Research work "Murzilka - who is he and where is he from?" Who is "Murzilka"

On May 16, 1924, the first issue of the Murzilka magazine was published in the Soviet Union, intended for younger children. school age- from 6 to 12 years old, which very quickly became a popular children's literary and artistic publication.

Murzilka traces its history back to 1879, when the Canadian artist and poet Palmer Cox created a series of poems with his illustrations about the little people “Brownie” - small people, relatives of brownies, with brown unkempt hair (for which were called "brownies"). Appearing for the first time in the magazine “Wide Awake”, they began a triumphal march, first across America, and then throughout the world. They came to Russia thanks to the famous writer Anna Khvolson, who freely translated Cox’s texts, giving the characters different names. This is how the name Murzilka was born.

In 1913, Khvolson’s book “New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest men”, where the main character was Murzilka - a little man in a tailcoat, with a cane and a monocle. These tales were very popular, but after the 1917 revolution the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero.

Murzilka was remembered again in 1924, when a new children's magazine was created under Rabochaya Gazeta, and everyone liked the name. But don’t put a brownie on the cover of a Soviet magazine! Therefore, Murzilka became a red mongrel puppy who accompanied his owner, the boy Petka, everywhere. But this Murzilka did not last long, and in 1937 a new Murzilka appeared - a kind of furry creature yellow color, which, having undergone some changes, has survived to the present day. Since then, the symbol of the children's publication “Murzilka” has been a yellow fluffy character wearing a red beret and scarf. And the kids really like it.

In Soviet times, it was a children's monthly magazine of the Central Committee of the Komsomol and the Central Council of the All-Union Pioneer Organization named after. IN AND. Lenin. It was designed for October students, junior schoolchildren, and pupils of older groups of kindergartens. The main task of “Murzilka” was the communist education of children in the spirit of Soviet patriotism, respect for work, collectivism and camaraderie. The magazine published stories, poems, fairy tales, essays and pictures about the creative work of Soviet people and the heroic past of the Motherland. In a lively, entertaining and accessible form, he told children about the history of the USSR, labor, nature, school life, the affairs of the Octoberists, etc. Famous figures of literature and art participated in the creation and work of the magazine Soviet period. The best children's writers were published on the pages of "Murzilka": Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agniya Barto, Mikhail Prishvin, Konstantin Paustovsky, Elena Blaginina, Nikolai Nosov, Valentin Berestov, Yuri Korinets, Irina Tokmakova, Eduard Uspensky, Andrey Usachev, Marina Moskvina, Viktor Lunin, Leonid Yakhnin, Mikhail Yasnov and others.

The magazine "Murzilka" is still published. In 2011, it was listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the "longest-running children's magazine." Over the many years of existence of the beloved children's magazine, its publication has never been interrupted.

Who is "Murzilka"? November 25th, 2013

I often see the word “Murzilka” used in Internet slang. And you’ve probably heard it more than once with a modern meaning. What does it mean now? An offensive version of the word “virtual”? Please clarify in the comments...

In the meantime, we’ll talk about the history and origin of this word.

Story Murzilki began in 1879, when Canadian artist Palmer Cox created a series of drawings about Brownies - these are the closest relatives of brownies, small people, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to little elves with brown unkempt hair and bright blue eyes (because of Brown their hair is called “brownie”). Their skin is predominantly light, although the color of a brownie's skin depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not finish. But this was just a test before the real creation of those images that would later win over the public. So in 1881, exactly those same brownies appeared in the magazine “Wide Awake”, which began a triumphant march, first across America, and then throughout the world.

In February 1883, Cox began publishing in the New York children's publication St. Nicholas" pictures from brownie, accompanied by poems about the adventures of the heroes. And four years later, the first book “The Brownies, Their Book” was published, which contained a collection of stories about brownies and which sold a million copies. In total, Palmer Cox created 15 original brownie books before his death in 1924.

By the way, Cox’s brownies did not have names as such - they were called by characteristic nicknames, such as Chinese, Sailor, Dandy, Jockey, Russian, Hindu, King, Student, Policeman, Canadian, etc.

The first edition of the book “The Kingdom of Little Ones,” including 27 stories and 182 drawings, was published in 1889, followed by reprints in 1898, 1902 and 1915.

In 1913, a book with drawings by Palmer Cox and Russian text from Anna Khvolson “New Murzilka. Amazing adventures and wanderings of little forest people." Anna Khvolson made a free translation of Cox's texts, giving the characters other names: Maz-Permaz, Dedko-Borodach, Znayka, Dunno, clever Skok, hunter Mick, Vertushka, Chinese Chi-ka-chi, Indian Ski, Mikrobka, American John, etc. P. Well, actually Murzilka, on whose behalf the story was told.

And it turned out that Murzilka impossibly similar to the famous Nosovsky Dunno. He is the same braggart, lazy and troublemaker, who, because of his character, constantly gets into various troubles. However, these two heroes also have differences. Murzilka, for example, a real dandy. A tailcoat or long coat, top hat, boots with narrow toes, a cane and a monocle are indispensable components of his everyday costume.

So Dunno’s predilection for defiantly bright colors in clothes would have unpleasantly struck Murzilka’s refined taste. But this difference is purely external. Although the character Murzilki or, as his friends call him, “Empty Head” is quite similar to the character of his literary descendant; Dunno is written out in much more detail and volume. And if Khvolson’s hero is deliberately caricatured and conventional, then Nosov’s is a lively, charming and recognizable boy. Therefore, probably, over the careless and boastful Murzilka readers just laugh, but they often sympathize with Dunno, sincerely pity and love him.

So, the name Murzilka was born in 1913. Two years later, Anna Khvelson released an independent work called “The Kingdom of Little Ones. Adventures Murzilki and the Woodland Men,” which was illustrated by the works of the same Palmer Cox, but since it was not included in the official Brownie bibliography, it can be considered a remake.
He was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, in a silk top hat and long-toed boots that were fashionable at that time... And he always had an elegant cane and monocle in his hands. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, these tales were very popular. Myself Murzilka, according to the plot of the fairy tale, he constantly found himself in some kind of funny stories. But after the 1917 revolution, the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero.

Next time o Murzilka remembered in 1924, when a new children's magazine was created under the Rabochaya Gazeta. One of the founders remembered this name and it was accepted almost unanimously. But don’t put a brownie on the cover! That's why Murzilka became a red mongrel puppy who accompanied his owner, the boy Petka, everywhere. His friends also changed - now they were pioneers, Octobrists, as well as their parents. However, the puppy did not exist for long - he soon disappeared, and Petka subsequently disappeared from the pages of the magazine.

Soon other heroes began to appear in this magazine - evil sorceress Yabeda-Koryabeda, talking cat Shunka, Soroka-Balabolka, Sportlendik and Ladybug. All these characters became the hosts of the main sections of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, curiosity questions, a sports page, stories about nature.

The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agnia Barto. The smallest Murzilka“instilled a love of learning with the help of bright pictures, interesting plots and playful poems.

In 1977 - 1983. The magazine published “A detective-mysterious story about Yabeda-Koryabeda and her 12 agents” (author and artist A. Semenov) and its continuations. Often the magazine took on topics that were far from children's. For kids who have only recently learned to read, “ Murzilka“talked about the conquest of space, the construction of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station, the 1980 Olympics, and even explained the ideology of the party - “To the October Revolution about Communists.”

Magazine " Murzilka"is still published. It is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the “longest-running children's magazine.”

"Murzilka" is a children's magazine with the longest history. Several generations grew up on works famous writers. In Soviet times, it was difficult to find parents who did not subscribe to this publication for their children.

A little bit of history

The first issue of the magazine was published in May 1924. It was intended for children from 6 to 12 years old. But the fascinating publication captivated even adults, who happily re-read the pages with their children.

On the pages of the magazine one could read the works of the best children's authors. Among them are Agnia Barto, Korney Chukovsky, Samuil Marshak.

Each issue was informative and instructive. Sometimes very serious topics were revealed, such as “Conquest of Space” and “Construction of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station.”

Bright pictures and fascinating stories instilled in children the most best qualities, helped to explore the world and develop.

"Murzilka" is a magazine that is listed in the Guinness Book of Records due to the longest period of publication.

Purpose of the magazine

The main purpose of creating the magazine was an educational mission.

Children learn more effectively with the help of engaging literature. The modern children's magazine "Murzilka" is an excellent opportunity to explore the world and study the school curriculum in a playful way. In addition, children can get acquainted with the work of popular authors and young aspiring writers.

All information is presented in an interesting and fun way, so children enjoy re-reading the pages of each publication and look forward to the release of the next issue.

The fairy-tale creature yellow and fluffy Murzilka appeared in 1937 with the help of the artist Aminadav Moiseevich Kanevsky, and you can still meet him in every issue. He takes the kids into a world of adventure and incredible stories, teaches, amuses, makes you think.

Main headings

"Murzilka" is a magazine that helps the development and education of children. Constant rubrics allow you to consolidate the school curriculum and gain more in-depth knowledge.

“Word Walks” provide an opportunity to master grammar, improve lexicon and learn to express your thoughts.
“The Red Book of Murzilka” will introduce children to the vast world of flora and fauna.
"Safety School" gives skills in using home household appliances, helps to protect yourself when using gas and electricity. With the help of this section, children learn to behave correctly in unusual and emergency situations.
"Let's go to the museum" and " Art Gallery“instill a love of art, introduce them to world and domestic masterpieces.

This way the children get a lot additional information, increasing their knowledge and intelligence. In addition, children's “Murzilka” offers reading the works of the best writers and poets of our time.

For exciting leisure, there are children's jokes and counting rhymes, games and coloring books, rebuses and puzzles. And for lovers of creative leisure, homemade designs await you.

Why you should subscribe

Children's magazine"Murzilka" has a lot of advantages.

Murzilka magazine is the right choice for caring parents. It will allow you to learn a lot of new things and increase your intelligence, cultivate sensitivity and responsiveness, learn good manners, communication with peers and adults. Conduct free time reading is a great habit that helps harmonious development person.

On May 16, 1924, the first issue of the magazine for children from 6 to 12 years old, “Murzilka,” was published in the Soviet Union. The history of Murzilka began in 1879, when the Canadian...

On May 16, 1924, the first issue of the magazine for children from 6 to 12 years old, “Murzilka,” was published in the Soviet Union.

The history of Murzilka began in 1879, when the Canadian artist Palmer Cox created a series of drawings about Brownies - these are the closest relatives of brownies, small people, about 90 centimeters tall, similar to little elves with brown unkempt hair and bright colors. blue eyes (because of the brown color of their hair they are called “brownies”). Their skin is predominantly light, although the color of a brownie's skin depends on where they live and what they eat. These creatures come at night and finish what the servants did not finish. But this was just a test before the real creation of those images that would later win over the public. So in 1881, exactly those same brownies appeared in the magazine “Wide Awake”, which began a triumphant march, first across America, and then throughout the world.

In February 1883, Cox began publishing in the New York children's publication St. Nicholas" pictures with brownies, accompanied by poems about the adventures of the heroes. And four years later, the first book “The Brownies, Their Book” was published, which contained a collection of stories about brownies and which sold a million copies. In total, Palmer Cox created 15 original brownie books before his death in 1924.

Murzilka and his friends first appeared on the pages of the magazine “Sincere Word” in 1887 in the fairy tale “A boy as big as a finger, a girl as big as a nail.” The author of this tale was the famous writer Anna Borisovna Khvolson, and the illustrations were drawings by the artist Palmer Cox. The first edition of the book “The Kingdom of Little Ones,” including 27 stories and 182 drawings, was published in 1889, followed by reprints in 1898, 1902 and 1915.

And it turned out that Murzilka is incredibly similar to the well-known Nosovsky Dunno. He is the same braggart, lazy and troublemaker, who, because of his character, constantly gets into various troubles. However, these two heroes also have differences. Murzilka, for example, is a real dandy. A tailcoat or long coat, top hat, boots with narrow toes, a cane and a monocle are indispensable components of his everyday costume. So Dunno’s predilection for defiantly bright colors in clothes would have unpleasantly struck Murzilka’s refined taste. But this difference is purely external. Although the character of Murzilka or, as his friends call him, “The Empty Head” is quite similar to the character of his literary descendant, Dunno is written out in much more detail and volume. And if Khvolson’s hero is deliberately caricatured and conventional, then Nosov’s is a lively, charming and recognizable boy. Therefore, probably, readers only laugh at the careless and boastful Murzilka, but they often sympathize with Dunno, sincerely pity and love him.

So, the name Murzilka was born in 1913. Two years later, Anna Khvelson released an independent work called “The Kingdom of Little Ones. The Adventures of Murzilka and the Forest Men,” which was illustrated by the works of the same Palmer Cox, but since it was not included in the official Brownie bibliography, it can be considered a remake. He was a boy in a black tailcoat, with a huge white flower in his buttonhole, in a silk top hat and long-toed boots that were fashionable at that time... And he always had an elegant cane and monocle in his hands. At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, these tales were very popular. Murzilka himself, according to the plot of the fairy tale, constantly found himself in some funny stories. But after the 1917 revolution, the book was no longer published, and everyone forgot about this hero.

The next time Murzilka was remembered was in 1924, when a new children's magazine was created under the Rabochaya Gazeta. One of the founders remembered this name and it was accepted almost unanimously. But don’t put a brownie on the cover! Therefore, Murzilka became a red mongrel puppy who accompanied his owner, the boy Petka, everywhere. His friends also changed - now they were pioneers, Octobrists, as well as their parents. However, the puppy did not exist for long - he soon disappeared, and Petka subsequently disappeared from the pages of the magazine.

It is traditionally believed that a certain fluffy yellow creature was born into the world by the artist Aminadav Kanevsky at the request of the editors in 1937. However, back in the 50s, Murzilka was a small man wearing an acorn hat on his head instead of a beret. He appeared like this in several cartoons, the last of which, “Murzilka on Sputnik,” was created in 1960. It was this beret that later became an indispensable attribute of Murzilka, when it turned yellow and overgrown. Soon other heroes began to appear in this magazine - the evil sorceress Yabeda-Koryabeda, the talking cat Shunka, Magpie-Balabolka, Sportlendik and Ladybug. All these characters became the hosts of the main sections of the magazine - funny and entertaining stories, curiosity questions, a sports page, stories about nature.

The best children's writers were published on the pages of Murzilka: Samuil Marshak, Korney Chukovsky, Sergei Mikhalkov, Boris Zakhoder, Agnia Barto. “Murzilka” instilled in the little ones a love of learning with the help of bright pictures, interesting plots and playful rhymes. In 1977 - 1983. The magazine published “A detective-mysterious story about Yabeda-Koryabeda and her 12 agents” (author and artist A. Semenov) and its continuations. Often the magazine took on topics that were far from children's. For kids who had only recently learned to read, “Murzilka” talked about the conquest of space, the construction of the Dnieper Hydroelectric Power Station, the 1980 Olympics, and even explained the ideology of the party - “To the Octobrists about Communists.”

The magazine "Murzilka" is still published. It is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the “longest-running children's magazine.”

Few people know that the magazine owes its existence to the Canadian artist and writer Palmer Cox. At the end of the 19th century, he published a series of poems about the small people of the Brownies. And a little later, the Russian writer Anna Khvolson, inspired by the works of Cox, created her own series of stories, where the main character was Murzilka - a little man in a tailcoat and with a monocle.

In 1908, its popularity was quite large, and the editors of the publication “Dushushevnoye Slovo” began to publish an appendix - the newspaper “Murzilka Magazine”.

In the twenties, this publication turned into an independent magazine, but it was necessary to abandon the “bourgeois” image of the main character. Murzilka turned into an ordinary puppy with a good-natured smile, living with Petya and understanding the world. He flew on hot-air balloon, traveled with pioneers, slept in the same cage with a polar bear, etc.

In the thirties, thanks to the artist Aminadav Kanevsky, Murzilka acquired the image in which he has survived to this day, although somewhat modified - a yellow puppy in a red beret, a striped scarf, with a postman's bag and a camera.

At the end of the thirties, Murzilka disappeared from the pages of the publication and appeared only during the war years in the form. The magazine called for help in the military cause, talked about exploits and much more. When the war ended, the familiar yellow puppy returned again. At this time, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, V. Bianki, K. Paustovsky, M. Prishvin, E. Schwartz and others began to be published on the pages of the publication.

During the Thaw period, the magazine's circulation grew to crazy numbers - about five million copies were published. Along with this, talented authors appeared - A. Barto, V. Dragunsky, Y. Kazakov, A. Nekrasov, V. Astafiev, etc. In addition, educational material began to appear in the magazine - the heading “Our Favorite Artists”, a section on travel “ Following the sun”, etc.
In the seventies, thematic issues dedicated to rivers, fairy tales and other areas began to be published. Works by foreign authors also began to appear - Otfried Preusler, Donald Bissetga, Astrid Lindgren, Tove Jansson.

During perestroika, a competent editor, Tatyana Filippovna Androsenko, began to manage the magazines. It was thanks to her that the publication did not sink into obscurity. The circulation fell, printing houses refused to print it, but all these problems were solved. New authors even began to appear.

Currently, “Murzilka” is a modern glossy publication that has not deviated from its traditions - the search for new young talented authors, high quality products, educational and entertaining materials for primary schoolchildren.