Pentoxifylline for atrial fibrillation. Pentaxim - instructions for use
Pentaxim- vaccine for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, infection caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate).
Pharmacological properties
The drug belongs to the group of combined immunobiological substances, which is intended for the prevention of five infections - tetanus, the causative agent of which is an anaerobic bacillus, whooping cough (an acute anthroponotic airborne bacterial infection), diphtheria, poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenzae infection type b.
The vaccine contains purified diphtheria and pertussis toxoids, the administration of which, if carried out in accordance with the treatment regimen indicated in the instructions, contributes to the formation of specific immunity that protects against infection with diphtheria and whooping cough.
The vaccine contains tetanus toxoid adsorbed on an aluminum gel obtained by inactivating the toxin with formaldehyde.
The inactivated component of polio contains antigens of three types of the virus, and the vaccine also contains polysaccharides of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Haemophilus influenzae - abbreviated as Hib).
Indications for use
The immunobiological drug is effective for active primary immunization and revaccination of infants and children aged 2 months and older against diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio and hemophilic infections caused by Hib.
The vaccine is used in accordance with the official recommendations of regulatory documents for immunization for the prevention of infectious diseases issued by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine.
Vaccine Pentaxim does not protect against other species of Haemophilus influenzae.
Mode of application
Typically, vaccination and revaccination are carried out with a single administration of one dose of the drug (0.5 ml). The drug is administered intramuscularly into the upper thigh in newborns and into the deltoid muscle of the shoulder in children over 1 year of age.
The vaccination course consists of three vaccinations, a total of 3 doses of 0.5 ml each are administered. Interval – 4-6 weeks.
The vaccine does not protect against other species of Haemophilus influenzae or meningitis caused by other pathogens.
In case of anaphylactic shock, the patient is monitored for half an hour after the injection. The room in which vaccination is carried out must be provided with drugs for anti-shock therapy.
Intravenous and intradermal administration is prohibited!
Contraindications
Does not apply if the patient has hypersensitivity (allergy) to one of the components that make up the drug.
In particular, anaphylactic reactions to drugs containing diphtheria, tetanus toxoid and pertussis vaccine have previously been observed.
It is also contraindicated if the patient is diagnosed with:
- encephalopathy (coma, impaired consciousness, convulsions) for a week after vaccination, while the drug contained a pertussis component;
- progressive, uncontrolled neurological diseases, epilepsy;
- acute infectious and non-infectious diseases, exacerbations of chronic diseases - as temporary contraindications (vaccination is carried out during the stage of remission of the disease or after it has passed);
- anaphylactic reactions in the past to any vaccine or one of its components;
- ARVI, intestinal diseases, other diseases characterized by an increase in temperature (in this case, the vaccine is given after recovery or after the temperature has dropped to normal limits).
HIV infection is not a contraindication for immunization with this vaccine.
Not for use in children over 5 years of age.
Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding
This vaccine is not used for women of childbearing age.
Side effects
When administering a vaccine, pain often occurs at the injection site, which usually goes away within 3 days.
The most common side effects are:
- fatigue (in children);
- headache (in adolescents and adults);
- temperature rise to 38°C;
- pain, swelling, redness at the injection site;
- collaptoid state in case of an allergic reaction to the administration of the drug, Quincke's edema;
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
- anorexia;
- myalgia, muscle weakness;
- swelling of the joints;
- general malaise, sleep disturbances;
- feeling of chills, shortness of breath, cough, bronchitis;
- apnea (occurs in premature babies);
- skin rash, urticaria;
- enlarged lymph nodes in the armpits;
- anaphylactic shock.
If any unusual side effects occur as a result of taking this drug, you should contact your doctor about possible changes to your treatment regimen.
Storage conditions
Shelf life: no more than 3 years.
Store in a dry place, out of reach of children, at a temperature not lower than 2 and not exceeding 8 ° C.
Release form
It is produced in the form of an injection suspension with a volume of 0.5 milliliters per dose and 1 dose of Hib lyophilisate, which are mixed before use.
Compound
The main active ingredients are immunobiological components - diphtheria toxoid (at least 30 IU in 1 dose), pertussis toxoid (25 mcg in 1 dose), tetanus toxoid (at least 40 IU in 1 dose), inactivated poliovirus of 3 types (40, 8 and 32 D-units per dose, respectively), filamentous hemagglutinin (25 mcg per dose), pertactin (8 mcg), capsular polysaccharide conjugate, Hib (10 mcg), covalently bound to tetanus toxoid adsorbed (18-30 mcg ).
Auxiliary components - sucrose, trometamol, sodium hydroxide or acetic acid, glucose, formaldehyde, phenoxyethanol, traces of neomycin, streptomycin, etc.
After the birth of a child, parents, in addition to the pleasant moments associated with the birth of a baby, face other difficulties. Prevention of infectious diseases is a planned mandatory issue that should concern mom and dad. But you not only need to bring your child to the clinic in a timely manner, you need to find out more about what vaccines are administered to the child and what, if necessary, can replace them.
Which vaccine should be preferred when preventing whooping cough, diphtheria and tetanus - the domestic DTP drug or its imported analogue? And if the choice fell on an imported vaccine, then which one is better - Pentaxim or Infanrix? How to choose if there are so many options? To better understand which vaccine is better to replace DTP - Pentaxim or Infanrix, let's look at each of these drugs in more detail.
Features of the Infanrix vaccine
The main purpose of the drug is prevention against tetanus, diphtheria and whooping cough. Infanrix contains the necessary components for this:
- tetanus toxoid (40 IU);
- diphtheria toxoid (30 IU);
- three purified pertussis antigens (25 mcg) that cause the most severe symptoms during the development of the disease.
In addition to the active ingredients, the Infanrix vaccine also includes excipients:
This seemingly complex composition provides protection against all of the above diseases and practically does not cause complications.
What else is important to know about Infanrix? This is an acellular vaccine, which means it is highly purified. Unlike conventional drugs, this one is much easier to tolerate. Infanrix can be administered to children from three months of age.
The vaccine manufacturer is GlaxoSmithKline (Great Britain). The same manufacturer has an improved version of the vaccine - Infanrix Hexa, supplemented with protection against hepatitis B, polio and Haemophilus influenzae infection.
Features of the Pentaxim vaccine
This drug has a wider spectrum of action, since it is filled with additional substances. Pentaxim, like DTP and Infanrix, protects against tetanus, diphtheria and whooping cough. But in addition, this drug helps protect the baby from three types of polio. This vaccine is also used from three months.
"Pentaxim" consists of a suspension, which includes:
- diphtheria (30 IU), tetanus (40 IU) and pertussis (25 mcg) toxoids;
- hemagglutinin filamentous;
- inactivated types 1, 2 and 3 of the polio virus.
The vaccine also contains excipients:
- aluminum hydroxide;
- Hanks medium;
- formaldehyde;
- phenoxyethanol;
- water for injections;
- acetic acid or sodium chloride.
Additionally, Pentaxim contains a lyophilisate for preparing a suspension - Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide. That is, “Pentaxim” also protects against diseases caused by Haemophilus influenzae.
The manufacturer of the drug is the French company Sanofi Pasteur.
The Pentaxim vaccine is, in fact, an “improved” version of Infanrix. It differs not only in protective substances, but also in other fillers and stabilizers. The differences are significant for those who have had a reaction to one of the components.
Which vaccine is better, Pentaxim or Infanrix? Each is good in its own way; it’s difficult to evaluate them after knowing only the composition.
What vaccines help with
The main purpose of Infanrix and Pentaxim is protection against infectious diseases. What ailments are prevented by Infanrix and Pentaxim?
Is it possible to replace the familiar DPT vaccine with the imported Pentaxim or Infanrix vaccine? - yes, each of these foreign drugs can replace domestic ones. But only on a paid basis, because foreign vaccines are more expensive.
What are the features of the Infanrix and Pentaxim vaccines?
Features of the Pentaxim and Infanrix vaccination scheme
The Infanrix vaccine is administered three times - at 3 months, 4.5 and 6 months. That is, the intervals between administration of the drug are 1.5 months. Then at 18 months, revaccination is carried out. This administration provides almost 100% protection against diphtheria, whooping cough and tetanus.
The standard Pentaxim vaccination is also three times, starting from three months. Subsequent vaccinations should be given no earlier than 1–2 months later. Revaccination is also done at one and a half years.
If the schedule is violated, Pentaxim can be used a little differently:
- from 6 to 12 months, the first and second vaccines are administered as usual, and the third is done without diluting the lyophilisate, revaccination is carried out with the full preparation;
- after a year, the first vaccination is carried out with the full preparation, all subsequent administrations are done without protection against Haemophilus influenzae.
Is it possible to do Pentaxim after Infanrix? Many drugs containing defense cells against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough are interchangeable. But in this case there are some peculiarities, since the vaccines differ in content and therefore you will have to adhere to the vaccination schedule, because additional protection against Haemophilus influenzae cannot be administered after a year. In case of forced replacement, if there is no other drug, it is important to consult with your doctor about the specifics of administration. For the same reason, revaccination with Pentaxim after Infanrix should only take place after communication with a specialist.
Which vaccine to choose
What is the difference between Pentaxim and Infanrix, which is better to choose for vaccinating a child?
Advantages of Infanrix:
- like DTP, Infanrix protects against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough, but is better tolerated;
- in some regions the price is 2 times lower than for the Pentaxim vaccine;
- it is convenient to use.
Advantages of Pentaxim:
- also protects against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough, but plus has additional protection against polio and Haemophilus influenzae, which is convenient - you don’t need to do several vaccinations at once;
- convenient dosing and administration system - all in one syringe;
- after use, a minimal number of reactions are observed;
- The drug can be administered to children with irregular vaccination schedules.
Which is better - Pentaxim or Infanrix Hexa? It all depends on the situation. Infanrix Hexa has more indications for use. Both vaccines are equally well tolerated, have few contraindications, and body reactions to administration are rare.
So, which vaccine should you prefer instead of the domestic DTP - Infanrix or Pentaxim? A complete analogue of the DPT vaccine is Infanrix, so if parents have the financial opportunity to buy an imported drug for their child with a minimum number of complications and side effects, then it is better to do so. Instead of DTP, you can also choose the Pentaxim vaccine, but since it has additional protection against polio and Haemophilus influenzae, you will need to take this into account in your individual vaccination schedule. Otherwise, both of these drugs are interchangeable, so the choice here is more on the side of parents than doctors.
Source: privivku.ru
The drug "Pentaxim" is available in the form of a lyophilisate for the production of a suspension. The medicine is administered intramuscularly. The medication is intended to develop immunity resistance to a number of pathologies.
Pentaxim product. Instructions. Indications
The drug is prescribed to children from the age of three months as a prophylaxis. The medication helps develop the body's resistance to whooping cough, tetanus, diphtheria, and polio. The instructions also recommend using the drug “Pentaxim” to prevent invasive infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae (meningitis, septicemia, and others).
Contraindications
The drug is not recommended for progressive encephalopathy, complicated by convulsions (or without them), pathologies accompanied by fever, in acute forms or in the acute stage of infectious diseases. Contraindications include an allergic reaction to the Pentaxim vaccine, observed within forty-eight hours after the previous administration of the medicine. Vaccination is not prescribed for hypersensitivity to the components of the medication. Caution is exercised if the patient has febrile seizures that are not associated with the administration of the drug. After administration of the drug, it is necessary to monitor the child’s temperature during the first 2 days. In case of hyperthermia, antipyretic drugs are allowed.
Side effects
Upon administration, local reactions of irritation and pain at the injection site are noted. These manifestations are observed during the first two days after vaccination. Some children experience fever, drowsiness, sleep disturbance, anorexia, prolonged crying, vomiting, and diarrhea. Rarely, the drug provokes a rash, urticaria, swelling (anaphylactic manifestations).
The drug "Pentaxim". Instructions for use
The vaccine is administered intramuscularly. Dosage - 0.5 ml. It is recommended to inject into the middle outer third of the thigh. Subcutaneous and intravenous injections are not allowed. The prepared suspension is administered immediately. The course involves three administrations of one dose. Interval – 1-2 months. The first vaccination is carried out at the age of three months. The instructions recommend revaccination with Pentaxim at eighteen months.
Preparation of the solution
Remove the plastic cap from the bottle and inject the suspension into it using a syringe. Without removing the needle, shake the container until the lyophilisate is completely dissolved. The finished solution should have a whitish tint and be slightly cloudy. If there are foreign mechanical particles, the injection is not carried out. The solution must be homogeneous.
Vaccination. Where to do it?
Pentaxim is administered in a hospital setting. Before injecting the drug, you must ensure that the child has no contraindications.
additional information
If there are pathologies of an infectious nature, exacerbations of them or other diseases, you should wait for recovery and vaccinate if the child’s condition is stable.
Source: FB.ru
Lyophilisate for preparing a suspension for intramuscular administration 1 dose, complete with a suspension for intramuscular administration 0.5 ml.
Compound:1.Adsorbed vaccine for the prevention of diphtheria and tetanus; acellular whooping cough; polio inactivated (suspension for intramuscular * administration).
One dose of vaccine (0.5 ml) contains:
Active substances:
Diphtheria toxoid................................................... ...................... > 30 ME;
Tetanus toxoid................................................... ...................... > 40 ME;
Pertussis anatoxin................................................... ........................ 25 mcg;
Hemagglutinin filamentous................................................... ........ 25 mcg;
Poliomyelitis virus type 1 inactivated.................................... 40 units of D antigen;
Poliomyelitis virus type 2 inactivated........................8 units of D antigen;
Poliomyelitis virus type 3 inactivated....................... 32 units of D antigen;
Excipients:
aluminum hydroxide 0.3 mg; Hanks medium 199* 0.05 ml; formaldehyde 12.5 mcg; phenoxyethanol 2.5 µl; water for injections up to 0.5 ml; acetic acid or sodium hydroxide - to pH 6.8 - 7.3.
*. does not contain phenol red
2. Vaccine to prevent infection caused by Haemophilusinfluenzae type b, conjugated (lyophilisate for preparing a suspension for intramuscular administration)
One dose of lyophilisate contains:
Active substance: polysaccharide Haemophilusinfluenzae type b,
conjugated with tetanus toxoid.................................................... 10 mcg.
Excipients: sucrose 42.5 mg; trometamol 0.6 mg;
Description:Vaccine for the prevention of diphtheria and tetanus, adsorbed; acellular whooping cough; polio inactivated (suspension for intramuscular administration):
Whitish cloudy suspension.
Vaccine to prevent infection caused by Haemophilusinfluenzae type b, conjugated (lyophilisate for preparing a suspension for intramuscular administration):
White homogeneous lyophilisate.
Pharmacotherapeutic group: MIBP - ATX vaccine:J.07 Vaccines
J.07.C.A Combination of vaccines to prevent viral and bacterial infections
Pharmacodynamics:IMMUNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Immunogenicity after primary immunization
In immunogenicity studies in children vaccinated with three doses of the drug Pentaxim®, starting from three months of age, 100% of children achieved a seroprotective level of antibodies to diphtheria and tetanus antigens (> 0.01 IU/ml).
More than 88% of children had a fourfold increase in antibody titers to pertussis toxoid and filamentous agglutinin 1 month after completion of primary immunization. In the absence of a serological correlate of protection, a fourfold increase in titers after immunization can be considered seroconversion.
At least 99% of children following a course of primary immunization achieved post-vaccination titers against polio viruses types 1, 2 and 3 exceeding a threshold value of 5 (the reciprocal of the dilution at which seroneutralization is observed), considered protective. 1 month after completion of the primary immunization course, consisting of three doses, in at least 92 % vaccinated children 1 year of life titer of antibodies to capsular polysaccharide
Haemophilus influenzae type bwas above the protective level of 0.15 μg/ml required for short-term protection against invasive Haemophilus influenzae infection. 1 month after the third vaccination, the concentration of antibodies to the capsular polysaccharideHaemophilus influenzaetype b above 1 μg/ml, required to provide long-term protection against invasive Haemophilus influenzae infection, was observed in more than 67% of vaccinated individuals.Immunogenicity after revaccination
Immunogenicity studies in children in the second year of life vaccinated with three doses of the Pentaxim® vaccine as part of primary immunization showed a high level of antibodies to all active substances of the drug after revaccination with the same vaccine. In all children, antibody levels exceeded 0.1 IU/ml for the tetanus component, and there was an average fivefold increase in antibody titers to pertussis toxoid and filamentous agglutinin. All children had a sufficient level of antibodies to polio viruses types 1, 2 and 3. In more than 97% of children, the level of antibodies to the diphtheria pathogen exceeded 0.1 IU/ml.
Antibody titer to capsular polysaccharide
Haemophilus influenzae type bexceeded 1 mcg/ml after revaccination in more than 99% of children.These data confirm the induction of immunological memory after primary
vaccinations. Indications:Prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio and invasive infection caused by Haemophilusinfluenzae type b (meningitis, septicemia, etc.) in children starting from 3 months of age.
Contraindications:Progressive encephalopathy, accompanied by or without seizures. Encephalopathy developing within 7 days after administration of any vaccine containing antigens Bordetellapertussis.
A severe reaction that developed within 48 hours after a previous vaccination with a vaccine containing a pertussis component: increased body temperature to 40 ° C or higher, prolonged unusual crying syndrome, febrile or afebrile convulsions, hypotonic-hyporesponsive syndrome.
An allergic reaction following previous administration of a vaccine to prevent diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, or a vaccine to prevent infection caused by Haemophilusinfluenzae type b.
Confirmed systemic hypersensitivity reaction to any vaccine ingredient, as well as glutaraldehyde, neomycin, streptomycin and polymyxin B. Diseases accompanied by fever, acute manifestations of an infectious disease or exacerbation of a chronic disease. In these cases, vaccination should be postponed until recovery.
Carefully:If a child has a history of febrile seizures that are not associated with previous vaccination, the vaccinated person’s body temperature should be monitored for 48 hours after vaccination and, if it increases, antipyretic (antipyretic) drugs should be regularly used throughout this period.
Directions for use and dosage:The vaccine is administered intramuscularly in a dose of 0.5 ml, the recommended injection site is the middle third of the anterolateral surface of the thigh. Do not administer intradermally or intravenously. Before insertion, you must ensure that the needle does not penetrate a blood vessel. For the packaging option with two separate needles, before preparing the vaccine, the needle should be tightly secured by rotating it a quarter turn relative to the syringe.
To prepare the vaccine, having previously removed the plastic colored cap from the bottle, completely introduce the suspension for intramuscular administration (vaccine for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough and polio) through a needle from a syringe into the bottle with lyophilisate (vaccine for the prevention of infection caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b) .
Shake the bottle without removing the syringe from it and wait until the lyophilisate is completely dissolved (no more than 3 minutes). The resulting suspension should be cloudy and have a whitish tint. The vaccine should not be used if there is a change in color or presence of foreign particles. The vaccine prepared in this way should be completely drawn into the same syringe. The finished vaccine should be administered immediately.
The PENTAXIM vaccination course consists of 3 injections of one dose of vaccine (0.5 ml) with an interval of 1-2 months, starting from 3 months of age. Revaccination is carried out
The PENTAXIM vaccination course consists of 3 injections of one dose of vaccine (0.5 ml) with an interval of 1-2 months, starting from 3 months of age. Revaccination is carried out by administering 1 dose of PENTAXIM at the age of 18 months. life.
In accordance with the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations of the Russian Federation, the course of vaccination for the prevention of diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough and polio consists of 3 injections of the drug with an interval of 1.5 months, at the age of 3, 4.5 and 6 months, respectively; revaccination is carried out once at the age of 18 months.
If the vaccination schedule is violated, the subsequent intervals between the next dose of the vaccine do not change, including the interval before the 4th (revaccination) dose - 12 months.
If the first dose of Pentaxim was administered at the age of 6-12 months, then the second dose is administered after 1.5 months. after the first, and as the 3rd dose, administered after 1.5 months. after the second, a vaccine should be used to prevent diphtheria, tetanus; whooping cough and poliomyelitis, initially presented in a syringe (i.e. without diluting the lyophilisate in the vial (HIb)). The usual dose of Pentaxim (with dilution of lyophilisate (HIb)) is used as a booster dose (4th dose).
If the first dose of Pentaxim is administered after 1 year of age, then for the 2nd, 3rd and 4th (booster) doses, a vaccine should be used to prevent diphtheria, tetanus; whooping cough and polio, initially presented in a syringe, without dilution
| lyophilisate in a vial (HIb).
|
In all cases of violation of the vaccination schedule, the doctor must be guided by the National Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations of the Russian Federation.
Side effects:1) Local: soreness (usually expressed by short crying at rest or with gentle pressure in the injection area); redness and thickening at the injection site (in 0.1%-1% of cases - >5 cm in diameter). These reactions may develop within 48 hours after vaccination.
2) General. Increased body temperature: >38 °C - with a frequency of 1%-10%; >39 °C - with a frequency of 0.1%-1%; rarely (0.01%-0.1%) - over 40 °C. (Rectal temperature was assessed; as a rule, it is higher than axillary (axillary) by 0.6-1.1 ° C.)
Irritability, drowsiness, sleep disturbances, anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting, and less often, prolonged crying were also noted.
In very rare (< 0,01%) случаях отмечались сыпь, крапивница, фебрильные и афебрильные судороги, гипотония и гипотонический-гипореактивный синдром, анафилактические реакции (отек лица, отек Квинке, шок)
Rarely, after administration of vaccines containing the HIb component, cases of edema of one or both lower extremities (with a predominance of edema in the extremity where the vaccine was administered) have been reported. Swelling was mainly observed during the first few hours after primary vaccination. These reactions were sometimes accompanied by increased body temperature, soreness, prolonged crying, cyanosis or change in skin color, less often - redness, petechiae or transient purpura, increased body temperature, and rash. These reactions resolved spontaneously within 24 hours without any residual effects and were not associated with any adverse cardiac or respiratory events.
Very rarely, after the administration of vaccines containing acellular pertussis component, there have been cases of severe reactions (more than 5 cm in diameter) at the site of vaccine administration, including swelling extending to one or both joints. These reactions appeared 24-72 hours after vaccine administration and may be accompanied by redness, increased skin temperature at the injection site, sensitivity or pain at the injection site. These symptoms disappeared on their own within 3-5 days without any additional treatment. It is believed that the likelihood of developing such reactions increases depending on the number of administrations of the acellular pertussis component; this likelihood is greater after the 4th and 5th doses of such a vaccine.
The Company has evidence that Guillain-Barré syndrome and brachial neuritis have occurred following administration of other vaccines containing tetanus toxoid.
Interaction:With the exception of immunosuppressive therapy (see section “Special Instructions”), there is no reliable data on the possible mutual influence when used with other drugs, including other vaccines.
The doctor should be informed about the recent or concurrent administration of any other drug to the child (including over-the-counter drugs).
Special instructions:Pentaxim does not form immunity against infection caused by other serotypes Haemophilusinfluenzae, as well as against meningitis of other etiologies. The doctor should be informed of all cases of adverse reactions, including those not listed in this instruction. Before each vaccination, in order to prevent possible allergic and other reactions, the doctor must clarify the state of health, immunization history, medical history of the patient and immediate family (in particular, allergic), and cases of side effects from previous vaccinations. The doctor should have the medications and instruments necessary for the development of a hypersensitivity reaction.
Immunosuppressive therapy or an immunodeficiency condition may cause a poor immune response to the vaccine. In these cases, it is recommended to postpone vaccination until the end of such therapy or remission of the disease. However, in persons with chronic immunodeficiency (eg, HIV infection), vaccination is recommended, even though the immune response may be weakened.
In case of thrombocytopenia and other bleeding disorders, the vaccine should be administered with caution due to the risk of bleeding during intramuscular injection.
If there is a history of Guillain-Barré syndrome or brachial neuritis in response to any vaccine containing tetanus toxoid, the decision to vaccinate with Pentaxim should be carefully justified. In such cases, it is generally appropriate to complete the primary immunization (if less than 3 doses have been given).
Release form/dosage:Lyophilisate for preparing a suspension for intramuscular administration 1 dose, complete with a suspension for intramuscular administration 0.5 ml. Package:Vaccine for the prevention of diphtheria and tetanus, adsorbed, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliomyelitis - suspension for intramuscular administration 0.5 ml; complete with a vaccine to prevent infection caused by Haemophilusinfluenzae type b, conjugated - lyophilisate for preparing a suspension for intramuscular administration, 1 dose.
One dose of lyophilisate in a glass bottle and 0.5 ml (1 dose) of suspension in a glass syringe (with or without a fixed needle) with a capacity of 1 ml, with a chlorobromobutyl piston; 1 bottle and 1 syringe in a closed cell package (PET/PVC). If the syringe does not have a needle attached, then 2 separate sterile needles are placed in the package. 1 cell pack in an individual cardboard box with instructions for use.
Storage conditions:Store in the refrigerator (at a temperature of 2 to 8 ° C). Do not freeze.
Keep out of the reach of children.
Best before date:Do not use after the expiration date stated on the packaging.
Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies: On prescription Registration number: LSR-005121/08 Registration date: 01.07.2008 Owner of the Registration Certificate:Sanofi Pasteur S.A. France Manufacturer: Representative office: Sanofi Pasteur S.A. Information update date: 28.02.2011 Illustrated instructionsUnfortunately, pregnancy is not always easy and cloudless. It is often accompanied by various disorders, one of which is FPI (feto-placental insufficiency) - this is when blood circulation in the mother-fetus system is disrupted. This disorder is quite dangerous, since it threatens not only deviations in the development of the fetus (its central nervous system is at particular risk), but, sometimes, its loss.
Two forms of feto-placental insufficiency (FPI)
Feto-placental insufficiency can be acute or chronic. The first is more dangerous because it often ends in miscarriage.
But the body of a pregnant woman is quite capable of coping with the second form of the disorder on its own, and then it can proceed unnoticed. But this is not always the case - often in this case, you have to resort to the help of doctors, since this condition provokes over time, which, in turn, can lead to death.
FPI (feto-placental insufficiency) and Pentoxifylline
The action of Pentoxifylline is aimed at improving blood circulation: blood fluidity improves, and small blood vessels dilate, as a result of which a larger volume of blood flows to the myocardium.
It would seem that a panacea has been found, but that was not the case... Many expectant mothers are alarmed by the fact that the instructions for the drug indicate: “Pentoxifylline” cannot be used during pregnancy.
This is explained by the fact that this drug has not undergone all the necessary clinical studies regarding the safety of its use by expectant mothers.
But, despite this, this drug is very often prescribed by obstetricians and gynecologists, and they always weigh the pros and cons.
First of all, the doctor should take into account the condition of the expectant mother and the gestational age, since until the 12th week (when all tissues and organs of the fetus are formed), it is generally better to refuse to take any medications, because this threatens abnormalities in the development of the baby. But there are also some nuances here: since fetal tissue is formed in each woman according to her own “individual program,” it is best to prescribe the use of medications that raise doubts about their safety for the mother and child after the twentieth week of pregnancy. And, of course, you should take them only under the special supervision of your doctor.
But there are often cases when the condition of the expectant mother simply requires urgent use of medications that improve blood microcirculation, as a result of which the placenta is well supplied with blood and, accordingly, oxygen. These drugs include Pentoxifylline.
It is especially often prescribed for acute forms of fetoplacental insufficiency (FPI) or when the chronic form of this disorder begins to pose a threat to the child. The use of Pentoxifylline is possible both intravenously or intra-arterially, and as an internal agent. The duration of the course of treatment and dosage of the drug is determined by the attending physician and largely depends on the condition of the expectant mother and the course of pregnancy.
The use of Pentoxifylline during pregnancy is especially justified when it comes to the life and health of the child.
But under no circumstances should you self-medicate and start using Pentoxifylline without a doctor’s prescription, since you are now responsible not only for your health.
Especially for Anna Zhirko
From Guest
The drug is effective. It made me feel nauseous, but compared to the benefits, it was a definite plus. To those who write about severe side effects, I want to say: your doctors are idiots, since they HAD to check you for compatibility (a small dose is administered in a stream, and the patient is monitored). And given the seriousness of the drug, there will definitely be side effects, but susceptibility varies.
From Guest
I had a blood flow disorder and was also prescribed a drip, but at least they warned me in advance about the side effects. They didn't even bother to find out what my blood pressure was. And my working pressure is 90/60... Maximum 100/70. I felt bad within five minutes after they started dripping, my eyes were dark, cold sweat was flowing, I was shaking. I barely crawled to the room. Then I vomited terribly for half a day. So before taking anything, you need to ask what the side effects are!!!