Student furniture for wheelchair users. Recommendations for design, taking into account the needs of the disabled. Types of tables for the disabled

This article provides reference material developed by AO TsNIIEP im. B.S. Mezentsev, necessary for the design of objects, including for interior design taking into account the needs of the disabled. Functional areas, ergonometric parameters and other features for disabled people of various groups are described.

Comment: these recommendations should in no way replace the obligation of each planner and designer to individually approach each specific case of creating an environment for a person with a disability. Starting from the most necessary household and household items, to unique products related to labor or creative activity.

Ministry of Construction of Russia
Ministry of Social Protection of Russia
JSC TsNIIEP them. B.S. Mezentseva

buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of people with disabilities and other people with limited mobility.

UDC 728.1.011.17-056.24

Recommendations for the design of the environment, buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of people with disabilities and other people with limited mobility: Issue. 1. General provisions / Ministry of Construction of Russia, Ministry of Social Protection of Russia, JSC TsNIIEP im. B.S. Mezentsev. - M.: GP TsPP, 1996.- 52 p.

INTENDED for engineering and technical workers of design and construction organizations, social protection authorities.

DEVELOPED JSC TsNIIEP them. B.S. Mezentsev (candidates of architecture N.B. Mezentseva, E.M. Los, architect N.A. Klementyev) with the participation of Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (Doctor of Architecture, Prof. V.K. Stepanov).

PREPARED FOR EDITION the editorial board of the Gosstroy of Russia (V.A. Tsvetkov, V.N. Ustyukhin, N.N. Yakimova), the Ministry of Social Protection of Russia (A.I. Kuznetsova), the Coordinating Committee (Yu.V. Kolosov).

Preface.

The recommendations are intended for the design of the environment, buildings and structures that take into account the specific characteristics of people belonging to a low-mobility group of the population: the disabled and the elderly.
The provisions of this document are advisory in nature, but become mandatory when the requirements for ensuring the accessibility of buildings, premises and structures to persons with disabilities are included in the architectural and planning task and the design task.
The recommendations are applicable to mass construction projects and, first of all, to housing, civil and industrial facilities close to housing, and can also be used as a basis for drawing up assignments for the design of large unique objects.
This edition is the first in a series of Recommendations for the Design of Environments, Buildings and Structures for the Needs of Persons with Disabilities. Its requirements apply to all subsequent Recommendations on urban planning issues, certain types of residential, public and industrial buildings and structures.

In the second edition"Urban Planning Requirements" provides methods for calculating the needs for specialized buildings for the disabled (boarding schools, nursing homes, etc.), as well as taking into account the needs of disabled people when designing public buildings, requirements for designing environmental elements and communication routes.

Third issue is dedicated to the design of various types of residential buildings, taking into account the needs of people with disabilities. This is followed by a whole series of issues related to public buildings and structures. First of all, they consider objects of mass construction, potentially most visited by disabled people, then they formulate requirements for large public buildings, which, as a rule, are objects of individual design. In addition, the series includes issues related to industrial enterprises, to the reconstruction of existing buildings and structures, taking into account the needs of disabled people, as well as to measures to ensure the evacuation of disabled people from buildings and structures in extreme conditions.

with damage to the musculoskeletal system;
with visual impairments;
with hearing impairments.

The specific features of people with disabilities in this category have the greatest influence on the features of building design, taking into account people with limited mobility. Among them, two subgroups should be distinguished: disabled people who use various devices for walking and wheelchairs when moving. Disabled people with lesions of the musculoskeletal system differ significantly from healthy people in their anthropometric and ergonometric characteristics. They experience difficulties in moving, moving along a difficult route and in a cramped space, in overcoming various obstacles in the form of stairs, thresholds, etc., in using balconies, loggias, ordinary furniture and equipment.

It is equally important when designing buildings to take into account the requirements of the visually impaired. In this case, two main groups can be distinguished: completely blind people and people with residual vision. The blind, whose anthropometric structure of the body is not disturbed, use a cane that increases the size of ordinary people. In addition, these disabled people experience difficulties in movement and orientation. For them, a system of additional landmarks acquires special significance when designing: contrasting combinations of color and texture, materials, sound signals, special guides and warning devices, relief and silhouette tables and signs, etc.

Disabled people with hearing impairments are close in their anthropometric characteristics to healthy people and do not require adjustments to the basic parameters of the elements of the environment, buildings and structures given in the Recommendations. However, these people find it difficult to orient themselves, and therefore, in buildings and structures, it is necessary to take into account a number of requirements for the device of additional visual and light information, as well as electro-acoustic devices.

Parameters of zones and spaces.

MAIN FUNCTIONAL AREAS

FOR THE DISABLED IN WHEELCHAIRS

One of the defining elements in the design of buildings and structures, taking into account the characteristics of disabled people, is the dimensions of a person moving with the help of a wheelchair.

A - a zone for placing a wheelchair with a disabled person; B - dimensions of the wheelchair; B - ergonometric parameters of a disabled person in a wheelchair.

Smaller numbers indicate the sizes of models intended for indoor use, larger ones - for use both outdoors and indoors.

To determine the dimensions of the main functional areas, corridors, landings of flights of stairs, the width of the vestibule, etc. it is necessary to take into account the dimensions of the turning zones of the wheelchair.

A - wheelchair swivel zone by 90(; B - wheelchair swivel zone by 180(; C - wheelchair swivel zone by 360.

MAIN FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOR THE DISABLED PEOPLE IN WHEELCHAIRS.

When designing and arranging furniture and equipment for the needs of people with disabilities, it is necessary to be guided by the ergonomic parameters available to people using wheelchairs.

A - front view; B - side view; B - top view;

1 - when stationary; 2 - when tilted:

For women; - - -for men

DIMENSIONS AND ERGONOMETRIC PARAMETERS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE USING ADDITIONAL SUPPORTS.

A disabled person using additional supports, in the "standing" and "sitting" positions, occupies an area increased in comparison with the dimensions of a healthy person.

A - side view; B - top view; 1 - when placing a disabled person in a row of spectator seats; 2 - when placing a disabled person in the aisle at the table and a disabled person sitting at the table; 3 - when a disabled person passes by a seated person

MAIN FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOR DISABLED PEOPLE USING ADDITIONAL SUPPORTS.

To determine the area of functional zones in different rooms, it is recommended to take into account the dimensions of a person using additional supports.

A - side view; B - top view; 1 - at the bathroom: 2 - by the bed; 3 - at the washbasin; 4 - at the closet.

INITIAL DIMENSIONS OF PEOPLE WITH VISUAL DEFECTS.

Visually impaired persons can get around with the help of a guide dog or a cane. In the first case, a person occupies a zone with a size of 0.8x1.3 m. In the second case, the cane goes beyond the dimensions of the body of a walking person by 0,2 m on the sides and 0.8 m in front.

DIMENSIONS AND ERGONOMETRIC PARAMETERS

FOR PEOPLE WITH VISUAL DEFECTS.

Blind and visually impaired people navigate buildings by touch when moving along walls (A), furniture and equipment (B), as well as using handrails and guardrails (B). When designing, one should be guided by the initial dimensions of people with visual impairments shown in the figure.

ERGONOMETRIC PARAMETERS FOR THE ELDERLY.

When designing buildings for people with limited mobility, anthropometry and ergonometric parameters of the elderly should be taken into account.

A - front view; B - side view; B - top view.

1 - general dimensions of a person in the "standing" position; 2 - reach zone; 3 - zone of optimal visibility: 4 - general dimensions in the "sitting" position; optimal working space, zone for convenient placement of equipment; Sizes for men are given in brackets.

ERGONOMETRIC PARAMETERS FOR THE MOVEMENT OF DISABLED PEOPLE

When designing, the width of the passage zones when wheelchairs move in one direction should be at least 1.2 m, with oncoming traffic - at least 1.8 m. the passage should be taken as 1.5 m. With a local narrowing of the passage, its width may be reduced to 0.85 m.

A - with one-way traffic; B - with two-way (oncoming) traffic; B - with two-way movement of wheelchairs; G - the width of the local narrowing of the passage

PARAMETERS OF ZONES FOR MOVEMENT OF THE DISABLED
WITH VIOLATION OF THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS.

The width of the passage zones of a person using various aids (sticks, crutches, "walkers", etc.) during movement ranges from 0.7 to 0.95 m, depending on the type of support devices.

A - without additional supports; B - with one stick; B - with two sticks; G - with two "elbow" crutches; D - with two crutches; E - with support devices

Entrances to buildings and premises.

EQUIPMENT OF ENTRANCES WITH RAMPS AND STAIRS.

All buildings and structures that disabled people can use must have at least one entrance accessible to them, which, if necessary, must be equipped with a ramp or other device that makes it possible for a disabled person to rise to the level of the entrance to the building (elevator hall or first floor).

A - top view; 1 - warning tactile strip; B - side view

DIMENSIONS OF ZONES FOR WHEELCHAIR ACCESS TO ENTRANCES TO BUILDINGS AND PREMISES.

Depending on the specific situation, when deciding the entrance to the building and placing the front door during design, it is recommended to focus on various options for the device of the platform for maneuvering the wheelchair, shown in the figure. The dimensions of these platforms depend not only on the type of entrance doors and the direction of their opening, but also on the direction of the main entrances to the doors.

A - when opening the door inward; B - when opening the door outwards; B - when opening the door outwards

EQUIPMENT OF SITES IN FRONT OF ENTRANCES
AND DEVICE OF TAMBOURS.

The areas in front of the entrances to the building must have a hard surface and be equipped with heating, if required by climatic conditions. Sites in front of the entrances to buildings and structures, as well as ramps, stairs and lifting devices for the disabled must be protected from precipitation.

The minimum area of vestibules at the entrances to buildings and structures should be established in accordance with the possibility of unhindered passage and turning of a disabled person in a wheelchair. The dimensions of the vestibule depend on the location of the doors and the direction of their opening.

A - when opening the doors into the vestibule; B - when one of the doors is opened outwards; B - when opening the doors outward and turning the wheelchair by 90 (; G- when opening double doors outwards

EQUIPMENT OF ENTRANCE DOORS FOR THE DISABLED
WITH DAMAGE TO THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS

In the door leafs of the buildings, viewing panels made of impact-resistant glass should be provided, the lower part of which should be located no higher than 0.9 m from the floor level. Tempered or reinforced glass should be used as door glazing. The lower part of the door leaves to a height of 0.3 m must be protected by a shockproof strip.

Door handles should have a surface that is comfortable to grasp by hand and allow easy opening of the door with a movement of the hand or forearm. The maximum force for opening and closing the door should be no more than 2.5 kg.

A - single door; B - double glazed door with marking strips; B - recommended location of door handles; D - recommended areas for the location of the code lock (1), license plate (2), call button (3)

DEVICE OF ENTRANCE DOORS ACCORDING TO NEEDS
DISABLED PEOPLE WITH VISUAL DEFECTS

For visually impaired persons, doors should be equipped in such a way as to facilitate orientation and ensure safe use of them. A system of visual, tactile and audible information should be provided indicating the location, the direction of opening the door, the purpose of the room located behind the door.

When using doors with glazed doors, it is necessary to provide a horizontal opaque warning strip 0.15 m wide on the wall at a height of 1.6 m from the floor level.

A - changing the texture and color of the orientation strip in front of the doorway; B - changing the texture and color of the handrail in front of the doorway; B - installation of "sound beacons"; G - indication of the direction of opening the door; D - highlighting the contrasting color and texture strip of the doorway; E - closing the gaps with elastic material

Ramps.

COMMON PARAMETERS

The lifting height of each ramp march should not exceed 0.8 m. The slope of the ramp should be no more than 1:12, and when rising to a height of up to 0.2 m - no more than 1:10, the transverse slope should not exceed 1:50.

Along the outer (not adjacent to the walls) edges of the ramp and platforms, bumpers with a height of at least 0.05 m should be arranged.

A - to a height of up to 0.2 m; B - to a height of up to 0.8 m; B - transverse profile of the ramp; 1 - plan; 2 - cut

At the beginning and at the end of each rise of the ramp, horizontal platforms should be arranged with a width of at least the width of the ramp and a length of at least 1.5 m. When changing the direction of the ramp, the width of the horizontal platform should allow the wheelchair to turn. The width of the ramp should correspond to the main parameters of the passages.

G - when lifting to a height of more than 0.8 m; D - when lifting to a height of up to 1.5 m

DEVICE OF HANDRAILS AND FENCES.

On both sides of the ramp, it is recommended to provide fences with a height of at least 0.9 m with handrails. The handrails must be double at a height of 0.7 and 0.9 m, and for preschool children at a height of 0.5 m, have a continuation of at least 0.3 m above the horizontal platforms. Optimal handrail profiles: round section with a radius of 0.03 - 0.05 m or a rectangular section with a thickness of not more than 0.04 m. The distance between the handrail and the wall should be taken at least 0.045 m.

Stairs.

TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NEEDS OF THE DISABLED PEOPLE WITH DAMAGE OF THE LOCOMOTOR APPARATUS

It is recommended to make the steps of stairs on the paths of movement of disabled people deaf, even and with a non-slip surface. The edge of the step must have a rounding with a radius of not more than 0.05 m. Along the side edges of the flight of stairs that are not adjacent to the walls, the steps must have bumpers with a height of at least 0.02 m.

The width of the treads should be at least 0.4 for external stairs, and at least 0.3 m for internal stairs; height of rises of steps of external ladders - no more than 0.12, internal - no more than 0.15 m.

Staircases are equipped with handrails on both sides. The handrails are located from the surface of the tread at a height of 0.9 m, and for children - at a height of 0.7 m. The handrails should be extended above the platforms for a length of at least 0.3 m. The design of the handrails is similar to the design of handrails for ramps.

FEATURES OF THE DEVICE OF LADDERS
TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NEEDS OF VISUALLY DISABLED PEOPLE

For the blind and visually impaired, flights of stairs at the top and bottom, as well as sections of handrails corresponding to the first and last steps of the march, should be marked with surface areas with pronounced corrugation (tactile strip) and contrasting color. Contrasting coloring of steps (light treads and dark risers) is also desirable. It is possible to use step illumination. Stairs must have at least three steps.

The number of steps in flights of stairs along the path of the visually impaired must be the same. At the turn of the stair handrails on each floor, it is recommended to install plates indicating the floor number, made in embossed Arabic numerals or Braille characters.

Under the flight of stairs in an area with a height of less than 2.10 m, a warning barrier should be installed.

A - arrangement of orientation strips: 1 - contrasting color; 2 - tactile warning strip; B - device of a warning barrier under the flight of stairs: 1 - zone in need of a warning fence

Corridors and passages.

CORRIDOR PARAMETERS

The width of corridors and aisles should be sufficient for the free movement of disabled people using wheelchairs (1.8 m in oncoming traffic and 1.2 m in one direction). The width of intra-apartment corridors in residential buildings is assumed to be at least 0.9 m. Not a single obstacle in the corridors should block the minimum required width of the passage.

When turning the corridor by 90(, the minimum required area for turning the wheelchair, shown in the figure, must be observed. In dead-end corridors, it is necessary to ensure the possibility of turning the wheelchair by 180(.

A - internal corridor; B - corridor with one-way movement of wheelchairs; B - corridor with two-way movement of wheelchairs; G - corridors with a turn and a dead end

CORRIDOR PARAMETERS

When assigning the width of corridors and passages, it is necessary to take into account not only the width of the free zone for the movement of disabled people, but also the direction of opening the doors.

A - a corridor with a turn of 90 (and with the placement of doors along the route; B - a passage without doors when moving in two directions; C - a corridor with opening doors from the premises on both sides; D - a corridor with opening doors from the premises on one side

INSTALLATION OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

Open sections of corridor walls should be equipped with solid handrails at a height of 0.9 m - for adults, 0.7 m - for teenagers, 0.5 m - for young children. In addition, for the orientation of visually impaired people, it is recommended to provide color and texture stripes.

The height of the passage to the bottom of the protruding equipment (structures) must be at least 2.1 m. passages by more than 0.1 m, and when placed on a free-standing support, by more than 0.3 m.

A - placement of handrails and information strips along the walls: 1 - guiding handrail; 2 - color bar; B - placement of elements mounted on the ceiling and wall; B - placement of elements mounted on a separate support

INSTALLATION OF OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT

If the elements protrude beyond the plane of the walls by more than 0.1 m, then the space under them must be allocated with a rim with a height of at least 0.1 m. If the lower edge of the protruding objects is at a height of 0.7 m or lower, then the size of the protrusion is not limited . In any case, protruding objects and elements of equipment should not reduce the minimum required width of the corridor (passage).

A - placement of elements mounted at a height of more than 0.7 m; 1 - the size of the protrusion is not limited; 2 - width of the free passage; 3 - warning fence (side); B - placement of elements mounted at a height of less than 0.7 m; 1 - the size of the protrusion is not limited; 2 - cane movement zone

And - the lift moved vertically; B - lift moved along the flight of stairs: 1 - lift platform; 2 - free zone; 3 - the width of the stairs, not used constantly; 4 - the width of the actively used stairs

Sanitary and hygienic premises.

FEATURES OF DESIGNING BATHROOMS FOR THE DISABLED ON WHEELCHAIRS

The toilets should provide at least one cabin for the disabled using wheelchairs when moving, with a minimum plan size of 1.65 x 1.80 m. next to the toilet.

A - the minimum cabin of the bathroom: 1 - front view; 2 - side view; 3 - plan view; B - an option for solving a bathroom when placing a cabin at the end of a common toilet room: 1 - layout plan; 2 - accommodation in a common row of cabins

FEATURES OF DESIGNING BATHROOM FOR DISABLED PEOPLE USING SUPPORT DEVICES

For people with disabilities who use crutches or other devices when moving, one of the ordinary cubicles of a public toilet should be equipped with handrails located on the sides, as well as hooks for clothes, crutches and other accessories.

Entrances to the restroom for the visually impaired should be provided with embossed and color identification marks of the same type for the entire facility. Men's and women's restrooms should not be placed adjacently.

A - bathroom cabin (side view and top view): B - placement in the general row of cabins

BATHROOM DESIGN FEATURES

Bathrooms should have enough free space for maneuvering in a wheelchair. The bathtub is equipped with a removable seat and wall-mounted handrails.

1 - wheelchair maneuvering area; 2 - removable seat; 3 - shower net with a flexible hose on a movable bracket; 4 - horizontal handrail; 5 - vertical handrail

functional zones.

POSITIONING YOUR PHONE FOR YOUR USE
DISABLED IN A WHEELCHAIR

The telephone booth should have dimensions of 1.4 x 1.2 m with an area for wheelchair access.

At least one of the payphones located in public places accessible to the disabled should be installed at a height of 0.85 to 1.1 m from the floor level.

A - layout of the zone with an entrance to the telephone booth; B - front view; B - a variant of the zone layout with an open pay phone; 1 - open pay phone; 2 - telephone booth; 3 - area for wheelchair access; 4 - list of emergency telephones and other information; 5 - a shelf or place for placing telephone directories; 6 - folding seat

Rest zone.

IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS

For people with disabilities in wheelchairs and people with limited mobility, a recreation area for 2-3 seats should be provided in two versions - either in the form of a separate “pocket” area with a zone for driving and turning around in a wheelchair, or at places of rest in armchairs.

A - a separate area at the table; B - area located next to the seating area in armchairs

PARAMETERS OF FUNCTIONAL ZONES REQUIRED FOR PLACING DISABLED PEOPLE ON
WHEELCHAIRS IN DINING ROOMS, BUFFETS

Near the dispenser, the width of the aisle should be at least 1.20 m. The canteen area, where places for the disabled are provided, should have a convenient approach to the dispenser. The distance between the tables is at least 0.9 m, the passage width is 1.8 m, the free zone between the table and the wall is at least 1.2 m. hooks for crutches.

A - section along the counter of the cafeteria; B - area for the disabled at the table; B - table arrangement options

PARAMETERS OF THE FUNCTIONAL ZONES REQUIRED FOR ACCOMMODATION OF THE DISABLED PEOPLE
ON WHEELCHAIRS IN DINING ROOMS, BUFFETS

In buffets, bars, part of the bar counter should be located at a height accessible to the disabled. It is possible to increase the level of the floor in a separate area with a rack accessible to the disabled in a wheelchair.

A - a section along the bar counter; B - a place for a disabled person at the bar; B - places for the disabled at tables near the wall

Means of information and orientation of the disabled.

FEATURES OF DESIGN TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NEEDS OF THE DISABLED MOVING IN WHEELCHAIRS

The location of visual information should be convenient for use by wheelchair users. Visual information should be placed against a contrasting background, at a height of at least 0.9 m and not more than 1.7 m from the floor level or the surface of the pedestrian path. The height of the zone of optimal visibility is also taken into account when setting the height of the installation of windows.

A - placement of information stands for disabled people in wheelchairs; B - placement of windows, taking into account the needs of disabled people in wheelchairs

DESIGN FEATURES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NEEDS OF VISUALLY DISABLED PEOPLE.

The space-planning structure of the building should provide illuminated, straight-line loading and evacuation routes for visually impaired people. On the routes of disabled people, columns, poles and other point-like obstacles are, if possible, avoided, and if necessary, their devices provide for clearly visible marking or fencing of dangerous places.
In front of the elevator door on all floors, a 0.9 m wide relief flooring is recommended. It is desirable to equip the elevator car with a sound reproducing device that provides information about the room and the main rooms of the floor. It is recommended to make the first floor button different in color and size from other buttons.
Combined lighting (artificial and natural) is recommended in the premises of buildings that are used by visually impaired people. The coefficient of natural light (KEO) must be at least 2.5%.
Matte painting of the surfaces of rooms and equipment is recommended in compliance with the reflection coefficients: ceiling - 70%, walls - 60% (upper zone) and 50% (lower zone), equipment - 35%, floor - 25-30%.
When installing artificial lighting, a combined system of general and local lighting is recommended, providing illumination from 500 to 1500 lux, depending on the nature of the activity. At the same time, the level of illumination from the general lighting system should be 500 lux. In a combined lighting system, it is recommended to use incandescent lamps as sources of the most gentle and expanding visual comfort zone of the light regime. It is unacceptable to mix the spectra of artificial light sources, i.e. simultaneous lighting of premises with fluorescent and incandescent lamps.
Luminaires for local spot lighting should have: small dimensions; the ability to change the height and direction of the light flux, rigid attachment to the base.
In corridors and rooms used by visually impaired people, it is recommended to provide emergency lighting (with an illumination level of at least 0.5 lux on the floor).
In self-service dressing rooms, it is recommended to provide individual lamps in cabinets that automatically turn on when the door is opened. On the end wall of each end cabinet, it is recommended to install an embossed sign with the row number and cabinet numbers in the row at a height of 1.55-1.6 m from the floor level.
In buildings and premises, it is recommended to provide for a gentle sound mode (no more than 40 dB) and noise protection measures: the use of sound-absorbing wall and ceiling cladding, soundproof structures. Perforation on facing boards should be at least 20% of the board surface, hole diameter 3-5 mm. In the absence of surfaces for the installation of sound-absorbing plates, it is recommended to use piece sound absorbers in the form of screens, suspension elements, etc. Piece sound absorbers are made of perforated sheets with internal filling of volumes with sound-absorbing materials and are located near noise sources.
It is recommended to provide warning information about approaching obstacles for the visually impaired by changing the color and texture of the floor surface.

A - straight ahead B - "Attention, turn!"; B - "Attention, the intersection of streams!"; G - "Attention, stairs!"

FEATURES OF DESIGN TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE NEEDS OF DISABLED PEOPLE WITH HEARING DEFECTS.

Designing for the needs of the deaf and hard of hearing is not about creating special conditions and changing the parameters of zones and spaces in buildings and structures, but taking into account their needs at an early stage of design in relation to room acoustics and obtaining the necessary information.
When calculating the reverberation time, it must be taken into account that with a short reverberation time, speech may be indistinguishable for the hearing impaired. If the reverberation time is too long (in halls), background noise and echoes not only interfere with speech perception, but also adversely affect hearing impaired people.
To facilitate the orientation of the hearing impaired, it is recommended to provide sound-absorbing surfaces such as perforated or layered acoustic ceilings, carpets, etc.
Among public telephones, it is recommended to install a clearly marked apparatus with an inductive device for the hearing impaired.
In the areas of information services, shopping kiosks, cafe counters, etc. Lighting should be lip-reading. It is not recommended to install glass screens in these areas, as they can give reflections and reflections that interfere with visual perception.
In buildings designed for the constant visit or stay of deaf and hard of hearing people, it is recommended to provide additional sound amplification systems.
Buildings and structures are recommended to be equipped with consistent and complete (from the entrance to individual rooms) visual information so that people with hearing and speech disabilities can navigate without additional communication, in which they are difficult. Each room and space should be clearly marked, large and well lit.
In buildings and structures where sound information is provided, it is necessary to duplicate information with inscriptions on displays and scoreboards. Fire alarm systems must contain a light alarm along with a sound one.

A - examples of signs of visual information; B - the height of signs depending on the distance from which they should be perceived; B - signs location zones

Terms and Definitions.

Anthropometric parameters- a system of measurements of the human body and its parts.
door clearance- the actual width of the doorway with the door leaf open at 90 (or the sliding door fully open).
Disabled person- a person with impaired health as a result of congenital defects, a persistent disorder of body functions or an injury that has led to significant difficulties in life, complete or partial disability.
People with limited mobility- persons of the older age group, 60 years and older, disabled people of working age 16-60 years old, disabled children under 16 years old, children under 8-10 years old, pedestrians with prams, temporarily disabled.
Ramp- an inclined plane for vertical communication both inside and outside the building. The elderly are people of the older age group.
Tactile- embossed, felt.
Zones and spaces settings- numerical values of quantities (length, width, height) characterizing the dimensions between any boundaries in plan or space, for example, the length and width of the zone occupied by a disabled person, the turning radius of a wheelchair, the height of the reach zone, etc.
Functional areas- the space between some boundaries, characterized by certain signs associated with any activity, for example, the area at the pay phone, the area at the table, the area at the cafeteria counter, etc.
Braille- embossed dot font for writing and reading the blind.
Ergonomic parameters- parameters of a person in the conditions of movement, any activity.

Bibliography:

Architectural environment for the disabled and the elderly. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1989.
Kalmet H.Yu. Living environment for the disabled. - M .: Stroyizdat, 1990.
Ensuring the possibility of movement of the disabled and the elderly in large cities. Series: "Problems of big cities". Overview information. Issue. 26. - M.: State. planning committee of the RSFSR, Mos. mountains CSTI and propaganda.
Stepanov V.K., Sharapenko V.K. Habitat for people with visual impairments - M .: TSNTI, 1982.
Recommendations for the design of various types of housing for the elderly and disabled. - Ivanovo, 1991.
Standard instruction for ensuring the movement of disabled people using wheelchairs in the projects of public buildings, planning and development of populated areas. - M .: Goskomarchitectura, 1988.
European Manual for an Accessible Built Environment- CCPT, 1990.
Barrier Free Design. The law. U.1.-NY, 1989.
Geboden Toegang. Druk Libertas Drukwerk Service, Utrecht.-The Netherlands, 1990.

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LLC "MOSTREMSTROY"

"We continue our productive cooperation with Unlimited Opportunities today."

The administration of the regional state budgetary institution "Regional Center for Psychological, Medical and Social Support" expresses gratitude to the company "Unlimited Opportunities" for the professionalism and high-quality execution of the order.

Acting Director L.O. Shapovalenko

Regional center for psychological, medical and social support, Krasnoyarsk

"The responsiveness and professionalism of the staff left a pleasant impression. Thank you for your cooperation!"

In the autumn of 2016, Unlimited Opportunities LLC produced a tactile tape and a tactile mnemonic diagram for us. The products were made in accordance with the current building codes and regulations, according to the terms of reference and the terms of the contract.

N.N. Rubanov

Director of the branch of JSC "Komiaviatrans "Airport Ukhta"

"Our company, when choosing a manufacturer, out of many on the market, undoubtedly gave preference to Unlimited Opportunities LLC"

The employees of this company took our large and complex order responsibly, while carefully listening to our requirements. At present, the Novosibirsk water park is fully equipped for people with limited mobility.

Director: Kondratiev S.A.

LLC "VDT Stroy"

There were no difficulties in the manufacturing process, the company's managers are responsive and attentive, they do their work on time. At the same time, the quality of tactile products is at a decent level. We wish the company "Unlimited Opportunities" prosperity and thank you for your cooperation!

General Director Romashchenko K.V.

OZEL TRADE&Co, Almaty

"Our cooperation with Unlimited Opportunities LLC left a favorable impression.

The tasks assigned to the organization were successfully implemented: signal markings, as well as signs and signs with a reflective coating for parking, were made and delivered on time. We recommend Unlimited Opportunities LLC as a good manufacturer.

When you want to make life easier for a loved one or a patient of a medical institution, use devices for caring for the sick and the elderly.

The online store presents furniture for people with disabilities with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, wheelchair users, temporarily disabled people, as well as children with disabilities.

The functions are different: this is the provision of the possibility of maintaining a working or educational place, independent implementation of various hygiene procedures, eating. Sometimes such furniture can be useful not only for the disabled, but also for the elderly who are concerned about serious health problems.

specifics

We single out four branches of furniture for the disabled:

Tables. Disabled-oriented furniture such as bedside tables are available in thousands of model variations. The purpose is to provide the possibility of comfortable eating without having to get out of bed. Structures are adjustable in height, movement occurs horizontally and vertically. There is also a special table for a wheelchair.
Beds. It is considered by right a necessary branch in the production of specialized furniture - beds, with a mechanical drive. The wheels are height adjustable. Such beds can be seen in medical facilities and ambulances, but they are also actively used to provide care for the sick at home.
Chairs and stools for the bathroom. They provide the possibility of taking a bath and shower for people with problems with the musculoskeletal system. All elements are made of corrosion-resistant materials, and the design is adjustable in height. The legs are equipped with special tips that prevent slipping.
Cabinets. The bedside tables, oriented towards people with disabilities, are equipped with a dynamic table top, which is an alternative to the classic bedside table. Most furniture involves casters, which make it possible to move the structure while minimizing the effort expended.

Do you want to buy special furniture in Moscow? Submit an application on the website. The consultant of the company will help you make the right order. We look forward to collaborating!