Plunging every night into the "kingdom of Morpheus", we see dreams. Someone, waking up in the morning, does not remember the dream, while someone perceives the plot very emotionally and gives it a certain meaning.

Why do we dream? Until now, the mechanisms and causes of such a human condition remain at the level of scientific hypotheses.

From a medical point of view, sleep is a natural physiological process, and night visions are the result of the active work of the brain.

• ancient peoples it was believed that during the night's rest, the soul of the sleeping person leaves the body and travels around the world.
• Esoterics they attribute mystical properties to dreams - a warning of danger or a prediction of the future.
• Psychologists believe that in this way the subconscious “speaks” to us.

How are dreams different from dreams?

Sleep is a physiological state common to both humans and animals. This is a state of relaxation and reduced reaction of the body to external influences.

A dream is a set of visual images that a sleeping person dreams about and causes accompanying experiences.

The stage of sleep during which dreaming occurs is called REM sleep. At the same time, a person does not feel the border between the imaginary world and reality.

Often both words are used as synonyms, but sleep should be considered as a natural physiological process. “To tell your dream” means to tell about a dream (images, actions, experiences that arose during sleep).

“A dream, first of all, reveals an indispensable connection between all parts of hidden thoughts by connecting all this material into one situation ...”

Sigmund Freud

What do dreams mean

During the period of night relaxation, our brain produces all kinds of pictures. In most cases, they are the result of emotions experienced the day before.

• Did you watch a scary movie last night? It is likely that terrible pictures will haunt you at night.
• After a quarrel with a loved one, you may dream of a battle with a monster.

Such dreams mean practically nothing, so you should not attach much importance to them.

It is more important to pay attention to the actions performed in a dream and the feelings experienced. If they are not connected with recent life events, then they can carry a certain semantic load.

The opinion of psychologists about dreams

Fundamental theories about dreams began to appear only at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Scientific researchers have tried to explain the phenomenon of dreams in different ways.

The father of the current of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud, believed that dreams are manifestations of the subconscious and unconscious in our psyche.

Plunging into sleep, a person does not stop thinking, i.e., his brain continues to work, but only in a different mode. Information that is in the subconscious and unconscious areas flows into consciousness. It is this amount of information that is the basis for the emergence of dreams.

“It is clear that the dream is the life of consciousness during sleep.”

Sigmund Freud

In most cases, according to Freudians, dreams are a way of realizing our repressed desires and hidden longings. This is a specific mechanism that allows you to "unload" the psyche through the fulfillment of unrealizable desires in a dream.

Oneirology is a science that studies sleep and various aspects of dreams.

However, there is a directly opposite opinion of researchers explaining the mechanism of the occurrence of dreams.

Psychiatrist Alan Hobson claims that sleep carries absolutely no semantic load. According to his theory, called the Effective-Synthetic Model, the brain interprets random electrical impulses during sleep, which leads to vivid and memorable visions.

Opinions of other scientists and psychologists studying the phenomenon:

• Sleep as "sending short-term memories for long-term storage" (Zhang Jie, author of the "permanent activation theory").
• Dreams as "a way to get rid of unnecessary trash" ("reverse learning theory", Francis Crick and Greim Mitchison).
• The biological function of sleep as a training and "rehearsal" of the natural reactions of the body (Antti Revonusuo, author of the "theory of the protective instinct").
• Sleep as a solution to accumulated problems (Mark Blechner, author of the "theory of natural selection of thoughts").
• Dreaming as "a way to smooth out negative experiences through symbolic associations" (Richard Coates), etc.

Ernest Hartman, one of the founders of the Modern Theory of Dreams, considers dreaming to be an evolutionary mechanism by which the brain "softens" the effects of psychological trauma. This happens through associative images and symbols that arise during sleep.

Color and black and white dreams

The vast majority of people see color dreams, and only 12% of the inhabitants of our planet are able to perceive images in dreams in black and white.

• Bright, colorful, colored dreams are most often seen by creative people.

As a result of research, it was found that the level of human intelligence affects the color saturation of dreams. In addition, color dreams are characteristic of impressionable persons who emotionally perceive the world and react excitedly to various events in their lives.

• Black and white dreams of people with a more rational mindset.

Dreams without coloring help to better know your "I" and comprehend what is happening. Therefore, they are characteristic of pragmatists who, even in a dream, try to “digest” information and carefully think about something.

According to parapsychologists, colored dreams portend future events, while black and white dreams are a reflection of the past. Some scientists see a relationship between a person's mood and a dream.

Sadness, fatigue and melancholy “discolor” the dream, and a good mood is the key to a bright and colorful dream.

There is also an opinion that black and white dreams do not exist. People focus only on the content of the dream, and not on the colors, so they claim to see black and white dreams.

bad dreams

Bad sleep is a dream with negative images and experiences, because of which a person experiences anxiety and discomfort. Such dreams are remembered in detail and do not go out of my head.

According to scientists, bad dreams reflect the influx of negative information that the brain does not have time to cope with during wakefulness. Therefore, he continues to "digest" this information at night.

Bad dreams about natural disasters, catastrophes, wars, etc. are a signal of the nervous system about a person’s powerlessness, the inability to cope with some task.

Doctors have revealed a direct connection between dreams and health problems.

• For example, car chases are often dreamed of by people with heart disease.
• Failures in the work of the respiratory organs are reflected in the form of dreams, where a person is “strangled”, or he is drowning in water.
• Wandering in a dream in labyrinths and forest thickets can signal the presence of depression or overwork.

nightmares

In a nightmare, a person feels the approach of death. This is its main difference from a "bad" dream.

“Nightmares exist outside the boundaries of logic, they have little fun, they cannot be explained; they contradict the poetry of fear.” (Stephen King)

If a person is in a difficult situation, worries about some unresolved problem for a long time, then negative energy finds a way out through gloomy dreams. Stressful events appear in a dream so that a person can finally “process” them.

Frequent nightmares:

• clashes with monsters, monsters, evil spirits, etc.;
• bites of poisonous spiders or snakes;
• pursuit and pursuit;
• natural disasters and car accidents;
• military actions (attacks, skirmishes, capture);
• receiving injuries and injuries;
• death of a loved one.

Lucid dreaming

Almost all of us have experienced lucid dreaming with the clear understanding that everything that happens around us is a dream and an illusion. This condition is observed at the stage of "REM sleep", when muscle tone is very low.

Experts have found that lucid dreaming is accompanied by synchronization of activity in different areas of the brain and the emergence of high-frequency rhythms (about 40 Hz) in the temporal and frontal areas. Such gamma rhythms are associated with the state of active wakefulness. This explains the “turned on” consciousness of a person during sleep.

The term "lucid dreaming" was first used by the Dutch psychiatrist Frederick van Eeden in the late 19th century.

The ability to be aware of oneself in a dream and independently model a dream is most often innate. However, gamers and people with a high level of self-control are also susceptible to such experiences.

Today, there are special techniques that help to control dreams. Such abilities can be fully developed only by individuals with the highest level of intelligence in the cognitive sphere (most often yoga).

Prophetic dreams

On the basis of dreams, people try to predict the future. Esotericists suggest convincing facts of the existence of prophetic dreams. According to many researchers, such dreams are nothing more than the voice of intuition or the “smoothing” of negative emotions through symbolic associations.

Memory improves when we become more deeply interested in the inner world. Accordingly, we remember dreams better.

Psychologists have found that women, due to their emotionality and impressionability, are more attentive to dreams than men.

Reasons for the lack of dreams, and how to return them

It will seem strange, but some people do not dream at all. Why is this happening? British scientists concluded that only smart people with a high IQ have this advantage.

If a person does not strive to know the world and himself, then he rarely sees dreams, since his brain is “sleeping”.

Other reasons for lack of sleep include brain overload during the day. Consciousness does not generate dreams so that the mind can recover from the abundance of impressions. That is why we do not dream after long travels or outdoor activities.

Nervous and mental disorders, alcohol intoxication, moral or physical fatigue are the factors that “destroy” sleep.

How to restore the ability to see and remember dreams?

• Relax before going to bed.
• Meditate at night.
• Do not abuse alcohol.
• Alternate mental and physical labor.
• Stick to the daily routine.

Conclusion

Conclusion

The phenomenon of dreams has not yet been fully explored. Only one thing is clear: our thoughts and perception of the world, emotions and impressions are reflected in the quality of sleep and control our subconscious. This is how vivid and emotional dreams are born with various plots that make our life more mysterious and interesting.

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Each of us sooner or later thinks about why we have dreams? This question worries mankind for many centuries.

The question of where dreams come from did not arise now. They were asked even by our ancient ancestors, including the most illustrious minds. According to Aristotle, during sleep the human body is immersed in a state of rest and finds harmony with the outside world. The soul has the gift of foresight.

Scientists of the 20th century believed that dreams every night are associated with the physiological processes that occur in the body during rest. Some have theorized that the various chemicals that build up in the brain during the day are dispersed. A plausible version suggests that a person can dream so that his brain can get rid of unnecessary information and “reboot”.

The question of why we dream does not have a 100% accurate answer. However, scientists have long proven that during REM sleep, blood pressure on the brain rises sharply. The main organ begins to work actively, and a person awakened in this state can accurately retell the entire plot. In other words, every dream well remembered by a person occurred to him in the fast phase. If people do not remember their dreams, then they simply do not remember them. This may be the answer to the question of why dreams are rare, it's all about forgetting them.

In the question of where dreams come from, the observations of the famous scientist Pavlov are very important. It was he who first proved that the cerebral cortex is responsible for how dreams appear. Its nerve cells control signals that are transmitted to all organs and have a high reactivity. If a person is overworked, then the cells turn on protection - they begin to slow down, as a result of which all the information accumulated in them during the day is processed and deleted. It would seem that in this way it can be explained that due to the process of inhibition of the brain sections, we have dreams every day.

But there are many dreams to which the higher nervous activity cannot be related, for example, prophetic, erotic or not connected with reality in any way. According to the psychologist Sigmund Freud, a person has strange dreams because of his subconscious. The cerebral cortex receives information that was previously unknown to it.

Scientists have long come to the conclusion that rarely or often, but everyone has dreams. Some are simply not stored in memory. And if you suddenly start having "night visions", don't worry. They were before, and always, but not memorable.

Who dreams of bright stories?

Why do people dream? This question can be answered based on who sees them more often than others:

• Night stories are constantly dreamed of by people with vivid perception and a mobile psyche, i.e. dreamers. During complete relaxation and rest, they simply think out the events and stories known to them.
• One of the reasons why a person sees dreams is constant mental work. If you think intensively all day, then at night your brain will continue to work actively. He will come up with something that was not obvious to consciousness when you are awake.
• Creative people often say: "we dream." This happens because even during rest, they subconsciously strive to create something.
• Impressive people, melancholic people, people who keep their own or other people's secrets - they will all sleep and see different stories.

Scientific explanations

Every day, the brain remembers and reacts in a certain way to a huge number of events. You go to sleep, but only your body is at rest. And the brain continues to repeat and consolidate the information, making it a kind of scenario.

The scenario can be a repetition of the events of the past month, recent or current situations. Anxiety, thoughts and dreams form additional information that can lead to absolutely unrealistic plots, ridiculous visions and nightmares. What is sleep according to science? Nothing but a generalized picture of inner experiences and reality.

Opinions of psychologists

Psychologists say that any dream reflects the psychological state of a person. Beautiful and positive visions will visit those who are happy and carefree. Nightmares come to those who suffer from phobias and fears. Since the share of the brain accounts for so many negative emotions that it simply cannot cope with them in any other way. Psychologists are sure that black and white dreams appear just because of all kinds of and frequent experiences in reality.

Why do people suffer from nightmares?

Nightmares are formed and reflected by the brain for several main reasons. Usually they are an emotional response to some grandiose situation. The brain processes and experiences them over and over again. Survived a turning point? Then be prepared for the fact that terrible visions will come to you in a dream.

Nightmares are vital because they allow the brain to deal with real horror and process information about it. Otherwise, mental problems are possible. If you have nightmares regularly or constantly, you simply cannot deal with all the negativity in your life. It stays in your head and torments you even during your rest. It is best to seek help from a sleep specialist or psychologist.

List of used literature:

• Kovrov G.V. (ed.) Brief guide to clinical somnology M: “MEDpress-inform”, 2018.
• Poluektov M.G. (ed.) Somnology and sleep medicine. National leadership in memory of A.N. Wayne and Ya.I. Levina M.: "Medforum", 2016.
• A.M. Petrov, A.R. Giniatullin Neurobiology of sleep: a modern view (textbook) Kazan, GKMU, 2012

Kalinov Yury Dmitrievich

Reading time: 3 minutes

Healthy sleep is a source of energy and mood for the whole day. Many people are interested in why dreams occur and what they portend. Trying to unravel the tangled stories, a person turns to fortune-tellers, reads dream books, consults with friends. Are dreams subject to understanding? We tell.

Cause of dreams

Everyone has dreams. A huge amount of information seen or heard is fixed by the brain, remembered and deposited in the subconscious. All the material seems to be conserved for a while: we use something right away, some concepts come later, a lot is forgotten. But during the dream period, unnoticed elements that seem superfluous to us are reflected in the details of the storyline.

Lifestyle, outlook, feeling - everything makes sense. Sometimes from night to night I have the same dream. It is human nature to accumulate data and, passing through oneself, use it gradually. But sometimes the subconscious reminds of the hidden potential, colorfully showing amazing events, encrypting their subtext. That is why we have dreams, forcing us to think and rethink life.

About color dreams

Who dreams in color? Perhaps they are a sign of genius or, conversely, a mental disorder. Experts assure that the presence of a bright range speaks only of the richness of life and rich emotional load. Creative personalities, who are very impressionable and receptive to any event, continue to feel and experience in colorful dreams.

If you belong to the category of ordinary people, then the color scheme of dreams reflects your psychological state. It is not always sickness or fatigue. Sometimes in this way the subconscious notifies the presence of unusual opportunities that are worth paying attention to. For example, there is an assumption about further events or unraveling the past.

Everyone dreams, in color or black and white. It should be noted that there are no restrictions on age and social status. People have colorful dreams, regardless of their specialty or age category. The more a person fantasizes, thinks, dreams, the more colorful the night dream.

Researchers suggest that the coloring of night scenes occurs in the process of remembering. Describing the objects seen, the narrator associates them with the present time and with objects from real life. However, no one can prove or disprove such an assumption.

The psychological connotation of the dream

Psychologists confirm the display of the state of the human psyche through sleep. Please note that if happiness, love, calmness and confidence in the future are present in your life scenario, then every night you have dreams of a light nature, without disturbing fuss and negativity. Simplicity extends throughout the day.

Dreams are different for dreams - and it is a mistake to believe that all night dreams are just a chaotic set of pictures, images and strange plots.

What if you dream of the same person, constantly, over and over again, from night to night? Or is it a dream of a person who secretly likes you, or maybe in a terrible dream someone without a head or without legs, a terrible ghost or a dead person? There are, in fact, not so many options for dreams with people:

• You just dreamed of a certain person.
• The dreaming person is telling you something.
• Constantly see in dreams the same person.
• Often a familiar person appears in a dream.
• You are dreaming of the person you have liked for a long time, whom you often think about.
• Beloved is dreaming.
• A dead person appears in a dream.
• Some scary person in a dream.
• In a dream, I saw someone without a head, a dead headless ghost.
• A cripple without legs or arms.
• Seeing a drunk in a dream
• To see a famous person, a celebrity.

In addition, we will consider not only the meanings of dreams, but also the days of the week, which should also be taken into account to decipher such dreams.

To dream with a person on Monday, from Monday to Tuesday, from Friday to Saturday, from Tuesday to Wednesday, or from Saturday to Sunday, from Thursday to Friday, from Wednesday to Thursday, and also from Sunday to Monday - there is a difference. This should be taken into account when interpreting sleep.

Who is dreaming?

As the dream book indicates, a person in a dream is often a symbol of the dreamer himself, his projection. If this person has nothing to do with your thoughts or experiences, it is likely that this is just an indication of your lifestyle, habits, character and behavior.

Thus, in addition to interpreting sleep according to the interpreter, this must also be taken into account. Often in this way we get the opportunity to look from the outside, in an allegorical form, at ourselves.

1. To see in dreams just a person who is not familiar and does not cause special emotions - it means that you should carefully remember him - what he was like. This is exactly the case mentioned above. This person is a reflection of your lifestyle, mistakes or omissions.

2. If the person you saw in your dreams told you something, then the universe is literally and straightforwardly sending you a message. What he said is of great importance, it is worth remembering at least some of these words and analyzing them.

Perhaps the text that you heard in your dreams is not to your liking or is incomprehensible. Perhaps this is a well-known text from literature, or maybe a collection of nonsense - but analyze and think about it.

3. A frequent question of dreamers - why is the same person dreaming, what does this mean? This strangeness happens not only with you, do not be alarmed. Most often, such a phenomenon only means that you have been walking in circles for a long time and persistently, you are fixated on the same constant worries and deeds.

A person in this case is a reflection of yourself, and when he appears again and again in dreams, often and invariably, and on Monday, Sunday, and from Thursday to Friday, then it's time to seriously think about what you can change, how to get out of the circle.

4. It is curious what a familiar person is dreaming of - especially one who comes into dreams often and for a long time, on any days of the week - from Sunday to Monday, or from Tuesday to Wednesday, or from Friday to Saturday, and so on down the list.

This indicates your inner astral connection with this acquaintance - it is very strong, and such a dream hints at this.

5. According to the dream book, a young man who the dreamer likes visits her dreams for good reason. If a young lady tirelessly thinks and dreams about him, he does not get out of his head, you should not look for interpretation - such a dream is just a continuation of thoughts, and no more.

But sometimes a dream in which a beloved face flashes can promise a pleasant meeting with someone who secretly likes. It also depends on the day - pay attention, there was a dream on Thursday, Monday, Tuesday or Saturday, this can change everything. Perhaps this person is thinking about you?

6. And if you dream of a loved one who is not just secretly liked, but whom you love, or with whom you are together, this more often only indicates thoughts about him, and does not promise anything concrete.

Seeing such a dream is not uncommon, so the question of why a loved one is dreaming has a simple answer - he simply firmly settled in your thoughts and will not leave your head.

7. A dead person can seriously scare in dreams. Dead or ghost - oddly enough - a wonderful sign, and it promises happiness.

8. Very scary, dead or mutilated, covered in blood or scarred from head to toe, the monster only indicates your fears and anxieties. What scares you in reality, what you cannot get out of your own head, what are you afraid of?

9. Dead without a head - as the dreamer thinks after such a terrible dream - a bad sign. However, it only indicates your confusion and lack of constructive ideas. Literally - the need to "connect the head."

10. And a dreaming person without legs or arms is such a special dream. If you dreamed of someone without legs, it is obvious that in reality someone is in dire need of your support. Also, a person without legs may indicate your ability, but unwillingness to help people. Think.

11. Sometimes you think why a drunk person is dreaming - a bright, but incomprehensible sign. Such a dream is a warning, you can commit unreasonable and rash acts. You probably like freedom and are brave, but be prudent.

12. A famous person is an ambiguous symbol. A well-known and famous person may indicate your desire for fame and a luxurious life, or it may hint that you lack new adventures and acquaintances.

If you dream of a famous man that you often think about, for example, an idol, then this, obviously, is just a continuation of vivid fantasies about him.

When I dreamed: the meaning of the days of the week

Having received the interpretation of your dreams, it is also worth considering the days of the week. After all, dreams from Monday to Tuesday can have one color, and from Tuesday to Wednesday - another.

1. Monday is considered a hard day. Monday's planet is the Moon, and dreams from Sunday to Monday are associated with the dreamer's emotional sphere. If a person has dreamed of you from Sunday to Monday morning, keep this in mind. Probably your feelings play a role here.

2. From Monday to Tuesday, dreams are strong. Tuesday is the day of Mars, big things happen on Tuesday. And visions from Monday to Tuesday are associated with the aspirations and desires of the dreamer.

Perhaps you dreamed of a person on Tuesday morning whom you want to see, or other aspirations are associated with him.

3. From Tuesday to Wednesday, less significant dreams are more often dreamed and rarely even remembered. But if you dreamed of a person on the night of Tuesday, you just need to take into account the interpretation of the dream book in its purest form, without changes.

4. Thursday is a special day, ruled by Jupiter. On Thursday there are always such dreams that are destined to come true! On Thursday they portend vigorous activity, achievement of goals, results.

If a person came into dreams from Wednesday to Thursday, then the interpretation should be taken seriously, and the advice of the interpreter should also be taken responsibly. The meaning of Thursday's dreams can be strengthened, and you know that the interpreter's prediction will come true in the near future.

5. It is believed that dreams from Thursday to Friday are prophetic. It is on Thursday, going to bed, that many young ladies expect to see their future in dreams. This is not unreasonable - dreams from Thursday to Friday are bright, sensual, they obey Venus.

And if on Thursday night you dreamed of a person, this is often associated with the love sphere. And it reflects either your dreams and desires, or predicts the future in this particular area.

Much can be expected from Thursday and its dreams, and the interpretation of the dream can be turned upside down, giving it a different meaning - associated with the amorous sphere.

6. From Friday to Saturday, dreams are important. If you dreamed of a person on Saturday, this dream is either advice, or a warning, or a strict indication. You should think about your own behavior, find instructions for action in the interpretation.

7. From Saturday to Sunday, sunny dreams, it is to this planet that they obey. They show the good - and any interpretation, even a negative one, can be safely "redrawn" into a positive one. Whatever is seen with a person in dreams, it is certainly for good, and the outcome will be happy.

"Human" dreams are difficult to interpret, but you should definitely decipher them - they are very important. Try to compare all the facts of the dream, analyze the interpreter's answer and the day of the week - and you can get valuable advice or an answer to your dream.

And this will certainly help you avoid mistakes in reality and be happier! Author: Vasilina Serova