Deep thoughts in an accessible form - this is what can be said about the fables of the talented Russian poet and publicist Ivan Andreevich Krylov. Ornate style, small form, short stanzas, heroes-representatives of the animal world, biting phrases that will later become catchphrases and a mandatory moral that explains everything that the author wanted to convey to the reader. These fables will survive both Krylov and his time, because the vices ridiculed by the author, unfortunately, still reign and flourish in society, which is why his fables are relevant and topical.

A few words about the plot and characters

"The Monkey and the Glasses" is one of the author's most famous fables. main character works - an enterprising monkey. The years take their toll, and in old age the monkey realized that her eyes began to see worse. However, she did not despair, following the example of people, our heroine got glasses, because she had just heard that this wonderful “device” could help out weakened eyes.

But having glasses, as it turns out, is half the battle - you need to know how to use them. And the reader understands that this is precisely what the monkey did not know. She began to improvise. The monkey licked the glasses, and sniffed, and somehow attached it to its tail, and twisted it this way and that, and pressed it to the crown of the head, but nothing good came of it. In frustration and anger, the monkey threw her glasses against a stone, breaking them into flickering fragments. Moreover, she cursed the rumor, saying that there is not an ounce of truth in the stories about glasses, people are all lying. The glasses didn't help the monkey's eyes.

As is usual in most Krylov fables, the author provides a moral at the end.

The moral of the fable, or how the work can be understood differently

It is noteworthy that the moral embedded in the fable can be perceived in different ways. Due to age, education, knowledge of history. Everything is clear with the heroine - it is no coincidence that the author chose a monkey, which personifies stupidity, grimacing, and lack of culture. But the interpretation will be more difficult.

The option is on the surface: everything needs to know its purpose, otherwise even a smart thing will lose value if you don’t understand how to use it. A more cunning option, which, in fact, is cited literally by the author - a useful thing, falling into the hands of a noble ignorant, may not only be not accepted and not understood, but also expelled from use. How many times have we observed in life when those in power, without understanding, rejected useful initiatives.

And finally, the most difficult subtext. It is necessary to remember in what times the author lived - it was a glorious time of the formation of academic science in Russia, begun by Lomonosov. Unfortunately, worthy people were not always at the helm of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. This institute was often headed by well-established officials. Not only Krylov, but also Pushkin, who had a quick word, wrote about this with malice.

There is an interpretation according to which the monkey, as usual, symbolizes ignorance, but the glasses act as the personification of science and knowledge. Having fallen into the hands of human monkeys, science not only comes under attack, but also simply compromises those who, lacking the necessary knowledge and culture, try to manage and apply it. It looks funny and absurd, and worst of all, it is destructive for science.

What morality should we accept, what exactly were the author’s thoughts? It is difficult to judge this precisely. Literature is not only the work of authors, but also of critics. It is probably correct to perceive the moral side in accordance with your personal understanding. Well, not only the moral of this fable has gone to the people forever, but also idioms, such as “the monkey has become weak-eyed in old age” and the less quotable one - “he is a fool who listens to all human lies.”

Our job is to study and learn,
try to accumulate as much knowledge as possible,
because serious social trends are there
where is knowledge, and the happiness of the future of humanity lies only in knowledge.
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov(01/17/1860–07/02/1904) - great Russian writer, talented playwright, academician, doctor by profession.

Fable “The Monkey and the Glasses” by Ivan Andreevich Krylov

Today on the program fable "The Monkey and the Glasses" famous Russian fabulist Ivan Andreevich Krylov; chapter from an elementary physics textbook edited by academician G.S. Lansberg - "The eye is like optical system» ; drawings for filmstrip "Fables of Grandfather Krylov" Repkina and wonderful with answers ;-)

MONKEY AND GLASSES

The monkey's eyes became weak in old age;
And she heard from people,
That this evil is not yet true big hands:
All you have to do is get glasses.
She got herself half a dozen glasses;
He turns his glasses this way and that:
Either he will press them to the crown, or he will string them on his tail,
Sometimes he sniffs them, sometimes he licks them;
The glasses don't work at all.
“Ugh, the abyss!” - she says, - “and that fool,
Who listens to all human lies:
They only lied to me about the Glasses;
But there’s no use for hair in them.”
The monkey is here out of frustration and sadness
Oh stone, there were so many of them,
That only the splashes sparkled.
──────────
Unfortunately, this is what happens to people:
No matter how useful a thing is, without knowing its price,
The ignoramus tends to tell everything about her for the worse;
And if the ignorant is more knowledgeable,
So he also drives her away.
1815

Ivan Andreevich Krylov(02/13/1769–11/21/1844) - Russian publicist, poet, fabulist, publisher of satirical and educational magazines. He is best known as the author of 236 fables, collected in nine lifetime collections (published from 1809 to 1843). Along with the fact that most of the plots of Krylov’s fables are original, some of them go back to the fables of La Fontaine (who, in turn, borrowed them from Aesop, Phaedrus and Babrius).
Eggink Ivan Egorovich(1784–1867) – Russian painter, portrait artist, author of historical paintings. Academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts in St. Petersburg.

Fable "The Monkey and the Glasses"
performed by Igor Ilyinsky
Unfortunately, audio tag is not supported by your browser :-(

Igor Vladimirovich Ilyinsky(1901–1987) - Soviet actor, theater and film director, master artistic word(reader). Hero of Socialist Labor. People's Artist of the USSR. Winner of the Lenin Prize and three Stalin Prizes of the first degree.

For the curious:
Glasses were first mentioned in documents in 1289. The Venetian glassblower is considered to be the inventor of glasses. Salvino Armati and a Dominican friar Alessandro Spine. There is a funny legend according to which the Venetian glassblower Armati, pouring liquid glass into the mold, spilled some of it on the table. When the glass froze, it turned out to be a very interesting piece of glass - a lens, flat on one side and convex on the other. Armati drew attention to the fact that this very glass can magnify objects.
This is how lenses for farsighted eyes were born ;-)

Laptev Alexey Mikhailovich(04/10/1905–01/15/1965) – Soviet graphic artist and book illustrator, poet. Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Arts, Honored Artist of the RSFSR.

Elementary physics textbook
edited by academician G.S. Ladsberg
EYE AS AN OPTICAL SYSTEM

The human eye is approximately spherical in shape; its diameter (on average) is 2.5 cm; the eye is surrounded on the outside by three membranes.
Outer hard and durable shell 1 , called sclera or protein coat, protects the inside of the eye from mechanical damage. The sclera at the front of the eye is transparent and is called cornea or cornea 2 ; on the rest of the eyes it is opaque, has White color and is called protein.

WITH inside adjacent to the sclera choroid 3 , consisting of a complex plexus blood vessels, nourishing the eye. This second membrane in the front of the eye passes into iris, colored by different people in different colors.
The iris has a hole in the middle called pupil 4 . The iris can deform and thus change the diameter of the pupil. This change occurs reflexively (without the participation of consciousness) depending on the amount of light entering the eye; in bright light the diameter of the pupil is 2 mm, in low light it reaches 8 mm.

Figure 1: Schematic section of a human eye

1 – protein shell; 2 – cornea; 3 – choroid; 4 – pupil; 5 – lens; 6 – retina; 7 – optic nerve; 8 – vitreous body; 9 – anterior chamber

On inner surface choroid located retina, or retina 6 . It covers the entire bottom of the eye except the front part. Enters through the shell from behind optic nerve 7 , connecting the eye to the brain. The retina consists mainly of branching fibers optic nerve and their endings and forms photosensitive surface of the eye.

The space between the cornea and iris is called front camera 9 ; it is filled with chamber moisture. Inside the eye, directly behind the pupil, is located lens 5 , which is a transparent elastic body having biconvex lens shape. The curvature of the surfaces of the lens can change as a result of the action of the muscle surrounding it on all sides. By changing the curvature of the surfaces of the lens, it is possible to bring the image of objects lying at different distances exactly onto the surface of the sensitive layer of the retina; this process is called accommodation. The entire cavity of the eye behind the lens is filled with a transparent gelatinous liquid, forming vitreous 8 .

In its structure, the eye as an optical system is similar to a camera. The role of the lens is performed by the lens together with the refractive medium of the anterior chamber and vitreous. The image is obtained on the photosensitive surface of the retina. Sharpening of the image is carried out by accommodation. Finally, the pupil plays the role of a diaphragm that varies in diameter.

The eye's ability to accommodate allows the retina to obtain sharp images of objects located at different distances. A normal eye is in a calm state, i.e. without any effort of accommodation, it gives a clear image of distant objects (for example, stars) on the retina. With the help of muscle effort, which increases the curvature of the lens and, therefore, reduces its focal length, the eye aims at the desired distance. The shortest distance at which a normal eye can clearly see objects varies depending on age from 10 cm (age up to 20 years) to 22 cm (age about 40 years). In older age, the ability of the eye to accommodate further decreases: the shortest distance reaches 30 cm or more - age-related farsightedness.

Rice. 2: Myopia and farsightedness of the eye

U normal eye back focus is on the retina (a);
myopia of the eye (b) is corrected using a diverging lens (c);
farsightedness (d) – using a converging lens (d)

Not all people have normal eyes. Often the back focus of the eye in a calm state is not on the retina itself (like a normal eye; Fig. 2a), but on one side or the other of it. If the focus of the eye in a calm state lies inside the eye in front of the retina (Fig. 2b), then the eye is called myopic. Such an eye cannot see clearly distant objects, since muscle tension during accommodation further moves the focus away from the retina. To correct myopia, the eyes must be equipped with glasses with diverging lenses (Fig. 2c).

In a farsighted eye, the focus when the eye is at rest is behind the retina (Fig. 2d). Farsighted the eye refracts less than normal. In order to see even very distant objects, the far-sighted eye must make an effort; to see nearby objects, the accommodative ability of the eye is no longer sufficient. Therefore, to correct farsightedness glasses with converging lenses are used (Fig. 2d), bringing the focus of the eye in a calm state to the retina.

Let's emerge from my beloved physics ;-) and plunge into the delightful illustrations for the fable “The Monkey and the Glasses” performed by Soviet cartoonist Pyotr Petrovich Repkina. We bring to your attention a luxurious eight drawings for the Soviet filmstrip "Fables of Grandfather Krylov".

FABLE “THE MONKEY AND GLASSES” BY IVAN ANDREEVICH KRYLOV
"Fables of Grandfather Krylov"
Production of the Filmstrip studio, 1986
Artist P. Repkin

Repkin Pyotr Petrovich(1915–1995) – Soviet cartoon film director. Since 1944 - animator at the Soyuzmultfilm studio. He worked at the Filmstrip studio throughout all the years of its existence - from 1935 to 1993. Honored Artist. Member of the Union of Artists of the USSR. Member of the Union of Cinematographers of the USSR.

The final chord of the article is dedicated to true connoisseurs of physics and those who are just trying to understand and love it;-)
Wonderful for your attention five quality tasks in physics and portraits of elderly gentlemen in glasses by a British painter Charles Spenceley.

Charles Spenceley

Qualitative problems in physics
Authors: Demkovich V.P., Demkovich L.P.

Task No. 1
Take glasses and, without using any foreign objects, determine whether they are intended for nearsighted or farsighted eyes?

Answer: You need to carefully touch the glasses with your fingers; if the glass in the middle is thicker than at the edges, then we have a converging lens in our hands - for a far-sighted eye, and if in the middle the glass is thinner than at the edges, then we have a diverging lens in our hands - for a near-sighted eye.

Rice. 3: Converging and diverging lenses

Converging lenses: biconvex lens (a); plano-convex lens (b); positive meniscus (c).
Diffusing Lenses: biconcave lens (g); plano-concave lens (d); – negative meniscus (e).
note that convex-concave lens(c,e)
is called a meniscus and can be collecting (thickens towards the middle - positive meniscus (c)) or scattering (thickens towards the edges - negative meniscus (e).

Charles Spenceley(Charles Spencelayh; 10/27/1865–06/25/1958) - British genre painter and portrait painter.

Task No. 2
Take your glasses and, without touching the lenses with your fingers, determine whether they are intended for nearsighted or farsighted eyes?

Answer: You need to look through glasses like through a magnifying glass; if they increase it - for farsighted people, and if they decrease it - for nearsighted people.

Charles Spenceley(Charles Spencelayh; 10/27/1865–06/25/1958) - British genre painter and portrait painter.

Task No. 3
Why can farsighted people, having lost their glasses, read by looking through a small hole (3–5 mm) made in paper? Test the property of a small hole for yourself by first placing your eyes very close to the printed text.

Answer: In this case, only the central rays pass into the pupil, which does not produce a blurry image.
What will happen if you try to look at a rather distant text (a sign on a store) through this small hole, having first positioned your eyes very close to the hole?
Let's check ;-)

Task No. 4
The microscope is set for a normal eye. Where should a nearsighted and farsighted person move the tube (up, down)?

Answer: Myopic downward, farsighted upward.

Problem #5
How should people who wear glasses work with a microscope: look into the eyepiece through glasses or without them?

Answer: Both options are possible.

Charles Spenceley(Charles Spencelayh; 10/27/1865–06/25/1958) - British genre painter and portrait painter.

I wish you pleasant and useful reading, as well as success
in independently solving high-quality problems in physics!

The materials in this article will be useful to apply not only in physics and fiction lessons, but also in extracurricular activities.
I hope that solving the physics problems proposed in the article will not only help to arouse schoolchildren’s interest in the subject, but also expand their knowledge and cultural horizons;-)

LEARN PHYSICS BY READING CLASSICS

Dear readers of green pages, I am pleased to inform you about the publication of my book - "Learn physics by reading the classics".
However... “my book”, this is said immodestly :-) First of all... this is a divine classic of fiction: A.P. Chekhov, I.A. Bunin, K.G. Paustovsky, A.N. Tolstoy...and then my informative comments regarding physics and astronomy... Thank you very much Tatyana Borisovna Dergach– leading editor of the Avanta publishing house ( LLC "AST Publishing House"), for the well-coordinated and pleasant work on the book in all respects.
The book is dedicated to my parents: my mother - Lebedeva Lidia Stepanovna and to dad - Lebedev Valery Vladimirovich, who back in 1984 categorically insisted :-) that I try my hand at the entrance exams at ROFMSH…

Learn physics by reading the classics

I wish you a pleasant and useful reading!

Egor

Great article. BRAVO! With such illustrative material, learning physics is a pleasure))) Five high-quality problems in physics were selected with soul and knowledge of the matter.
Igor Ilyinsky is a unique master of artistic expression! I listened to all the fables performed by him on your site. Thank you. I had a lot of fun.
I was somewhat surprised that satire was bypassed this time. But this matter can be fixed)))
Grandfather Krylov's fable "The Monkey and the Glasses" is remarkable primarily because the main idea It is expressed not only in morality, the main irony is in the text. An attentive reader will easily understand that the Monkey plays the role of an ignoramus, and the glasses are directly associated with science. People-Monkeys, who know nothing about science, which is far-sighted and as keen as glasses, often only make everyone around them laugh with their ignorance. Ignorance, especially of high-ranking officials, affects everyone around them. The irony is that officials cannot hide their short-sightedness and outright narrow-mindedness. The whole country laughs at such officials. BYE he just laughs!!!)))

Evgenich

Cool! The schematic section of a man's eye was terrifying!!!
Physics is great! Five points!!!

green page reader

Amazing! You are talent! This is rare these days!
Sincere love for physics, fiction and children!
THANK YOU!!!

PHYSICS AROUND US
Educational and terribly exciting ;-)

§
Three stages of recognition of scientific truth: the first is “this is absurd”, the second is “there is something in this”, the third is “this is generally known”. Ernest Rutherford
I invite readers of the green pages to go on an exciting journey through the pages of an amazing book "Physics and Music" Soviet journalist, popularizer of science Gleb Borisovich Anfilov...

§ Physics and music: graceful forms of violin and guitar...
Music forms the middle between thought and phenomenon. Heinrich Heine
Today on our agenda is a very simple, but at the same time very intricate question;-) Why do violins, guitars, mandolins, dombras have an oblong shape?

§
We bring to your attention riddles and proverbs about snow, the inimitable poetry of winter performed by Ivan Bunin and Robert Rozhdestvensky, masterpieces of world painting and my beloved physics!

§ Physics around us: Photo album "Frosty patterns on the windows"
We present to your attention photographs accompanied by entertaining and educational material - articles from the popular scientific and mathematical journal "Kvant": “About frosty patterns and scratches on glass”(1990, no. 12).

PHYSICS AND FICTION
Qualitative problems in physics

§ Physics and fiction: Optics
The enchanting magic of moonlight...
Scientists are the same dreamers and artists; they have no freedom over their ideas; they can work well, work for a long time only on what their thoughts lie towards, what their feelings lead to. In them ideas change; the most impossible, often extravagant ones appear; they swarm, swirl, merge, shimmer. And they live among such ideas and for such ideas they work. Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadsky

§ Physics and fiction: Optics
Fortune telling with mirrors for Christmas time...
The feeling of mystery is the most beautiful experience available to us. It is this feeling that stands at the cradle of true art and true science. Albert Einstein

§ Physics and fiction: Optics (N.V. Gogol and H.K. Andersen)
There is hardly the highest of pleasures than the pleasure of creating.
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol
Qualitative problems in physics by Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol and Hans Christian Andersen;-) Integration: World fiction and painting.

§ Physics and fiction: Optics
Fable “The Mirror and the Monkey” by Ivan Andreevich Krylov
People who neglect knowledge end up facing the wall.
Chinese wisdom sayings

§ Physics and fiction: Mechanics
Fable “Swan, Pike and Cancer” by Ivan Andreevich Krylov
A person who hopes to distinguish between useful and harmful without learning is foolish.
Socrates

§ Physics and fiction: Sound vibrations
Fable “Quartet” by Ivan Andreevich Krylov
It can be sad to listen to music without words,
but it’s even sadder to listen to music without music... Mark Twain

§ Physics and fiction: Mechanical waves - sound
A feature of a living mind is that it only needs to see and hear a little so that it can then think for a long time and understand a lot. Giordano Bruno

§ Physics and fiction
poetry collection for true connoisseurs of science and art
Science without literature is soulless and rude; Literature without science is empty, for the essence of literature is knowledge. Anatole France

§ Physics and fiction (Vladimir Galaktionovich Korolenko)
Inspiration is not the exclusive property of the artist: without it, even a scientist will not go far, without it even a craftsman will not do much, because it is everywhere, in every business, in every work. Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky

§ Physics and fiction (Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin)
Man was born for great joy, for unceasing creativity, in which he is God, for broad, free, unconstrained love for everything; to a tree, to the sky, to a person, to a dog, to the sweet, gentle, beautiful earth, ah, especially to the earth with its blissful motherhood, with its mornings and nights, with its beautiful daily miracles. Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin

§ Physics and fiction (Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky)
Knowledge is organically connected with human imagination. This seemingly paradoxical law can be expressed as follows: the power of imagination increases as knowledge grows. Konstantin Georgievich Paustovsky

§ Physics and fiction (Ivan Alekseevich Bunin)
Science and art are as closely related to each other as the lungs and the heart, so that if one organ is perverted, then the other cannot function correctly.
Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy

§ Physics and fiction (Johann Wolfgang Goethe “Faust”)
Goethe represents, perhaps, the only example in the history of human thought of the combination of a great poet, a deep thinker and an outstanding scientist in one person. Kliment Arkadyevich Timiryazev

§ Physics and fiction (Mine Reid “The Headless Horseman”)
The aim of scientific pursuits should be to direct the mind in such a way that it makes sound and true judgments about all objects encountered.
Rene Descartes
I bring to your attention integrated high-quality problems in physics from the famous English captain Mine Reid.

§ Physics and fiction: Thermal phenomena
Beauty is the radiance of truth. Plato
We bring to your attention 20 high-quality problems in physics (two cards of ten problems each) and... on the topic :-) a small gallery: “Fog in painting.”

BIOPHYSICS IN PHYSICS LESSONS

§ Biophysics: The Sound of Insects
Fable “Dragonfly and Ant” by Ivan Andreevich Krylov
The essence of Krylov’s fable “The Dragonfly and the Ant”, it would seem, lies on the surface - “He who does not work, neither does he eat,” but in reality modern Russia Everything turns out topsy-turvy :-(

§ Biophysics: Legs, tails... the main thing... - ears!
Educational material on the adaptation of animals to different temperatures using the example of representatives of the canine family - fennec fox, fox, arctic fox...

§ Biophysics: Echoes in the world of wildlife - sonars of bats
My goal is to free the mind from tenacious superstitions. Titus Lucretius Carus
Why don’t bats fly into obstacles even in complete darkness?
Educational biophysical material dedicated to amazing animals - bats, undeservedly offended by the human race...

§ Biophysics: Secrets of the Dolphin
Entertaining and educational biophysical material that lifts the veil of secrecy over some of the organizational features of dolphins: self-adjusting skin and unsurpassed sonar...

§ Biophysics: Jet motion in living nature
According to principle jet propulsion A whole range of animals move around in wildlife, such as jellyfish, scallops, dragonfly larvae, squid, octopus, cuttlefish...
Let's get to know some of them better ;-)

§ Biophysics: Why do cat eyes glow?
“Physical surprise and interesting” ;-)
Why do dogs, cats and other animals with good night vision have eyes that glow in the dark?

BOXES OF QUALITY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS

§ Physics and Geography of Kazakhstan
Joint project: OFRO "BEST" and Technical Lyceum No. 165 (Alma-Ata)

§ Yak-3 - the lightest fighter of World War II
Special themed issue of green pages.
Here are five questions and tasks for your attention: the legendary Soviet fighter Yak-3... + a thematic selection of 10 puzzles.
“Only in a cheerful, hot impulse, in passionate love for one's native country, courage and energy will be born VICTORY. And not only and not so much in a separate impulse, but in the persistent mobilization of all forces, in that constant burning that slowly and steadily moves mountains, opens unknown depths and brings them to sunny clarity ... " Mikhail Vasilievich Lomonosov

§ Box of high-quality problems in physics “hodgepodge” :-)
When throwing pebbles into the water, look at the circles they form, otherwise such throwing will be empty fun. Kozma Prutkov
The box consists of four thematic blocks: 1) Brownian motion. Diffusion; 2) Atmosphere pressure; 3) Properties of the liquid. Archimedes' power; 4) Thermal phenomena.

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Structure of matter, diffusion
The creativity of a poet, the dialectic of a philosopher, the art of a researcher - these are the materials from which a great scientist is made. Kliment Arkadyevich Timiryazev

§ Box of quality problems in physics:
Elements of statics: balance of bodies, moment of force, simple mechanisms
Strive to comprehend science more and more deeply, by knowledge eternal thirst languish. Only with the first knowledge will the light shine on you, you will know: there is no limit to knowledge. Ferdowsi

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Inertia
Dedicated to Chernobay Alexander Arsenievich ,
to the director ROFMSH(Alma-Ata, ROFMSH, 1984–1987)
Let no one think that Newton's great creation can be overthrown by the theory of relativity or any other theory. Newton's clear and broad ideas will forever retain their significance as the foundation on which our modern physical concepts are built... Albert Einstein

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Friction force
It is much more difficult to see a problem than to find a solution. The first requires imagination, the second only skill. John Desmond Bernal

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Solid pressure
The thinking mind does not feel happy until it manages to connect together the disparate facts that it observes. Gyorgy de Hevesy

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Pressure of liquids and gases
Reducing the many to the one is the fundamental principle of beauty. Pythagoras of Samos

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Work, power, energy
The more our knowledge develops, the more mysteries of nature confront us... Ivan Antonovich Efremov

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Archimedes' power
Natural science is so humane, so truthful, that I wish good luck to everyone who devotes himself to it... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

§ Box of quality problems in physics:
Wetting, surface tension, capillary phenomena
Education does not sprout in the soul unless it penetrates to a significant depth. Protagoras

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Melting and crystallization
Science is a force that reveals the relationships of things, their laws and interactions. Alexander Ivanovich Herzen. We present to your attention 50 high-quality problems in physics and... on topic :-) small gallery: "Winter in painting".

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Evaporation, condensation, boiling
Apply your heart to learning and your ears to clever words. Bible, Old Testament, “Book of Proverbs of Solomon”

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Types of Heat Transfer
The joy of seeing and understanding is the most wonderful gift nature. Albert Einstein

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Heat engines
Live as if you will die tomorrow. Study as if you will live forever. Mahatma Gandhi

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Electricity
Investments in knowledge always give the greatest return. Benjamin Franklin

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Magnetic phenomena
Knowledge must serve the creative purposes of man. It is not enough to accumulate knowledge; we need to disseminate them as widely as possible and apply them in life. Nikolai Alexandrovich Rubakin

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Mechanical waves - sound
Many things are incomprehensible to us, not because our concepts are weak, but because these things are not included in the range of our concepts. “Fruits of Thoughts”, Kozma Prutkov

§ Box of quality problems in physics: Optics (Light phenomena)
You have to study a lot to know even a little. Charles Louis Montesquieu

Distribution of site materials is welcome.
A link to the materials is highly desirable, but not strictly required ;-)
“Knowledge should serve the creative purposes of man. It is not enough to accumulate knowledge;
we need to disseminate them as widely as possible and apply them in life.” Rubakin N.A.

MONKEY, monkeys, female 1. A small monkey from the macaque breed (zool.). “The monkey’s eyes have become weak in old age.” Krylov. 2. transfer Ugly, ugly person (colloquial fam. joke). 3. Same as Martyn (region). Dictionary Ushakova. D.N.... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Aya, oh; weak, weak, weak, weak and weak. 1. Not having sufficient physical strength; opposite strong. I always bravely opposed Kuzyar and Naumka, but in my heart I felt weaker than them: they often beat me in battles. Gladkov, The Tale of... ... Small academic dictionary

A (y), prev. about the eye, in the eye, plural. eyes, eye, am, m. 1. Organ of vision. Anatomy of the eye. Myopic eyes. Blue eyes. Close your eyes. Squint your eyes. Goggle your eyes. □ He had a slightly upturned nose, teeth of dazzling whiteness and brown... Small academic dictionary

eye- a (y), sentence; about the eye, in the eye/; pl. eyes/, eye, eyes/m; m. see also. in the eyes, little eyes, eyes, peephole, eye 1) a) Paired... Dictionary of many expressions

OLD AGE, old age, many. no, female The period of life after maturity, during which the body's activities gradually weaken. “The monkey’s eyes have become weak in old age.” Krylov. "A little dog is a puppy until he's old." (last) “Fair... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

A (y), prev. about the eye, in the eye; pl. eyes, eyes, eyes; m. 1. Paired organ vision of humans and animals, located in the eye sockets (face, muzzle) and covered by eyelids with eyelashes. Anatomy of the eye. Eye diseases. Left, right, Big,... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

EYE, eyes, about the eye, in the eye, many. eyes, eyes, eyes, husband. 1. (predominantly plural to indicate pairing). Organ of vision. Eyesore. The left eye turned red. Brown eyes. Myopic eyes. Aim with your eyes squinted. Raise your eyes to the sky. Modestly... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Weak, weak; weak, weak, weak. 1. Characterized by absence, lack of strength, low strength (physical, bodily, mental). A weak blow. To hit weakly (adv.). Weak voice. Weak current. Weak muscles. Weak memory. “Never... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

- (1) BECOME (1) I will become, you will become, pov. stand, owl 1. (not to become). Get to your feet, stand up. “What kind of houses are there: two people can fit into one at a time, and then neither stand nor sit.” Krylov. || Accept vertical position. My hair stood on end. Brick… … Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

The monkey's eyes became weak in old age;
And she heard from people,
That this evil is not yet so big hands:
All you have to do is get glasses.
She got herself half a dozen glasses;
He turns his glasses this way and that:
Either he will press them to the crown, or he will string them on his tail,
Sometimes he sniffs them, sometimes he licks them;
The glasses don't work at all.
“Ugh, the abyss! - she says, - and that fool,
Who listens to all human lies:
They only lied to me about the Glasses;
But there’s no use for hair in them.”
The monkey is here out of frustration and sadness
Oh stone, there were so many of them,
That only the splashes sparkled.
___________

Unfortunately, this is what happens to people:
No matter how useful a thing is, without knowing its price,
The ignoramus tends to make everything worse about her;
And if the ignorant is more knowledgeable,
So he still drives her.

Analysis/moral of the fable “The Monkey and the Glasses” by Krylov

The fable “The Monkey and the Glasses” is one of the most famous works Ivan Andreevich Krylov, invariably included in the school curriculum.

The fable was written in 1815. Its author was 46 years old at that moment and works at the St. Petersburg Public Library. In literary terms, the writer almost completely switched to fable creativity. The 1815 collection was published with illustrations. The fable is composed in free iambic meter, typical of I. Krylov. Activity of one actor(Monkeys) is overshadowed by the equanimity of the other (Glasses). A small, narrow-nosed monkey has become somewhat blind in his old age. In captivity she could achieve quite old age- about thirty and even forty years old. “Weak in the eyes”: she began to see poorly, which meant getting into trouble. “I heard from people”: she lived with someone (most likely in a noble house) almost as a member of the family. “Evil is not a big deal”: an idiom meaning that the matter can be fixed. “Half a dozen points”: six pieces. “I got it”: I simply pulled it off. “Turns this way and that”: an example of outdated stress in a word. “Top of the head”: the area of ​​the head closer to the back of the head. Next is a series of colorful prefixed verbs, connected by enumerative gradation: press, sniff, string, lick. “They don’t work at all.” The glasses do not “come to life” to tell her their secrets, or rather, the main one is the art of wearing them. “Oh, the abyss!”: the monkey scolds. People also get it for “lies”; she even calls herself a “fool” for listening to a tall tale about the benefits of glasses. “Only a hair’s breadth”: another idiom by I. Krylov, meaning “not a hair’s breadth, not at all.” “That’s enough”: the angry Monkey ran out into the yard with the glasses, where she smashed them so that “the splashes sparkled” (this is also a metaphor). “More knowledgeable”: having a name and weight in society. Next comes the moral: the ignorant has no use for everything, without understanding it, he scolds even very good things. If something didn’t work out for one, it’s not a fact that it won’t work out for the other. The theme of knowledge and enlightenment falling into the hands of the ignorant is also played out. Perhaps there is also a subtext of perception of innovations by different generations (the monkey was elderly). Finally, the availability of glasses did not benefit the heroine. The vocabulary is colloquial, interspersed with expressive, sometimes outdated, phrases. Changes in rhythm and intonation are facilitated by the wide possibilities of iambic heterometers.

In “The Monkey and the Glasses” I. Krylov presents ignorance and complacency to the reader.

In her old age, the monkey began to see poorly, but she heard from people that this could be easily corrected with the help of glasses. She got herself glasses, but didn't know how to use them correctly. She put them on the crown and tail, sniffed and licked them. But this didn’t make me see any better. Then the Monkey decided that people were all lying and broke all the glasses on a stone.

Read the fable The Monkey and the Glasses online

The monkey's eyes became weak in old age;
And she heard from people,
That this evil is not yet so big hands:
All you have to do is get glasses.
She got herself half a dozen glasses;
He turns his glasses this way and that:
Either he will press them to the crown, or he will string them on his tail,
Sometimes he sniffs them, sometimes he licks them;
The glasses don't work at all.
“Ugh, the abyss! - she says, - and that fool,
Who listens to all human lies:
They only lied to me about the Glasses;
But there’s no use for hair in them.”
The monkey is here out of frustration and sadness
Oh stone, there were so many of them,
That only the splashes sparkled.

Unfortunately, this is what happens to people:
No matter how useful a thing is, without knowing its price,
The ignoramus tends to make everything worse about her;
And if the ignorant is more knowledgeable,
So he still drives her.

Moral of the story Monkey and glasses

The monkey in the fable plays the role of an ignoramus, and the glasses represent knowledge. But you need to be able to apply the knowledge correctly, then it will be useful. The fable satirizes shortsightedness and ignorance. The author notes that “the ignorant of knowledge” are especially dangerous for society, who with their influence can harm advancement in science.

Published by: Mishka 16.01.2019 12:00 22.07.2019

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