Skin rash with allergies. Types of allergies photo

Allergic rash over the past decades has increasingly become a reason for visiting a doctor. Experts attribute this situation to an increase in the proportion of artificial chemical impurities in water, food, and also in the air inhaled by a person.

Diseases accompanied by a rash

However, allergies are far from the only cause of skin rashes. Diseases accompanied by the appearance of this syndrome are divided into the following groups:

• infectious diseases (infectious mononucleosis, measles, chicken pox, rubella, scarlet fever, mumps, meningococcal meningitis, etc.);
• diseases of the blood and blood vessels (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, some hemoblastoses, hemophilia);
• diseases of internal organs, accompanied by a violation of blood clotting (cirrhosis of the liver, viral and toxic hepatitis);
• allergic diseases.

In addition, a rash can occur upon contact with nettles or other "stinging" plants, multiple mosquito bites. Therefore, the specialist is always faced with the task of determining the nature of the rash as soon as possible and prescribing the appropriate treatment.

Differences between a rash in infectious diseases and an allergic rash

Allergic skin rashes are most often not accompanied by an increase in body temperature, although there are exceptions, for example, in the case of a secondary infection. This is possible with multiple scratching and damage to the skin.

In infectious diseases, the temperature in most cases is increased, there are intoxication phenomena, such as severe weakness, aches all over the body, headache, fatigue. Small children who still cannot talk about their well-being become lethargic, drowsy. The elements of the rash in them can also be determined on the mucous membrane inside the oral cavity.

Usually it turns out the presence of contact with a person suffering from a particular infection. True, there are times when a newly ill person may not know about it. This often happens with diseases with airborne transmission, for example, with a long joint stay in the same bus cabin or in the same room with a patient who “forgets” to warn others.

An allergic rash is accompanied by severe itching. Therefore, a child suffering from it is usually restless, tries to scratch the places where there are rashes. His relatives often have various forms of allergic diseases (atopic bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema). Rashes of an allergic nature may be accompanied by the appearance of a watery discharge from the nose or swelling of the face.

For a rash in infectious diseases, in most cases, a staging of appearance is characteristic, that is, at first it occurs in one place, then it moves to another. The order of its distribution throughout the body is different for almost every infection. Therefore, it is important to remember it and inform the doctor when contacting.

With allergic contact dermatitis, rashes are localized in places of contact with the allergen. For example, when reacting to deodorant - in the armpit, to the fabric of clothing - in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe belt and other most tightly fitting areas, to the nickel-plated part of the bracelet - on the wrist. Urticaria, on the other hand, can be located anywhere, although it is more often localized on the flexor surfaces of the arms, abdomen, chest, and neck.

Of course, there are no rules without exception. So, if a child has chickenpox (an infectious disease with airborne transmission), the general well-being of the baby may not suffer. In this case, there is a rash, which is accompanied by itching and multiple scratching.

It is necessary to note the peculiarity of the rash with tick-borne borreliosis. Few people know that it can arise later long time after a tick bite (sometimes even up to a month). There are situations when it is confused with that of an allergy.

Therefore, the symptoms of an allergic rash are quite diverse, and an independent attempt to establish a diagnosis may result in an incorrectly chosen treatment. Sometimes a person has several diseases at the same time, which also makes diagnosis difficult.

Differences between a rash in diseases of the blood and blood vessels and rashes in allergies

The appearance of a rash in this situation is possible with an increase in the permeability of the vascular wall, with a decrease in the total number of platelets (these are specific blood cells that contribute to the formation of a blood clot) or in case of a violation of the synthesis in the body of some proteins involved in hematopoiesis and thrombosis.

The number of platelets can decrease with liver diseases (cirrhosis, alcoholic and viral hepatitis). In the same case, as a rule, the synthesis of prothrombin, a specific compound that participates (after transformation into thrombin) in the formation of a thrombus, suffers.

Sometimes a rash may appear a week or two after drinking. In most cases, it is not accompanied by itching, it can be localized on any part of the skin, however, it starts mainly from the abdomen. That is why you should not hide the fact of alcohol abuse from the doctor.

Such a rash may also occur when taking a number of tablets, such as aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), clopidogrel, warfarin, dabigatran. They are prescribed to prevent excessive thrombus formation in patients with artificial heart valves, arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, and a number of other diseases, but sometimes they can provoke bleeding and resulting rashes, which are small-point intradermal hemorrhages (sometimes up to large bruises).

Prolonged deficiency of vitamin C or P leads to an increase in the permeability of the walls of blood vessels and, as a result, to the appearance of a rash. This is revealed when following an incorrectly composed diet, for example, in order to reduce weight; with a serious pathology of the gastrointestinal tract with impaired absorption of these substances; with a long-term deficiency of these vitamins in the diet (in persons without a fixed place of residence or with low material wealth).

Features of laboratory parameters in allergic and non-allergic rash

Scarification (skin) tests are not essential in establishing a diagnosis, since they are not carried out at the time of an exacerbation of the allergic process. From special tests during this period, it is possible to determine the general and specific immunoglobulin E, which is an antibody produced by the body to the allergen. After the disappearance of the rash and the abolition of antihistamines (not earlier than after 3-5 days), skin tests are allowed.

In the general analysis of blood with an allergic nature of the rash, an increase in the number of eosinophils is often noted. With an infectious cause of the rash, the total number of leukocytes mainly increases, as well as neutrophils, mostly stab (colloquially, rods). There may also be an increase in ESR. In case of damage to the blood coagulation system and in a number of liver diseases, the number of platelets decreases.

In the biochemical analysis of blood in the case of an allergic rash, there are no pronounced changes. With rashes of an infectious nature, the content of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and sialic acids increases. The ratio between the protein fractions may be disturbed. With a hemorrhagic cause of rashes (cirrhosis of the liver, taking warfarin), the prothrombin index usually decreases and the prothrombin time increases.

Types of allergic rash

To the frequently asked question about what an allergy rash looks like, a specialist usually asks to imagine the condition of the skin after contact with nettles. Such manifestations are called allergic urticaria.

It is localized on any part of the human skin and in most cases is accompanied by itching, which distinguishes it from prickly heat. The latter occurs in places of greatest sweating (armpits, flexor surface of the elbow and knee joints). An allergen (with urticaria) can come from food or enter the body with inhaled air.

Sometimes allergic rashes have the character of red spots of various sizes. They are also accompanied by itching, and in some cases, peeling of the skin. In the case of their formation in places of direct contact with the allergen, the diagnosis of "allergic dermatitis" is made.

An erythematous rash is a red or pink patch that rises slightly above the rest of the skin. It occurs mainly as a manifestation of an allergy to food and is accompanied by itching.

With some allergic skin lesions, the rash has the character of bubbles, which can subsequently burst with the formation of weeping.

Thus, an allergic rash often resembles rashes in other diseases. The appearance of skin changes, the presence of other symptoms, as well as laboratory diagnostics help in establishing the correct diagnosis and prescribing treatment.

Itching, rashes of a non-infectious nature - the reaction of the immune system to an allergen substance. Due to the release of histamine, blood vessels are dilated, there is inflammation on the surface of the skin, red spots, blisters, itching. Sometimes the signs are similar to -,. In difficult cases, emergency medical care is needed - dizziness, nausea, convulsions, heart palpitations, and anaphylactic shock may occur in a few minutes.

The reasons

Skin allergies in children

Common causes of allergic dermatitis include:

• air pollution;
• abuse, unreasonable use of drugs;
• artificial feeding;
• mother's consumption during foods with a high content of nutritional supplements;
• nutrition during gestation with products that can cause an allergic reaction;
• genetic predisposition.

As a rule, atopic dermatitis manifests itself in children under the age of one year. The skin is inflamed, swelling accompanies pain.

The disease first affects the cheeks, scalp, shoulders. Itching is constant, the child scratches the affected skin. The rash peels off, the bubbles burst, covered with a yellow crust.

The next year, rashes appear in the elbow and popliteal folds, skin folds, the skin is thickened. Long-term, thorough treatment is needed to avoid relapse.

Treatment of atopic dermatitis is prescribed by a doctor, it differs in exacerbation and calm course of the disease.

There are other steps to take:

• eliminate the allergen from the diet;
• take antihistamines to eliminate itching;
• sedative (sedative) collections of valerian, motherwort, etc.

In the case of contact dermatitis, the cause of the body's reaction is a specific allergen that affects a specific area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin - a dye, chemical compound, material or substance. A number of tests are required to identify it.

How to treat allergies

Red spots, rashes on the skin, face - a violent reaction of the immune system to agents. If the body's defenses successfully cope with them, an allergic reaction does not occur.

In case of excessive susceptibility, painful manifestations are possible, therefore it is necessary to identify allergens - if the cause of the “triggering” is eliminated, allergic skin spots, blisters, itching do not recur.

A study confirms that vitamin D3 intake reduces the symptoms of chronic urticaria.

Do not take anti-edema drugs during pregnancy without a doctor's prescription.

For the treatment of skin allergies, drugs of the first generation are used - despite side effects in the form of drowsiness, confusion of thought. In individual cases, the doctor prescribes them together with second-generation drugs.

Diphenhydramine effectively eliminates allergic and pseudo-allergic symptoms, cleanses the skin, passes and vomits. The drug causes drowsiness, dryness of the mucous membranes, delays urination.

Suprastin is prescribed to eliminate rhinoconjunctivitis, urticaria, atopic dermatitis, itching. The disadvantage is the transience of the therapeutic effect, the drug does not accumulate in the body.

Tavegil copes well with symptoms such as itching, redness.

Peritol eliminates allergic manifestations, relieves headaches, migraines, improves. It is prescribed for the treatment of skin reactions in the form of urticaria when allergic to cold.

Second generation drugs:

Zyrtec effectively eliminates skin manifestations, penetrates the skin, it is well excreted by the kidneys.

Claritin copes with allergic reactions, it does not cause drowsiness, it is combined with other drugs.

Fenistil in terms of medicinal properties and duration of action is close to the first generation drugs, but with a less pronounced sedative effect.

A study of the results of the use of acupuncture for the treatment of chronic urticaria confirmed the lack of evidence for this mode of action.

Alternative treatment of allergies

• Scroll through a meat grinder 3s.l. roots, 2s.l fruits, add 1s.l. corn stigmas, 4 tbsp. , 1s.l. pharmacy, 2s.l. horsetail, 5 s.l. centaury, mix well.
• In the evening, put 1st.l. mixture in a glass of cold water, insist overnight.
• In the morning bring to a boil, cool, strain.

Keep refrigerated. Take a glass for dust allergies during the day, dividing it into three equal parts.

After the start of taking the resulting hardening to eliminate itching and local anesthesia, lubricate with menovazine. To be treated for six months, completely abandon alcohol. The first improvement comes in a month.

The study confirmed the effectiveness of the use of eyebright and butterbur in case of itchy eyes, with which according to the US Department of Health.

The study confirmed the decongestant properties of the enzyme bromelain, which is part of pineapples.

A study has confirmed the benefits of probiotics in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.

High doses of vitamin C have been reported to help with allergic rhinitis.

Part of the apple quercetin has an antihistamine effect.

What does skin allergy look like in adults? The answer to this question will help you understand when any signs appear, you should immediately go to see a doctor.

Many allergic dermatoses and other diseases against the background of hypersensitivity of the body are easier, faster and cheaper to treat if you visit a dermatologist and an allergist in time. The recommendations of doctors will be useful to all patients who pay attention to their health.

Causes

Doctors warn patients about two types of negative reactions:

• True allergy. Negative symptoms occur when the body comes into contact with a foreign protein, which provokes an increased production of immunoglobulin E. In response to the action of an irritant, against the background of the release of histamine, an immune reaction occurs, signs of allergy appear on the skin. With dermatitis of various kinds, intolerance to drugs, certain types of food, contact with irritating components, mild, moderate or severe symptoms occur.
• . Red spots, vesicles, itching, slight swelling of tissues appear with excessive consumption of products with high allergic activity. The main difference from a true allergy is that the immune system is not involved in the response to the irritant. When overeating, not only negative skin signs occur, but also vivid disorders of the digestive tract: diarrhea, bloating, epigastric pain. Pseudo-allergy is often caused by oranges, chocolate, eggs, honey. An important condition: a large amount of product: half a citrus does no harm, a kilogram of juicy fruit causes negative symptoms.

Main allergens:

• medicines;
• plant pollen;
• synthetic additives in the composition of products;
• bites of stinging insects;
• salts of heavy metals;
• wool and saliva of animals;
• prolonged contact with detergents, oils, disinfectants, solvents in everyday life and at work.

Signs and symptoms

What does skin allergy look like in adults? Symptoms depend on the type of disease, but with pseudo-allergy and an acute immune response, similar signs appear.

A visit to a dermatologist and an allergist is necessary if the following symptoms appear:

• peeling, redness of the skin;
• strong ;
• blisters, red spots;
• blisters on different parts of the body;
• seborrheic crusts;
• inflammation, hyperemia in the skin folds;
• conjunctivitis;
• nasal congestion;
• dermatitis, weeping eczema;
• tissue swelling;
• secretion of odorless and colorless mucus from the nasal passages;
• itching, swelling of the eyelids;
• headache;
• swelling of the palate, tongue, face, larynx. An ambulance call is needed: a severe form of allergy is developing - dangerous.

Types of skin allergies

Doctors distinguish several types of skin allergies in adults:

• contact dermatitis. Blisters, rashes, redness are the result of the action of toxic substances, household chemicals, washing powder, cosmetic formulations, varnishes and paints;
• . Severe disease with a complex of negative symptoms. At an early stage, peeling, itching, crusts appear, then weeping develops, serous wells form, sores, papules appear, the patient feels unbearable itching. During the period of remission, the signs are mild, the skin thickens;
• atopic dermatitis more often develops in children of the first year of life, sometimes atopy persists in youth and adulthood. The face, elbows, skin folds, knees are covered with red crusts on the inside, itching is felt, a rash is noticeable. One of the causes of the disease is hereditary predisposition. Atopy is aggravated after the baby or nursing mother consumes highly allergenic foods. Dermatitis in adults develops upon contact with irritants against the background of weakened immunity, chronic diseases, digestive problems;
• or toxic-allergic dermatitis. The disease develops after taking medication. The main irritants:, sulfonamides. Acute reactions are often noticeable, the negative effect of drugs on many organs and systems. The main signs: erythematous rash, erythema on the mucous membranes of the mouth, hands, groin, blisters appear less frequently. Dangerous form - with a complex of negative manifestations. In the absence of competent therapy, blisters cover up to 80-90% of the body, the state of health worsens, a fatal outcome is possible;
• . Red spots or pale pink blisters appear on the skin (with giant urticaria, convex formations are not light, but purple). Sometimes there is a rash that resembles nettle burns. Skin negative reactions appear suddenly, the body itches, after treatment, the symptoms disappear without a trace.

How to distinguish skin allergies from skin diseases

When rashes, redness, itching appear on the body, face, scalp, it is important to remember:

• what foods were on the menu yesterday/today/last week, how many citrus fruits, honey, chocolate, eggs were eaten these days;
• whether potent drugs were prescribed: antibiotics, painkillers, sulfonamides often cause allergies;
• perhaps the symptoms arose after the recent introduction of a cat or dog into the house;
• maybe negative reactions appeared after walking next to thickets of ambrosia, flowering alder, birch or poplar;
• whether gloves were used to protect hands when using caustic household chemicals.

So you have to go through all the points about the action of possible allergens (the types of irritants are described in the section "Causes of skin allergies in adults"). Preliminary analysis is important to suggest which substance, food or drug may have caused negative symptoms. The next step is a visit to the doctor. At the doctor's appointment, it is important to give detailed answers for each item so that the doctor evaluates the clinical picture of the disease.

On a note! The main difference between an allergic reaction and a dermatological disease is the simultaneous appearance of additional signs. With any type of allergy, conjunctivitis develops, lacrimation, transparent mucus is released from the nose. The patient sneezes, often 5-10 times in a row. Noticeable redness of the conjunctiva, swelling of the tissues, a cough without sputum occurs, pressure decreases, eyelids, lips, and face often swell. Signs of allergic reactions appear to a greater or lesser extent, but they are always there. Conventional ointments and creams do not affect the strength of skin signs; it is impossible to eliminate symptoms without antihistamines.

Causes of advanced cases of the disease

What mistakes do patients with skin manifestations make most often? How to prevent severe allergies in adults?

Helpful Hints:

• many patients in whom the doctor diagnoses eczema, urticaria, contact and atopic dermatitis, neurodermatitis come to the doctor's office late when the disease has passed into the chronic stage. One of the reasons is self-medication, the use of homemade ointments, potent, but inappropriate for a particular patient, ointments and creams;
• for allergies in adults with pronounced skin symptoms, antihistamines (local remedies and allergy tablets on the skin) are required. Without anti-allergic drugs, even the most expensive ointment for allergies on the skin in adults with a wound-healing, softening effect will not completely eliminate the symptoms. In severe cases, the doctor prescribes a short course of hormonal creams to combat allergic inflammation;
• the active components of antihistamines suppress the release of histamine, interrupt the chain of negative reactions, do not allow the immune response to the stimulus to develop;
• only with a decrease in the level of immunoglobulin E all types of signs accompanying allergic diseases subside. For this reason, when negative symptoms appear on the skin, you should not experience "miraculous" balms and ointments, take herbal baths, drink pills on the advice of neighbors or relatives;
• only a visit to a dermatologist, consultation of an allergist (according to indications) will allow clarifying the diagnosis, prescribing the correct, timely therapy.

Effective Treatments

How and how to treat skin allergies? After confirming the diagnosis and the allergic nature of the disease, the doctor prescribes a set of measures. For successful treatment, contact and, ointments or tablets alone are not enough: it is necessary to influence the cause of the disease from the inside and outside, follow a diet, give up some habits. Only with this approach, therapy will be effective.

General rules of therapy

Five basic principles of treatment:

• Identification of the irritant, refusal to contact with the allergen. If it is impossible to comply with this rule (the effect of cold, UV rays, strong wind, pollen), protect the body: medical mask, face and hand cream, respirator, nose filters.
• with skin allergies. It is allowed to consume foods with a low risk of allergic reactions. Prohibited names: , bold , . You should not eat sea fish, ready-made sauces, pickles, canned food, strawberries, raspberries, tomatoes. Names with artificial ingredients do not benefit: preservatives, emulsifiers, dyes.
• Reception of a complex of medicines. Mandatory preparations for external application and oral administration. An important element is sorbents that actively cleanse the body.
• Avoiding excessive alcohol consumption(it is better not to drink at all during therapy), smoking. , cocoa, sweet soda, strong black tea - drinks that often cause.
• Replacement of household chemicals(powders and aerosols) means in the form of a gel or liquid concentrate. The absence of volatile allergens reduces the risk of skin reactions. Hand protection, warning

There may be various disturbances in the functioning of the body. But most often this symptom brings with it an exacerbated allergy. Red spots are one of the most common changes on the epidermis, which is a cause for concern and a visit to dermatologists and allergists.

Why does redness appear on the skin?

Some patients, not hurrying to seek advice from specialists, mistakenly consider skin allergies to be a harmless pathology. Red spots itch, increase in size and spread throughout the body. In no case should this symptom be ignored. The very presence of external manifestations indicates the effect of an irritant, which, in order to avoid complications, it is desirable to eliminate as soon as possible.

Human skin is an objective indicator of the general condition of the body. The appearance of any defect on the epidermis, not associated with the influence of any external factors, reflects a hidden health problem. Red spots with allergies in themselves are not considered a serious pathology, although they can also cause a lot of problems, complicating the course of the disease. Of particular importance is their localization and severity, which allow you to determine the causes of occurrence and draw up a plan for further therapeutic measures.

Allergic "mechanism" of the appearance of spots on the body

If red spots appear on the hands, face or all over the body due to allergies, itchy and flaky, one of the following should be considered the culprit in the predominant number of cases:

1. Reaction to food, medicines, animal hair, detergents, etc. When the irritant is eliminated or its effect on the skin stops, the allergy will go away, red spots will go along with it.
2. Unbalanced nutrition. The systematic predominance of some foods over others in the diet leads to a response of the body. So, for example, with an excess of fried or spicy foods, red spots can appear on the body. Allergies of this type are most often found in people with weakened immunity, who are deficient in the intake of vitamins and valuable minerals.
3. Diseases of the autonomic nervous system, heart and blood vessels. Such rashes mainly appear against the background of experiences, stressful situations, depression, depression. In such a case, red spots become only an alarming "bell" of more serious health problems.

Complications of allergic rash in children

Rashes on the skin, regardless of the causes provoking their appearance, do not entail serious consequences. Complications are not uncommon with allergies and are known to be disturbing. It is more difficult for a child to cope with itching, and therefore, despite the warnings of adults, babies often comb the rashes, which injure the epidermis, turning it into a kind of gateway for attaching a bacterial or fungal infection.

It becomes more difficult to get rid of skin lesions, and antiallergic treatment is supplemented with hormonal external preparations, local antibiotics.

Allergic skin diseases

Another cause of allergies in the form of red spots can be chronic skin diseases - eczema, atopic dermatitis. For such pathologies, a delayed-type mechanism is characteristic, which works when exposed to certain stimuli. These diseases require constant monitoring, a number of preventive measures and maintenance therapy. The slightest deviation from the rules and meeting with the allergen leads to the appearance of red spots on the skin. Allergy treatment, as a rule, is the use of a complex of external preparations and systemic procedures to strengthen the immune system.

Another type of pathological reaction is called an immediate type allergy. These include hives, the body's response to low temperatures. In addition to rashes, it is important to pay attention to other symptoms that accompany the red spots on the skin that appeared during the treatment of allergies. Whether they itch or not, whether swelling has occurred, whether breathing has become more frequent, the pulse - all this is of fundamental importance for adjusting the existing therapy plan.

Localization of red spots on the body: what does it mean?

The location of the rash is of great importance for determining the etiology of the disease. As a rule, redness does not protrude above the level of the upper epidermal layers, while maintaining the density and relief of the surface within the normal range. In the beginning, barely having time to become noticeable, the spots do not itch, they are small. But gradually itching joins them, the rashes increase in area, growing to extensive erythema. To external symptoms, a general deterioration in well-being is often added.

The localization of red spots largely depends on the type of allergen and how it affects the skin. If the irritant acts from the inside (food, medicine, dye, preservative, etc.), the rash most often appears on the stomach, when applying low-quality cosmetics - on the face, and in the case of using inappropriate household chemicals - on the hands. So, with increased sensitivity to animal hair, plant pollen (ragweed), spots spread throughout the body.

Rashes as a sign of photodermatitis

Often, the localization of rashes allows you to establish the main directions in the treatment of allergies. Red spots itch (the photo of the rash is presented for clarity) and rapidly increase when exposed to the sun? This means that, first of all, it is necessary to protect open areas of the body from direct rays - the face, hands, legs. Under the influence of ultraviolet radiation, not red, but pink, slightly swollen spots may form on the skin.

Red Spots: Psoriasis, Urticaria, Ringworm or Simple Allergy?

An allergic reaction as a response to a weakened immune system can lead to the development of psoriasis, the first symptoms of which are also red spots. A distinctive feature of this disease is the rapid transition of small-sized erythema into silvery scales, resembling dense plaques, crusts. Such rashes are most often located in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe knees, elbows, head, and back.

Red spots, but pink lichen manifests itself completely differently. For this disease, which also has an allergic nature of occurrence, an oval rash is characteristic, slightly rising above the epidermis. Spots are localized on the arms, abdomen, in the chest area. Small red dots moving around various parts of the body are hives. A mild form of such an allergy, as a rule, does not require medical intervention and disappears on its own within 1-2 days.

What are the complications of allergies?

Any disease requires a doctor's consultation, and allergies are no exception. Red spots are, as already mentioned, "the tip of the iceberg." If you let this pathology take its course and do not engage in treatment, the process may aggravate. With the development of allergies, there is a risk of sudden onset of anaphylactic shock, angioedema, cardiac disorders, seizures and other life-threatening complications.

Even more attention should be paid to red spots in a child. Allergy, the symptoms of which do not go away within three days and are accompanied by fever, peeling of the skin, is the reason for an immediate visit to the pediatrician or allergist. In childhood, such rashes should be considered as an unfavorable signal of the body, indicating malfunctions in the immune system.

Allergies, as a rule, are not a reason for hospitalization, but this does not mean that you can self-medicate. Any drugs should be taken under the supervision and supervision of a physician. In addition, it is unlikely that it will be possible to correctly select them without having the appropriate qualifications.

Diagnostics

Before prescribing certain drugs, it is necessary to determine what exactly caused the pathological response of the body, that is, to identify the irritant. Further actions to treat the disease will depend on the nature of the allergen. Since most often it is problematic to identify and eliminate it, the following instructions should be followed during the diagnostic process:

1. Conduct an analysis. The patient should remember and tell the doctor everything that may be related to the origin of the allergy, the appearance of spots on the skin: when it started, what it could be connected with, what were the changes in the usual way of life during this period, whether any things were purchased, appeared whether there are animals in the house, etc.
2. Laboratory research. The skin is carried out as follows: a drop of allergenic solutions is applied to an open area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin (most often, the back of the hand). When any pathological reaction of the epidermis occurs, the reaction is considered positive. If the test did not give an accurate answer about the allergen, they proceed to the next stage of diagnosis.
3. A blood test for antibodies - in case of exceeding the norm, an allergic reaction is confirmed.

The main principles of treatment

Itching and skin peeling are not the most pleasant sensations that occur with allergies. Red spots itch and hold back so as not to injure the skin, unbearable. It is impossible to concentrate on work, to concentrate on anything. Therefore, turning to a doctor with allergic red spots, the patient can be sure that the treatment will solve the following problems:

• eliminate inflammation of the skin;
• relieve itching and reduce redness;
• stop the progression of symptoms and the spread of rashes in particular.

Antihistamines

The attending physician will prescribe medications, he will also recommend the dosage and determine the duration of the course. Despite the fact that in each case the therapeutic regimen is drawn up individually for each patient, it is easy to single out its general provisions. So, the treatment of allergies, accompanied by rashes, is based on the use of antihistamines. It is possible to achieve skin desensitization faster if the external application of creams, ointments is supplemented by taking anti-allergic drugs inside. Among the oral antihistamines, the most popular should be noted:

• "Tsetrin".
• "Fenistil".
• "Zodak".
• "Zyrtec".
• "Suprastin".
• Telfast.
• "Loratadin".

Hormonal ointments

Medicines are prescribed according to the age of the patient. Not all of them are suitable for use in children due to the severity of side effects. At advanced stages of the disease, treatment is supplemented with drugs of a hormonal nature. Such remedies can cure the most severe allergies, eczema, dermatitis. But the funds of this group have a lot of contraindications, so they are prescribed with extreme caution, and the duration of the course is limited to 7-10 days. Among hormonal creams and ointments, it should be noted:

• "Advantan".
• Hydrocortisone ointment.
• "Elocom".
• "Celestoderm".
• "Sinaflan".
• "Dermovate".
• "Locoid".
• "Afloderm".

Anti-inflammatory external agents

The main emphasis in the treatment of allergies is on the use of anti-inflammatory ointments and creams. They contribute to the rapid elimination of spots, help to start the processes of regeneration of the skin, eliminating peeling and increasing local immunity of the affected epidermis. Unlike hormonal analogues, these drugs are allowed to be applied until recovery:

• "Radevit".
• "Traumel".
• "Bepanthen"
• Salicylic ointment.

Other treatments

If the cause of the rash lies in disorders of the nervous system, stress, emotional tension, the doctor will prescribe sedatives. The course begins with taking drugs of minimal strength, which include extract of motherwort, valerian, peony. In rare cases, if the effect of herbal preparations is not enough, experts prescribe "heavy" tranquilizers and antidepressants.

And, of course, the treatment of allergies implies the observance of a strict diet without fail and rigorously. During the period of exacerbation, it is important to exclude from the diet all foods that, directly or indirectly, could provoke a pathological reaction of the body.

In any case, red spots on the body cannot be taken unambiguously. The task of paramount importance that faces the doctor and the patient is to find out the cause of the rash and eliminate it. It is also not worth delaying contacting a doctor because often seemingly harmless rashes are a symptom of a serious infectious, autoimmune or oncological disease.