:
Dilute 5 drops of the ASD fraction in 50 ml of cold water or strong tea. Drink on an empty stomach in the morning 20-40 minutes before meals. Drink 5 days. Then three days break. The next 5 days drink 10 drops. Another 3 day break. For the next 5 days, drink 20 drops in 100 ml of water. 3 days break. Then continue to drink 20 drops in courses of 5 days with a break of 3 days until complete recovery (HLS Bulletin 2006, No. 14 p. 32)

Liver treatment with yarrow and tansy syrup

The man worked at a chemical plant, where there was a lot of unaccounted for alcohol, and gradually became addicted to alcohol. I began to drink every day, first after work, and then I started already in the afternoon. Soon the liver and stomach began to hurt. The doctor said that his liver was already decomposing, and he did not have long to live. The wife found an herbalist who gave her a liter jar of syrup for her treatment.
This syrup relieved the most severe pain in 15-20 minutes. After two 21-day courses, the liver stopped hurting, and after 12 days of taking the man became completely indifferent to alcohol. With the same syrup, a friend cured a stomach ulcer. They bought the first three liters of syrup from the herbalist, and then they began to make it themselves.
Here is the prescription: 2 cups of tansy flowers, 2 cups of yarrow flowers pour 2 liters of cold water, leave for a day, put on fire. As soon as the water is noisy, take it off. Repeat again after 3-5 hours. Then strain and for each liter of broth add 600 g of sugar and 2 tbsp. l. honey. Stir, bring to a boil, boil for 5 minutes. Take 25 g in the morning on an empty stomach and 25 g in the evening before bed. 1 liter of syrup is enough for 21 days. Then 7 days break and a new course of treatment. The man immediately took three courses. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2006, No. 15, p. 10)

Chinese folk remedy for the liver.

This remedy allows you to maintain a good condition of the liver, it is useful to take it even if the person is relatively healthy. They take in equal proportions birch buds, birch leaves, echinacea, immortelle, anise fruits. Everything is ground in a coffee grinder. Take the powder in 1/2 tsp. 2-3 times a day 15 minutes before meals with a glass of water. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2006, No. 20 p. 8,)

Pain in the liver and jaundice - how to cure quickly with lemon and soda.

If the liver hurts, this remedy quickly helps: squeeze the juice of one lemon into a glass, add 0.5 tsp. soda, drink quickly. Helps relieve pain very quickly. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2004, No. 21 p. 9)
The same folk remedy helps to cure jaundice. It should be taken three days in a row on an empty stomach. The girl contracted jaundice in the kindergarten from a sick child. Mom gave her this remedy. Even the doctors were surprised at the quick recovery - the child was in the hospital for 11 days just under observation, without taking a single injection, not a single pill. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2004, No. 21 p. 33)
After suffering jaundice, the man was discharged to be treated at home, and not to work due to the fact that the tests were bad. Every morning he began to drink the juice of one lemon with soda - three days later he went to take tests - they were excellent. It is believed that this is Vanga's recipe (HLS Bulletin 2003, No. 18 p. 22)

Liver treatment with Shevchenko mixture.

The woman had an enlarged liver, she was hard as a stone, there was severe pain when touched. In addition, the woman had diffuse toxic goiter, which she unsuccessfully treated for many years. She took Shevchenko's mixture according to the full scheme for the treatment of goiter. As a result, it was possible to cure the thyroid gland and the liver returned to normal. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2004, No. 16 p. 8,)

Treatment of the liver with folk remedies after chemotherapy.

The woman was diagnosed with lymphocytic lymphoma. After a course of chemotherapy, the liver began to hurt. The collection of herbs helped in the treatment of the liver: nettle, plantain, dandelion leaves, burdock, yarrow, chamomile. 1 st. l. pour the mixture with boiling water and keep in a water bath for 15 minutes (HLS Bulletin 2004, No. 16 p. 24)

Liver cleansing at home

Cleansing the liver at home with rose hips and sorbitol

In the evening, fall asleep in a thermos 1 tbsp. l. crushed rose hips, pour 0.5 l. boiling water. In the morning, pour into a glass of 1 tbsp. l. sorbitol, add rosehip infusion to the top, stir and drink in one gulp. After 20 minutes, drink the rest of the rosehip infusion, without adding sorbitol. After 45 minutes, you can have breakfast, breakfast should be light - only freshly squeezed juice is better. Before breakfast, move more, breathe with your stomach, raise your knees, bend over. After 2 days, repeat the procedure in the same sequence. In total, you need to do this 6 times. (Healthy Lifestyle Bulletin 2012, No. 2, p. 40, Healthy Lifestyle 2006, No. 3, p. 8 - this is a recipe for cleansing the liver of the Japanese professor Kazudzo Nishi)

How to clean the liver with zucchini.

The recipe for cleansing the liver was suggested by a doctor of medical sciences, an herbalist from Novosibirsk. On the eve of the procedure, you need to take young zucchini, grate, squeeze the juice. In total, you need 2 liters of juice, do not throw out the cake either, put everything in the refrigerator. Cleaning should begin on the waning moon. 2 days before cleansing, you need to eat lean food. Do an enema in the evening, do not have breakfast in the morning, drink 1 glass of water. Heat up the zucchini cake, put it on the right side, top with polyethylene, a towel, a warm scarf and a heating pad. Do not remove this compress throughout the day and until the next morning after cleaning. At 10 am, read the cleaning. Drink juice of 100 g at regular intervals, washing it down with a sip of freshly squeezed apple juice. Total apple juice will require 500 g. Drink juice until 6 pm. On this day, do not eat or drink anything else. You can only rinse your mouth with water.
In the morning, the release of slag will begin. Each organism has its own reaction to this process. Often this happens through the skin - a rash, cracks, sores appear, they heal quickly. Zucchini is a very powerful remedy, so when the harvest season begins, do not miss the moment. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2011, No. 7, pp. 9-10)

Cleansing the liver with oats and herbs.

After each meal, the woman began to vomit and have diarrhea. The doctor said that the matter is in the poor functioning of the liver - there is no complete cleansing of the body. In addition, all sorts of chronic diseases developed - pain in the joints, bumps on the legs ached. She was advised to cleanse the liver with folk remedies and brought a book by a pharmacologist, herbalist, where there was a recipe for cleansing the liver. She applied this recipe and was amazed at the result - all diseases disappeared and unpleasant symptoms disappeared.
It is necessary to take three glasses of oats with a peel, rinse well, pour into a five-liter pan, add 3 tbsp. l. birch buds and 2 tbsp. l. lingonberry leaf. Pour 4 liters of cold water, insist in a cool place for a day.
Boil 1 liter of water in another saucepan and add 1 cup of crushed rose hips. Boil under the lid for 10 minutes, insist in a cool place for a day.
A day later, boil the infusion with oats, lingonberry leaves and birch buds, boil over low heat for 15 minutes, then add 3 tbsp. l. knotweed and 2 tbsp. l. corn stigmas. Boil for another 15 minutes, then insist 45 minutes. Each broth must be filtered, combined, poured into liter jars and put in the refrigerator, it is advisable to wrap the jars with an opaque film. You should get 3.5 liters of broth.
Take the decoction in the form of heat strictly 4 times a day 30 minutes before meals, exactly 150 ml.
When the decoction is over (the decoction is enough for 5 days), take a break of 5 days, then repeat the cleansing of the liver with this remedy. In total, the woman did three such courses. During liver treatment, you should eat more vegetable salads, especially from beets and carrots. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2011, No. 16, pp. 9-10)
The same recipe for cleansing the liver of toxins is recommended by Dr. med. Sci., phytotherapeutist Dannikov N. I. But after five days of taking the decoction, he recommends five days to be treated with another decoction: pour 1 kg of pitted raisins and 1 kg of chopped carrots with 2.5 liters of water, make a mark on the pan according to the water level. Add another 2.5 liters of water and evaporate the composition in a water bath to the mark made. Strain, take in the morning on an empty stomach, 1.5-2 cups. The taste of the drink is very pleasant. Nothing to eat before lunch. The course of liver treatment with this decoction is also 5 days. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2012, No. 18, p. 7)

Cleansing the liver with oats and birch buds.

This recipe is similar to the previous one, but simpler. Akin to cleansing the liver with Ovesol drops, but more effective.
You need half a glass of oats and 1 tbsp. l. birch buds pour 0.5 liters of boiling water and leave for 6 hours in a thermos. In the morning, drink 1 glass on an empty stomach 2 hours before breakfast. In the evening, drink 1 glass before going to bed 2 hours after dinner. The procedure is carried out for three days, each time brewing a new portion. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2006, No. 11, p. 32)

Liver cleanse without lemon.

The woman did not tolerate lemons well, and therefore replaced the lemon juice with blackcurrant juice. Before cleansing the liver, she spent a preparatory period: she drank an infusion of knotweed grass for a week, it softens the stones well. 1 st. l. knotweed poured 1 glass of boiling water, insisted, drank this portion during the day 3-4 times before meals. After such preparation in the morning, before cleansing the liver at home, it is imperative to cleanse the intestines with an enema. The intestines must be empty, because gallstones pass through the intestines. In the afternoon, lie on your right side, putting a heating pad on the liver area, and under the heating pad - a cloth soaked in infusion of knotweed. Hold the heating pad for 2-3 hours to warm up the liver.
At 17 o'clock drink 150 g of body temperature olive oil. You can drink in one gulp, or you can take 2-3 sips with sour fruit drink (if your body weight is more than 90 kg, then drink 200 ml of oil). After 2 hours, drink 4 tablets of hay, dissolving them in 100 ml of water. If you feel sick, you need to take a deep breath. Gallbladder stones can go in the morning, or maybe on the second day. In the morning, be sure to do an enema again.
On the second day after cleansing the liver, a woman had a lot of turquoise and yellow stones, about half a glass. Then they came out little by little throughout the week. Ultrasound showed that there were no more stones, the bitterness in the mouth was gone, an extraordinary lightness appeared in the whole body.
The woman took this technique from the book of Lyudmila Kim, but replaced the lemon juice with currant juice, and added softening of the stones with knotweed. (review from the Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2011, No. 19, p. 8,)

A classic liver cleanse is olive oil and lemon juice.

The day before cleansing the liver, it is necessary to spend a fasting day, there are only cereals boiled in water. Skip dinner. Cleanse the intestines in the evening with an enema or laxative.
The next day, in the morning, drink freshly squeezed juices from carrots, apples and beets, you can mix them. From the middle of the day, start warming up the liver - put a hot heating pad on the liver area and walk with it until the end of the day.
At about 19-20 hours, start the liver cleansing procedure. Heat 1 glass of olive oil (can be sunflower) and 1 glass of lemon juice (can be grapefruit or mixtures thereof) to 37-40 degrees. Take a sip of oil and immediately drink a sip of juice. If you do not feel sick, after 15-20 minutes, repeat the procedure, if you feel sick, increase the interval until the nausea passes. Do this every 15-20 minutes until the oil and juice run out. If nausea persists, interrupt liver cleansing. Then lie down on your left side, continuing to hold the heating pad on your right side. At about 11 p.m., the cleansing will begin and continue throughout the night.
This method of cleansing is very tough, there is a strong release of bile. With urolithiasis, doing this procedure is dangerous. Also, contraindications to cleansing the liver are: diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, hypertension, exacerbations of cardiovascular diseases.
The next day after cleansing the liver, drink juice for breakfast, vegetable salad for lunch, porridge on the water. All week in the diet should be dominated by cereals and vegetables.
Several such cleanings should be carried out, but each new one should be started only after full recovery, but not earlier than after 2 weeks. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2010, No. 4, p. 17. From a conversation with a phytotherapeutist Kovaleva T. D.)

Liver cleansing folk remedies

One of the main conditions for cleansing the liver is the need to make bile fluid. It often happens that bile stagnant in the bile ducts has a thick consistency and cannot be updated. Therefore, you need to prepare for cleaning - drink medicinal herbs that improve liver function. Such herbs include immortelle, dandelion, wormwood, corn silk, yarrow, celandine, chicory, nettle, plantain. You need to make a mixture of all these herbs or take a few items to choose from. 1 st. l. collection of herbs, pour 500 ml of hot water in a thermos, leave for an hour, take 0.5 cup 4 times a day. The course of taking herbs is 1 month. If the liver is relatively healthy, then conduct one such course, if there are problems with the liver, then 2-3 courses with two-week breaks between them.
After such preparation, you can proceed to cleansing the liver with any folk remedy. The easiest way to cleanse the liver is dubazhi based on the intake of infusion of choleretic herbs, xylitol or sorbitol. To do this, take 1 tsp. collection from the above list of medicinal herbs, pour 1 cup boiling water, leave for 30 minutes. Dilute xylitol in warm water to a pleasant sweetness. On the day of cleansing the liver, eat very moderately vegetables and cereals, or even starve. At 7 pm, drink a glass of herbal infusion or a glass of xylitol or sorbitol solution, put a hot heating pad on the liver area. You can not sit, it is better to lie down so that the gallbladder is not clamped. You need to lie down for 40-60 minutes.
After three days, this liver cleansing procedure must be repeated, in total, 5 procedures must be done every three days. Then do another 5-10 procedures every other day. In total, carry out 10-15 procedures. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2010, No. 4, p. 17. From a conversation with a phytotherapeutist Kovaleva T. D.)

Cleansing the liver at home with beetroot broth

Take beets weighing approximately 200-250 g. Wash well, do not peel, do not cut off the tail. Put in a saucepan, pour 1 liter of water. Mark the liquid level. Add another 2 liters of water. Boil the beets until 2 liters of water have boiled away. Take out the beetroot, grate it, lower it back into the broth, boil for another 20 minutes. Then strain the broth, divide into 4 parts. Take 1 part every 4 hours. After taking the decoction, put a heating pad on the liver area and lie down to rest. A sign that the process has begun is not a laxative effect, but a diuretic.
On the day of liver cleansing, you can eat only apples (HLS Bulletin 2007, p. 8, No. 7)

Easy Liver Cleanse Recipe

This recipe was given to a newspaper reader by a pharmacy pharmacist from the city of Essentuki.
1 glass of fresh kefir.
1 st. l. olive oil
1 st. l. sorbitol or xylitol
Mix everything and drink on an empty stomach. Do this once a week. On this day, it is advisable not to leave the house. (Bulletin of healthy lifestyle 2006, p. 32, No. 7)

Liver cleanse with sorbitol

A similar recipe, but even simpler. Also advised at the resort during treatment in the hydropathic. A woman breeds 2 tbsp. l. sorbitol in a glass of boiling water. When the solution cools down to a tolerable state, he drinks. After that, he lies on a heating pad until the body calls "where to go." Do the procedure only on an empty stomach. (2006, p. 33, No. 16)
Water can be replaced with rosehip infusion (review from the Bulletin of a healthy lifestyle 2004, No. 12, p. 15)

According to statistics, liver diseases in Russia are in third place after neurological and cardiovascular pathologies. The liver is the largest gland of the human body, performing the most important vital functions. This organ works as a powerful biochemical laboratory that produces bile (necessary for normal digestion and breakdown of fats), stores glycogen stores, neutralizes poisons and toxins from food. The liver takes part in all metabolic processes, in the metabolism of vitamins, hormones and strengthening the functions of the immune system. Therefore, it is so important to maintain the health of this organ, to know the main signs of liver diseases and the causes that cause them.

1. Alcohol abuse. The systematic and excessive use of alcoholic beverages leads to the destruction of liver tissue and alcoholic cirrhosis, which ends in death.
2. Nutritional errors. Passion for fatty, fried, spicy and spicy dishes, spices, smoked meats and other harmful products provokes a violation of the outflow of bile. As a result, congestion contributes to the formation of stones in the liver ducts.
3. Poor heredity, malformations underlie the pathologies of the hepatic ducts and blood vessels. Anomalies in the structure of the organ cause hepatic hypoplasia, fermentopathy and other abnormalities.
4. Injuries to the abdomen and internal organs. In such situations, liver problems can occur not only in the first days after the traumatic factor. Even after a few years, the consequences of an injury can remind themselves of the formation of a cyst or tumor in the liver parenchyma.
5. Exposure to radiation or ionizing radiation. Such exposure can cause cancerous degeneration of liver cells.
6. There are many factors that affect the condition of the liver, but most of them are related to the lifestyle that a person leads. And this means that by eliminating the harmful influence, a person can protect himself from many serious diseases.

The most common diseases

The state of the biliary tract and gallbladder, with which this organ interacts, is necessarily reflected in the work of the liver. Therefore, in medicine it is customary to subdivide liver pathologies into primary and secondary.

Primary liver lesions include acute diseases occurring in the tissues, vessels of the liver and biliary tract:

• hepatitis (viral, bacterial, toxic, ischemic);
• liver infarction;
• hepatic vein thrombosis;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• pylephlebitis;
• pilethrombosis;
• diseases of the liver and gallbladder (cholangitis, cholangiohepatitis).

Secondary liver diseases include the following conditions:

This classification of liver diseases is not final; there are other opinions in science in the approach to this issue. In addition, the classification of diseases with the development of the possibilities of medicine is constantly modified and revised.

Symptoms of liver diseases

Liver diseases may not declare themselves for a long time, since this is one of the most “silent” organs, in which there are no nerve endings responsible for the onset of pain. Severe pain usually appears already with severe liver damage, when it increases in size and begins to put pressure on the fibrous membrane (glisson capsule), in which pain points are concentrated. The characteristic signs of liver disease are as follows:

• general malaise, weakness;
• feeling of heaviness in the right hypochondrium;
• yellowness of the skin and sclera;
• change in the color of urine;
• stool disorders, changes in the consistency and color of feces;
• puffiness;
• increased sweating;
• fragility of blood vessels, the appearance of hematomas;
• tendency to bleed;
• bitterness in the mouth in the morning, bad breath, plaque on the tongue;
• an increase in the volume of the abdomen, the appearance of a venous pattern on it;
• skin rashes, itching, burning sensation;
• sharp weight loss;
• headaches, memory problems, mental decline;
• disorders of the nervous and hormonal systems;
• enlargement of the liver.

Most of the above symptoms occur already in the later stages of the disease, when the disease becomes chronic. A characteristic sign indicating liver damage can be numbness in the muscles, a feeling of coldness in the fingers and toes, a change in the shape of the nails, the appearance of red symmetrical spots on the palms. Jaundice most often develops against the background of acute viral or toxic hepatitis. With cirrhosis, the characteristic icteric color of the skin, sclera and mucous membranes occurs already in the later stages.

With liver damage, patients often complain of a burning sensation, itching, or hot flashes, accompanied by profuse sweating. Such sensations usually occur at night and do not allow the patient to fall asleep. Severe pain in the right hypochondrium usually appears with concomitant lesions of the gallbladder and bile ducts or occurs in advanced stages of hepatitis and cirrhosis.

The course of hepatitis or cirrhosis may be accompanied by a slight increase in body temperature. If it rises significantly (more than 39 ° C), this may indicate the development of a purulent process in the bile ducts and gallbladder.

From the side of the central nervous system, there are such disorders as fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, apathy, memory loss and concentration, sleep disturbance. The fact is that nerve cells are very sensitive to a decrease in the neutralizing function of the liver. Toxins and metabolic products are not completely removed and negatively affect the state of the nervous system, provoking symptoms of neurasthenia, lethargy or irritability and resentment. Patients complain of headaches, dizziness, insomnia, and sexual disorders.

Skin in liver disease

With liver damage, characteristic changes occur on the skin. It loses elasticity, becomes pale, dry and flaky. There are pronounced swelling in the face and limbs, a tendency to allergic manifestations (dermatitis, eczema). There are various kinds of rashes on the skin in the form of pustular elements, an allergic or hemorrhagic rash (hepatic purpura).

Liver diseases in women are accompanied by the appearance of characteristic spider veins on the skin and striae (stretch marks in the form of thin cyanotic stripes in the abdomen). Even with a slight impact on the skin, hematomas (bruises) may appear that do not go away for a long time. The reason for such changes is a hormonal imbalance in the female body, in which a diseased liver cannot completely neutralize steroid hormones.

Another characteristic feature is the yellowness of the skin, mucous membranes and sclera of the eyes. In addition, you should pay attention to the characteristic spots in liver diseases:

• the appearance of brownish spots and deep wrinkles on the forehead between the eyebrows;
• darkening of the skin in the armpit area;
• dark circles and swelling under the eyes;
• brown spots on the skin in the area of ​​​​the right shoulder and shoulder blade;
• the appearance of a rash with black heads on the forearms and back of the hand;
• bright red symmetrical spots on the palms (liver palms).

These signs indicate the chronic course of liver disease. In addition, women may experience a decrease in hair growth under the armpits and in the pubic area or vice versa, excessive hair growth, atrophy of the mammary glands, and menstrual irregularities. And in men - thinning of the hairline on the head, up to complete baldness, libido disorders.

Skin itching in diseases of the liver is a characteristic symptom. The cause of this condition is a violation of the detoxification function of the liver. As a result, harmful substances accumulate in the body, toxins enter the bloodstream and penetrate the skin with it, causing irritation of the nerve endings and excruciating itching.

Diagnostics

In case of liver problems, it is necessary to undergo a full examination in order to clarify the diagnosis and begin treatment. To do this, you need to contact a therapist, hepatologist or gastroenterologist. Diagnostic studies for liver diseases are based on laboratory, invasive and non-invasive methods.

The laboratory will do blood and urine tests (general and biochemical), conduct tests to detect hepatitis or cancer cells, and, if necessary, perform genetic and immunological tests.

The use of computer technology is modern painless (non-invasive) research methods. The patient will be referred for an ultrasound scan of the abdominal cavity, in doubtful cases, an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) or CT (computed tomography) will be done, which will provide complete information about the condition, size of the organ, the structure of its tissues and the degree of damage.

In difficult cases, invasive methods are used - biopsy, laparoscopy or percutaneous puncture, which help to make an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment Methods

The complex of therapeutic measures for liver diseases consists in the use of drugs, diet, lifestyle adjustments. Drug therapy is based on the use of drugs of the following groups:

1. Herbal preparations. Medicines based on milk thistle are widely used to restore liver function. Preparations such as Gepabene, Karsil, Silymarin, Silimar contain an extract from this plant and are used in the treatment of hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholecystitis or toxic liver damage. The same group includes preparations LIV-52 (based on yarrow and chicory), Hofitol (based on artichoke). From the group of dietary supplements, the drug Ovesol is especially popular.
2. Essential phospholipids. Representatives of this group (Essentiale, Essentiale Forte, Essliver, Phosphogliv) help to normalize metabolic processes in liver cells and accelerate its regeneration and recovery.
3. Medicines of animal origin. Representatives of this group are produced on the basis of bovine liver hydrolysates, have protective properties and provide detoxification and cleansing of the liver. Popular drugs are Hepatosan and Sirepar.
4. Medicines with amino acids. These are medicines such as Heptral and Heptor. They show a powerful antioxidant and antitoxic effect, protect the liver and accelerate its recovery.

In addition to conservative therapy, therapeutic exercises are used, which consist of a set of specially designed exercises. In hepatic pathologies, they have a beneficial effect on metabolic processes, eliminate spasms of the biliary tract, strengthen the abdominal muscles and improve the functioning of the nervous, digestive and cardiovascular systems. It is better to perform such exercises under the guidance of an experienced instructor.

A good effect is the use of traditional medicine methods based on the intake of decoctions and tinctures of medicinal herbs. But before starting treatment, be sure to consult a doctor, this will help to avoid unwanted complications. For the treatment of the liver, milk thistle meal, decoctions of dandelion and artichoke roots are used, plants with choleretic and diuretic properties are used (rose hips, strawberry leaves, St. John's wort, corn stigmas, etc.). The natural preparation Leviron duo has proven itself perfectly.

But of particular importance in the treatment of hepatic pathologies is given to diet. What should be the nutrition for liver diseases, what can and cannot be included in the daily menu? Recommendations on this topic can be obtained from your doctor and nutritionist.

Diet for liver disease

With liver damage, dieting is a vital necessity. A properly selected diet will allow you to normalize the processes of bile secretion and digestion, reduce the load on the diseased organ and restore its functions. The basis of the therapeutic diet should be proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements, fat intake should be reduced to a minimum. For liver diseases, the following products are allowed:

• dairy, vegetable, mucous cereal soups;
• dairy products (fat-free);
• lean meat (poultry, rabbit, veal);
• seafood and fish (low-fat varieties);
• pasta, cereals (buckwheat, barley, oatmeal);
• protein steam omelets;
• fresh vegetable salads with vegetable oil;
• greens, fresh fruits, vegetables.

It is undesirable to use fresh bread, it is better to dry it, make crackers and eat no more than 2-3 pieces a day along with the first course. Another important requirement concerns the method of preparation of products. Fried foods should be completely excluded from the diet, foods are recommended to be steamed, boiled or baked. In addition, you need to monitor compliance with the water regime and drink at least 1.5 liters of fluid per day. Green and herbal teas, compotes, fruit drinks, mineral waters (recommended by a doctor) are useful.

What is prohibited?

In case of liver diseases, the ban applies to the following products:

• pastries, pastry, confectionery, fresh white bread;
• rich broths, fatty meat and fish;
• sweets, sweets, chocolate;
• semi-finished products, canned food;
• smoked products, sausages;
• alcohol;
• sweet carbonated drinks;
• strong black coffee and tea;
• fatty sauces, animal fats;
• spices and seasonings;
• legumes;
• cereals from pearl barley, corn, barley and millet;
• radish, radish, garlic, turnip, white cabbage, sorrel, onion, spinach;
• grape, tomato, orange juice.

Vegetables with coarse fiber, some berries and fruits (citrus fruits, currants, cranberries, raspberries, grapes) should be excluded from the menu, and any, even low-alcohol drinks, should be completely abandoned. Such a diet should become a way of life, it must be observed constantly, then, in combination with drug treatment, it will help restore liver function.

Prevention of liver diseases

Measures such as proper and nutritious nutrition, giving up bad habits, observing the regime of work and rest, increasing physical activity, and playing sports will help prevent liver diseases. Try to use only fresh and wholesome foods, completely exclude alcohol from your life, refrain from the uncontrolled use of medications.

To prevent infection with hepatitis viruses, you should exclude unprotected sex and have only one, reliable and healthy partner. When working in hazardous industries, be sure to observe safety precautions when working with toxic substances and use personal protective equipment.

Remember that liver disease is a serious health threat. Therefore, it is necessary to seek medical help in a timely manner, when the first alarming signs appear, indicating a violation of liver function.

The liver is one of the main organs of the human body. The functions it performs are necessary for the life of the organism. Diseases of the liver, as well as any other organ of the human body, manifest themselves in the form of characteristic signs - symptoms. Signs of liver disease are expressed brightly or weakly, they are divided into subjective and objective. The first symptoms are felt by the patient himself, the second ones are available for observation by others.

Subjective signs of liver disease are expressed in a feeling of pain, weakness, excessive fatigue. Objective are a change in skin color, swelling of internal organs, weight loss.

Types of Liver Diseases

Consider the main options for how various diseases manifest themselves in a person, depending on the causes.

infectious

The most common infectious diseases of the liver in humans, according to the site, are viral hepatitis. They differ in the type of pathogen, most often hepatitis A, B and C.

Hepatitis A is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. The virus released from the intestines gets on the hands, and then into the digestive system of a healthy person. The incubation period is from 7 to 50 days. The onset of the disease resembles the flu: the patient feels unwell, the temperature rises, pain and discomfort in the liver may not be. A sign that it is hepatitis is yellowing of the skin (jaundice). Treatment consists in eliminating the effect of viral toxins on the liver.

They are infected with hepatitis B and C through the blood. The infection enters the body:

1. sexually;
2. through non-sterile or previously used syringes;
3. from mother to fetus;
4. due to the transfusion of infected blood to the patient.

Signs of defeat manifest the same symptoms as the flu. The temperature rises slightly, aching joints are felt, with hepatitis B, skin rashes are possible.

Hepatitis C begins even more mildly, weakness is felt, appetite decreases. Then pains in the area of ​​a liver, nausea begin, urine noticeably darkens, and a feces brightens. The liver increases in size, liver tests show a significant excess of normal values.

Hepatitis C is the most serious of these diseases and can lead to cirrhosis and cancer.

Metabolic disorders

Fat metabolism occurs in the liver cells. If the metabolism is disturbed, the occurrence of fatty hepatosis, known as fatty liver, is possible. The manifestation of the disease is not expressed sharply and does not have specific symptoms, however, general malaise, bloating, nausea, slight fever, and stool disorders, which are characteristic of liver disease, make it possible to suspect a malfunction in the body. They should be connected with the liver if there is pain on the right side under the ribs, yellowing of the skin, bitterness in the mouth.

Excessive accumulation of fat in cells leads to their swelling and death, in their place connective tissue is formed. Organ functions are impaired. The causes of liver disease in humans can be malnutrition, alcoholism, diabetes mellitus.

toxic

Toxic damage occurs when it cannot cope with the neutralization of poisonous substances that enter the human body. Of particular danger in this sense, the Prokishechnik.ru website notes, are salts of heavy metals, phenols, aldehydes, benzene derivatives, and acetaldehyde. The manifestation of the disease can be violent, or it can gradually increase over time.

Clinical manifestations are similar to hepatosis. Metabolism is disturbed, the volume of adipose tissue increases, inflammation and necrosis begin, and connective tissue grows.

Tumor

Tumor diseases are divided into two types: those caused by benign and malignant neoplasms.

The first type is asymptomatic, pain in the liver area is possible only with a strong growth of lipomas, hemangiomas, cysts, fibroids and its strong increase.

The second type develops as a result of infectious or metabolic diseases, as a complication of oncological diseases of other organs. Signs of such diseases are weakness, poor health, weight loss, loss of appetite, jaundice is often observed. With the course of the disease, the structure of tissues changes, soreness occurs in the right hypochondrium.

Helminthiasis

Additional signs to diagnose liver disease

A qualified doctor can determine the occurrence of the disease by other, less characteristic signs. These include symptoms that signal liver damage, such as:

• Brown skin in the armpits and groin;
• Itching and scratching;
• Vascular asterisks;
• Redness of the palms in the area of ​​the thumb;
• Dry skin;
• spontaneous bruising;
• White spots on the nails;
• Stretch marks on the abdomen;
• Hormonal shifts;
• Pain in the bones;
• Spontaneous fractures, bone deformities;
• Insomnia, daytime sleepiness;
• Memory impairment, general weakness;
• confusion;
• epileptic seizures;
• Seizures.

All these changes can manifest themselves due to violations in the functioning of the liver and speak a lot to the experienced eye of a specialist:

Skin changes

What signs make you wary? The first signs of liver disease to look out for are changes in skin color and condition. Significant pallor, clearly visible bronze or brownish-gray pigmentation under the armpit, on the palm, spider veins on the skin of the cheeks and on the back indicate that the absorption of nutrients is impaired, the blood vessels have become thinner. This state of the cardiovascular system, according to Prokishechnik.ru, explains the appearance of bruises.

The reddened skin of the palms, which turns pale when pressed, is called "liver palms". Perhaps the formation of yellow subcutaneous spots caused by poor absorption of fats. Itching occurs due to a violation of the outflow of bile, caused by a high content of bile acids in the blood.

Disorders in the digestive tract

Flatulence, stool changes and belching are due to the fact that the liver takes part in the absorption of food by the body. Violation of the digestion of fats leads to constipation and diarrhea. Lack of bile contributes to changes in the intestinal microflora. An excessive amount of natural microflora, as well as the growth of pathogenic leads to enterocolitis. Nausea and vomiting are possible, including with bile.

Liver disease is accompanied by easily recognizable symptoms. Signs of disease are changes in the color of urine and feces. Urine acquires a dark brown color, feces, on the contrary, become discolored. Detection of this phenomenon requires immediate medical attention.

Hormonal shifts

Violation of hormone synthesis most affects men, especially in the case of alcohol abuse. 80% of men suffering from alcohol addiction are subject to feminization. Under the influence of alcohol, male sex hormones are converted into estrogens, due to which the breasts increase in men, testicular atrophy occurs, libido decreases, impotence, and the nature of the hairline changes.

In women, hormonal changes are expressed in violation of the ovarian-menstrual cycle.

Disorders in the functioning of the nervous system

Nerve disorders in liver diseases are explained by the presence of ammonia in the blood, which was not neutralized by the affected organ. The consequences of such an impact on the nervous system, according to PrоKishechnik.ru, can be extremely serious: causeless fatigue, sleep disturbance, loss of efficiency are characteristic of a variety of diseases, but convulsions and epileptic seizures are much more dangerous. For various diseases of the liver, daytime sleepiness is characteristic, which is replaced by insomnia at night. Hand trembling, lethargy or unreasonable anxiety have an exhausting effect on the body. Developing hepatic encephalopathy can lead to coma and even death.

Blood clotting

The proteins prothrombin and fibrinogen necessary for blood clotting are formed in the liver, so a violation of its functioning leads to a decrease in the rate of blood clotting. As a result, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, and spontaneous bruising begin.

Intoxication

The signs characteristic of any poisoning in case of violation of the liver activity are due to the fact that one of its main functions is the removal of toxic substances from the body. What are the symptoms of intoxication?

• Fever against the background of an increase in temperature;
• General weakness;
• Pain in muscles and joints;
• poor appetite;
• Nausea;
• Weight loss.

These signs and symptoms also occur in other diseases, so only a doctor can localize the source of the disease.

Which doctor to go to

Since many symptoms of liver disease are similar to those of other diseases, the first visit, as ProKishechnik.ru advises, should be done by a therapist. He palpates the liver, compares all the signs, makes a primary diagnosis and gives directions for tests. Based on their results, you will have to contact an infectious disease specialist if the disease is viral in nature, a hepatologist or an oncologist, depending on the identified disease. A gastroenterologist can also treat the liver.

Liver disease overview video

The first signs of liver disease

The liver is a vital organ without which the functioning of the body is impossible. It takes part in any type of metabolism, synthesizing many necessary substances and removing harmful metabolic products.

The pathology of this organ develops for a long time, while the first signs of liver disease do not make themselves felt for quite some time. This explains the late diagnosis of liver diseases, when they are already difficult to treat and cause a general defeat of all body systems. That is why every person needs to know about what liver diseases are, how to identify the signs of the disease and not start the pathology when you need to seek help.

Signs of violation, according to statistics, are found in 200 million people in the world. This is due to a combination of factors: unfavorable environmental conditions, malnutrition, the growth of alcoholism and drug addiction, poisoning.

Chronic liver diseases gradually lead to the development of cirrhosis and degeneration of the liver tissue.

Liver diseases are:

1. Hepatitis of various etiologies: viral, autoimmune, (these include alcohol, drugs, poisoning, etc.), ischemic,. Hepatitis can occur in an acute form, and turn into a chronic disease.
2. Neoplasms of liver tissue. These include malignant tumors (both primary and metastases of another formation), cysts and.
3. - irreversible processes occur in the liver tissues, accompanied by the replacement of normal cells with connective and adipose tissues. It is often the result of a long one.
4. Metabolic diseases: mostly have a hereditary nature. Violations can occur in any kind of exchange.
5. Infiltrative changes arising from the deposition of amyloid, excess glycogen, fatty degeneration.
6. Liver dysfunction, the main symptom of which is. These conditions include in the gestational period in a woman,.
7. Lesions of the biliary tract that pass in the thickness of the organ: inflammation of the ducts (), a mechanical obstruction in the form of a stone, strictures of the duct, cicatricial changes in the inner wall.

Dangerous liver disease

In the beginning, as mentioned above, the liver may not show any signs of disease. This is due to the large compensatory capabilities of the organ, the absence of nerve endings in the thickness of the liver, irritation of which normally causes discomfort. Pain syndrome occurs only when the organ is enlarged, as a result of which the liver capsule is stretched. Therefore, liver cells can be slowly destroyed without pronounced clinical manifestations, there will be significant changes in the analyzes to talk about pathology.

At first, liver diseases manifest themselves rather non-specifically: the patient may complain of fatigue, increased fatigue, drowsiness for no reason. These signs are rarely associated with a problem in the liver, because they accompany most of the pathologies that are more common. When a diseased liver cannot cope with the function of neutralizing and removing toxic substances, they accumulate in the blood and tissues, causing the same feeling of weakness, reduced efficiency and excessive irritability.

Pain in the right hypochondrium is characteristic of diseases of the hepatobiliary system. You can understand that there are problems with the liver by the emerging feeling of heaviness in the right side, a feeling of discomfort. These signs are most characteristic in the inflammatory nature of liver disease, they are detected in neoplasms.

It manifests itself in the form of a sharp stabbing pain that occurs in the area of ​​​​the projection of the organ. Its cause is often cholelithiasis, the name of which implies that in. The calculus may block the lumen of the intrahepatic duct. A malignant tumor of the liver, an abscess or an infiltrative formation can also close the lumen.

Dyspeptic syndrome is a frequent companion of chronic liver pathologies. Patients note the appearance of unpleasant bitterness in the mouth, decreased appetite, intolerance to fatty foods, nausea, turning into vomiting, unstable stools. These symptoms are caused by a violation of the digestion of food, the cause may be:

• insufficient production of bile by liver cells;
• impaired motility of the bile ducts, as a result of which bile can be secreted into the duodenum 12 irregularly and in small portions, which are not enough for adequate food processing.

These manifestations may indicate a concomitant pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in a patient.

Hemorrhagic syndrome is detected with long-term hepatitis, cirrhosis. Manifested as an increase in blood clotting time, as well as nosebleeds, the constant presence of blood when brushing your teeth, heavy menstruation in women, blood in the stool or vomiting of bloody contents.

The liver takes part in the hemostasis system by producing coagulation factors. Violation of its functions leads to a decrease in their synthesis, and ultimately the blood clotting time increases. Violated absorption and conversion to the active form of vitamin K, which is involved in the formation of vitamin-K-dependent clotting factors.

A change in the color of the skin, in this case jaundice, is a sign of an unhealthy liver. There are several types of jaundice, differing in the level of damage:

• suprahepatic: increased breakdown of red blood cells with the formation of excess bilirubin;
• hepatic: the liver itself is affected (hepatitis, cirrhosis, etc.);
• subhepatic: there is a mechanical obstruction to the outflow of bile.

Hepatic jaundice is most significant in the disease of this organ, it can be a manifestation of a whole list of diseases. There is a violation of the function of bile secretion into the ducts by liver cells. Bilirubin accumulates in the blood, staining the skin and mucous membranes yellow. The first signs of poor liver function with the formation of jaundice are a change in the color of the visible mucous membranes, and then the skin is stained. Hepatic jaundice is accompanied by itching, dark urine, and discolored stools. Blood tests will show elevated bilirubin values.

accompanied by cirrhosis of the liver. Occurs as a result of increased pressure in the portal vein. The manifestations of this syndrome are:

• varicose changes in the esophageal veins (dangerous for the development of bleeding);
• expansion of the vessels of the anterior abdominal wall and hemorrhoids;
• enlargement of the spleen.

Due to the increase in pressure, the fluid tends to exit through small vessels due to an increase in their permeability, entering the abdominal cavity with the formation of ascites. Porto-caval anastomoses begin to function actively, as a result of which the veins of the anterior abdominal wall and anal region begin to be visualized. Dilated veins of the esophagus are dangerous due to the occurrence of bleeding: this is the main cause of death in patients with portal hypertension.

Encephalopathy in liver pathologies develops due to the toxic effect on the brain of toxic substances, the neutralization of which the body is no longer able to cope with. One of these substances is ammonia, the level of increase of which correlates with the severity of encephalopathy. The patient's consciousness is disturbed, intellectual abilities are reduced, there are manifestations of aggression, an increase in the threshold of irritation.

human liver

The liver synthesizes proteins necessary to maintain homeostasis of the internal environment of the body. In the case of the formation of insufficiency of liver cells, protein synthesis by them decreases, the oncotic pressure of the blood decreases. This leads to the formation of edema of the feet, legs, abdomen, lower back, and the amount of urine excreted also decreases.

The problem of long-term asymptomatic course

Nonspecific symptoms and a long asymptomatic course of liver pathologies cause difficulties in diagnosing diseases at an early stage, when the disease has not caused serious damage to health.

The absence of pain receptors in the liver gives rise to the progression of the disease, because the occurrence of pain is one of the most frequent reasons for visiting a doctor, and in the case of the liver, it does not join at the very beginning of the disease.

Symptoms of an unhealthy organ in an adult

There are quite a lot of signs of liver problems in an adult, an experienced doctor should prescribe at least a minimal examination for early diagnosis of the disease. The first signs of liver disease, listed earlier, sometimes indicate serious changes in the organ that require immediate treatment.

Males are more likely to develop liver disease due to addiction to alcohol, although over the years this fact loses its significance due to the increase in female alcoholism.

There are no specific signs of liver disease in men, the severity of the manifestation of symptoms depends on the individual characteristics of the body and the compensatory capabilities of the organ.

Liver disease does not have specific clinical features in women. According to statistics, women suffer from fatty non-alcoholic hepatosis more often than men (1.5 times). Also during pregnancy, cholesterol levels rise, this can contribute to stone formation in the gallbladder.

What blood parameters indicate damage to the organ?

To assess the functioning of the liver, a biochemical study of the patient's blood is used. Several indicators are evaluated sequentially, which may indicate an existing liver disease:

1. Evaluation of the protein-synthesizing function. They look at the content of albumin in the analysis, which is produced in the liver. With its help, the oncotic pressure of the blood plasma is provided. In liver diseases, this figure is below normal, and it can also be reduced in some kidney pathologies. They look at the ratio of albumins and globulins: normally, the latter should be less.
2. Evaluation of pigment metabolism. The level of bilirubin (direct, indirect) gives the doctor an idea of ​​the functional abilities of liver cells, helps to determine the type of jaundice in a patient, depending on the increase in one or another fraction.
3. Evaluation of the functions of the blood coagulation system. There may be a decrease in clotting factors, an increase in prothrombin time, vitamin K deficiency.
4. Assessment of cell cytolysis. In the blood, the number of liver enzymes is determined. These include aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase (). They have the same normal values: they do not exceed 50 U / l in the event that there is no cytolysis of liver cells in the body (in different laboratories, the values ​​of the upper limit of the norm may differ). According to the severity of the deviation from the norm of the indicator, the severity of the disease is judged. Sometimes, after a fixed rise in enzymes, a sharp decrease in their number below 5 U / l is detected. This does not at all indicate the effectiveness of the treatment and the recovery of the patient, but, on the contrary, speaks in favor of the decompensation of the pathology with its transition to cirrhosis.
5. Often, the amount of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase increases in the blood, but this is not a specific symptom for liver diseases. An increase in the level of this enzyme can be with myocardial infarction, pathologies of the skeletal muscles.
6. Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme found in the bile ducts on the cell membrane. The activity of this enzyme increases with the destruction of hepatocytes or cholestasis. Necrosis of liver cells is a leading role in the development of hepatitis.
7. Determination of the level of cholinesterase, which is produced by the liver. A drop in the level of this enzyme occurs as a result of the development of severe diseases of the organ, especially with cirrhosis.

To obtain information about the state of the liver, methods are also used that can be used to visualize the organ. This includes ultrasound, CT, MRI, which are very helpful in diagnosing liver tumors. The tactics of further treatment depends on the size of the tumor, localization and nature.

What happens if not treated?

In cases where the disease is diagnosed late and treatment is not started immediately, organ damage becomes irreversible. All types of metabolism in the body are disturbed, signs of dysfunction of other systems appear. Insufficiency of liver cells progresses, cirrhosis sets in, and the liver structures are completely destroyed. The disease at this stage is difficult to treat with medication. Therefore, in case of liver problems, it is important not to miss the moment and correct the condition in time.

Useful video

Elena Malysheva will tell about new methods of treatment of liver cirrhosis:

Conclusion

A person should pay special attention to such an organ as the liver. Only serious malfunctions in her work can cause a clinic in which people turn to a specialist for advice. Sometimes in such cases it can be difficult to find a really effective treatment, because the process at this stage often becomes irreversible.

It is necessary to undergo an annual medical examination for early detection of signs of damage to the liver cells, in which case the patient has every chance for a full recovery.

Cirrhosis, hepatitis, hepatosis - these terrible words have long been known to everyone. Unfortunately, liver diseases do not lose their high positions among the list of other diseases. Medicine has made great strides in the treatment of this important gland, but either patients seek help late enough, or the aggressiveness of the external environment is increasing every year, but there are no fewer patients. It is important to know the main symptoms of liver disease, when you need to seek qualified help, and when you can deal with problems on your own.

Why does the body need a liver?

The liver is considered one of the largest glands in the human body. It has a soft texture, red-brown hue, elastic. The organ occupies most of the abdominal cavity. In an adult, iron weighs about 1500 g. A person is not able to live without a liver, since its functions are very important:

• cleanses the body of toxic substances;
• takes part in the process of hematopoiesis;
• occupies a leading place in the processes of metabolism of protein, lipids, vitamins and other vital substances;
• due to the presence of the gallbladder and bile ducts, it takes part in digestion.

The tissue of the gland consists of hepatocyte cells. Outside, the gland is covered with a Glisson capsule. Inside the liver there are veins of connective tissue that divide the organ into separate parts - lobules. In the human liver, such layers are less pronounced than in the gland of animals. Inside the connective tissue layers, vessels and the bile duct can be found. The cells of the gland are arranged in the form of strands, between them there are small capillaries. Each hepatocyte is in contact with the bile capillary on one side and with the blood capillary on the other.

Important! Such an interesting structure ensures the continuous participation of the body in the processes of bile formation and metabolism of proteins, fats, amino acids, vitamins, glucose, etc.

Can the liver hurt? The gland tissue itself does not have receptors, therefore it does not cause pain. A symptom appears only in case of an increase in the liver, compression of neighboring organs. The gallbladder is an organ whose main function is to store bile. It resembles a pear in its shape. The gallbladder is located on the surface of the liver, and its edge protrudes slightly beyond the edge of the gland. The volume of the bubble reaches 70 ml, length - 10 cm.

The liver and gallbladder with bile ducts are closely related to each other, so usually a pathological process in one of the organs entails changes in the rest. As a rule, inflammatory diseases of the liver appear initially. Next, it is worth mentioning the main pathologies: hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatosis.

Why do problems appear?

Common causes of pathologies:

• malnutrition;
• alcohol abuse;
• long-term use of drugs that have a hepatotoxic effect;
• viral infections;
• inactive lifestyle;
• associated diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• hazards of industrial production.

These Foods Deal a Devastating Blow to Liver Health

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is a group of inflammatory diseases of the liver. All of them have similar signs and are manifested by the gradual death of hepatocytes. A common cause of hepatitis are viruses (A, B, C, D, E). Pathologies can also occur as a result of autoimmune processes, against the background of the influence of alcohol and medications. Viral hepatitis is more dangerous because some genotypes of pathogens can mutate during life in the host organism. This greatly complicates the treatment.

The hepatitis virus enters the human body, namely the liver cells. Here begins the active process of its reproduction, the result of which is acute inflammation. The virus increases the permeability of the walls of hepatocytes. From the extracellular space, fluid penetrates into the cells, the latter increase in size, which means that the size of the gland increases.

The destruction of hepatocytes leads to the fact that their cellular enzymes are released in large quantities into the bloodstream. It is the determination of the amount of these substances that makes it possible to confirm or refute the presence of hepatic pathologies. Gradually, more and more hepatocytes die. Vivid symptoms are observed when the liver is damaged by hepatitis A and E viruses. Hepatitis B and C can go unnoticed, which is why patients turn to specialists already at advanced stages.

Hepatitis A

Another name for liver disease in children and adults is Botkin's disease. In its pathogenesis, the pathology resembles an intestinal infection, since a person becomes infected after eating infected foods and water, through contact and household transmission. Children of school and preschool age are more often ill, but in every decade there are large outbreaks of the disease.

The causative agent of hepatitis A is an RNA-containing virus, it is resistant to external influences and can persist in soil and water for a long time. Botkin's disease does not turn into cirrhosis and the oncological process, it is not characterized by a chronic course or virus carrying. However, if an already diseased liver occurs with the hepatitis A virus, the pathology proceeds in a rapid form, which ends in liver failure.

The first symptoms develop within a month from the moment of infection. The preicteric period lasts about a week. At this time, patients usually go to the doctor with flu-like complaints:

• increase in body temperature;
• aches;
• chills;
• pain in muscles and joints.

Sometimes there are attacks of nausea and vomiting, appetite disappears, chronic weakness, abdominal pain appear. The next period is icteric. First of all, the shade of urine and feces changes. Urine becomes darker, and feces, on the contrary, light. There is yellowness of the skin and mucous membranes, sclera, itching of the skin. The temperature in this period usually normalizes. When examining a patient, the doctor detects an increase in the size of the liver and moderate pain on palpation.

The lightning form develops quickly. Patients become aggressive, irritable, quickly get tired, refuse to eat. A specific ammonia odor appears from the body and in the exhaled air. There is vomiting with an admixture of blood, internal bleeding. This form of the disease occurs only in 0.5% of clinical cases.

Compliance with hygiene rules can prevent outbreaks of Botkin's disease

Important! After the disease, lifelong immunity is preserved, that is, the body becomes immune to a new infection with the virus.

Hepatitis E

The hepatitis E virus mainly affects young people (14-30 years old). Its transmission mechanism is similar to the previous one, that is, infection of people occurs from those who excrete pathogens with feces, as well as through food and water. The causative agent is an RNA-containing virus. The first symptoms appear within 2 months. The clinical picture proceeds in three periods: preicteric, icteric, recovery.

The first period is characterized by weakness, digestive disorders, fever is less common than with hepatitis A. There is aching pain on the right side under the ribs, in the stomach area. The icteric period proceeds similarly to damage to the liver by the A-type virus. The disease is dangerous for pregnant women. In case of infection during the period of gestation, women almost always lose the fetus.

Hepatitis B

This type of viral inflammation of the liver is considered dangerous due to severe complications, which are fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer. Every year more than 600 thousand patients die. The pathogen enters the human body as follows:

• transfusion of infected blood;
• hit of the patient's blood on the mucous membranes or damaged skin of a healthy person;
• sexual transmission, especially for homosexuals;
• applying a tattoo, carrying out manipulations, including medical ones, with poorly processed instruments;
• among drug addicts who use one syringe.

Important! If a woman becomes infected during the period of bearing a child, there is a high probability that the baby will be born with the disease.

The incubation period lasts from 2 to 6 months. The preicteric stage lasts for several weeks. Usually patients do not even know that they are faced with a very serious problem. Only 10% of patients complain of joint pain, weakness, skin manifestations in the form of rashes, spots. The period of jaundice lasts for a month. The following problems occur:

• nausea;
• feeling of heaviness on the right under the ribs;
• bitterness in the mouth;
• skin itching;
• the skin acquires a more yellow tint;
• the size of the liver and spleen increases.

The chronic form of the disease is mild or asymptomatic. Sometimes patients complain of increased fatigue, lack of appetite, sweating, drowsiness, a feeling of bitterness in the mouth. Skin manifestations are characterized by the appearance of spider veins on the face, arms, abdomen. The palms acquire a specific red tint.

Hepatitis C

This variant of inflammation of the liver is called the "gentle killer", often occurs in a chronic form. Before the stage of cirrhosis, it may not even have manifestations, that is, it is possible to recognize the disease in the early stages only in the case of regular medical examinations. In the past, the infection was called "neither A nor B" hepatitis. If a vaccine has been developed against hepatitis B, then scientists cannot accumulate hepatitis C pathogens outside the human body in order to create a similar means for prevention.

The virus is insidious with its large number of variations

There are 6 known genotypes of the pathogen, each of which has a number of subtypes. If we talk about the European part of Russia, genotypes 1b and 3a predominate here. The first symptoms of the disease appear within 1.5-2 months. The acute phase of hepatitis C often goes unnoticed because it can be asymptomatic. The remaining patients turn to specialists with such complaints:

• fast fatiguability;
• loss of appetite;
• bouts of nausea;
• pain on the right side under the ribs;
• slight yellowness of the skin and sclera.

The acute phase of liver inflammation has two outcomes: recovery, transition to a chronic form. If a person becomes a chronic carrier of the virus, the disease subsides for many years, but at the same time the person is a source of infection for others. The duration of the remission phase depends on the patient's lifestyle, nutritional principles, level of physical activity, alcohol consumption, hepatotoxic drugs, etc.

Statistics show that remission usually ends after 10–13 years, cirrhosis occurs after 15–20 years, and after another 10 years, liver cancer develops. The numbers are disappointing, but it is possible to avoid the development of pathologies. To do this, it is necessary to strictly follow the advice of experts on nutrition, completely abandon alcohol, take the necessary drugs according to the scheme, visit specialists on time and undergo regular scheduled studies.

Cirrhosis of the liver

Chronic liver diseases include cirrhosis in their list. This is a serious pathology, the causes of which are most often untreated viral hepatitis and alcohol abuse. The condition is characterized by the fact that a certain part of the cells of the gland dies, and connective tissue appears in their place, which cannot perform the function of the liver. The changes observed in cirrhosis affect the functioning of other vital organs, such as the pancreas. The outcome of the disease is disability, oncological processes and even death.

Cirrhosis is characterized by the following manifestations:

• increase in body temperature;
• chills;
• hepato- and splenomegaly;
• unhealthy yellowness of the skin, sclera and mucous membranes;
• red "liver" palms;
• spider veins on the skin;
• change in visual acuity;
• swelling;
• accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity (ascites).

Ascites is a manifestation of portal hypertension syndrome

The patient is worried about aching pain in the right hypochondrium, under the pit of the stomach, on the left under the ribs and from the back, if the pancreas is involved in the pathological process. Against the background of chronic pathology, the tongue becomes crimson, coated with a white coating (it is important to differentiate with scarlet fever). Against the background of cirrhosis, disorders of the endocrine system develop. In women, the menstrual cycle disappears or is disturbed, infertility appears, and the size of the mammary glands increases.

alcoholic liver disease

Cirrhosis, which develops against the background of alcohol abuse, is quite common. Daily consumption of 100 ml of strong alcohol increases the risk of developing the disease by 20 times for men and 500 times for women. Of course, it is not necessary that cirrhosis appears on the background of alcohol. Ethanol hits the weakest spot in the body. For some, this is the brain, for others - the heart and blood vessels, for others - the liver. But with liver damage, problems with other internal organs will definitely be observed.

What are the forms of alcoholic liver disease: alcoholic hepatitis, steatosis (fatty liver), cirrhosis. Against the background of any of these pathologies, a change in the mental state of the patient occurs. In parallel, the process involves the stomach and intestinal tract, blood vessels, kidneys, endocrine apparatus. The progression of the disease leads to coma and death.

Tumors

Liver neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Cysts, adenomas, hemangiomas (vascular tumors), nodular hyperplasia are considered benign. The most common are hemangiomas. They slowly increase in size, may not affect the functioning of the gland at all. The large size of the neoplasms causes a feeling of discomfort in the liver and stomach, a feeling of pressure. Patients may complain of shortness of breath, hyperthermia, yellowness of the skin.

Important! Tumors are surgical diseases of the liver, which are treated by hepatologists together with the doctors of the Department of Surgery.

Malignant processes can be primary, if the tumor appeared directly in the liver, and metastatic, when cancer cells have entered the gland from another organ. Liver cancer can be suspected if the patient complains of weight loss for no apparent reason, abdominal pain, deterioration in general well-being, increased jaundice.

Acute liver dystrophy

This is a terminal state, which is characterized by a violation of all vital processes from the gland. The reasons for the development of acute dystrophy can be hepatitis A, severe intoxication of the body with chemicals, taking high doses of alcohol, the use of a number of drugs, and poisoning with certain mushrooms.

The gland decreases in size, there is a persistent ammonia smell from the body and from the mouth of the patient. Patients become emotionally unstable: attacks of excitement are replaced by apathy. Later comes a coma. Only intensive therapy can help a sick person with acute hepatic dystrophy, but more often the prognosis is unfavorable.

How to diagnose problems?

Liver diseases in children and adults are confirmed by laboratory and instrumental diagnostics, which is prescribed after collecting an anamnesis of life and illness, as well as a complete visual examination and palpation of the right hypochondrium. Laboratory methods are based on:

• on the study of pigment metabolism (quantitative indicators of bilirubin fractions in blood and urine);
• determining the level of bile acids in the composition of bile (increased numbers indicate a violation of the outflow of bile);
• the study of quantitative indicators of proteins;
• analysis of the work of the blood coagulation system (amount of prothrombin);
• determining the amount of liver cell enzymes in the blood (ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase).

Blood biochemistry is based on the sampling of biomaterial from a vein with further study of its composition.

The table below shows the main diagnosed indicators, their norms and diseases, in which there is an increase or decrease in numbers. Diagnosis is carried out using a complete blood count and biochemical analysis.

Indicators	Norms	Diseases with an increase in numbers	Diseases with a decrease in numbers
Bilirubin	3.5-20.5 µmol/l, in newborns up to 210 µmol/l	Jaundice against the background of poisoning, infections, oncology, cirrhosis	IHD, sometimes due to certain medications
Direct fraction of bilirubin	0.5-1 µmol/l	Hepatitis, poisoning, tumors	-
Indirect fraction of bilirubin	Up to 16.5 µmol/l	Hemolytic anemia, infectious diseases	-
Bile acids	Less than 10 µmol/l	Viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease	-
total protein	64-84 g/l	Oncology, dehydration, autoimmune processes	cirrhosis, hepatitis
Prothrombin	78-142 %	-	hepatitis, cirrhosis
ALT	28-190mmol/l	Cirrhosis, jaundice, cancer	Necrosis, cirrhosis
AST	28-125 mmol/l	Oncology, hepatitis	Necrosis, rupture of the liver
Alkaline phosphatase	Up to 270 U/l	Cirrhosis, necrosis, hepatitis	Diseases not associated with liver pathologies

Viral hepatitis is confirmed by clarifying the presence of antigens to pathogens, and the presence of DNA or RNA viruses in the patient's body is also determined.

Instrumental diagnostic methods:

• Ultrasound is a method that allows using ultrasound to clarify the presence of tumors, cysts and other formations. You can assess the state of blood flow, the size of the gland;
• CT and MRI are research methods that allow using X-ray radiation, as well as magnetic and radio waves, to assess the structure and condition of an organ, the presence of neoplasms, to study sections, vascular patency, etc .;
• liver elastometry and fibrotest - a method that allows you to assess the degree of fibrotic changes;
• biopsy - is performed to take part of the gland tissue with further histological examination. Usually the process is controlled by ultrasound;
• scintigraphy - the state of the organ is studied using radioactive isotopes, it is used less frequently than other research methods.

Diet and regimen

Nutrition correction and lifestyle changes are important conditions for rapid liver regeneration. The gland is able to recover on its own, but it needs support in this. Experts recommend completely giving up alcohol, reducing the amount of carbohydrates supplied with food, limiting muffins, pasta, store-bought sauces, mushrooms, coffee and cocoa.

The attending specialist will tell you in more detail about the correction of the diet.

It should be abandoned fried, smoked meats, canned food, sour, spicy. Preference is given to stews, boiled, steamed. Every day you can eat vegetables, greens, low-fat varieties of fish and meat, dairy products, fruits and cereals. Doctors also recommend giving up "eating on the go", evening overeating. It is better to eat often, but in small portions. All these moments, combined with a sedentary lifestyle, provoke the development of obesity.

Excess weight is a comorbidity that exacerbates problems in the hepatobiliary system. The gland suffers first of all, because against the background of obesity, steatosis occurs (excess lipids accumulate in the cells of the organ) or, as the condition is also called, “fatty liver”. The addition of the inflammatory process leads to a gradual transition of the disease to fibrosis and cirrhosis.

Prevention of obesity consists in daily dosed physical activity. No need to lift the barbell or do 3-5 km races several times a week. This will not bring the expected result. With liver diseases, you can perform a light set of exercises, walk before going to bed in the fresh air, go swimming, yoga.

Treatment

If the liver is sick, you do not need to find out the names of effective drugs from relatives and friends who have similar problems. It is better to contact a qualified specialist for a correct diagnosis. After all, depending on the problem with which the patient came, the doctor will select the desired treatment regimen.

Preparations

The most commonly used groups of medicines for the treatment of liver diseases:

• Hepatoprotectors - a group whose representatives protect gland cells from negative influences, help restore hepatocyte membranes, and support the detoxification function of the organ. Hepatoprotectors have several subgroups.
• Vitamins are a mandatory link in therapy. More often use vitamin E, A or vitamin complexes (Aevit, Revit).
• Choleretic agents - are used to improve the outflow of bile by relaxing the walls of the gallbladder or, conversely, increasing its tone.
• Homeopathic medicines are not prescribed by every doctor, so if you wish, you should find a qualified homeopath.
• Antiviral - used for hepatitis.
• Anthelmintic - are prescribed in case of damage to the gland by lamblia, echinococcus, roundworm.

The right combination of drugs allows you to achieve an effective result.

Other Methods

In the treatment of pathologies of the hepatobiliary system, other methods are also used:

• tubazh (blind probing);
• complexes of physical exercises before probing;
• hirudotherapy;
• massage;
• acupressure.

Surgical methods are also used, including resection of the gland and organ transplantation.

Disease prevention

Prevention of the development of pathologies is as follows: compliance with technologies for processing waste from hazardous production, checking water and products for the absence of infection, refraining from alcohol abuse, proper nutrition and regimen. It is important to undergo periodic examinations, observe the rules of personal hygiene, use condoms. At blood transfusion stations, standards for examining biomaterial must be observed, timely vaccination and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases are also necessary.