Calluses on the foot internal how to get rid of. Callus: appearance, methods of treatment and removal. How to cure with medication

It is necessary to regularly check the level of cholesterol in the blood, starting from the age of 40, and in the presence of aggravated heredity and concomitant diseases of the heart and blood vessels - even earlier. Too high a rate is dangerous to health and life, it must be lowered by available means.

Cholesterol and its norms

Cholesterol is determined by a blood test taken from a vein. There is a general analysis for cholesterol and a lipid profile that “splits” it into several more detailed indicators. It contains the following types of cholesterol:

There are average norms for the presence of cholesterol in the blood serum. If the figure is less than 5.2 mmol / l for women, this is a normal value and does not require adjustment. But there is also a more detailed table by age, which makes it easier to conclude that there are problems. So what is the norm of cholesterol in the blood of ladies? Here are the indicators specifically for the weaker sex (for men they are different).

Pregnant women have their own norms of the indicator, which should be taken into account by a specialist. Usually there is elevated cholesterol, but sometimes low cholesterol is detected - the reasons may be malabsorption of fats, strict diets, low consumption of animal food.

Causes of an increase in blood lipids

If the indicator has physiological values, you should not worry - lipids are also needed by the body, without them, the formation of cell membranes, the production of sex hormones and bile, the metabolism of fat-soluble vitamins and the production of vitamin D are disrupted.

Without lipids, the nervous system and immune system will not function normally.

The main causes of high blood cholesterol in women can be:

Risk factors include smoking, taking hormonal contraceptives, alcoholism - they adversely affect the state of blood vessels and fat metabolism. Only the rate of plaque deposition is aggravated by increased sugar and diabetes mellitus, kidney and liver diseases. With menopause, due to a decrease in hormone production, the indicator rises much faster.

Symptoms of high cholesterol

Usually, the initial stages of changes in the composition of the blood do not affect the well-being of a woman. Only with a scheduled blood test, hyperlipidemia is detected - this means that LDL and triglycerides have already begun to rise.

As it progresses, certain signs appear, but they are not specific.

Since the symptoms of the problem are characteristic of many diseases of the cardiovascular system, only a blood test will provide reliable information about changes in health. The symptom complex may include:

In some women, there is a local deposition of fat in the form of lipomas (wen), xanthoma under the eyes (yellow spots). All of these signs are not characteristic of hyperlipidemia, but of developing vascular atherosclerosis, which is even more dangerous. Without treatment and lowering lipid levels, atherosclerosis progresses rapidly, covers the cerebral, coronary vessels and arteries of the legs, which causes thrombosis, thromboembolism with severe consequences.

Folk remedies for violation of lipid metabolism

To make the indicator in the blood lower, you will have to try: if you regularly drink only pills, there is a high risk of side effects, up to liver damage, and after the end of therapy, LDL will rise again. It is important to normalize the lifestyle, and then it will be possible to lower lipids reliably and permanently.

Tips for patients are as follows:

do not try to be treated on your own - the doctor must choose a cholesterol-lowering program, taking into account concomitant diseases;
influence the causes of hyperlipidemia - smoking, physical inactivity, malnutrition;
normalize weight, lose weight, but only in a healthy way, without starvation diets;
reduce stress levels, if necessary, medication.

Among folk remedies, there are those that are recognized by doctors as effective against hyperlipidemia. It is necessary to consume a teaspoon of linseed oil or flax seed in a course of 30 days 2-3 times a year. Instead of flaxseed oil, corn oil will do. Linden flowers, dandelion root, propolis tincture, honey also reduce the indicator.

Diet in the treatment of hyperlipidemia

A number of products will have to be excluded from the menu if there is an increase in harmful lipids in the blood. This is the meat of beef, lamb, duck, goose. Even pork is less harmful to the body, and lard without heat treatment is completely useful (increases HDL if you eat 10-20 g daily).

It is necessary to abandon fried foods - when frying, fats turn into a very harmful form.

Meals should be 5-6 meals a day, but in small portions. Up to 60-70% of food is plant-based, especially vegetables and fruits with a moderate sugar content. But you can’t refuse sour milk, fish, milk, eggs, meat - if there is a shortage of animal food, the body will intensively produce cholesterol “on its own”. It is also important to drink more - at least 2 liters / day.

Medical treatment

Why do many people have to take pills, and other methods cannot cope with cholesterol? Serious metabolic disorders, the presence of diabetes, obesity do not make it possible to normalize cholesterol in more gentle ways. There are the most common groups of tablets for hyperlipidemia:

Much more effective is to increase the level of physical activity - swimming, exercise therapy, skiing, walking optimize metabolic processes and prevent lipids from being deposited in the vessels. Tablets are a means of emergency care, and for a long time you need to be treated with sports and a change in lifestyle.

Cholesterol is an organic substance (lipid) found in the cells of living organisms. It does not dissolve in water. Most of it is produced by the human body, mainly by the liver. The rest comes from food. Cholesterol has the ability to maintain the stability of cell membranes at different temperatures. Without it, vitamin D, steroid and sex hormones (cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone, estrogens) cannot be produced. Its main functions are as follows:

serves as a building block for all cells;
needed for bile acids, which help digest fats;
takes part in the functioning of the brain;
compensates for the lack of antioxidants in cells;
protects cells from various kinds of toxic substances;
takes part in the activity of the immune and nervous systems.

Without cholesterol, the body cannot function normally.

But freely transported through the blood vessels, this lipid in large quantities tends to stick together and accumulate, preventing the movement of blood. With its deficiency, the functioning of the reproductive system is disrupted: the ability to conceive decreases, the level of libido drops, which leads to depression, suicidal states, digestive disorders, and diabetes mellitus. Cholesterol moves through the vessels with the help of specific molecules - lipoproteins, complex compounds of fats and proteins. There are two main types of lipoproteins:

. With their help, lipid is delivered from the liver to other organs.
high density. With their help, it returns back from the cells to the liver. There it is processed and excreted from the body.

The imbalance of both types in favor of low density lipoproteins is called high cholesterol, which leads to many diseases. With such a clinical picture, the doctor is faced with the task of how to lower cholesterol.

Norm of cholesterol in the blood

For every healthy person, there is a standard norm for the content of low and high density lipoproteins. Their ratio shows the safe degree of cholesterol in the body. This allowable rate increases with age, depending on the gender of the person. The influence of seasonality on the acceptable level is also observed.

Each type of cholesterol has its own permitted level, the excess of which indicates violations of the body's activity. The average safety parameter for all ages is 5 mmol / l, for low density lipoproteins - 4 mmol / l.

For accurate diagnosis, the atherogenic coefficient is often used, which shows the ratio of total cholesterol to high density lipoproteins. In a healthy person, it is equal to three. If the value is higher than four, then "bad" lipoproteins begin to accumulate on the walls of blood vessels and can lead to serious health problems.

As a rule, the content of "bad" cholesterol increases with age. The norms established by medicine for women are slightly higher than for men, although in the former, the deposition of low-density lipoproteins before the onset of menopause is compensated by the production of estrogens. Also, this indicator rises and may fluctuate with menstrual cycles.

The amount of "good" lipoproteins should not be less than 1 mmol / l.

What is dangerous high cholesterol

Despite the fact that the normal functioning of the human body requires a balance of all types of lipoproteins, in practice there is an imbalance in favor of "bad" cholesterol more often. This leads to the fact that an important building substance turns into an internal dangerous enemy. All human cells are nourished through the blood vessels. Low density lipoproteins begin to build obstacles in the path of blood. Vessels are clogged and damaged. At the site of damage, additional accumulations of cholesterol in the form of plaques appear. Lack of proper nutrition of the organs leads to their diseases. A disease such as atherosclerosis is directly associated with high cholesterol, which, in turn, is the main cause of the following diseases:

As medical practice shows, lowering blood cholesterol can alleviate the general condition of these ailments and prevent irreversible consequences.

Causes and symptoms of high blood cholesterol

There are several theories about what causes cholesterol to rise:

genetic predisposition;
accompanying illnesses;
Lifestyle.

Heredity and genetic predisposition

Research confirms that children with a history of severe atherosclerosis are more likely to develop similar diseases, regardless of lifestyle. Often there are situations in which the pathological features of the structure of the internal organs contribute to disorders in the blood vessels.

Accompanying illnesses

High cholesterol is provoked by impaired functioning of the kidneys, liver, pancreas, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hypothyroidism. Also, long-term treatment with certain medications (hormonal drugs, immunosuppressants, etc.) causes a side effect of the growth of "bad" lipoproteins.

Wrong lifestyle

The main factors in the onset of premature blockage of blood vessels include modern bad habits and unbalanced nutrition:

Symptoms of high cholesterol

It is almost impossible to recognize high cholesterol, the causes of which are diverse, at an early stage. The symptomatology of an increase in the content of bad lipoproteins is quite complicated, since it manifests itself already with developed diseases. In addition, the symptoms are often similar to those of other ailments. The most accurate diagnosis can only be a periodic clinical analysis. Otherwise, you can find out about high cholesterol after a stroke or heart attack. Atherosclerosis is an internal disease. Conditions in which it is worth thinking about cholesterol are the following:

heart pain;
chronic pain in the legs, even with a slight load.

External signs of high cholesterol are rather stingy:

xanthomas are white dots under the skin on the eyelids;
early gray hair is a sign of a high content of low density lipoproteins;
a sharp drop in vision (more than two diopters);
decrease in potency in men;
the appearance of nets of varicose veins and hemorrhoids.

All of these symptoms can be caused by other causes, except for xanthoma - cholesterol accumulations under the top layer of the skin.

How to treat high cholesterol

There are two approaches to lower blood cholesterol: medication and prophylaxis.

medical

With this method, doctors prescribe drugs to lower cholesterol - statins. Statins reduce the production of cholesterol by the liver. These drugs reduce the chance of heart attacks, but have numerous serious side effects.

Statins should be taken by people who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease. In this case, there will be more benefit than harm from the use of these drugs. They reduce cholesterol and reduce inflammation in the heart area. The drugs work as follows:

several times reduce the frequency of heart attacks;
prevent ischemic stroke;
stop the development of atherosclerosis;
thin the blood, dilate blood vessels, relieve their inflammation.

Although in severe cases statins can extend life by several years, their use can be accompanied by severe side effects:

muscle inflammation;
amnesia:
hepatic disorders;
insomnia, headache, dizziness;
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
congestive heart failure.

To reduce side effects, doctors prescribe the drug "Coenzyme Q10".

Preventive method for lowering cholesterol

To lower the level of "bad" cholesterol helps lifestyle changes: the rejection of bad habits and the selection of a healthy diet. Numerous studies have shown the effectiveness of moderate exercise on cholesterol balance. In addition, swimming, light jogging, walking improve impaired blood circulation, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, and contribute to the outflow of venous blood.

Improves the general condition of the body quitting smoking and alcoholic beverages. Removes inflammation and congestion. Therapeutic exercise helps to get rid of excess weight. The fact is that the accumulated adipose tissue is served precisely by “bad” lipoproteins, which are produced by the liver in large quantities for this.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can be both the prevention of atherosclerosis at an early stage, and alleviate symptoms in advanced forms.

What removes cholesterol from the body

Many people are interested in how to remove cholesterol from the body through diet. Since about 25% of cholesterol enters the body with food, it is possible to increase the concentration of "good" lipoproteins with the help of fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grains. They are rich in fiber, which removes excess cholesterol from cells. In order for fiber to perform its detoxifying activity, a lot of fluid is required, so doctors advise providing yourself with clean water in the amount of at least two liters per day.

One of the effective plants in the fight against atherosclerosis is garlic. It is rich in allicin, a strong antioxidant that makes the walls of blood vessels elastic and removes excess "bad" lipid. Traditional medicine for these purposes uses recipes based on plantain, dill, cucumber seeds, horse chestnut, hawthorn.

Regular drinking of green tea leads to the same positive effect.

Vitamin B3, contained in wholemeal bread, whole grains, yeast, mushrooms, reduces the amount of low-density lipoproteins and increases the amount of "good" lipoproteins. Vitamin C reduces arterial permeability, improves metabolism, normalizes cholesterol balance.

How to eat with high cholesterol

The basis of a healthy diet is the use of a large amount of plant foods. It is necessary to gradually reduce the consumption of animal fats, to abandon dishes that contain saturated fats: processed foods and fast food. They clog the blood vessels with harmful substances. Replace them with seafood that protects the circulatory system from destruction. You should also limit the consumption of sugar and confectionery, switch to vegetable oil: sunflower, linseed, olive. Experts also note the benefits of nuts, advising to use different types daily.

A complete rejection of pork, duck, butter, sausages and sausages dramatically lowers cholesterol levels. It is useful to include seaweed in the menu, which thins the blood and prevents thrombosis. Phospholipids, found in large quantities in legumes, combine with "good" lipoproteins and enhance the healing effect.

A person who has healthy eating habits will not have to think about how to get rid of cholesterol.

Supplements That Fight Cholesterol

Some doctors recommend including dietary supplements (BAA) in the cholesterol diet, which have few side effects and are made on a natural basis. They gently normalize the level of "bad" lipoprotein in the circulatory system, do not have a harmful effect on the liver with prolonged use. Dietary supplements block enzymes that increase cholesterol. It should be noted that supplements cannot compensate for bad habits in nutrition and lifestyle, they only supplement the main therapeutic measures. The following are popular:

"Seaweed Optima". Removes waste products from the body.
Antioxidant Argillavit. Removes radionuclides, normalizes cholesterol, acts as a sorbent.
"Fibropect lemon prunes". Clears atherosclerotic plaques, reduces the content of low density lipoproteins.
Vita Taurine. Normalizes sugar, prevents the formation of plaques.
Lecithin Granules. Natural source of phospholipids.
"Artemisin". Indicated for diabetes and high cholesterol.
"Chitosan Evalar". Blocks the production of "bad" lipoproteins.

Lowering cholesterol levels is only one of the effects on the whole range of diseases that this process is caused by. It is important to realize that medicine fights the symptoms. disease of the twenty-first century. It is easier to prevent the disease than to eliminate its symptoms later. Modern powerful drugs can dramatically reduce the amount of cholesterol in the body, but at the same time, new unexpected violations of human functioning appear. Many questions are still waiting to be answered. It can only be unequivocally stated that preventive measures from an early age and periodic medical supervision will help to postpone vascular diseases for a longer period.

High cholesterol can happen at any age. How to deal with LDL (low density lipoprotein)? How to eat a varied diet and how long to stick to a diet?

High cholesterol clogs artery walls

HDL and LDL - what does it mean

cholesterol (cholesterol)- one of the building elements of the human body, as well as the first enemy of blood vessels. It is transported to the cells in a protein compound - lipoprotein.

There are several types of them:

High density lipoproteins (HDL). This is the "good" cholesterol. Predominantly a protein compound with a low cholesterol content, which is able to transport free bad cholesterol for processing by the liver. The latter moves through the circulatory system, settling on the walls of blood vessels. It takes part in metabolism, the production of bile acids, hormones, promotes the formation of cell membranes. In a healthy body, HDL dominates over other types of lipoproteins.
Low density lipoproteins (LDL). With an excess of LDL, bad cholesterol clogs the lumen of blood vessels, atherosclerosis develops, and pressure problems begin.

Low density lipoproteins negatively affect the walls of blood vessels

In an adult, there is no exact level of cholesterol in the exact figure. It is individual, but should fluctuate within the allowable segment of the maximum and minimum. Every 5 years of life, the norm for men and women changes. A special leap is characteristic of the age after 40 years: the hormonal background contributes.

What does high cholesterol mean?

When HDL and the liver can't keep up with the growing amount of LDL, health problems begin. What does it rise from?

The growth of LDL in most cases is not an independent disease, but a consequence of serious disorders in the body. The result of a malfunction of systems or organs, bad habits, an unhealthy way of life.

The causes of high cholesterol are:

hypertension;
liver or kidney disease;
diabetes;
hypothyroidism;
problems with the pancreas, including pancreatitis;
a diet lacking in fibrous foods or unsaturated fats;
smoking, alcoholism;
hereditary diseases (eg, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia);
obesity, overweight;
nephrosis;
pregnancy;
the influence of medications, hormonal drugs;
chronic age-related diseases (cardiovascular, digestive);
improper nutrition.

Overweight people are more likely to suffer from high cholesterol

An abundance of fatty animal products, fried foods, sweet and fast food is an inexhaustible source of bad cholesterol. The amount of LDL in one in such a dish exceeds the norm at times. For example, an omelette of 2 eggs is called a cholesterol "bomb", because it contains a weekly norm of bad cholesterol!

The prerequisites for LDL jumps are advanced age and hormonal imbalance. So in men, an increase in cholesterol occurs at the age of over 35 years, in women - after menopause.

Almost every person has trivial reasons for predisposition:

immobility;
sedentary work;
poor quality food;
binge eating;
no outdoor cardio.

In older people, metabolism and tissue regeneration slow down, which is why they are at risk of increasing LDL. Nutrition should be reviewed so that excess yellow matter does not saturate the body from the outside.

Symptoms of high cholesterol

A person does not feel any signs of high cholesterol. The disease progresses without symptoms.

Chronically high LDL is indirectly expressed by:

absent-mindedness, memory impairment;
pain in the legs;
pressing, pulling pains in the chest, heart;
high pressure surges;
early menopause.

With atherosclerosis, the excess of LDL is so great that it happens on the moving eyelid that yellowish nodules are visible - accumulations of cholesterol in the vessels.

With an excess of LDL, yellow formations appear on the eyelids

What is dangerous high cholesterol

The consequences are the most severe. The circulatory system can no longer fully pump blood. The diameter of the vessel narrows, the walls are plastered with cholesterol and do not receive nutrition from the bloodstream. This makes them thin, weak and inelastic. Organs in the way of blockage suffer from a lack of oxygen, nutrition and blood circulation.

The cholesterol layer thickens, forming plaques with blood clots, which did not manage to advance through the narrow channel of the vessel.

Hence tissue ischemia and other irreversible disorders:

myocardial infarction;
brain stroke;
chronic hypertension;
thrombosis, thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities;
sexual dysfunction in men;
heart disease;
circulatory disorders in the brain.

Elevated cholesterol can cause myocardial infarction

What to do with high cholesterol

High cholesterol can be treated, but slowly. The first and fundamental step of cleansing therapy: the patient will have to monitor his own nutrition for a long time, and even for life.

Folk recipes will help clean the vessels. Mostly herbal teas, infusions that strengthen blood vessels, give them elasticity.

Medicines contribute to the liquefaction of plaques, layers and the removal of LDL from the body.

Drug treatment

Medical treatment is varied and effective. Minus: many side effects, often the patient suffers from gastrointestinal disorders during the course of treatment.

Groups of drugs for high cholesterol:

Statins. Medicines do not allow the production of enzymes that are involved in the synthesis of cholesterol. Its quantity can be reduced by 50-60%. Mevacor, Lexor and Baikol are the most common in such therapy.
fibrates. Fibric acid drugs reduce the production of cholesterol, that is, they affect the liver. Reduce the amount of lipids in the blood. Of these, Taykolor, Lipantil, Lipanor are prescribed.
Preparations for poor digestibility of cholesterol in the intestine. An adjuvant to reduce the ingestion of cholesterol with food. The effect is insignificant, because little of the substance enters with food intake. By practicing diet and similar medications, the ability to replenish the body with LDL is nullified. One of the popular appointments is Ezetrol.
Vitamins and oils, dietary supplements. Slightly, but give the effect of reducing Omega 3, lipoic, folic, nicotinic acid, flax oil, preparations with fish oil.

Lipantil contains fibroic acid

How to treat folk remedies

Alternative medicine knows many ways of treatment. These are long courses of home remedies and are not suitable for people with severely elevated cholesterol levels. Well suited for prevention and paired with drugs.

Flax-seed

How to use:

Grind the seed in a coffee grinder to a powder state.
A tablespoon of dry powder is eaten in the morning before meals and washed down with plenty of clean water. For convenience and viscosity, medicines can be sprinkled with water to make it easier to swallow. Start eating after 30-40 minutes.
The course is 3-4 months without breaks.

Flaxseed Helps Lower Cholesterol

Lemons, honey and garlic

For 1 kg of lemons, there are 200 g of honey and 2 heads of garlic. Lemons are ground together with the peel. Use a plastic grater, for example. The contact of lemons and metal reduces the amount of beneficial enzymes.

Garlic, Lemon, and Honey Are Easy Cholesterol Remedies

Garlic is crushed into crumbs, mixed with honey and gruel of lemons. Store in glass, in the refrigerator.

Reception for 1-2 tbsp. l. before eating.

A third of a glass of dried linden flowers is thrown into 1 liter of boiling water. Do not boil, but cover with a lid, wrap with a towel and let it brew for 20-30 minutes. Drink instead of tea, preferably without sugar.

Be careful, it lowers the pressure!

Linden tea lowers cholesterol but lowers blood pressure

Diet

About 70% of all cholesterol is produced by the body itself. That is, the daily rate of natural growth of a substance is 5 g. Only 30% come into the body with food - about 1.5 g. Medicine has proven that strict cholesterol-free diets only exacerbate the problem of high LDL: the body produces the substance in even greater volumes on its own “in reserve”. It is recommended to stick to moderation in eating and give preference to natural products.

What to eat with high cholesterol

Baked, boiled, stewed, steamed dishes are affordable ways to prepare a diet menu.

What products should you pay attention to:

carbohydrates - bread, cereals, pasta;
fruits and vegetables - all without exception, citruses are especially useful;
legumes and nuts;
fermented milk products - with a minimum fat content of 1%, not more;
protein food - white poultry meat without skin, red meat without fat, white sea fish;
sugar - no more than 50 g per day, it is better to replace with fruit.

With high cholesterol, it is useful to eat a lot of vegetables and fruits.

List of prohibited products

Things to forget:

fried, fatty foods;
spices and any flavor enhancers;
smoked meats, dried meat;
fish caviar;
animal by-products;
canned food;
fast food;
animal fats and all cooking oils;
eggs - you can 1-2 pieces per week, if you exclude the yolks, then without restrictions;
fatty dairy products, delicacy aged cheeses;
sweet pastry, puff pastry.

Fast food is contraindicated for high cholesterol

Sample menu for the day

Follow fractional and frequent meals in small portions. 4-5 meals a day.

High cholesterol is a health hazard. It is necessary to reduce it, since many methods have been developed for this purpose - conservative and folk.

cholesterol in the body

Cholesterol is a substance made up of fats which is essential for the functioning of the human body. Without cholesterol, the functioning of the cells of most tissues is impossible, because it is a component of their membranes. Also, the substance is part of the nervous tissue, helps to synthesize hormones and vitamins. It is a mistake to think that we get all the cholesterol from food. In fact, only 20% of it comes from outside, the other 80% is synthesized by the liver.

Formed daily in the body up to 5 g of fat-like substance, most of it is spent. With various disorders, hyperlipidemia occurs - the level of cholesterol rises, and it "travels" through the blood in the form of lipoproteins (compounds of proteins and lipids). They are of three types, the characteristics are reflected in the table.

Name	Compound	Fraction density, g/ml	Particle size, nm	Function
High density lipoproteins - "good" cholesterol	Protein, phospholipids, cholesterol, few triglycerides.	1,064-1,200	8-11	Cleansing vessels from fat, transferring it to the liver and processing
Low density lipoproteins - "bad" cholesterol	A lot of cholesterol, triglycerides, little protein, phospholipids	1,020-1,063	18-26	Delivery of cholesterol to different systems of the body, with an excess - deposition inside the vessels
Very low density lipoproteins	Many triglycerides, minimal amount of protein, cholesterol, phospholipids	0,960-1,006	30-80	Transfer from the liver of all constituent fats, with an increase in the level affects the heart and coronary vessels

Reasons for high cholesterol

For men and women, the norm of cholesterol is less than 5.2 mmol / l. If it is elevated, there is a high risk of atherosclerosis - the accumulation of lipids on the inner lining of the arteries. Most often, its level rises after 50 years, when metabolic processes slow down. The indicator can remain consistently high even at a young age if there is a hereditary predisposition, familial or polygenic hyperlipidemia.

People with the following diseases and conditions are more likely to have high cholesterol levels:

kidney disease - renal failure, chronic glomerulonephritis;
arterial hypertension;
various types of metabolic disorders, especially diabetes mellitus;
liver pathology - cirrhosis, hepatitis, fatty degeneration;
diseases of the pancreas (tumors, pancreatitis);
hypothyroidism and other hormonal disorders;
pregnancy;
obesity;
taking hormonal drugs.

There are also such causes of problems with cholesterol levels as smoking, alcoholism, lack of physical activity. High cholesterol in women, the causes and treatment of which have to be checked with a specialist, often comes from from the abuse of "hungry" diets, because metabolic processes suffer greatly from the lack of fat intake.

In men, overeating fatty foods and bad habits are the main provocateurs of high cholesterol levels.

Signs of abnormal lipid levels

Actually, high cholesterol in the blood does not give symptoms, but its long existence leads to the development of a number of unpleasant signs and complications. So, a person can notice such changes in his body:

pain in the heart, tachycardia, regular angina attacks;
damage to the vessels of the legs, pain in the legs, heaviness and fatigue;
shortness of breath, exercise intolerance;
yellow spots on the whites of the eyes, moderate yellowing of the skin.

If signs appear, it is necessary to go to the doctor and undergo a laboratory diagnosis of the state of lipid metabolism. If you do not find out the causes of high cholesterol for a long time, how to reduce this figure, complications may develop.

An increase in bad cholesterol is fraught with consequences such as atherosclerosis of the vessels of the heart, brain. Against the background of narrowing of the arteries, coronary heart disease develops, a heart attack is possible. If the cholesterol plaque breaks off, the risk of stroke is high.

To normalize the level of lipids, various drug, non-drug methods are used, as well as treatment with folk remedies. It is important to give up bad habits, start practicing physical activity. By the way, alcohol only when abused becomes a risk factor for hyperlipidemia. In small quantities, dry red wine even lowers cholesterol, but not everyone can consume it.

The first thing the doctor will advise when identifying abnormalities in the analyzes is a change in lifestyle.

Physical exercises will help the body to lower the risen cholesterol, normalize body weight. It turns out that playing sports removes fats that come with food, does not allow them to linger in the blood and settle on the vessels. It is those who play sports from a young age that have a very low risk of developing atherosclerosis. Even regular exercises in the morning and feasible exercises at home help to strengthen muscles and blood vessels, preventing lipids from reducing their elasticity and strength.

high cholesterol diet

Simply replacing black tea with green tea helps reduce harmful lipoproteins by 15%. From the same drink, the level of good cholesterol increases, therefore, the protection of blood vessels increases. There are a number of other products that must be in the human diet - thanks to them, triglycerides will not have a chance to accumulate in the body:

Omega 3-9 fatty acids. There are many of them in fish, vegetable oils, nuts. Only 10-20 g of almonds, hazelnuts, walnuts per day, and the vessels will begin to work more efficiently.
Vegetables, fruits, any plant food. The abundance of fiber helps to cope with fats, prevents them from depositing in the arteries.
Whole grain cereals. They work similarly to vegetables and fruits, remove excess fat, acting like a sponge.

Refuse food should be from fried foods, fast food, fatty meats, cheeses, too fatty dairy products. It is not necessary to completely exclude meat - without proteins, the body will suffer, as a result, metabolic disorders will occur.

Medicines to normalize cholesterol

In some cases, a simple change in diet and the introduction of physical activity into the lifestyle with excess lipids in the blood will not cope. Then the person is prescribed the intake of special drugs. Most often they are statins, their intake should be long and continuous.

Statins in the body reduce the production of enzymes that are involved in the production of cholesterol. A full course of statins reduces the risk of heart attack, angina pectoris, and cardiac ischemia.

It has been proven that drinking fresh juices, both vegetable and fruit, is important in the fight against hyperlipidemia.

Good cholesterol against the background of such treatment increases, while these drugs do not carry a carcinogenic or mutagenic effect. However, statins are not a panacea, and their side effects can affect the function of the reproductive, nervous system. The most popular drugs from the statin group are as follows:

crestor;
rosuvastin;
mertenil;
choletar;
cardiostatin;
atomax;
vasilip;
owencor.

All drugs in this group are divided into drugs of 4 generations. The first includes funds based on lovastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin. With a long course, in parallel with lowering cholesterol, they remove vascular spasm, treat hypertension. Second-generation drugs are based on fluvastatin, but it is not popular among medical prescriptions due to the presence of side effects. The third generation atorvastatin tablets are safe and very often recommended for patients. Fourth-generation drugs with rosuvastatin are expensive, but are well tolerated by patients and have virtually no side effects and complications.

As an alternative to statins, preparations based on Omega-3 acids, the drug Tykveol from pumpkin seeds, drugs with lipoic acid, vitamin complexes, squalene, amaranth oil can serve.

Folk methods for lowering cholesterol

To normalize the level of lipids in the body, you can use the following recipes:

Mix a glass of fresh honey with a glass of dill seeds, add powdered valerian root (a tablespoon) to the mass. Pour this mixture with 1 liter of boiling water, leave on the table for a day. After storing the infusion in the refrigerator, drink it daily in a tablespoon three times / day. The course is a month.
Add to food three times a day, a teaspoon of flax seeds. You can use them for no longer than a month.
Dressing all salads with cold-pressed corn oil - it effectively reduces bad cholesterol.
Buy linden flowers, grind them into powder. Brew a teaspoon of linden in a glass of boiling water, take the remedy twice / day for half a glass for 21 days.

Prevention of hyperlipidemia

Having lowered cholesterol in the blood, it is important to further maintain it at the proper level.. To do this, you need to follow a number of simple preventive measures. It has been proven that stress increases fat levels and changes fat metabolism, so you need to exclude unnecessary experiences, with prolonged stress, take special preparations, herbal preparations based on valerian, motherwort, hop cones and other herbs.

Proper nutrition must be maintained even with normal cholesterol in order for the body to work in the right mode. Animal fats should be limited, but not completely eliminated, so that everything is in balance. Smoking cessation, feasible physical activity, exclusion of the abuse of strong drinks and beer will also be a step towards health. You should regularly take an analysis for cholesterol and, if necessary, consult a doctor.

High cholesterol in women: what does it mean and what should be done - in the very first place? Are there any symptoms of this disease (under the medical name: “hypercholesterolemia”)? For what reasons - this disease develops? What are the methods of treatment and is there any prevention (for "insurance" in the future)? All answers to the above / questions posed (from the beautiful half of humanity) can be easily found in this material!

Which cholesterol is high and which is normal?

For a long time, cholesterol was considered the personification of evil all over the world. In fact, all foods containing cholesterol (like criminals) have been outlawed. There was a huge variety of cholesterol diets and TV shows. The main reason why mankind hated cholesterol is atherosclerotic plaques. They were first noticed by American doctors during the autopsy of soldiers (during the Vietnam War / in the 70s).

Scientists have suggested that only plaques (and nothing else) are the cause of a serious disease that disrupts the elasticity and patency of blood vessels, leading to a heart attack, stroke, or gangrene of the extremities. But, over time, it turned out that this disease can develop - and for other reasons. Although, one of the main ones is an excess of conditional “bad” cholesterol. But first things first…

Short video: how are cholesterol plaques formed? (42 sec)

So, with regards to cholesterol itself, the people were soon told that in fact it can be both “good” and “bad”. Further, many people have learned (thanks to cool doctors) that “good” cholesterol is a vital element, a low level of which is no less dangerous than a high level of “bad”. In medical terminology, they are called: and (that is, High and Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol).

By the way, one of the important symptoms of low cholesterol is depression. In addition, if nothing is done about this problem, then in men there is a decrease in potency, and in women there is amenorrhea.

The next, rather serious "breakthrough" in solving this problem was the "start" of the NCEP program (in 1985 / in the USA). That is, the "National Cholesterol Education Program" (National Educational Program for the Study of Cholesterol) administered by the NHLBI (National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute). One of the first discoveries of NCEP is the "normal" change in the norm of blood cholesterol in men and women, depending on AGE.

That is, over the years, these norms change (“decrease” or “increase”). And they are considered “normal” values. And this is due to many factors. For example, elevated cholesterol levels in years are explained by physiological changes in the body caused by menopause / menopause. In general, for young girls and older women, cholesterol standards are different (look at them). Similarly, for men - everything changes over the years.

Symptoms of high cholesterol (table)

To begin with, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the indirect and obvious signs of high cholesterol. Indirect, because they can signal - and a host of other health problems. Obvious, because it is these phenomena that specifically point to our problem.

Indirect signs

Vessels of the brain:	Venous system of the legs:
lately often suffer from headaches (not a "fresh" head);	there were pains in the muscles (when walking), cramps at night (or in the morning);
at night, excruciating insomnia haunts (up to a headache);	recently your toes have become often numb;
frequent dizziness, which is accompanied by "darkening" in the eyes;	feet often "freeze" (at moments of rest);
You have noticed some violations in the coordination of movements (things do not "hold" in the hands);	skin color has changed (trophic ulcers have appeared);
memory deterioration (difficulty concentrating on thoughts/everyday tasks).	excessively "swollen" veins (you did not notice this before).

Obvious signs

They usually appear already at a severe / advanced stage of the disease.

xanthelasma:

(eyes formed on the eyelids (most often, closer to the bridge of the nose) - “nodules” of an unpleasant dirty / yellow color, increase in size over time / new ones appear);

lipoid corneal arch

(most common in smokers (both men and women) under the age of 50, but by and large - is age / hereditary).


lipoid arc (photo)	xanthelasma (photo)

High cholesterol - causes (list)

Heredity

Medical names: hereditary hypercholesterolemia, familial dysbetalipoproteinemia and others. Determined by genetic analysis. The thing is that if one of the parents has such a problem as high cholesterol in the blood, the chances of inheriting it grow in the range from 30 to 70%. This is due to the fact that "bad" / defective genes, as a rule, are DOMINANT in nature. Especially for suspicious women, we declare that in most cases nature acts fairly. That is, we inherit more good than bad!

Diseases

This includes both pathologies and previously transferred diseases. First of all, these are liver diseases: acute / chronic hepatitis (another name: jaundice), as well as other ailments leading to obstruction of the bile ducts. Next come: diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic pancreatitis, kidney "sores", hypertension, coronary heart disease, etc. The list is large, so the exact reason (because of which a woman’s cholesterol is high) can only be found out by a doctor, according to the results of tests and diagnostics. And, most importantly, THERE SHOULD BE PRESCRIBED THE TREATMENT - ONLY THE DOCTOR!

Improper nutrition

Elevated cholesterol in girls 25-30 years old may well be caused by HARMFUL SNACKS (or stress relief with “sweets” from the store). In women over 40 years old (especially working ones) - a change in the level of cholesterol in the blood can also be associated with harmful "cafe" food (fast foods, hamburgers, pizza or other "sandwiches" for a lunch break). Here it is definitely worth noting that to solve this problem, you need a healthy BALANCE and a well-thought-out (DIETITIC) menu! Since it is STRICTLY forbidden to completely refuse many varieties of food containing fats, proteins (and everything else). Ultimately, this is fraught with another - NOT LESS SERIOUS problem, which is detailed in the article:

Bad habits

Smoking (moreover, even passive, with a husband or a girlfriend for company), alcoholism or abuse of strong drinks. There is an opinion that good wine (meaning high-quality and expensive) is an excellent prophylactic against many ailments. It is really beneficial for a woman's health, but with such a problem as high cholesterol, it is not effective. As for high-grade drinks / low-alcohol cocktails or even beer, they should be EXCLUDED for a while - even on the biggest holidays. And even after the final recovery, limit the use to the norm established by specialists - doctors.

Woman's age (especially after 50 - 60 years)

In this case, the main causes of high cholesterol are the unpleasant end of the menopause period (which, in practice, contributes to a significant increase in bad LDL cholesterol and, as a result, rapid weight gain). Next come: emotional stress (worries about adult children, about the upcoming retirement and much more), a not very active lifestyle (for example, compared to how it was in my younger years), as well as an unbalanced diet (we eat more what is DELICIOUS, not what is HEALTHY).

Sedentary lifestyle - hypodynamia

As a rule, women have “SEDENTIAL” WORK”, plus, modern people also prefer “sedentary” leisure (in front of the computer: social networks, games, etc.). Hence the problems in the "stagnant" blood (moreover, the most harmful - low-density lipoproteins). High cholesterol in women in this case will help to contain: a moderate / sparing diet (mandatory, approved / recommended by a doctor) and regular exercise. The ideal option is to sign up for a pool or a morning jog. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the organism.

Pregnancy

High blood cholesterol in pregnant women can be observed in the second or third trimester. During this important period of life, the level can rise by at least 15%. But you shouldn't worry too much! In this case, moderate hypercholesterolemia will not “result” into serious diseases or the development of any pathological changes in the cardiovascular system. The high level of lipids is due to the intensive production of good cholesterol in the liver for the needs of the baby.

Menstrual cycle

According to some features of the synthesis of fatty alcohols, under the increased influence of estrogens (female sex hormones), in the first half of the cycle, cholesterol levels can “jump” by as much as 10%. But this is considered a physiological norm - there is no reason for concern. Next comes the decline. According to experts, elevated levels of lipoproteins can be observed in the second half of the cycle, but already much lower (5 - 8%).

Other causes of high cholesterol

Lack of proper rest / psychological problems, change of seasons / seasons of the year, as well as long-term medication (with side effects). Particularly harmful are the "pills" that women "prescribe" to themselves (according to magazine or newspaper articles).

The treatment itself is life-threatening! Protect yourself from stupid things.

High cholesterol - what to do, how to treat?

This question will be best answered by a qualified medical worker, as a rule, after passing tests and a careful examination / questioning / study of concomitant diseases. Usually, the first person to inform the patient about the problem of high cholesterol in the blood is the district physician. Further, depending on the circumstances, he can refer you to other specialists (you can find a detailed list of them). For example, to an endocrinologist or a gastroenterologist, but most often - directly to a cardiologist.

Doctor's consultation

Drug treatment is most often applicable in severe cases. In order to know exactly how to treat high cholesterol in a woman or a man, it is necessary to find out the root cause (to identify the root of the problem, not to pluck the “berries” endlessly). To begin with (even with a "slightly" running form), the doctor will advise you:

Follow a diet.

And with high cholesterol for women over 50 - 60 years old, table number 10 can be prescribed. On our website, you can familiarize yourself with the main nuances. On other pages you can find out: which products, and which (on the contrary) it (and spoil health, in general).

Physical exercise.

Individually according to age and physiological characteristics of the body. For young women, the best solution would be morning jogging, for the older generation - a swimming pool, for the elderly - mandatory walks in the fresh air (every day, at least an hour, at least five kilometers, preferably in the park).

Rejection of bad habits.

Unfortunately, many modern women smoke and love good wines.

Will prescribe medicines.

As stated above, only under dire/serious circumstances. Usually this is (a special group of drugs that block the work of a special enzyme responsible for the production of cholesterol in the liver). Or inhibitors - preventing the absorption of lipids in the intestine.

Strict observance of the new rules of life

Create a new menu.

To understand what exactly should be included in it, and what needs to be excluded, you can find the links:

Some of the "pleasures of life" (fried foods) will have to be abandoned forever in order to prolong their years of life. And this is quite serious! From other products - give up temporarily until the high level of cholesterol in the blood drops to normal.

Change your daily routine.

Include in it physical exercises, walks in the fresh air, sign up for a fitness club, a swimming pool, get a garden / cottage. It all depends on age. Modern scientists have found that even good music (mostly classical) can also lower cholesterol levels.

You need to start this business “not from Monday” or “tomorrow”, but right now!

Regular examination

In order to control high / low cholesterol, it is necessary to do a special biochemical blood test at least once every 5-6 years -. This event is especially important for people suffering from hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease. And also mandatory for overweight women (), smokers and leading a "sedentary" lifestyle (after all, women's work is mostly "sedentary"). At the slightest deviation from the norm, you should immediately consult a doctor!