How to prepare for gastroscopy of the stomach. How to prepare for gastroscopy of the stomach? Last meal before gastroscopy

Knowing how to prepare for gastroscopy will help you get a reliable result as a result of the study. According to the results of such a procedure, treatment will be prescribed, and therefore, it makes sense to sit on a special diet.

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract every year more and more overwhelm the world. Often, children complain of pain, frequent belching, burning and discomfort in the stomach area. These symptoms may well indicate a variety of diseases, from a banal disorder to a stomach ulcer. To make sure that there is nothing to worry about or to start treatment in a timely manner, it is best to undergo a gastroscopy procedure.

Gastroscopy is prescribed by a doctor if serious disorders and damage to the gastrointestinal tract are suspected. It is she who will give the final answer about the accuracy of the diagnosis. But, at the same time, it is very important to know how to prepare for gastroscopy, otherwise the procedure will not give concrete results.

In fact, everything is quite simple. A gastroscope is inserted through the larynx and down the esophagus into the stomach. The gastroscope itself is a medium-thick cord with a mini video camera at the working end, attached to the main apparatus. The length of the working cord allows you to lower the camera to the middle or the very bottom of the stomach. It is intended for a detailed study of the condition of the walls of the stomach. If necessary, using a gastroscope, you can take a sample of the tissues of the walls of the stomach.

For the patient, swallowing the gastroscope is an absolutely safe and harmless procedure, but before starting, the throat is treated with lidocaine. This helps to reduce the discomfort when the apparatus is immersed and partially reduce the urge to vomit. After that, the doctor examines the condition of the walls of the stomach and, if serious violations or suspicions are found, takes a sample of stomach tissue. Then the gastroscope is carefully removed, the material is sent for analysis, and the patient is sent home.

Preparation for the gastroscopy procedure is undoubtedly necessary and quite thorough. In total, this process will take about three days. This is due to the need to cleanse the stomach for the most effective research.

2-3 days before the procedure, you must start to follow a special diet. This will clear the visibility of the walls of the stomach and get a reliable result of the study. To begin with, for this period it is imperative to give up alcohol, very fatty foods and smoking. It is worth eating several times a day in small portions. Cereal porridges on the water, not fatty fish, a little beef are perfect. And foods that can provoke gas formation must be excluded from the diet, since gases complicate the examination process and prevent an accurate diagnosis.

Those suffering from bloating are advised to take drugs with digestive enzymes (mezim, festal). Those who do not have such problems, in turn, should completely abandon the use of fresh vegetables and fruits, milk and dairy products, legumes, black bread, fatty meat, carbonated drinks and juices while preparing for gastroscopy. These products provoke gas formation and are digested for a long time.

The last meal before the procedure should occur approximately 10-12 hours before the start, and water - 4 hours before the procedure. This is a necessary measure to prevent the action of the gag reflex and obtain the most accurate result. It is worth remembering that gastroscopy is always done on an empty stomach, otherwise the introduction of a gastroscope can provoke the release of vomit, which in turn can complicate the process of inserting the device or its emergency removal. In addition, vomit can literally squeeze the gastroscope out of the patient, which often leads to serious damage to the walls of the stomach or larynx, which can make it difficult or completely impossible to re-insert the device.

The completely natural ability of the human body to reject foreign bodies can greatly complicate the process of diagnosing the gastrointestinal tract. But the main action of the gag reflex can be prevented. To do this, you need to follow a preparatory diet that will cleanse the stomach of all that is superfluous. An empty stomach practically does not respond to vomiting. Allow the doctor to use drugs designed to reduce the sensitivity of the throat.

Then you should relax and take a kind of big sip. So the gastroscope will be inside the patient without damaging the throat and walls of the stomach. The main thing is to remember that in general the procedure is absolutely safe and is intended to help people. Compliance with all recommendations will help not only to obtain the most accurate diagnosis and treatment method, but also ensure the safety of the procedure. Do not be afraid to consult a doctor, the earlier the disease is diagnosed, the sooner and more effectively measures will be taken to treat it.

Gastroscopy (fibrogastroduodenoscopy) - this is the name of a separate type of endoscopic examination, which involves examining the mucous membrane of the digestive tract (stomach, esophagus or duodenum) to determine any pathological disorders or study their functional state.

This procedure is carried out using a special device - a gastroscope, which is inserted directly into the cavity of the organ under study through the patient's mouth opening. The gastroscope has the form of a flexible tube, inside which is located a fiber-optic system. The examination is carried out not only for diagnostic purposes, because using this device, you can also take the tissue of the affected organ for histological examination. Next, we will try to find out how to properly prepare for a gastroscopy and what you need to take with you before you go for such a procedure.

What role does gastroscopy play in the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract?

This manipulation allows the doctor to make or clarify the diagnosis of patients suffering from various pathologies of the digestive system even before the appearance of characteristic clinical symptoms of the disease.

Gastroscopy can be compared with such a method of examining the stomach as probing, which is performed to collect the contents of this organ using a special syringe. But if the patient must swallow the probe himself, then with fibrogastroduodenoscopy, the device is inserted by a specialist to diagnose or treat the disease.

The procedure allows the doctor to perform the following activities that contribute to the recovery of the patient:

• take histological material for biopsy;
• remove a foreign body from the cavity of the stomach or duodenum;
• administer a drug;
• remove a benign neoplasm;
• stop bleeding by cauterizing the damaged vessel;
• control the course and dynamics of the disease.

Gastroscopy cannot be called a pleasant manipulation, rather tolerable. Since this study is performed without the direct participation of the patient, it is possible to perform it using anesthesia. This procedure is usually carried out within 10-11 minutes. In the case of using anesthesia to introduce the patient into a state of drug sleep, the examination can take up to 20-35 minutes.

Performing fibrogastroduodenoscopy of the stomach

Description of the process of the procedure:

How to prepare for a gastroscopy?

It is necessary to prepare for fibrogastroduodenoscopy from the first day after the decision to conduct it has already been finally made. Preparation for gastroscopy is carried out in two stages.

The execution of its first half lies with the specialist who will examine the patient - he is obliged to conduct a conversation with the patient and inform him about some important aspects of this endoscopic examination:

Important! Examination of a minor child is carried out only in the presence of his parents.

The second stage of preparation for gastroscopy is provided by the patient himself, who undertakes to follow the recommendations of his attending physician.

After the patient has passed all the necessary tests and returned home, he is advised to go on a strict diet that excludes the intake of any potentially dangerous or harmful foods: alcoholic beverages, smoked meats, marinades, canned foods, salty, fried or spicy foods. In the event that the symptoms of the disease indicate the presence of a pathology in any particular digestive organ (stomach, liver, pancreas), the patient can be advised to adhere to an appropriate medical diet (table No. 1, 2 or 5).

1.5-2 days before the study, the patient is forbidden to eat heavy and rough food rich in fiber - this is necessary in order not to overload the diseased stomach (or other digestive organ) before performing this procedure. In particular, the person under study is advised not to eat fresh herbs, vegetables, dark breads, chocolate, meat, nuts, and all types of cereals (except semolina). Preparation for gastroscopy also includes quitting smoking.

If the examination is scheduled for the first half of the day, then the last time the patient eats at 19.00. At the same time, this meal should be light - in this case, you can drink a glass of tea with a sandwich, yogurt, etc. In the evening and in the morning of the next day, you can take a drug that contains simethicone (Espumizan).

On the day of the gastroscopy, at 6-7 in the morning, the patient can drink a glass of mineral water (preferably without gas) and the drugs prescribed by the doctor. Before you go to the hospital for this procedure, you must take with you the results of laboratory tests of the gastrointestinal tract and blood tests. Also, the patient needs to bring an individual towel with him.

Techniques with which you can alleviate your well-being when performing fibrogastroduodenoscopy

In order for the preparation for gastroscopy of the stomach to be more effective, the subject should know how to behave during its implementation. In this case, the patient is advised to adhere to the following rules:

1. In order to prevent the patient from vomiting during the examination, it is possible to reduce the sensitivity of the oral cavity by rinsing the mouth with an anesthetic solution.
2. Before swallowing the gastroscope tube, you need to relax and not be nervous. During this manipulation, you should breathe deeply and evenly - so the tube of the device will quickly and easily penetrate into the organ under study.
3. When preparing for a gastroscopy, a positive attitude is very important. Therefore, directly during the procedure, the patient is recommended to think only about the good - for example, about the positive outcome of his disease and a speedy recovery.

Patient behavior after gastric examination

For a certain time after fibrogastroduodenoscopy, there may be a feeling of slight numbness of the tongue, the presence of perspiration or pain in the throat and larynx, the appearance of belching with air.

The patient is allowed to eat food only after 2 hours after the study, when any discomfort associated with its conduct disappears. If, when performing this manipulation, the doctor took histological material for a biopsy, then the person under study is prohibited from taking hot meals for 2 days.

Usually, the results of fibrogastroduodenoscopy are known already 10-15 minutes after this procedure. In the event that the tissues of the affected organ were taken for a biopsy, the result of this examination will be ready only after 2-3 days.

Now that you know how to properly prepare for gastroscopy, you can safely go to this study. The main thing in this situation is to remember that this method of endoscopy will not only help the doctor in making an accurate diagnosis and choosing the right treatment tactics, but will also be your first step towards recovery!

Gastroscopy, otherwise known as esophagogastroduodenoscopy, or simply EGDS, is one of the methods for examining internal organs using an endoscope. In order for the procedure to obtain the most accurate data, you need to know how to properly prepare for gastroscopy of the stomach.

The essence of this study can be understood from its title. The first part of the term from the ancient Greek language is translated as "stomach", and the second - "I observe" or "look". Thus, gastroscopy is an opportunity to visually examine the esophagus, stomach, and even some parts of the intestine.

Why is a gastroscopy necessary?

An examination with a gastroscope is used when it is necessary to obtain information about the condition of the mucous membranes, to detect various inflammations, including ulcers and neoplasms. Other procedures, such as ultrasound or tomography, are unable to give such a clear picture of what is happening.

Gastroscopy is a way to literally look inside the patient. It is prescribed in the following cases:

• With and astroesophageal disease, as well as with other pathologies of organs in the upper part of the digestive system.
• With some types of hernia.
• To examine changes in the mucous membrane that can lead to cancer.
• To monitor ulcers and cancer.
• With gastrointestinal bleeding.
• To detect the disease, if vague pains appeared at the top of the stomach, bloating, problems with swallowing and pathological weight loss began. In the same way, the source of infection is also found.
• In violation of the process of movement of food to the duodenum.

In addition, gastroscopy is mandatory after operations to ensure the normal functioning of the internal organs. Sometimes the need for a procedure arises in the treatment of diseases not related to the gastrointestinal tract.

How is the examination carried out?

In order to understand how to prepare for gastroscopy of the stomach, you need to know how such a procedure goes. As a result, it will become obvious that it can interfere with obtaining reliable data.

Note! As a rule, only local anesthesia is used for the examination, but sometimes medication sleep is also used. The second option is more common in Europe, as well as Israel and Japan, while the first one is used in Russian-speaking countries.

In this case, gastroscopy lasts approximately five to ten minutes. To begin with, the patient should hold a special mouthpiece in his mouth and lie on his left side. It helps not to close the mouth, making it possible to insert a gastroscope. At the very end of the instrument is a gel-coated chamber that will gradually penetrate into the esophagus.

For this, the patient will be asked to take a deep sip, and then, after passing through the gastroscope, doctors are told not to swallow saliva until after the procedure. Sometimes in the process, air or water is supplied through the hose, which are then pumped out.

Everything that the swallowed camera sees is recorded on video, which is used to make a diagnosis and monitor the condition. Since biopsy kits, forceps and other elements are attached to the instrument, it allows not only to obtain an image, but also to perform some manipulations.

Basics of preparation for the procedure

Since gastroscopy is a visual examination of the stomach and intestines, it is important that nothing interferes with obtaining a reliable image. In the event that the procedure is known in advance, for example, several days or even weeks in advance, then preparation can begin already at this stage.

• First of all, it is necessary to limit as much as possible (and even better, completely refuse) the amount of consumed bakery products, fatty, spicy foods, including fish and meat, as well as mayonnaise and pasta.
• Alcohol will be another forbidden product, as it greatly enhances the gag reflex. If harmful products are limited enough, then this drink will have to be abandoned until the very end of the procedure.

Direct preparation of the patient begins 10-18 hours before gastroscopy. It is at this time that the last meal should fall. It is best to make your dinner hearty, but consisting of light products.

• You can give preference to a green salad with a portion of dietary chicken meat or cutlets from it.
• As a dinner, buckwheat porridge or low-fat cottage cheese is also suitable.
• Some advise opting for mashed potatoes and steamed vegetables such as broccoli.
• What you should not eat is legumes, barley porridge, cheeses, whole grain bread, as well as all foods that were previously banned.

If the patient suffers from, then doctors can prescribe a carminative for him on the eve of the procedure.

Sometimes in the evening, on the eve of the procedure, the patient is prescribed a laxative (for example, castor oil).

Morning preparation for gastroscopy

In the morning, the patient will have to go hungry - during this period, any food is already prohibited, since it will not allow the organs to be fully examined. Preparation for gastroscopy of the stomach in the morning implies an almost complete rejection of fluid. It can be drunk only in the minimum volume, about 150 ml, and about 2-3 hours before the procedure, and this will have to be left aside.

Note! If the examination will take place in the afternoon, a light breakfast is acceptable for the patient. It should be separated from the procedure by about 8-9 hours.

Tablets and capsules are capable of interfering with a full review, so their intake is also postponed to a later time. The exception is patients suffering from high or who are forced to constantly continue taking medication.

The consequences of smoking also negatively affect the procedure: this leads to increased secretion of the stomach, which distorts the overall picture. Therefore, the patient will have to temporarily forget about his bad habit.

What do you need to bring with you to the procedure?

On the day of the gastroscopy, the patient should be ready to provide the doctor with certificates of tests for, and (but this is not required everywhere, you should check with the doctor the day before). Sometimes it is required to have on hand the results of other similar procedures, for example, an ultrasound scan.

As a rule, before a gastroscopy, a person is given a special collar that will protect clothes from saliva or vomit, but it is best to take care of napkins and other similar things yourself. A towel or sheet that can be put under your head will not hurt either.

In order to feel as comfortable as possible during the procedure, you should think about appropriate clothing. It should be free so that nothing, like cuffs or belts, pinches the organs.

What should be remembered for the correct conduct of gastroscopy?

In general, for more or less accurate results, it is enough:

• do not consume alcohol and spicy food three days before the procedure;
• do not eat 10 hours before it;
• do not take medicines, except in the situations described above.

Important! Since the patient is sprayed with a solution of lidocaine in the throat for less discomfort during the procedure, it is necessary to inform the doctor and nurse in advance about allergic reactions to anesthesia, if any.

In addition, there are a few other things to keep in mind. For example, if the patient is in a hospital, then he must wear protective underwear. People with dentures will have to remove them before the examination. You should also empty your bladder first.

Finally, morale can be attributed to the factors of preparation. Unless the procedure takes place in a state of medical sleep, then it causes a lot of discomfort, even if local anesthesia is present.

Important! The main thing during a not so pleasant procedure is not to panic, breathe deeply and calmly. This will minimize discomfort, ease the gag reflex, and help you get through the procedure, which only takes a couple of minutes.

You need to be prepared for what is to be transferred, and remember why it is necessary. Gastroscopy allows you to accurately examine the state of the digestive tract and even perform some medical manipulations. Although this is an unpleasant procedure, it is worth understanding its importance and not forgetting about it in order to easily withstand the examination.

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Hello. I am a generalist gastroenterologist with 8 years of experience in clinics in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Contact me, I will be happy to help.

Article content:

To date, in this difficult period of time, they have not yet come up with another way to examine the duodenum. So, you can explore it only with the help of a sort of procedure - gastroscopy. For people who do not know medical terms, the question will arise, what is esophagogastroduodenoscopy?

Gastroscopy is a visual examination of the walls of the stomach, duodenum, it is performed using a gastroscope (long hose) inserted through the oral cavity and esophagus. The equipment, though old, but proven. This article will tell you in detail about how to properly prepare for gastroscopy of the stomach.

Historical facts about the procedure

The founder of this method was Adolf Kussmaul, it was he who first used this method in practice. A little time later, a new scientist, R. Schindler, equipped the gastroscope with an optical system. Subsequently, such a device became more perfect, and began to have a special bend, as well as a circular view.

In what cases is it prescribed?

Gastroscopy of the stomach is prescribed only in such cases:

• pain in the epigastric region, immediately after eating, or after 5-10 minutes;
• in the presence of gagging or vomiting, for no apparent reason;
• when there is a feeling of constant heaviness in the stomach;
• with constant or frequent heartburn;
• when there are suspicions of polyps, cancer, or other pathologies.

Also, it is prescribed during an initial unsuccessful examination, that is, when an adult patient has complaints, and no violations were found during the examination.

What can a doctor detect by using such a procedure?

So, these can be:

• internal bleeding;
• the presence of tumors, or growths;
• infectious disease, or the presence of bacteria;
• polyps.

With the correct and competent conduct of this procedure, the doctor can reveal something that does not show ultrasound or x-rays. Also, during the procedure, the specialist has the opportunity to take a piece of tissue for research (biopsy).

Preparation for gastroscopy of the stomach in the morning is no different from the second half of the day. The main thing is that patients have a morning toilet, even if this is not possible, it is necessary to fill the bladder, and then empty it completely.

How is FGS of the stomach performed?

Gastroscopy is performed for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. Preparation for EGDS of the stomach in the morning carries all of the following rules.

Such a procedure may include:

• removal of foreign objects;
• pieces of tissue are removed for a more detailed study;
• removal of benign formations;
• administration of drugs.

For this type of procedure, each hospital should be equipped with a special room, there should be the possibility of a procedure with a biopsy. Here, the patient lies on the couch, a special cap is inserted into the oral cavity in order to avoid injuries. Before the procedure, the patient is given general anesthesia of his own accord.

Then, through the oral cavity or nasal passage, the doctor inserts a gastroscope, at the end of which a video camera is placed. With its help, the entire digestive system is examined. The procedure, which takes place without the introduction of anesthesia, lasts from five to fifteen minutes, with the introduction of anesthesia - much longer, since the person falls asleep in the process. Preparation for gastroscopy of the stomach is actually an important issue.

How should one prepare for gastroscopy of the stomach? The most important step in preparing for gastroscopy is the moral attitude to the procedure. Every patient should be ready for examination! Due to the fact that the rumors about the procedure are not the most pleasant, many people talk about the pain and even the impossibility of transferring such a procedure, people begin to be afraid of it. Doctors say that there are unpleasant sensations, but pain is out of the question.

At this stage of time, medicine has made a huge step forward in the development of techniques, as well as medical equipment, and therefore this method is more than tolerable. In special cases, the patient may be prescribed sedatives for use.

How to prepare for a gastroscopy of the stomach for an adult? The patient can prepare for FGS at home or while in the hospital. Stages of preparation in the hospital:

• Doctor's appointment - such a consultation includes clarifying by the doctor the presence of allergic reactions, the presence or absence of operations, etc. and also, the doctor tells in detail what gastroscopy of the stomach is and how to prepare.
• After the consultation is carried out, the patient is provided with documents where his signature must be, confirming consent to such an intervention.
• Then there is already preparation for the conduction, both the doctor and the patient are preparing, food intake is limited, and the patient's fluid intake.

If a person is at home, there are some rules: preparation for the procedure is divided into two stages.

For two or three days:

• elimination of spicy foods and foods containing a large amount of fat from your diet;
• start taking herbal decoctions, or herbal teas;
• remove active sports for a period of two to three days.

On the day of the manipulation it is necessary:

• eliminate smoking of tobacco products before gastroscopy;
• empty the bladder right before the procedure;
• remove jewelry, dentures.

What can you eat before the procedure? Cottage cheese, sour cream, low-fat cheese or curd mass, sour cream, boiled vegetables, low-fat fish, fruits, eggs.

What should not be eaten on the eve of a gastroendoscopy? Mayonnaise products, hot peppers, seeds, dough products (pasta, dumplings, dumplings, pies).

What do you need to know?

How to prepare for a gastroscopy of the stomach with a biopsy? The procedure for preparing for this type of procedure is no different from the previous version. The only thing that should be mentioned is to tell what a biopsy is. A biopsy is a technique whose purpose is a thorough and detailed study of a piece of tissue taken during gastroscopy.

There is a targeted and a blind type of biopsy. The first is made by a reusable device called a fibrokastroscope. The second is performed using a probe, such a manipulation should be performed by a qualified specialist, since there is a high risk of damage to the mucosa.

Preparation for gastroscopy of the stomach with a biopsy does not require special preparation.

Conditions that will help alleviate the patient's condition during gastroscopy:

• in order to prevent vomiting or vomiting during the procedure, it is necessary to rinse the mouth with an anesthetic solution. It is issued by a doctor in the gastroscopy room;
• when inserting the tube, it is necessary to relax as much as possible and take a deep breath, then the tube passes without difficulty;
  no less important is the moral and psychological state of the patient, you should not set yourself up for pain, and trouble, you should think about something good. Doctors advise especially impressionable people to close their eyes and not look at the process;
• when visiting a doctor in the first or second half of the day, you should strictly follow the doctor's instructions during the procedure, and then the procedure will pass as quickly as possible and not hurt.

What do you need to have with you?

• a medical card containing the entire medical history;
• the passport;
• towel;
• sheet;
• alcohol-free wet wipes;
• shoe covers;

Also, it is worth noting that clothing is of great importance. The outfit should not hinder your movements, but be light and free on the body. The complexity of the procedure may also arise due to the fact that the patient will feel discomfort due to clothing and will not be able to relax. Getting ready for the procedure!

Can the procedure become dangerous for the patient?

If EGDS of the stomach is performed by a qualified doctor with many years of experience, then the procedure will be completely safe. However, the behavior of the patient is also very important, during the study, you should not twitch and be nervous.

Also, the doctor needs to find out from the patient if there are any allergic reactions or complications. If everything is in perfect order, then you should not worry about anything. But in the case when a person experiences pain in the abdomen, an uninterrupted cough, vomiting, it is necessary to be examined by a doctor. This article details how to prepare for a gastroendoscopy of the stomach.

Digestive system diseases are an extensive group of pathologies in which the functioning of one or more segments of the gastrointestinal tract is disrupted, with predominant inflammation of the mucous membranes and mucous membranes of the digestive organs. The most dangerous prognosis is observed in diseases accompanied by ulceration of the mucous membranes. The rate of regeneration of ulcers and erosions depends not only on the age of the patient, but also on his hormonal levels, the state of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems, and other factors that can affect the production of epithelial cells.

To diagnose disorders in the digestive tract, laboratory, hardware and instrumental methods are used. The most informative way to diagnose diseases of the stomach, esophagus, as well as the initial sections of the intestine is gastroscopy. This is a type of endoscopic examination, in which the surface of these organs is examined using a gastroscope - a thin long tube with an optical device at the end. The accuracy of the data obtained, as well as the safety of the procedure, depends on proper preparation, so patients who are shown this type of examination need to know how to prepare for gastroscopy of the stomach.

Gastroscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy) is a study of the initial sections of the digestive tract, prescribed only for strict medical reasons. In some cases, respiratory complications may occur during the examination. In elderly patients, there is a slight (no more than 1.9%) risk of developing acute heart failure, therefore, it is necessary to prescribe gastroscopy only if there are symptoms that are likely to be clinical manifestations of inflammatory processes in the stomach or esophagus. Absolute indications for gastroscopic examination in patients of any age are:

• inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach against the background of normal, reduced or increased secretion of gastric juice and hydrochloric acid (gastritis);
• inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis);
• inflammation of the inner lining of the initial section of the small intestine, located immediately after the pylorus (duodenitis);
• suspicion of internal gastric bleeding;
• signs of malignant processes of the esophagus, stomach or duodenum;
• suspicion of polyposis.

Note! In some cases, gastroscopy is prescribed to the patient as an auxiliary examination for other diseases and pathologies, for example, neurological disorders or allergies. If the patient properly prepares for the procedure, the risk of possible complications and negative consequences will be minimal.

How is the procedure carried out?

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is a short but very unpleasant procedure. In the absence of complications and the need for additional manipulations (for example, stopping internal bleeding), the duration of the examination rarely exceeds 2-4 minutes. Local anesthesia may be applied prior to the procedure. It is necessary to immobilize the root of the tongue and its receptors, irritation of which leads to the appearance of a gag reflex.

The drug of choice for local anesthesia is usually Lidocaine (in the form of a spray or aerosol). "Lidocaine" is not only a local anesthetic, but also a cardiac depressant, so it may be contraindicated in certain diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Often, against the background of the use of "Lidocaine", the patient develops severe allergic reactions: in this case, "Novocaine" or "Ultracaine" can be used for pain relief.

Further, the procedure is carried out in four stages:

• the patient is laid on the couch on his side, and a special mouthpiece is placed in his mouth, which must be firmly clamped with his teeth;
• a gastroscope is inserted through the mouthpiece into the oral cavity (to reduce pain and vomiting, the throat must be relaxed);
• the doctor examines the organs of the initial segment of the digestive tract and performs the necessary manipulations (administration of drugs, sampling of biological material for biopsy, removal of polyps);
• slowly the endoscopic device is removed from the stomach and esophageal tube.

If necessary, during the examination, the doctor may perform an intragastric acidity measurement, which is called endoscopic pH-metry. Such a study is necessary when signs of gastritis are detected to determine the type of acidity and the choice of therapeutic tactics. If necessary, during a gastroscopy, the doctor can take a photo image, as well as conduct a video filming - this is necessary for the specialized specialists to have a complete clinical picture of the state of the initial sections of the gastrointestinal tract.

Important! Some patients have a strong fear of FEGDS and other types of gastroscopy due to bad experience with the procedure in the past. Before the examination, such patients must be prescribed drugs with a sedative effect (“Valerian extract”, “Motherwort extract”). In severe cases, general anesthesia may be used.

How to properly prepare for the procedure?

The most important step in preparing for gastroscopy is diet. It must be observed within three days before the procedure. From the diet, it is necessary to completely exclude any products that can adversely affect the results of the diagnosis and make it difficult to video review. All foods that patients should avoid are listed in the table below.

Foods that should not be eaten 72 hours before FEGDS

From drinks, preference should be given to herbal teas and infusions, green tea, dried fruit compotes without added sugar. Three days before gastroscopy, drinks with a tonic and stimulating effect should be abandoned: strong black tea, coffee. Increased caffeine content can negatively affect the patient's morale before the examination, so it is better to choose neutral drinks without stimulants.

Note! Despite the fact that milk with honey is one of the best soothing drinks, it is better not to use it before FEGDS. Milk can provoke the accumulation of gases in the intestines, and the sugar contained in honey can cause increased discomfort and pain during the procedure.

Sample menu for preparing for FEGDS

The menu below must be followed for 2-3 days before surgery. The composition of the dishes may vary depending on the individual taste preferences of the patient, but the general principle of nutrition during this period should remain unchanged.

Important! Serving sizes before the examination should be small. For an adult, the norm for one meal is 200-240 g (or 300 ml for first courses). The volume of the drink should not exceed 180 ml. It is better to reduce the amount of kefir drunk before going to bed to 100 ml - this is about half a glass.

Preparation for FEGDM and other types of gastroscopy includes not only a diet, but also a set of additional measures aimed at preventing complications during the procedure and increasing the reliability of the results obtained.

Refusal to eat 8 hours before the procedure

This is the most important rule that should never be broken. If a patient comes to FEGDS with a full stomach, the probability of throwing vomit into the respiratory tract will be very high. The optimal fasting period is considered to be 8-10 hours, but if the patient is prescribed gastroscopy using general anesthesia, this period increases to 10-12 hours.

You can drink 3-4 hours before the examination, but it is better to refrain from taking liquids at all. As drinks it is allowed to use drinking water (not mineral) and weakly brewed green tea. The volume of the drunk liquid should not exceed 120-150 ml.

To give up smoking

People suffering from tobacco dependence will have to stop smoking 3 hours before the study. If the patient is able to endure longer periods without a cigarette, it is better to increase this time to 8-10 hours.

Preparing in the office

If there are removable dentures in the oral cavity, they must also be removed. Before the examination, the person must sign an informed consent for medical manipulations, as well as inform the doctor about a possible pregnancy (for women) and any cases of allergy to medications (this information may be needed if the patient has to provide emergency care).

During gastroscopy, you can not talk, swallow saliva. For wiping, the patient should have a personal towel prepared.

Gastroscopy is an unpleasant, but very important and necessary diagnostic procedure. If the patient is properly prepared for the examination, the likelihood of possible complications will be minimized, and discomfort during the diagnosis will be negligible.

Video - How to properly undergo a gastroscopy

Video - Gastroscopy