Pepper rots on a bush in a greenhouse. Pepper rots on a bush: what to do. Pepper diseases and its most dangerous pests under the close attention of professionals

Many vegetable growers are engaged in the cultivation of pepper, as this vegetable is very often used to prepare various dishes and salads. During the cultivation of this plant, various problems may arise. Quite often, its leaves begin to change their color and turn purple. To get rid of this problem, you need to figure out why they change their color.

Many gardeners are seriously surprised when they see seedlings that have a lilac hue. Ordinary varieties of peppers cannot have this color. There is more than one reason why leaves can turn lilac or purple.

Temperature changes

One of the main causes of this problem is sudden temperature changes. Due to a sudden cold snap, the leaves begin to curl up into a tube and darken. Over time, they take on a lilac color and turn purple.

Most often, leaves with this shade appear when pepper is planted early in the open field. When growing peppers in a greenhouse, the leaves darken much less frequently. However, this can also happen in a greenhouse if it is not sufficiently insulated. To save the bushes, you must immediately restore the optimum temperature.

Anthocyanosis

Anthocyanosis appears if the pepper lacks phosphorus. Because of this, young seedlings begin to gradually degrade and die. Phosphorus is an indispensable substance that is necessary for the normal growth and development of bushes. It is not only the main energy source of the plant, but also controls all its metabolic processes. Phosphorus is very important for pepper, as it stimulates fruit set, flowering and its root zone. In addition, he is responsible for the accumulation of sugar in ripe fruits.

The lower leaves of the bush can signal a lack of nutrients, since they are the first to begin to change their color. Also, the stem of the bush can change color.

Other signs include curling the leaves towards the stem or up. If you do not get rid of anthocyanosis in a timely manner, the stem will become more hairy and brittle. The root system may also be affected. Over time, it becomes weaker and absorbs nutrients from the soil worse.

Greenhouse temperature maintenance

Many people do not know what to do if the pepper has purple leaves. To prevent discoloration in peppers, it is necessary to constantly monitor the temperature.

Temperature norm

The optimum daytime temperature should be around 20-25 degrees. In the evening, this figure may be less by 3-5 degrees. Many beginner growers try to increase the temperature inside the greenhouse in order to improve the growth of the bushes. However, this can only harm the plant and lead to its death.

You should also monitor the temperature of the soil. It is necessary that it does not fall below 14 degrees and not be more than 25 degrees. With a serious decrease in these indicators, phosphorus starvation of plants may begin.

Temperature control methods

Quite often, leaf veins with a purple color appear due to low temperatures. There are several ways to quickly raise it a few degrees:

• Application at night of additional layers of a film. They are placed at a distance of about 5 cm from the main layer. For their fastening it is better to use fasteners for polyethylene films. With the help of such additional protection, an air cushion is formed, which will protect the greenhouse from the outside cold air.
• Limit the amount of air above the bell pepper bushes with an additional small greenhouse. Its frame can be made from small wooden rods or wire with a diameter of 3-4 mm. As a coating, you can use a solid film with a thickness of at least 0.5 mm. To prevent too high temperature from being created under the additional greenhouse, it should be periodically ventilated.
• To increase the temperature of the soil by a few degrees, it is necessary to start mulching it. This can be done using spunbond or film. Thus, the temperature will increase by 1-2 degrees and the pepper will not turn blue.

Raising the temperature in the greenhouse must be done very carefully. Especially on hot days, as this can harm the pepper bushes and cause burns.

Pepper dressing

Quite often, the leaves turn blue due to a lack of phosphorus and other nutrients, so it is necessary to properly feed the pepper. Before you feed the plant, you need to familiarize yourself with how to do it correctly.

The first top dressing

It is necessary to start fertilizing the soil even before planting seedlings. To do this, 200 grams of ash, a bucket of compost, a teaspoon of potassium sulfate and a tablespoon of superphosphate are added per square meter of the plot.

The next top dressing is carried out only 20 days after planting the seedlings in the ground. From now on, it is recommended to use fertilizers with an increased amount of phosphorus so that purple spots do not appear on the leaves in the future. A solution prepared from 15 g of carbonite, 10 liters of water and 3 g of superphosphate is poured into the pre-moistened soil under each pepper bush.

If the young leaves not only changed their color, but also began to fall off, then you should use a solution of boric acid.

Top dressing during development and flowering

During growth, fertilizers should be applied to the soil monthly, 2-3 times. Growing pepper bushes need calcium, nitrogen and phosphorus. Before budding, a solution prepared from 10 g of these mineral fertilizers and 5-8 liters of water must be added to the soil. For each bush of pepper, no more than 100 g of the mixture is consumed.

In severe phosphorus deficiency, a strong superphosphate solution is used. To prepare it, a glass of superphosphate is poured with hot water. The mixture should be infused for about 12 hours, after which it should be poured into a bucket of water. One bush is processed with a liter of prepared solution.

You can also carry out foliar feeding. To do this, the foliage is treated with a 0.5% phosphorus solution.

Conclusion

Quite often, pepper leaves begin to change their color and turn purple. If the leaves turn purple, then it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the environment in which the greenhouse pepper grows and fertilize the soil regularly. You can also talk to people who have been growing pepper for a long time and know how to get rid of this problem.

Sweet pepper is a fairly resistant crop, in any case, it is not as susceptible to diseases as a tomato, and pests do not damage it as much as an eggplant. However, this plant, under certain conditions, can suffer from both infections and insects. Therefore, each person involved in the cultivation of sweet pepper must be prepared to meet problems and be able to quickly solve them. And now let's talk in more detail about the malicious agents that the gardener may have to deal with in his area.

Pepper diseases

Of the diseases, pepper most often suffers from tobacco mosaic, bacterial spotting and late blight, a little less often from downy mildew and infectious wilt, and in greenhouses also from gray rot (ventilation protects against it).

But under certain conditions, sweet peppers can also suffer from other types of infectious and metabolic diseases. Let's consider this question in more detail.

The following pepper diseases are known:

1. sunburn
2. Blackleg
3. tobacco mosaic
4. streak
5. white spotting
6. late blight
7. brown spot
8. bacterial cancer
9. black spot
10. downy mildew
11. Alternariosis
12. Gray rot
13. white rot
14. Blossom rot
15. Lythracnose

So, let's analyze these diseases in more detail.

sunburn

In hot summers, peppers can get sunburned if they are directly in the sun or if water gets on their leaves in the heat.

Symptoms

Burns on the fruits look at first like just a pale area, and then this place turns completely white and becomes a bit like paper.

Prevention

You can protect the fruits from this by hanging a shading film.

Blackleg

A fungal disease that can affect peppers in the seedling phase. Infection occurs through contaminated soil and tools.

Provoking factors

1. Landing density.
2. Overmoistening of the soil.

Symptoms

Blackening and decay of the root section of the stem.

Prevention

1. Compliance with the planting pattern to avoid planting density and the correct watering regimen.
2. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds for 10 minutes in a solution of potassium permanganate, with a concentration of the active substance of 0.05% and subsequent washing of the seeds.
3. Double soil treatment with Previkur's solution, according to the instructions.

Treatment

1. Removal of affected plants.
2. Soil treatment with copper sulphate at 3% concentration.

Read about other methods of dealing with the black leg.

Alternariosis

This fungal disease can develop during dry weather on plants grown outdoors or in greenhouses. Read more.

Provoking factor

Sharp temperature drop.

Symptoms

1. At the beginning, dark brown spots appear on the leaves.
2. Later, watery spots form on the fruits, covered after rain with fluff, which turns into a dark coating.

Prevention

1. Compliance with crop rotation.
2. Additionally, on protected ground - stabilization of the air temperature inside the greenhouses.

Treatment

Treatment of infected individuals with a 4% solution of copper oxychloride or 10% Bordeaux mixture.

Gray rot

This disease of a fungal nature most often affects the fruits, while the root system of the plant is not affected at all. Within a few days, the pepper rots completely. Read more.

Provoking factors

1. High humidity, especially in protected ground conditions.
2. Thickening of plantings of pepper.

Symptoms

Gray spots on the fruit, gradually acquiring a dark gray color.

Prevention

Planting peppers according to the approved scheme.

Treatment

1. Removal of affected fruits.
2. In the case of localization of the process on the stems, smearing the affected areas with a mixture of lime and Rovral fungicide in equal proportions (the composition can be replaced with ash or crushed charcoal).

white rot

A dangerous fungal disease that first affects the stems and leaves of pepper, gradually capturing its fruits.

Provoking factors

1. Increased air humidity.
2. Acidic reaction of the soil solution.
3. Landing density.

Symptoms

1. The plant gradually fades, turns yellow and dries up.
2. At high humidity, spots covered with white mycelium appear on the stems and leaves.

Prevention

1. Compliance with crop rotation.
2. Planting peppers according to the optimal scheme.
3. Liming of acidic soils.
4. Removal of crop residues from the field.

Treatment

Treatment of infected plants with copper preparations.

Read about other methods of dealing with white rot.

Blossom rot

This pathology can be attributed to metabolic diseases, since it is based on a deficiency of calcium ions.

Provoking factors

1. Insufficient supply of vegetative plants with calcium.
2. Excessive application of nitrogen fertilizers.
3. Irregular watering.
4. Humidity fluctuations in the air.

Symptoms

1. Water spots develop on the tops of young shoots.
2. Then the tops gradually dry out.

Prevention

1. Regular watering.
2. Soil loosening.
3. Soil mulching.
4. Pre-sowing bubbling of seeds for 18 hours, followed by drying.
5. Feeding plants with a glass of solution for each bush. The solution consists of: two tablespoons of potassium carbonate, two tablespoons of calcium nitrate per 10 liters of water.

Treatment

1. Removal of affected fruits.
2. Spraying plants with a solution of milk of lime or 0.3-0.4% calcium chloride.

You can find more information about top rot.

Verticillium and Fusarium wilt

These are two fungal pathologies similar to each other, leading to the withering of the plant. The only obvious difference between them is the localization of the process at the very beginning of the development of the disease.

Symptoms

1. Wilting of plants begins with their lower leaves (verticillium wilt).
2. The first symptom is yellowing of the top and leaves of the plant (fusarium wilt).
3. Further, the vascular bundles turn brown in the lower part of the stem (verticillium wilt).
4. The whole plant withers.

Prevention

1. Cultivation of varieties resistant to these pathologies.
2. Dressing of pepper seeds half a month before their sowing in Fundazol (0.1 g of medicinal substance per 10 g of seeds) or dusting in the same ratio, immediately before sowing, with Trichodermin.

Treatment

Missing.

Lythracnose

This disease affects the base of the stem and the root of the plant.

Symptoms

1. Brown spots appear on the roots of pepper.
2. Fruit growth is slow.
3. Later, the fruits become covered with watery spots, shrink and fall off.

Prevention

1. Crop rotation.
2. Healthy seed.

Treatment

Treatment is carried out with copper oxychloride (aqueous solution of 0.4%) or Bordeaux liquid with an active ingredient concentration of 1%.

late blight

A fungal pathology common in our latitudes that can affect all plant organs.

Provoking factors

1. Low air temperature.
2. Excess moisture.

Symptoms

The appearance of brown spots, which are surrounded by pale green tissues.

Prevention

1. Pre-sowing treatment of seed with a solution of potassium permanganate.
2. Spraying plants with infusions of onions or garlic.

Treatment

Treatment of plants with Bordeaux liquid. Read more about late blight.

white spotting

This is a fungal disease that can destroy up to 50% of the crop in a short time; it develops both in greenhouses and on open ground.

Symptoms

1. Cloudy white spots appear on the leaves of the plant, surrounded by a dark border.
2. Further, darker dots appear on the surface of the spots, which contain spores.
3. The spots merge into one.
4. Leaves dry.
5. The infection passes to the trunk and fruits.

Prevention

1. Presowing treatment of seeds.
2. Compliance with crop rotation.

Treatment

1. In the initial phase of the disease, treatments with Trichodermin and Fitosporin are effective.
2. In the late stage, it is recommended to remove damaged plants from the garden.

You will find more information about white spotting (septoria).

streak

Viral pathology that affects the fruits and upper parts of plants.

Provoking factors

1. Mechanical damage to plants by contaminated tools.
2. The presence of a large number of insect vectors - aphids, ticks, thrips.
3. Sowing infected seeds.

Symptoms

1. On foliage, stems, fruits, stripes of red-brown color.
2. Affected plant parts become brittle.
3. The leaves are deformed.
4. Plants grow and develop more slowly.

Prevention

1. Sowing healthy seeds.
2. Compliance with crop rotation.

Treatment

Missing. Read about preventive measures against a streak and not only.

bacterial cancer

A bacterial pathology predominantly affecting pepper plants grown in film greenhouses.

Provoking factors

1. Constant high humidity.
2. Stable high temperature.
3. Condensed landings.
4. Application as sprinkler irrigation.

Symptoms

1. On the shoots, leaves and fruits of pepper, dark brown spots appear, edged with fabrics with a lighter color.
2. The spots merge with each other into an ever-elongating spot.
3. This spot is gradually covered with a crust.

Prevention

1. Double disinfection of greenhouses with methyl bromide: in autumn and spring.
2. Use of healthy seeds.
3. Use of drip irrigation.
4. Compliance with temperature and humidity conditions in the process of growing pepper.
5. During an outbreak, healthy plants are treated with copper preparations - copper oxychloride or copper sulphate.

Treatment

None, infected plants are removed from greenhouses.

Black bacterial spot

The bacterial infection that causes this disease can affect the stems, petioles, fruits, and leaves of peppers.

Provoking factors

1. A sharp drop in temperature.
2. Increased air humidity.

Symptoms

1. Dark spots on the petioles and stems of the plant.
2. Numerous watery spots on the foliage, gradually increasing in size, with a light central area and a darker periphery.
3. Dark dots of small size on fruits, slightly convex, oily, gradually increasing in size, which eventually become ulcers, with greenish tissues on the periphery.

Prevention

1. Healthy seed.
2. Crop rotation.
3. Pest control.

Treatment

Missing.

downy mildew

A dangerous fungal disease, the second name of which. Pathology is ubiquitous, regardless of the climatic zone, distribution.

Provoking factors

1. High air humidity.
2. Heat.

Symptoms

1. Numerous dots appear on the leaves at the very beginning.
2. Later they turn into spots of light yellow color of an angular shape with a restriction along the veins of the leaf.
3. Further, the spots merge, the color changes up to brown.
4. A finely pubescent coating appears on the lower surface of the leaf plate.
5. The leaves dry up and fall off in severe cases.
6. Plants are stunted, fruits are underdeveloped.

Prevention

1. Compliance with the rules of crop rotation.
2. Growing infection-resistant hybrids.
3. Removal of infected plants.

Treatment

Treatment with Kuproksat or Oxychom in the initial phase of the disease.

tobacco mosaic

Pepper pests

In addition to humans, there are a number of creatures in nature that appreciate the taste of pepper, and not only the fruits, but also other parts of this plant. Of the pests both in greenhouses and in open ground, pepper most often damages aphids, in greenhouses - whiteflies, and in open ground - scoops, thrips, Colorado potato beetle and bears.

So, the most common pepper pests are:

1. scoop
2. whitefly
3. thrips
4. Colorado beetle
5. Medvedka
6. wireworm
7. Maybug and its larvae

Consider each pepper pest in more detail.

Aphid

Insects of this species harm both seedlings and adult plants. Aphids nest on shoots, leaves, flowers of pepper, sucking the juice out of them, thereby leading to twisting of foliage, drying out of flowers, and underdevelopment of fruits.

Control measures

Agricultural technology: ventilation of greenhouses to normalize the temperature and humidity balance.

Biologicals: spraying the affected plants with infusions of wormwood or yarrow.

Pesticides: The use of the drug Phosbecid.

Most often, peppers grown in greenhouses and greenhouses suffer from this insect. Ticks live under the leaves, tightening their underside with a thin cobweb. Foliage, affected by insects, is covered with light dots, turning into spots, later turns yellow and dries. Also, the tick leads to the fall of flowers, ovaries and fruits of pepper, and sometimes to the death of the entire plant.

Control measures

Agricultural technology:

1. Cleaning up plant debris.
2. Treatment of greenhouses and greenhouses with a 2% bleach solution.

Biologicals: Fitoverm.

Pesticides: Aktellik.

greenhouse whitefly

A very dangerous pest that causes great harm to vegetable crops in greenhouses. Damage to peppers is caused by insect larvae, which suck the juice from the foliage, causing it to curl and dry.

Control measures

Pesticides: Phosbecid.

wireworm

These are the larvae of the click beetle that live in the soil and eat up the roots of pepper plants, causing them to stun.

Control measures

Agricultural technology:

1. Destruction of larvae during digging.
2. Do not plant pepper next to perennial herbs.

Biologicals: In the aisles, install bait heaps of grass with a diameter of up to 35 cm and destroy the beetles accumulated there.

Pesticides: Soaking the roots of pepper seedlings in Aktara preparation

scoop

This is a night butterfly of a protective color, with a wingspan of up to 5 cm. Peppers are harmed by its caterpillars, which have a gnawing type of mouth apparatus and cause gross injuries to plants: they skeletonize foliage, gnaw off flowers, and eat fruits from the inside. A butterfly can make two clutches of eggs in a season.

Control measures

Agricultural technology: Set up traps with light or pheromones.

Pesticides: Karate Zeon.

thrips

Very small elongated slender insects, whose sizes rarely reach 5 mm. The oral apparatus is piercing. Both larvae and adults feed by sucking cell sap from plant tissues. For this reason, the leaves and stems turn yellow, discolor and die. In addition, thrips carry a wide variety of infectious diseases.

Control measures

Agricultural technology: Application of sticky traps on plots.

Biologicals: Fitoverm.

Pesticides: Aktellik.

They feed on the leaves of peppers, as well as their fruits. They eat holes in them, leaving behind trails of dried white mucus. Fruits damaged by these insects subsequently rot.

Control measures

Agricultural technology: Timely removal of weeds.

biological methods: Covering the soil around the plants with quicklime.

Pesticides: Granulated metaldehyde.

Colorado beetle

Both the beetle itself and its larva actively feed on all parts of the plant. They start eating pepper from its upper part and can completely destroy it, with the exception of the trunk and the thinnest branches, from which they still eat the skin.

Control measures

Pesticides:

1. Soaking the root system of seedlings in the preparation "Aktara".
2. Processing of plants "Commander".

Medvedka

These are large, intimidating insects, reaching 50 mm in length and loving dampness. The roots of the plant are destroyed in two cases - for food and in order to clear the area around the laying of their eggs. Plants whose roots have been gnawed by this insect wither and die.

Control measures

Agricultural technology:

1. Deep plowing in spring and autumn.
2. Regular loosening of row spacing.

biological methods: Arrangement of hunting nests up to 40 cm deep, with manure laid on the bottom. Medvedki will crawl there for the winter, and in the spring the insects are removed from there and destroyed.

Pesticides: Medvetoks.

Khrushchev larvae (May beetle)

These fat white worms love to eat up the roots of pepper seedlings, and adult plants too, leading them to death. The larvae live in the soil for 3-4 years, and the most tangible harm is caused by those that have reached the 2nd-3rd year of development.

Control measures

Agricultural technology: Deep plowing in late autumn and spring.

Biologicals: The introduction of nematodes into the garden (however, it should be remembered that nematodes can also harm some cultivated plants).

Pesticides: Soaking seedling roots in Prestige or Aktar.

Growing a full-fledged and high-quality crop of sweet pepper is a rather troublesome business, but rewarding. And tasty preparations for themselves, and rather high prices on the market at which you can sell pepper, will appeal to any gardener.

Diseases of peppers can cause significant damage to the crop. Consider the characteristic signs of pepper diseases in order to learn in time to recognize the onset of the disease and minimize the possible risks of reducing the yield of this crop.

Phytoplasmosis (stolbur) of pepper

The disease is caused by microorganisms - mycoplasmas and begins to manifest itself, as a rule, from the tops of the shoots. The leaves at the edges are bent up and twisted, then dry out. Gradually, the disease passes to the whole plant, the bush turns yellow, the fruits grow small, irregular in shape, and begin to blush ahead of time. When pepper is affected at an early stage of growth, the plant later acquires a dwarf form. Stolbur is not transmitted with planting material (seeds), but is spread by pests (aphids, thrips, mites). There are no varieties resistant to stolbur in peppers.

Prevention and treatment of phytoplasmosis:

• Growing hybrids from seeds resistant to phytoplasmosis.
• The fight against insects, carriers of the disease.
• Diseased plants must be destroyed.
• After harvesting, disinfect the internal parts of greenhouses and garden tools.
• Removal of plant debris after harvest.
• Removing weeds in the area.

late blight

Late blight (phytophthora) is a disease caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans and can cause significant damage to the pepper crop. With late blight, brown spots appear on the leaves of peppers, which spread throughout the plant. With the subsequent development of the disease, the fruit is damaged, with the formation of dark weeping spots.

Prevention measures are associated with the choice of varieties resistant to this disease, compliance with and implementation of disinfection measures.

Blackleg

Black leg - a fungal disease caused by pathogens of various types, develops at the initial stage of growth and most of all affects seedlings and seedlings of peppers, although adult plants in greenhouses can also get sick.

Infection and spread of the disease occurs with seeds, through soil or crop residues. Too dense planting of seedlings, poor aeration in greenhouses contributes to the development of the disease.

A characteristic sign of the disease is the darkening of the lower part of the stem, which then rots and dries out, which leads to the death of the entire plant.

Prevention and treatment of Blackleg:

• It is necessary to do a daily inspection of seedlings in order to timely detect the disease.
• At the very beginning of the disease, seedlings are watered with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. In case of dense plantings, seedlings must be thinned out.
• The soil used for planting should be shed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate immediately before planting the seeds, or disinfected with high temperatures (steam in the oven, spill with boiling water, spill with phytosporin).
• Monitor the moisture content of the topsoil - constant dampness contributes to the development of the disease. Therefore, it is better to water seedlings of peppers more abundantly, but less often.
• Do not allow high humidity in the room with seedlings. This requires periodic ventilation, with the protection of peppers from drafts.

Fusarium

Fusarium wilt of peppers or Fusarium is caused by a fungus of the genus Fusarium. It attacks the vessels in the stem of the plant, causing them to clog. As a result, the nutrition of the whole plant is disrupted and it is poisoned with toxins. The leaves begin to curl and turn yellow with normal watering of plants, resistant varieties have time to begin to bear fruit. In varieties susceptible to Fusarium, as a rule, the first signs appear with the onset of bud formation, after 10-20 days (depending on the variety) the plant dies.

Fusarium is not curable. Diseased plants are destroyed.

Prevention of Fusarium:

• Plant varieties that are resistant to this disease.
• Before planting, the seeds are treated at the rate of 100 milligrams of the drug per 10 grams of seeds.
• Remove organic debris after harvest.
• Topsin-M 0.2% and Fundazol help to restrain the development of fusarium, although they do not guarantee a complete cure.

Verticillium Peppers or Wilt

The disease is caused by bacteria. The development of the disease is initially asymptomatic, the leaves gradually begin to turn pale, as with a serious lack of nitrogen. Then the leaves become corrugated, the formation of fruits sharply decreases, the peppercorns themselves are small, deformed, there are practically no seeds in them. In varieties of peppers resistant to wilting, the disease proceeds slowly, in many imported varieties it is transient, at the beginning of mass flowering peppers begin to wither abruptly, and in 3-10 days the bushes dry out completely, not having time to set fruits.

Verticillosis of peppers is not treated. Diseased plants should be burned. As a preventive measure: observing crop rotation (all nightshades are subject to WILT), and after detecting wilt, carefully decontaminate the soil in the greenhouse.

Spotted wilt (bronze)

Bronze peppers are caused by the Tomato spotted wilt virus, which is spread by thrips.

A characteristic sign of spotted pepper wilt is the coloration of young leaves in a bronze or gray-violet color. With further progression of the disease, brown spots appear on the leaves and young stems, sometimes in the form of stripes. These spots begin at the base of the leaf and then spread along the leaf. Spots appear on the fruits in the form of rings of green, brown or yellow. The fruits are covered with light yellow, green and brown annular spots. Brown stripes form at the base of the fruit.

Before diagnosing the bronzeness of peppers, it is necessary to exclude burns on the leaves of the seedlings from the sun (out of habit, the leaves can take on a bronze tint).

Prevention and treatment of bronzed peppers:

• Decontaminate the seed
• Carry out preventive treatment of plants and greenhouses against carriers of thrips disease, leafhopper aphids.
• Do not plant pepper seedlings near flower beds (this is a sure source of thrips, especially terry ones - peonies, asters).
• While weeding.
• Cut off the affected branches and burn. Garden tools are disinfected in a 1% solution of potassium permanganate
• Fundazol is used for treatment, but first you need to remove the fruits that are sufficiently ripe.

Cladosporiosis (leaf mold, brown spot)

Cladosporiosis is caused by the fungus Fulvia fulva. Most often, plants are sick in a greenhouse in conditions of high humidity. The fungus is carried by spores that fall on the ground, clothes, garden tools, greenhouse walls.

A characteristic symptom is the appearance of brown spots on the leaves on the outside of the leaf and a gray velvety coating on the inside. In the future, the spread of the disease leads to the death of the leaves and the death of the plant.

Prevention and treatment of cladosporiosis:

• Soil treatment, inventory and greenhouses in the fall with a solution of copper sulfate, which is prepared at the rate of 1 glass per 10 liters of water.
• Spring treatment of greenhouses by burning.
• Compliance - you can not plant peppers every year in the same place.
• Use for growing varieties resistant to cladosporiosis.
• If a disease occurs, it is necessary to reduce watering and reduce the humidity in the greenhouse.
• In the event of a disease, treat the plants with fungicides: Barrier, Barrier.

black bacterial spot

A disease of a bacterial nature. It is characterized by the appearance of small olive-colored spots on the leaves. In the future, the spots turn black, affecting all parts of the plant.

Hello! Tell me why the pepper rots in the greenhouse and what to do if the first signs of decay have already appeared? Marina K.
Growing pepper in a greenhouse can be accompanied not only by the long-awaited harvest, but also by the struggle with various troubles. One common problem is rot. Every gardener should know what it is, what it looks like and how to deal with it. Peppers in a greenhouse rot for a variety of reasons. Let us consider in more detail what leads to this and how to deal with the disease. And in addition to our article, we attach a detailed video.

stem rot

Stem rot in peppers is provoked by fungi. The initial stage of the disease manifests itself as a white coating on the stems. Then the lower part of the stem is covered with dark brown or olive spots. Affected bushes begin to lag behind in development. The main causes of the disease: dense planting, high humidity, temperature drop, non-compliance with the rules of agricultural technology. The following measures must be taken:

• ventilate the greenhouse;
• stop watering;
• remove all stepchildren and leaves to the first fork of peppers;
• thin out the bushes;
• remove white plaque on the stems with a napkin or cloth;
• those parts of the stem that are affected should be treated with an antifungal solution.

Advice! If the temperature has changed dramatically or a long cold snap has set in, then the peppers need to be fed with calcium and potassium. If the temperature of the soil itself drops below 15 degrees, then the leaves should also be treated with this solution.

Most often, pepper in a greenhouse rots due to improper care.

white spotting

White spotting manifests itself as a white coating on the leaves, which then turns into brown spots, black dots are visible in the center of the spot. Scientifically, the disease is called septoria. Leaves are more commonly affected, but fruit and stems may be affected. The spread of the disease starts from below. The following preventive and therapeutic measures should be taken:

1. Provide adequate lighting.
2. Humidity control is required.
3. Regular ventilation.
4. When spots are found, they must be sprayed with a fungicide or a copper-containing preparation.
5. After 10-12 hours, the treatment is repeated.
6. All affected leaves and stems are removed.

Important! In the fight against white spotting, it is necessary to disinfect the soil as well, because. The pathogen can be found not only on plants, but also in the soil.

If you find peppers with signs of decay, it is recommended to destroy them immediately.

Blossom rot

If the pepper begins to rot from above, then this indicates that the plant was struck by top rot. The reason can be both a lack of moisture and its excess. Also, such rot occurs if the high humidity in the greenhouse has changed abruptly to a dry climate, and especially if these changes occur often enough.

The main condition under which the appearance of vertex rot can be avoided is competent agricultural technology in accordance with all the rules. Seeds must be disinfected before planting; adult plants need proper care. Also, do not allow the lack of light in the daytime and high humidity. Affected plants are completely destroyed, and healthy ones are sprayed with drugs from the benzimidazole group.

Advice! To reduce the risk of blossom end rot, steam the soil mixture in which you intend to plant the seeds.

Before taking any action, it is necessary to determine the type of disease

Gray rot

Another disease is gray rot. Looks like white patches. May be damp or covered in fluff. The main reason is violations of the humidity regime. Fighting this disease makes sense only in the initial phase. To do this, once every 10 days, the plant is treated with a copper-containing preparation (copper sulfate, Bordeaux liquid, etc.). The soil is also disinfected with a weak manganese solution.

Growing peppers in a greenhouse is a very exciting and interesting activity. Do not be afraid of the problems that may accompany this process. Take care of the right care and choose the right seeds, then the risk of rot will be much reduced. Choose those varieties and hybrids that are most resistant to diseases, disinfect the seeds before planting, disinfect the greenhouse, follow the watering and fertilizing regimen.

Growing pepper in a greenhouse - video

Many gardeners do not know why pepper rots in a greenhouse. From time immemorial, pepper has been considered a southern culture: it loves dry, almost hot weather. The peculiarity of pepper is that it does not need to be watered often. For planting it is worth choosing a moderate, non-moist soil. Peppers are planted in greenhouses. Due to improperly selected conditions, it behaves unpredictably: white or gray spots appear on the fruits.

Chapter 1 Reasons

The most dangerous phenomenon is dry vertex rot. The problem arises when the culture is just beginning to grow. Initially, you can see spots forming on the very top of the fruit.

To prevent the onset of the disease, it is necessary to spray with chloride or calcium nitrate.

It is important to provide the pepper with an optimal level of humidity. If it is planted in a film type greenhouse, gray mold will appear because the moisture level will be disturbed. Rot often affects crops planted above the ground. Mostly they have brown spots, the fruits themselves are wet, covered with a gray coating. Spores settle on plants, which are carried through water and soil.

It is important to take action in time and save the fruits from rot. If we consider white rot, it mainly appears at the roots. Sometimes white spots form on the fruit, and its texture itself becomes soft. The causative agent of white rot is on the ground, it can also be transmitted from affected fruits.

To prevent the occurrence of the disease, it is necessary to remove rotting peppers in a timely manner. It is necessary to remove wilted leaves and ensure that the level of soil moisture is optimal.

If these rules are not followed, the risk of crop loss increases. The affected areas must be treated with charcoal and crushed chalk, so the rot cannot spread further.

Do not plant peppers densely and allow excessive humidity in the greenhouse. Consider another disease - pepper late blight. It is one of the most common causes of rot. With the advent of late blight, the crop suffers greatly. The disease is harmful: it kills fruits, stems and leaves. Late blight affects pepper tissue, a sign of infection are light green spots.

The development of late blight is promoted by a strong, sharp cooling and an increase in air humidity. To overcome the disease, the humidity level in the greenhouse should be observed. It is recommended to treat the seeds and cover the plant when cold weather sets in. Peppers planted in a greenhouse should be sprayed periodically. To do this, you can use a 1% solution of Bordeaux mixture.

If the fruits set and soon rot, there may not be enough boron.
High temperatures and excessive soil moisture can also lead to pepper rot, so crops should be constantly monitored.

Chapter 2. What to do

Section 1. Dry top rot

This is the most common disease in peppers. It is observed during the period of fruit growth. A dry dark spot appears at the top of the vegetable, which grows throughout the fruit. If you want to prevent the disease, then spray the plantings with calcium nitrate.

Thus, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of rot of any nature by observing the rules for growing peppers. Seeds must be disinfected before planting, for seedlings and adult plants - to create the required conditions. Peppers do not tolerate the absence of light during the daytime. They also react extremely negatively to high humidity. Rot usually affects weakened plants that are not properly cared for.

In the greenhouse, you need to organize sufficient lighting, make sure that the humidity level does not rise. The soil before planting must be disinfected (spill with boiling water, potassium permanganate). Feed the seedlings of pepper during the prescribed periods of growth.

Treatment

Weakly affected peppers can be treated with Fitosporin, Baktofit, Planriz. The soil after this and the affected areas of the pepper are lightly covered with wood ash. In case of severe lesions, pepper is only removed and burned.

Black bacterial spot. It can affect the plant at the very first stages of growth. During this period, it will be very difficult to save seedlings from adversity, the infection is tenacious and can live in seeds for up to 10 years. Therefore, seed disinfection and soil disinfection is the only way to prevent the disease.

Chapter 3. How to process

Section 1. Blossom Rot

The causative agent of the disease is a virus that infects pepper plants. The main symptom that any gardener can notice is the spots that form on the top of the fruit (hence the name of the disease). These spots first have a watery texture, then coarsen, become dark. All this happens with the fruits right on the bush.

Blossom end rot develops when plants are exposed to unfavorable conditions. Lack of moisture and an excess of nitrogen fertilizers contribute to the spread of the disease. If you notice spoiled peppers, you need to increase watering. If this does not help, you can treat the plants with a solution of calcium nitrate. On large plantations, spraying should be carried out prophylactically, 2-3 times per season.

Section 2. Late blight

Every gardener knows that late blight is the most dangerous plant for tomatoes. But the causative agent of late blight can settle on any nightshade, including pepper.

Plants infected with phytophthora fungus produce fruits with dark, quickly blackening spots. First, the stain forms on the skin, but then it passes to the pulp of the pepper, making it unfit for consumption.

Late blight is easier and safer to prevent than to treat. To do this, it is necessary to maintain optimal (not too high) humidity in the greenhouse, arrange ventilation. On sale there are many varieties and hybrids of vegetable peppers that are resistant to this disease. To avoid outbreaks, it is better to use them for landing.

A fairly reliable result is given by spraying plants with biological products. From folk methods, it is possible to recommend the treatment of peppers with diluted whey and iodine solution.

Section 3. Spotted wilt

Bronze darkening spots form throughout the plant. On the fruit, they look like rings or stripes. Such fruits, of course, rot and become completely unusable. Affected fruits must be collected and removed, watering should be stopped.

Section 4. Gray mold

Caused by a fungus known to be particularly active during rainy seasons. Gray spots appear on plants and fruits, covered with a light bloom of mycelium.

To avoid the use of chemicals, it is necessary to remove all infected parts of the plant at the first sign of the disease. A good preventive effect is given by moderate watering, ventilation of the greenhouse, the use of biological products.

Other diseases can also lead to rotting pepper: brown spot, fusarium, white rot. In any case, to prevent outbreaks, it is important to provide plants with optimal development conditions and grow strong, vigorous bushes with healthy tissues. Such plants are less prone to disease and produce a higher quality crop.

The activity of pests, in particular, snails and slugs, can also lead to fruit rotting.

Gnawing the pulp of the fruit, they open the way for bacteria and fungi, which cause decay. These pests can be controlled without chemicals. A good result is obtained by regular loosening of the soil and pollination of plants and the earth around them with ash, tobacco dust, mustard powder, and lime.

For some time after harvest, ripe peppers can be stored without processing. But if they have damage or traces of disease, rotting will occur. Therefore, after you have removed the peppers from the bush, you need to inspect them, remove the fruits with holes, cracks, spots.