Clinical examination: what it is, what it includes. How to get a free medical examination at a clinic at your place of residence or at your place of work or study? What time do medical examinations take place?

The implementation of general medical examination in our country began in 2013. This is a kind of return to the traditions that existed in Soviet times. They included a routine medical examination aimed at determining the health status of each person: worker, student, unemployed and pensioner.

Currently, mandatory medical examinations are carried out everywhere: in large and small cities and villages. The main purpose of such an examination is the timely detection of various diseases and referral for treatment.

What is a medical examination?

In the medical dictionary, this word denotes a certain concept of therapeutic and preventive activities, which are carried out in specialized medical institutions. Such work is regulated by relevant regulations. The documents indicate the exact scope of medical consultation and research, as well as the time of their implementation. Enterprises create a special order for routine examination of employees who need medical examination.

All activities are carried out at the patient’s place of residence in a medical institution. Any person has the right to completely or partially refuse such an examination. To do this, you will need to put your reluctance in writing and present it to the therapist.

Medical examination is of great importance for maintaining public health. Many diseases do not show any signs for a long time and do not manifest themselves at all. Often, such ailments have serious consequences that threaten not only the health, but also the life of the patient. Based on this, we can say that the main advantage of the examination is the early diagnosis of existing diseases. In the initial stages, the disease is much easier to cure.

A complete examination includes a whole range of measures that allow a comprehensive assessment of the health status of each person. An annual examination significantly reduces the risk of developing serious diseases, often leading to loss of capacity or death.

Medical examination goals

The main function of early diagnosis, carried out as part of medical examination, is considered to be timely determination of the presence of serious diseases, such as:

diseases of the cardiovascular system, central nervous system;
various neoplasms, malignant and benign;
diabetes;
chronic disorders in the functioning of the respiratory system.

Almost 75% of deaths occur precisely because of the above diseases. The medical examination is aimed, first of all, at identifying alarming symptoms, as well as risk factors, which often lead to serious consequences. These include:

high blood pressure;
an increase in the amount of glucose in the blood (hyperglycemia);
exceeding normal cholesterol levels;
alcohol abuse;
sedentary lifestyle;
smoking;
overweight;
unhealthy diet.

People who undergo examination have the opportunity to receive professional advice from doctors, which reduces the risk of developing dangerous diseases. The main goal of such events is to preserve health and increase life expectancy of the population.

What is the essence of medical examination and what does it include? The entire examination consists of two stages, as well as laboratory tests.

First stage

Initially, non-communicable diseases are identified, which include disorders of the functioning of the cardiovascular system, cancer, glaucoma, diabetes and others. The main task of this stage is to diagnose existing risks that threaten human health. This should also include identifying the use of psychotropic and narcotic drugs that are not prescribed by a specialist.

To carry out the initial phase of the examination, you will need to visit the medical facility twice. The first visit takes 2 – 6 hours. As a rule, referral for medical examination does not require exhausting standing in line, but the work of specialists requires quite a lot of time. The patient must undergo a preventive examination by the following doctors:

therapist;
gynecologist;
neurologist;
ophthalmologist;
surgeon.

Laboratory research

What analyzes and studies are typical for the primary stage? The exact list of necessary procedures is indicated in the bypass sheet, which is issued to each patient. This list is formed on the basis of individual parameters: living conditions, medical history. The dispensary kit includes the following studies:

blood pressure measurement;
Using express methods, cholesterol and blood sugar levels are determined;
general and clinical blood test;
urine test;
coprogram;
fluorography;
identification of predisposition to the development of problems with the cardiovascular system;
mammography;
fixation of intraocular pressure;
study of scrapings of the cervical canal and cervix in women;
Ultrasound of the abdominal organs.

A pressing question is: is it necessary to visit a gynecologist a second time after completing the initial stage of medical examination? According to experts, there is no need to repeat the examination if no pathologies are detected during the examination of the tests.

Second phase

A patient who has passed the initial stage of examination of the adult population is prescribed an additional examination if any disturbances in the functioning of systems and organs are detected. What is included in the clinical examination at the second stage? It will be carried out by specialized specialists, and repeated tests will be required to confirm or refute the preliminary diagnosis. The patient is offered a list of free services, including:

consultations with various specialists: gynecologist, urologist, surgeon, otolaryngologist;
additional instrumental or laboratory studies.

Each patient who has undergone medical examination and examination by a therapist receives a “Health Card”, which must include all the data.

How to prepare for medical examination?

Visits to doctors and procedures included in the bypass list must be scheduled for the morning. The person being examined must arrive at the medical facility on an empty stomach. It is not recommended to engage in sports (exercises, jogging) beforehand. It is worth taking care in advance of collecting urine and stool samples for analysis. It is recommended to use special containers for this, which are sold in any pharmacy.

What rules should be followed when collecting material? Urine should be collected 2–3 seconds after the start of urination. 24 hours before collecting the material, you should not eat fresh food that can change its color. These include beets and carrots. Taking diuretics is prohibited. They can have a strong influence on individual characteristics.

The collected urine must be delivered to the clinic within 1.5 hours. It must be stored at positive temperatures. A planned clinical examination involves re-donating urine if it was delivered later than the specified period or was exposed to low temperatures.

How long will it take to complete the inspection?

The list of examinations included in the first stage requires, as mentioned earlier, two visits to a medical facility. It takes from 2 to 6 hours - it all depends on the age of the person being examined and the number of doctors he must visit.

The patient comes back for the second time 1 to 6 days later, when all the tests are ready. During this visit, the therapist conducts a final examination and summarizes the results. In case of detection of chronic non-infectious pathologies or other serious diseases, the issues raised are studied. The duration of the additional examination depends on the number of tests and examinations required.

So, general medical examination is required for timely diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Such a system makes it possible to control the development of pathologies in the population. An annual examination helps to identify the disease in the early stages and take the necessary measures. It is also important that comprehensive measures are aimed at helping the least protected segments of the population. In particular, medical examination of pensioners, disabled people, and orphans is proposed.

Purpose of medical examination: early detection of chronic non-communicable diseases, which are the main cause of disability and premature mortality of the population of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as chronic non-communicable diseases), which include:

diseases of the circulatory system and, first of all, coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases

malignant neoplasms

diabetes

chronic lung diseases and others

These diseases are about 70% in the structure of the causes of all mortality in our country. In addition, clinical examination is aimed at identifying and correcting the main risk factors for the development of these diseases:

Elevated blood pressure levels

Increased blood cholesterol levels

Elevated blood glucose levels

Smoking tobacco

Harmful consumption of alcohol

Poor nutrition

Low physical activity

Overweight or obesity

Consumption of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances without a doctor’s prescription

An important feature of clinical examination is not only the early identification of chronic non-communicable diseases and risk factors for their development, but also the provision of brief preventive counseling to citizens with these risk factors, as well as for citizens with identified risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school) in the department (office) of medical prevention or health center.

Such active preventive interventions will quickly and significantly reduce the likelihood of developing dangerous chronic non-infectious diseases in each individual person, and in people already suffering from such diseases, significantly reduce the severity of treatment of the disease and the incidence of complications.

Where and when can I get a medical examination?

Citizens undergo medical examination in a medical organization where they receive primary health care: in a clinic, in a center (department) of general medical practice (family medicine), in a medical outpatient clinic, or a medical unit.

Your local doctor (paramedic) or local nurse or an employee of the prevention department (office) of a medical organization will tell you in detail where, when and how you can undergo medical examination, and will agree with you on the approximate date and period of medical examination.

Most activities within the framework of medical examination are carried out once every 3 years; after 40 years, medical examination is carried out annually.

How long does it take to complete a medical examination?

To undergo the examination of the first stage of medical examination (screening), as a rule, two visits are required. The first visit takes approximately 3 to 6 hours, and the scope of the examination varies significantly depending on your age.

The second visit is to the local doctor for a final examination and summing up the results of the medical examination. Typically, the interval between visits is from 1 to 6 days and depends on the length of time required to obtain research results.

If, based on the results of the first stage of medical examination, you need additional examination, individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school), the local doctor (therapist) informs you about this and refers you to the second stage of medical examination, the duration of which depends on the amount of additional examination you need .

How to get a medical examination?

List of examinations by medical specialists (paramedic or midwife), studies and other medical measures carried out within the framework of medical examination depending on the age and gender of the citizen (scope of medical examination)

Determined by the Procedure for carrying out medical examination of certain groups of the adult population, approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 124n dated March 13, 2019. Please note that when undergoing medical examination, the year of birth of citizens is taken into account, and not the day and month!
For example: a citizen whose date of birth was 07/04/1989 applied to the clinic to undergo a medical examination. He can undergo a medical examination in the period from 01/01/2019 to 12/31/2019. This means that it is possible to undergo medical examination on any convenient dates according to the operating hours of the medical organization throughout the entire calendar year, including until he reaches the age specified by the order.

The catastrophic deterioration in people's living standards, high mortality, and the demographic crisis prompted the state to pay close attention to the health of citizens. A medical examination plan was introduced, providing for a comprehensive examination of the patient’s body for detectable diseases. The system has only recently been operational and few people know about the procedure. The free medical examination required for adults and children in 2018 – what is included in the examination, many citizens who care about their health would like to clarify.

What is medical examination

Many citizens seek medical help when the disease is at an incurable stage, and it is almost impossible to do anything to help the patient. If you identify a disease in the early stages of development, when it is quietly smoldering in the body, then you can effectively cure a person, improving the quality of life. A comprehensive examination of the body with instruments, consultations with specialists in various fields, and collection of tests includes medical examination. You can be examined for free once every three years. Some categories of citizens can undergo the study annually.

Russians do not like to visit the clinic without a reason - no one likes to jostle in queues, to be among patients with the risk of catching an infection, so many want to know what is included in the medical examination for an adult, which doctors need to be visited, what kind of tests to take. A medical examination is voluntary, no one will force a person to undergo screening, the state simply encourages people to monitor their health by providing free medical services.

Goals

Complex diagnostics is aimed at identifying chronic diseases using various examination methods. Statistics say that Russians of different age groups die from cardiovascular, cancer, endocrine and pulmonary diseases in descending order. The initial examination is aimed at detecting diseases of this type. Early diagnosis allows you to successfully treat ailments, take preventive measures against the development of diseases, and form the correct attitude towards the health of adult and minor members of society.

Program

Medical institutions that have the right to carry out medical examinations are guided by the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated February 3, 2015. for No. 36an, adopted on the basis of Articles 6724, 6175 of the Federal Law No. 323 of November 21, 2011, establishing the right to diagnostic examinations once every three years for the following categories of adult Russians:

working;
unemployed;
full-time students in secondary specialized and higher educational institutions.

Some citizens may undergo a medical examination annually. These include:

disabled people of WWII, military operations;
residents of besieged Leningrad who have the appropriate certificate;
prisoners of fascist concentration camps.

The procedure for undergoing an examination of the body includes two stages of medical examination. At the first stage, patients are identified who have a tendency to develop chronic ailments of a non-infectious nature. If a patient is diagnosed with a disease or a tendency to it due to an unhealthy lifestyle, alcohol consumption, genetic predisposition, or other factors, then a second, in-depth stage of research is carried out to clarify the diagnosis. Based on the results of examinations that are part of the general medical examination system, a person is issued a Health Passport.

Organization

As part of the compulsory health insurance system for the population, medical examinations are carried out at clinics, hospitals, and ambulance stations involved in the provision of free medical services to the population. A citizen can come for screening to identify chronic ailments at the outpatient department at the place of registration. Responsible for the provision of services are the head of the medical organization, doctors, paramedics participating in the program.

What is included in the medical examination

Children aged 1-17 years undergo a mandatory medical examination in 3-year increments. For adult Russians, the approach is different. During the clinical examination, doctors check the likelihood of the patient being included in the risk category, so you will have to undergo a comprehensive examination, including various screening procedures, at the first stage of the medical examination. The second stage includes an in-depth study of the body, carried out according to medical recommendations with specific procedures and consultations with specialists.

Planned

The methodology for undergoing a preventive examination includes a systematic study of the functioning of human vital systems. Doctors are looking for a “weak link” that can lead to serious illness. At the first stage, the medical examination includes the following studies:

establishing anthropometric data (height, weight, mass index);
checking upper and lower pressure levels;
blood sampling for clinical, biochemical analysis, as well as for glucose and cholesterol levels;
ECG for men over 35 years old, women over 45 years old;
smear for cytology from the surface of the cervix in women under 69 years of age;
fluorogram;
Analysis of urine;
mammogram of the breast of women aged 39-75 years;
Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity of persons over 39 years of age, of the abdominal aorta of people who worked in hazardous conditions, smoked, or inhaled vapors of toxic substances;
taking stool for blood;
measurement of intraocular pressure;
consultation with a therapist.

Additional

If a person has deviations from normal values, then additional medical examination is carried out. The second stage includes the following procedures, according to the testimony of the therapist who made conclusions at the first stage of medical examination:

gastroduodenoscopy;
diagnostics of arteries supplying the brain with oxygen;
colonoscopy;
spirometry;
specific blood tests.

Which doctors undergo medical examination?

The initial stage of clinical examination includes a consultation with a therapist or local doctor, who makes a decision based on the tests of the person who applied for further examination. You may need to contact the following specialists:

urologist, men 42-69 years old with suspected prostate cancer;
cardiologist;
endocrinologist;
neurologist;
pulmonologist, citizens working in hazardous industries;
surgeon and (or) coloproctologist for persons over 45 years of age;
gynecologist, women with pathological changes in cervical tissue;
ophthalmologist, persons over 39 years of age with low intraocular pressure, citizens over 75 years of age - with increased.

Adults

People who work in hazardous and hazardous industries may need to be examined by an oncologist, pulmonologist, or gastroenterologist during medical examination. If a woman aged 35-75 years has unfavorable breast examination data, then an examination by a mammologist is indicated. A surgeon’s examination is included in the second stage of clinical examination if a person has identified abnormalities in the body’s functioning that require urgent surgical intervention.

Children

Children undergo medical examination, which includes visits to a pediatrician, neurologist, cardiologist, orthopedist, otolaryngologist, and ophthalmologist every quarter until the children reach 1 year of age. After three years, you will have to go through the above specialists, an andrologist for boys, a gynecologist for girls, a psychologist, a speech therapist when entering preschool institutions. Further, every 3 years the child undergoes a mandatory medical examination organized by the school institution.

What tests are taken during clinical examination?

The planned procedure includes standard, biochemical blood tests, tests for glucose and cholesterol, and urine collection for clinical analysis. Women submit a vaginal smear for histological examination of tissue cells. The secondary check includes tests ordered by the doctor. These may include the following types of blood tests:

lipid spectrum diagnostics;
degree of glycohemoglobin concentration;
level of prostate-specific antigen.

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Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give treatment recommendations based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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Clinical examination 2018 - what is included in the examination, doctors and tests

Content

Every Russian citizen has the opportunity to undergo free diagnostics of his health if he was born in the year that falls under medical examination in 2018. It covers different age groups over 21 years of age, including pensioners, students, working and non-working citizens. Clinical examination 2018 - which doctors and examination tests are included in the list of necessary for the population is determined by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Otherwise, this procedure is also called screening. It is not necessary for everyone, but doctors do not recommend ignoring it.

What is medical examination

In the healthcare system, medical examination, or screening, is a free universal medical examination of the country's population. This procedure ensures timely detection and prevention of certain diseases. Screening involves a number of mandatory laboratory tests and examinations by doctors, which a person undergoes at a certain age. The advantage of the procedure is that it is subject to increased requirements to eliminate risk factors for misdiagnoses.

What is it for?

The main goal of screening is to identify various pathologies at an early stage, especially those that are common causes of death. These include oncology, diabetes, cardiovascular pathologies, and lung diseases. In addition, during the examination, the doctor can identify some processes that indicate the risk of developing the disease in the future. As a result, the patient is given recommendations that help prevent pathology.

Goals and objectives

Clinical examination is aimed at identifying ailments in the examined person at the initial stage. Thanks to this, if a patient has diseases, treatment can be started earlier, which generally reduces mortality in the country. The main objectives of a general medical examination include:

assessment of the state of physical health of the country's population;
monitoring of persons with chronic diseases or those at risk;
improving the quality of medical care;
introduction of new technologies for recording health indicators.

Medical examination schedule by year of birth in 2018

In general, screening covers those citizens who have already reached the age of 21. Everyone who is older has the right to receive this service at their place of registration on the basis of a compulsory health insurance policy. Although the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation reserves the right to medical examination for those who were unable to undergo it in due time. To do this, the patient must submit an application to the clinic at the place of registration.

Persons over 21 years of age

This free medical service involves undergoing such routine examinations every 3 years. Until the age of 18, a citizen is observed in children's clinics. After reaching adulthood, a person undergoes his first medical examination at 18 + 3 = 21 years old. It turns out that in 2018, persons born in 1997 are subject to a routine medical examination. In addition, all those whose age is divisible by 3 have the right to this procedure, i.e. 24, 27, 30, 33, etc. So, in 2018, persons whose year of birth ends with the following numbers can undergo medical examination at the clinic:

Health Screening for Children

Based on the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, persons under the age of 18 are also subject to medical examination, but this is carried out annually. In addition, there are special rules. The law defines routine examinations that must be carried out monthly for up to 1 year, every 3 months for up to 2 years, every six months for up to 3 years. The difference lies in the more in-depth nature of screening when children reach the ages of 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 14, 15, 16 and 17 years. A child of any of the following birth years must undergo such a medical examination in 2018:

2001;
2002;
2003;
2004;
2008;
2011;
2012;
2015;
2017.

What does medical examination include?

The procedure involves the patient undergoing a number of planned activities. They are divided into 2 stages. At the first, patients undergo general examinations for all, and at the second, doctors prescribe additional diagnostics only if necessary, when a person is diagnosed with a disease or abnormality. The following organs and systems are checked during clinical examination:

intestines;
kidneys;
vessels;
thyroid gland;
blood, including sugar and cholesterol levels;
heart;
nerves.

Medical examination program for 2018 by age

Diagnosis of diseases at an early stage involves undergoing some mandatory medical examinations. They are recommended for all categories of citizens. The medical examination includes doctors:

cardiologist;
ophthalmologist;
gynecologist;
urologist;
dentist.

Since a person’s health may deteriorate as they grow older, some categories of the population must undergo not only the generally accepted screening doctors, but also some separate examinations. The list of what is included in the medical examination of an adult includes procedures such as:

cardiogram – for women over 45 years of age and men over 36 years of age;
mammologist and oncologist – for women over 39 years old;
duplex scanning of brachycephalic arterial vessels - for ages from 45 years for men and from 55 years for women;
ophthalmologist - for everyone over 39 years of age;
ultrasound examination (ultrasound) of organs located in the abdominal cavity - for persons over 39 years of age;
not only a general, but also an additional biochemical blood test - for women and men over 39 years of age;
stool analysis for the study of occult blood - for those who crossed the border for 45 years;
preventive appointment with a neurologist - after 51 years;
measurement of the amount of prostate-specific antigen in the blood - for men over 51 years of age.

What kind of doctors do they go through?

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Clinical examination 2018 - what doctors and examination tests: health diagnostics

When we are healthy, the world around us plays with bright colors. I want to live, create, take care of my loved ones.

When we are sick, the colors fade. As a rule, we seek medical help when we feel very unwell. Poor health does not allow us to study, go to work, or be on a positive wave. The right solution in this case is prevention! OJSC VTB Medical Insurance has been providing reliable insurance coverage to millions of citizens throughout Russia for more than 20 years and supports prevention as one of the highest priorities in the field of public health. The most effective comprehensive methods of prevention in the Russian Federation are medical examinations and preventive medical examinations.

Medical examinations and preventive medical examinations are carried out as part of the implementation of measures aimed at the prevention of non-communicable diseases and the formation of a healthy lifestyle among citizens, including minors.

This section contains information about the scope and procedure for carrying out preventive measures.

Medical examination of the adult population

Clinical examination is a complex of measures, including a medical examination by doctors of several specialties and the application of the necessary examination methods, carried out in relation to certain groups of the population in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The procedure for medical examination of certain groups of the adult population - working, non-working, full-time students - was approved by Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation of February 3, 2015 N 36an

Who can pass?

Clinical examination is carried out once every three years in the following age periods: 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45, 48, 51, 54, 57, 60, 63, 66, 69, 72, 75, 78, 81, 84, 87, 90, 93, 96, 99 years and older.

Every year, regardless of age, the following are entitled to undergo medical examination:

1. Disabled people of the Great Patriotic War and disabled combat veterans;
2. Participants of the Great Patriotic War who became disabled due to a general illness, work injury or other reasons (except for persons whose disability resulted from their illegal actions);
3. Persons awarded the badge “Resident of besieged Leningrad” and recognized as disabled due to a general illness, work injury and other reasons (except for persons whose disability resulted from illegal actions).

How is medical examination carried out?

Clinical examination is carried out in 2 stages.

The first stage of clinical examination (screening) is carried out to identify signs of chronic non-communicable diseases and risk factors for their development in citizens.

The first stage includes:

1) a survey (questionnaire) aimed at identifying chronic non-communicable diseases, risk factors for their development, consumption of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances without a doctor’s prescription;

For your convenience, you can download and fill out the application forms yourself.

2) anthropometry (measurement of standing height, body weight, waist circumference), calculation of body mass index;
3) blood pressure measurement;
4) determination of the level of total cholesterol in the blood;
5) determination of blood glucose levels;
6) determination of the total cardiovascular risk in citizens under the age of 65;
7) resting electrocardiography (for men over 35 years of age, for women over 45 years of age and over, and for men under 35 years of age and women under 45 years of age - during the initial medical examination);
8) examination by a paramedic (midwife), including taking a smear from the cervix for cytological examination) (for women up to 69 years of age inclusive);
9) fluorography of the lungs;
10) mammography (for women aged 39 to 75 years);
11) clinical blood test;
12) a detailed clinical blood test (for citizens aged 39 years and older, once every 6 years instead of a clinical blood test);
13) biochemical general therapeutic blood test (to the extent of not less than determining the level of creatinine, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, glucose, cholesterol - for citizens aged 39 years and older with a frequency of 1 time in 6 years instead of the studies provided for in paragraphs 4 and 5);
14) general urine test;
15) examination of feces for occult blood (for citizens aged 48 to 75 years);
16) ultrasound examination (ultrasound) of the abdominal and pelvic organs (for citizens aged 39 years and older, once every 6 years), and for men who have ever smoked in their life, also ultrasound of the abdominal aorta at the age of 69 or 75 years old;
17) measurement of intraocular pressure (for citizens aged 39 years and older);
18) appointment (examination) with a general practitioner, including establishing a diagnosis, determining a health status group, a dispensary observation group, conducting a brief preventive consultation, including recommendations on a healthy diet, level of physical activity, quitting tobacco smoking and harmful alcohol consumption, determining medical indications for examinations and consultations as part of the second stage of medical examination.

The second stage includes:

1) duplex scanning of brachycephalic arteries (according to indications);
2) esophagogastroduodenoscopy (according to indications);
3) examination (consultation) by a neurologist (as indicated);
4) examination (consultation) by a surgeon or urologist (for men aged 42 to 69 years according to indications, as well as for men regardless of age in case of suspected prostate cancer based on ultrasound results);
5) examination (consultation) by a surgeon or coloproctologist (if a stool test for occult blood is positive), for citizens aged 45 years and older - if other medical indications are identified;
6) colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy (as prescribed by a surgeon or coloproctologist);
7) determination of the blood lipid spectrum (for citizens with a detected increase in the level of total cholesterol in the blood);
8) spirometry (for citizens with suspected chronic bronchopulmonary disease based on the results of a questionnaire, smokers and on the referral of a general practitioner);
9) examination (consultation) by an obstetrician-gynecologist (for women with identified pathological changes based on the results of a cytological examination of a smear from the cervix and (or) mammography, ultrasound of the uterus and ovaries);
10) determination of the concentration of glycated hemoglobin in the blood or a glucose tolerance test (for citizens with a detected increase in blood glucose levels);
11) examination (consultation) by an otorhinolaryngologist (for citizens aged 75 years and older if there are medical indications based on the results of a questionnaire or examination by a general practitioner);
12) blood test for the level of prostate-specific antigen (as prescribed by a surgeon or urologist for men with suspected prostate cancer based on the results of a survey, examination, digital examination or ultrasound of the prostate gland);
13) examination (consultation) by an ophthalmologist (for citizens aged 39 years and older who have increased intraocular pressure, and for citizens aged 75 years and older who have decreased visual acuity that cannot be corrected with glasses, identified by the results of a questionnaire);
14) individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school) in the department (office) of medical prevention (health center, paramedic health center or paramedic-obstetric station) (for citizens with identified risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, having these diseases or having high and very high absolute total cardiovascular risk);
15) appointment (examination) with a general practitioner, including establishment (clarification) of a diagnosis, determination (clarification) of a health status group, determination of a dispensary observation group (taking into account the opinions of medical specialists), as well as referral of citizens, if there are medical indications, for additional examination, not included in the scope of medical examination, to receive specialized, including high-tech, medical care, for sanatorium-resort treatment.

When a citizen is identified during medical examination as having medical indications for conducting research, examinations and activities that are not included in the scope of medical examination, they are prescribed and carried out to the citizen taking into account the provisions of the procedures for providing medical care according to the profile of the identified or suspected disease (condition) or standards of medical care approved in accordance with Part 2 of Article 37 of the Federal Law of November 21, 2011 No. 323-FZ “On the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation.”

How to prepare for medical examination?*

On your first visit, it is advisable to come to the medical organization in the morning, on an empty stomach, before performing any physical activity, including morning exercises.
Take 100-150 ml of urine with you in the morning.
If you need to conduct a stool test for occult blood, check with the clinic about what method the test is used for. If immunochemical, then no dietary restrictions are required. If the study is carried out using a different method, then in order for the test result to be correct, for 3 days before the test, avoid foods high in iron (meat, apples, white beans), laxatives and enemas, iron supplements, aspirin and ascorbic acid (in the absence of contraindications).
If you have undergone medical examinations in the current or previous year, take documents confirming this and show them to medical workers before starting the medical examination.
The scope of preparation for the second stage of medical examination will be explained to you by your local doctor.

Preventive medical examination of the adult population

The procedure for conducting a preventive medical examination was approved by Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 6, 2012 No. 1011n.

Who can pass?

Preventive medical examination is carried out for citizens aged 18 years and older.

For what purpose is it carried out?

A preventive medical examination allows you to:

identify risk factors and early signs of cardiovascular, oncological, bronchopulmonary diseases and diabetes;
receive timely assistance to correct risk factors and identified deviations in health status.

Where and how is it carried out?

Preventive medical examination is free of charge. It can be taken at a clinic where a citizen receives primary health care, once every two years.

On the day of visiting the clinic for a preventive examination, you must have a passport and a compulsory health insurance policy.

During the year of medical examination, a preventive medical examination is not carried out.

What examinations and consultations with doctors are included in a preventive examination?
Preventive medical examination includes:

1. Survey (questionnaire) in order to identify chronic non-infectious diseases, risk factors for their development, consumption of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances without a doctor’s prescription;
2. Anthropometry (measurement of standing height, body weight, waist circumference), calculation of body mass index;
3. Blood pressure measurement;
4. Clinical blood test;
5. Determination of the level of total cholesterol in the blood;
6. Determination of blood glucose levels;
7. Appointment with a general practitioner, including preventive consultation on the correction of identified risk factors and, if there are medical indications, referral of citizens to receive specialized, including high-tech, medical care, for sanatorium-resort treatment.

For women aged 39 years and older, additionally:

8. Mammography.
For citizens aged 45 years and older, additionally:
9. Examination of feces for occult blood.
For citizens under 65 years of age, additionally:
10. Determination of total cardiovascular risk.

Preventive medical examinations for children

Preventive medical examinations of children are carried out free of charge, within the framework of the program of state guarantees of free provision of medical care to citizens and territorial programs of state guarantees of free provision of medical care to citizens, including within the framework of the territorial program of compulsory health insurance.

Who can pass?

Minor citizens aged 0 to 17 years during certain age periods.

For what purpose are they carried out?

Preventive medical examinations of minors are carried out at certain age periods in order to timely identify pathological conditions, diseases and risk factors for their development, as well as for the purpose of forming health status groups and developing recommendations for minors.

Where and how can I get there?

A preventive examination is carried out in a medical organization where the child receives primary health care.

The doctor responsible for conducting a preventive examination (pediatrician, local pediatrician, general practitioner (family doctor), no later than 5 working days before the start of the examination, is obliged to give (send) a referral to the minor (his legal representative) for a preventive examination, indicating a list of examinations by medical specialists and studies, as well as the date, time and place of their conduct.

On the day of contacting a medical organization for a preventive examination, you must have a compulsory health insurance policy and a referral for a preventive examination issued by the doctor responsible for its conduct.

What does the preventive examination program include?

List of examinations by medical specialists, laboratory, instrumental and other studies as part of a preventive examination.

When conducting preventive examinations, the results of examinations by medical specialists and studies included in the history of the child’s development, which are not older than 3 months from the date of the examination and (or) study, are taken into account, and for children under 2 years of age, the results of examinations and studies are taken into account , the prescription of which does not exceed 1 month from the date of inspection and (or) study.

A preventive examination is carried out in one stage and is completed in the case of examinations by medical specialists and studies provided for in the examination program.

A preventive examination is carried out in two stages if a child is suspected of having a disease (condition), the diagnosis of which cannot be established during the examinations included in the examination program. In this case, the preventive examination is considered completed after additional consultations, research and (or) receipt of information about the child’s health status from other medical organizations.

When is a preventive examination carried out?

The total duration of the first stage of the preventive examination should be no more than 10 working days, the first and second stages - no more than 45 working days.

Reference information on other types of medical examinations of minors, including upon admission to educational institutions and during the period of study there.

In addition to preventive examinations, preliminary and periodic medical examinations are carried out for children.

Preliminary medical examinations are carried out upon admission of a child to educational institutions in order to determine the student's compliance with educational requirements.

Periodic medical examinations are carried out in order to dynamically monitor the health status of students, timely identify the initial forms of diseases, early signs of the impact of harmful and (or) dangerous factors of the educational process on their health and identify medical contraindications to continuing their studies.

Detailed information on the procedure for conducting and the scope of these types of examinations is contained in Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 21, 2012 No. 1346n.

The procedure for carrying out dispensary observation

1. Dispensary observation is a dynamic observation, including the necessary examination, of the health status of persons suffering from chronic diseases, functional disorders, and other conditions, for the purpose of timely detection, prevention of complications, exacerbation of diseases, other pathological conditions, their prevention and implementation of medical care. rehabilitation of these persons.

2. Dispensary observation of citizens suffering from chronic non-infectious diseases, which are the main cause of disability and premature mortality of the population of the Russian Federation, as well as those who have the main risk factors for such diseases, is part of a set of measures for conducting clinical examinations and preventive medical examinations of the population.

3. Dispensary observation is carried out by the following medical workers of the medical organization where the citizen receives primary health care:

Physician-therapist, general practitioner (family doctor)

Medical specialists (according to the profile of the citizen’s disease)

Doctor of the department of medical prevention or health center

Paramedic of a medical and obstetric station if the head of a medical organization assigns certain functions of an attending physician to him

4. The medical worker specified in paragraph 3:

Keeps records of citizens under medical supervision

Informs the citizen about the procedure, scope and frequency of dispensary observation

Organizes and carries out dispensary appointments (examinations, consultations), examinations, preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures

If it is impossible for a citizen subject to dispensary observation to visit a medical organization due to the severity of the condition or impaired motor functions, he will organize a dispensary appointment at home

5. List of diseases (conditions), in the presence of which a group of dispensary observation by a general practitioner is established, including the recommended duration and frequency of dispensary observation - Appendix to the Order dated December 21, 2012. N1344n “On approval of the procedure for conducting dispensary observation.” This is a table with diseases and frequency of doctor visits.

6. A dispensary appointment with a medical professional includes:

Assessment of the citizen’s condition, collection of complaints and anamnesis, physical examination

Purpose and evaluation of laboratory and instrumental studies

Establishing or clarifying the diagnosis of the disease

Conducting a brief preventive consultation

Prescribing preventive, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures for medical reasons, including sending a citizen to a medical organization providing specialized (high-tech) medical care, for sanatorium-resort treatment, to a medical prevention department or a health center for in-depth individual preventive counseling and (or ) group preventive counseling (patient school)

Explaining to a citizen at high risk of developing a life-threatening disease or its complications, as well as to persons living with him, the rules of action in the event of their development and the need to call an ambulance in a timely manner.

* Recommendations developed by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation were used