The most allergenic foods for children. Common food allergens: a list of foods that are dangerous for patients with hypersensitivity of the body and increase the risk of adverse reactions. Will a child outgrow an allergy?

Increasingly, there is evidence in the literature that a strict diet for allergies can be not only not useful, but also harmful. How to choose the right diet for an allergic child? This article will help to understand how a hypoallergenic diet should be built for children with various allergic diseases.

Allergy is a disease that develops as a result of an inadequate reaction of the body to the ingestion of a foreign protein. This substance can penetrate in various ways:

aerogenic, and then hay fever develops;
contact, which entails the development of contact dermatitis;
parenteral, causing drug or insect venom allergy;
and, of course, food.

In case of food allergies, in order to exclude contact of the body with an allergenic protein, it is required to exclude products containing this protein from the diet.

Elimination Diet

It has a very specific character. From consumed products, you need to remove specific, specific, only those to which there is hypersensitivity. Use specific diets when it is impossible to conduct an accurate diagnosis, or at its earliest stages (including self-diagnosis).

To determine which product an undesirable reaction develops, the “suspects” are removed one by one and the condition of the allergic person is monitored.

Non-specific diet

The second option is a basic, non-specific diet. It is needed in order to, by turning off all the “dangerous” products in terms of allergies from the diet, to reduce the overall nutritional burden on the body.

It is required for people with allergies of any kind, as well as in the first stages of an allergic examination.

Thus, the appointment of a hypoallergenic diet is as follows:

diagnostic search for a trigger allergen;
exclusion of contact with a trigger allergen;
reduction of the total allergenic load on the body;
replenishment of excluded nutrients and trace elements at the expense of other products.

The last point is of key importance, since a strict hypoallergenic diet for children is necessary and important only during a period of severe exacerbation, before the appointment of therapy. The rest of the time, it is important not so much to exclude the allergen from food (with food allergies), but to form a complete balanced diet, taking into account such an exception.

General principles for the formation of a diet for allergies in a child

During the formation of the diet, it is very important to take into account the characteristics of the child's body.

So, it must be remembered that children are much more likely than adults to need protein and fiber. This is due to the extremely high activity of the child (especially at the age of 3-7 years), and the need to "finish" all systems and organs. But it so happened that it is animal protein that most often provokes an inadequate immune response.

The second point is the high prevalence of allergy to cow's milk protein. In addition, there are certain differences between "children's" food allergies and "adult":

in most children, the immune reaction is combined with a non-immune one (the so-called pseudo-allergy is realized);
most often polyallergenic sensitization takes place;
the older the child, the higher the likelihood of developing a cross-allergy.

The last point is connected, first of all, with the expansion of the child's diet.

Taking into account all the above features, we can distinguish the basic principles for the formation of any hypoallergenic diet - both specific and non-specific:

diet is necessary for any allergic disease whether it is food hypersensitivity, hay fever or contact dermatitis;
with food allergies it is necessary to accurately determine the trigger allergen;
necessary maximum elimination of animal protein and replacing it with vegetable;
allowed use fermented milk products;
necessarily exclusion of histamine liberator products;
it is important to exclude not only causative allergens, but also cross stimuli(especially important for hay fever);
required strict control completeness and balance of the diet.

About the cooking method

Food for children with allergies should be baked, steamed or boiled.

Rules to follow

An individual selection of a diet for allergies in a child is important

Another point worth focusing on is the rules that must be followed if a child needs a hypoallergenic diet:

Working in tandem with an allergist. You can not independently exclude foods from the diet or introduce them, especially in severe allergies;
Strict compliance. You can not "follow the lead" of a child asking for an allergenic product. It is important to remember that with true allergies, even a small portion is enough to form a severe allergic reaction;
Timely adjustment. There is a possibility of self-healing of some types of allergies with age, as well as the emergence of new ones;
Hypoallergenic life. Must go in conjunction with a diet - regular wet cleaning, the absence of mold, dust in the house, if possible, pets, the use of air filters.

Stages of entering a diet for allergies in a child

Identification of a trigger factor, selection of a diet. Provocative tests, scarification tests, empirical diet therapy are carried out. The duration of this stage is the higher, the more allergens are direct irritants;
Supportive care. The longest stage in diet therapy (its duration varies from 3-5 months to several years. At this stage, all foods that are allergenic to humans are excluded;
Diet expansion. The transition criterion is complete clinical and laboratory remission. At this stage, starting from the minimum doses, minimally allergenic products are introduced first, then cross-allergens and, in case of successful introduction, attempts are made to introduce more and more strong allergens.

Non-specific diet

A non-specific diet means the exclusion of all highly allergenic foods. She is appointed on the very first visit to an allergist with complaints about the presence of hypersensitivity reactions.

Elimination diets of the most "broad spectrum" are used. According to I.V. Borisova, Professor of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, all products are divided into three types according to the degree of their allergenic activity. Highlight products:

High Activity:

chicken eggs;
milk;
fish products;
chicken meat;
tomatoes;
citruses;
bananas;
baker's yeast;
chocolate products, cocoa beans;
all kinds of nuts;
melon;
celery;
any spices.

Medium activity:

beef;
pork meat;
horse meat;
turkey;
wheat
rye products;
barley;
oat products;
carrot;
cucumbers;
beets;
peas;
beans;
apricots;
apples;
grape;
kiwi;
pineapples;
raspberries;

Weak activity:

lamb meat;
rabbit meat;
buckwheat;
vegetable marrow;
cabbage;
turnip;
pumpkin;
prunes;
pear;
watermelons;
salad;
blueberries;
cranberries;
lingonberries.

Union of Pediatricians of Russia offers a similar scheme for the distribution of products according to their allergenicity:

Table: Diet for allergies in a child from the Union of Pediatricians of Russia (part 1)

Table: Diet for allergies in a child from the Union of Pediatricians of Russia (part 2)

Dr. E.O. Komarovsky names the six most allergenic foods:

egg;
peanut;
milk protein;
wheat;
fish.

Ado hypoallergenic diet for children

Photo: Professor Andrei Dmitrievich Ado

HELL. Ado, a Soviet pathophysiologist, immunologist and allergist, studying the trigger mechanisms of allergic reactions, found out that there are products that are practically obligate (mandatory) allergens, and there are those that are relatively safe in terms of allergies.

The Ado diet for allergic children, formed back in 1987, is based on this: the exclusion of “aggressive” food and its replacement with a more gentle one.

The advantages of this diet:

a specific list of foods that should not be consumed, rather than a lengthy definition of "dangerous food";
exclusion of all allergens at once, which ensures the rapid elimination of the clinical symptoms of allergies;
the ability to introduce obligate allergens into the diet in turn, finding out which irritant the reaction develops to.

However, this technique also has disadvantages:

extreme nonspecificity;
lack of focus on the individual characteristics of each child.

What is possible with this hypoallergenic diet for a child, and what is not

By Ado can be consumed the following products:

boiled beef;
soups from cereals or vegetables;
“sour milk” (curd mass, curdled milk, kefir products);
butter, olive, sunflower oils;
buckwheat, hercules, rice;
lean bread (white);
cucumbers (only fresh);
parsley, dill;
baked apples;
sugar;
apple compote.

Necessary remove from diet without fail:

any citrus;
any nuts;
fish and seafood;
all poultry (including turkey);
chocolate and cocoa;
coffee;
smoked meats;
spices;
tomatoes;
eggplant;
mushrooms;
chicken and quail eggs;
milk;
strawberries, wild strawberries;
pineapples;
muffin (especially fresh);
alcohol (relevant for older teenagers).

Hypoallergenic diet menu for children for 7 days (according to Ado)

Thus, the diet menu for children for a week may look like this:

Day of the week	Breakfast	Dinner	afternoon tea	Dinner	Second dinner
Monday	Oatmeal on water, butter sandwich, sweet tea	Soup in vegetable broth, broccoli with boiled tongue, cabbage salad with vegetable oil, apple compote	Hard cookie, peach juice	Mashed potatoes, beef meatballs, tea	Kefir, gingerbread
Tuesday	Pancakes on the water with apple jam, chicory	Buckwheat porridge on the water, beef stroganoff, tea	Apple, savory biscuit	Stuffed cabbage, tea	Ryazhenka, savory biscuits
Wednesday	Porridge "five cereals" on the water, a sandwich with butter, tea	Vegetable puree soup, vegetable stew with sausage, tea	Drinkable yogurt, Viennese waffles	Braised cabbage with sausage	Kefir, gingerbread
Thursday	Yogurt, banana, bread, tea	Noodles, ground beef cooked in a double boiler or fried without oil, dried fruit compote	Prunes	Vegetable stew with sausage, cranberry juice	Carrots with sour cream and sugar
Friday	Baked apples, raisins, cherry juice	Pea soup with vegetable broth, mashed potatoes with beef stew, coleslaw, tea	Yogurt, yeast-free dough puff	Boiled rice, cauliflower, green beans, tongue, rosehip	Kefir, gingerbread
Saturday	Dairy-free rice porridge, cheese toast, chicory	Buckwheat porridge with beef meatballs, tea	Dried apricots	Cucumber salad with olive oil, vegetable puree soup	Ryazhenka, cookies
Sunday	Cottage cheese casserole with jam, tea	Boiled beef, cabbage salad, chicory	Curd with banana	Noodles with sausage, peach juice	Yogurt, dried fruits

It is worth noting that this diet is suitable for a child of any age (over 2 years old), but is exemplary and requires adjustment in portion sizes.

In addition to the Ado hypoallergenic diet, vitamin therapy is required.

In addition, you should try to exclude from the diet products with dyes, flavors, emulsifiers and other non-natural additives.

specific diet

In this section, it is worth considering the types of dietary nutrition for various diseases and symptom complexes, and separately for food allergies to specific groups of irritants. Despite the fact that, in general, dietary tables are similar. Each case has its own characteristics.

Diet for respiratory allergies

When allergic to pollen (especially birch), it is important to exclude cross-allergens

With pollinosis, it is most important to exclude cross-allergens. This is necessary in order to avoid the development of oral allergic syndrome. Depending on which plant pollen becomes an irritant, there are lists of cross-allergens.

At bronchial asthma, which often becomes a symptom or outcome of hay fever, the main symptom of which is broncho-obstructive syndrome, it is extremely important to exclude honey from the diet so as not to provoke an episode of bronchial obstruction and, as a result, suffocation, cough, heaviness in the chest.

Diet for skin allergies

Photo: Atopic dermatitis

It has been proven that when it comes to treatment for children with allergic dermatitis caused not by food allergies, but direct contact with the allergen, as well as with eczema, with urticaria, provoked by this factor, diet therapy does not play a significant role.

A minimal restriction of highly allergenic foods during periods of exacerbations is sufficient.

But the hypoallergenic diet for children with atopic dermatitis must be chosen much more carefully and with care. This is especially important if atopic dermatitis is caused by food allergies.

In this case, the elimination of the trigger factor is actually etiopathogenetic therapy and determines the success of the treatment. But even in the absence of a direct reaction of an allergic person to food, it is necessary to follow a non-specific diet.

Diet for food allergies in children

With food allergies, the exclusion of the trigger allergen itself, as well as all cross-stimuli, is of key importance.

There are several main options for diet tables:

diet without milk
diet for hypersensitivity to cereals;
diet for hypersensitivity to egg protein;
soy allergy diet
diet for allergies to yeast and mold.

Dairy free diet

Photo: Manifestations of an allergy to milk protein

This type of diet can be prescribed for hypersensitivity to cow's milk protein. In the most difficult situation, when the child does not tolerate either milk or dairy products, should refrain from using:

cow's milk;
any type of milk powder;
margarine;
whey;
kefir;
fermented baked milk;
cream;
yogurt;
cottage cheese;
ice cream;
cheese;
condensed milk.

Often traces of milk protein can contain:

confectionery, sweets;
creams and sauces;
waffles;
biscuit;
sausage and sausages.

casein;
casein hydrolyzate;
buttermilk;
sodium caseinate;
potassium caseinate;
calcium caseinate;
lactalbumin;
lactoglobulin.

It is worth noting that many allergy sufferers who are sensitive to cow's milk calmly tolerate goat and mare's milk, beef, and sour-milk products. In this case, the selection of the diet should be made empirically under the supervision of an allergist.

It is necessary to compensate for the lack of milk and dairy products with lean meat, poultry, soy, legumes. Mandatory control over the intake of calcium in the body. Age norms:

You can compensate for calcium deficiency with vitamin complexes, as well as fish, legumes, and vegetables. You need to take vitamin D.

Diet for allergies to cereals

From the child's diet should be excluded:

wheat-based dishes;
porridge;
cereal side dishes;
bread;
breadcrumbs for breading;
bran;
cookies, rolls;
pasta;
cupcakes;
mayonnaise and ketchup;
chocolate;
soy sauce;
ice cream.

It is important to pay attention to such names on the packaging:

vegetable protein (including its hydrolysates);
vegetable starch;
malt and flavorings based on it;
monosodium glutamate.

Be careful with emulsifiers, thickeners, flavors, which also often contain cereal proteins.

You can compensate for these products with barley, oats, rye, rice, buckwheat, cornmeal. However, this should be done with caution, keeping in mind the possibility of developing cross-allergies.

Diet for egg allergy

Necessary remove from food everything that contains egg white:

omelette;
marshmallow;
some pastries;
mayonnaise and other sauces;
sausages, sausages;
nougat;
meringue;
sherbet.

You should beware of such names on the label:

albumins;
globulins;
lysozyme;
lecithin;
livetin;
ovomucin;
ovomucoid;
vitellin.

To replace egg white (and this is usually required for baking), you can use flaxseed, soy flour and cottage cheese, gelatin, potato starch. In addition, a large number of recipes are available for the preparation of which eggs are not required.

Soy allergy diet

It is necessary to exclude dishes in which this product is used, incl. some sausages, sausages, minced meat, dough, coffee, chocolate, ice cream, margarine. Do not eat soy sauce.

In case of hypersensitivity to yeast, you should not:

muffin;
vinegar;
sauerkraut;
dairy products;
fruit juices;
kvass;
alcoholic drinks, especially beer (especially true for teenagers!).

Diet for other diseases

With hemorrhagic vasculitis, which has another name - allergic purpura - diet therapy is very important. On the one hand, food allergy is often the cause of autoimmune aseptic inflammation. On the other hand, one of the main elements of the treatment of hemorrhagic vasculitis is the appointment of hormonal drugs.

This type of drug causes a constant feeling of hunger, which, if uncontrolled food intake, can lead to a sharp weight gain. That is why monitoring the child's diet during the illness is very important.

However, this disease is not treated on an outpatient basis, all children are necessarily placed in a hospital, so it is easier to follow a diet. Should be excluded:

causative allergens (if any);
products that have ever caused adverse reactions, including allergies or food intolerances;
obligate allergens.

With Quincke's edema, the diet should also be selected in accordance with the allergic history. If this condition was caused by an insect bite or the administration of a drug, a non-specific diet is sufficient. In the case when the edema was provoked by a food allergen, its exclusion is absolutely necessary.

Useful video: hypoallergenic diet mistakes

Hypoallergenic diet for children of all ages

The data above is pretty generic. However, it is impossible to deny that the nutrition of a child at the age of 8 months and 16 years is categorically different things. That is why it is important to highlight the features of a hypoallergenic diet for children of different ages.

Nutrition for children up to a year

For infants, the main allergen is cow's milk protein. That is why products based on it are introduced into complementary foods late, not earlier than the 8th month of life. As for the main type of nutrition, this issue is relevant for those children who are on artificial or mixed feeding.

A mixture of cow's milk is contraindicated for them, hypoallergenic products are needed, for example:

Photo: Nutrilak Peptidi MCT

Nutrilon Pepti;
Nutrilak Peptidi;
Tutteli-Peptidi;
Nutramigen;
Pregestimil;
Frisopep AS.

For children with other types of allergies, hypoallergenic mixtures should also be prescribed, however, it is acceptable to use food based on moderately or partially hydrolyzed casein:

Nutrilak GA;
Nutrilon GA;
Humana GA;
GA theme
and etc.

In the event that the child is breastfed, it is necessary to adjust the nutrition of the nursing mother. She may be given a dairy-free or gluten-free diet, or a non-specific hypoallergenic diet may be recommended.

The introduction of complementary foods in such babies should not be started early - at least from 5.5 months, and preferably from 6.5. The order of adding new products remains approximately the same as in a healthy child, but it is imperative to discuss this issue with a pediatrician and an allergist.

Nutrition for children from one to three years

During this period, diet therapy is especially important.

Hypoallergenic diet for children 1 year old:

necessarily implies the exclusion of milk.
Dairy products are allowed if they are well tolerated.
It is impossible to give the child products from the group of highly allergenic, the transition to a common table is unacceptable, the food should be lightly salted, without spices, preferably without chemical additives.

hypoallergenic diet for a 2 year old child:

allows the introduction of chicken and quail eggs with good tolerance, but does not allow the transition to a common table.

hypoallergenic diet for a child 3 years old:

already makes it possible to transfer the child to an "adult" diet, fish and nuts are allowed.
However, even with a favorable course of the disease, it is not recommended to give the child chocolate, cocoa, tropical fruits, strawberries and wild strawberries, mushrooms, citrus fruits, tomatoes, seasonings.

Diet No. 5 GA for children 1-3 years old - menu

Sample menu for a day of a hypoallergenic diet for young children.

Menu for the day of the hypoallergenic diet No. 5 ha for young children with food allergies

Diet for allergies in children older than three years, adolescents

By and large, a hypoallergenic menu for a week for a child of three and twelve years old differs only in the amount of servings. However, it is much easier to control small children than older ones: pocket money appears, time spent outside the attention of parents.

Therefore, the importance of explaining to the child why he should not eat certain foods comes to the fore.

In older adolescence, prohibitions on:

alcoholic drinks;
fast food;
products with a large number of dyes, flavors, flavorings.

Thus, the formation of a hypoallergenic diet is a very responsible process, in which it is important to take into account many factors, such as the type of allergy, the age of the child, and the trigger factor. Therefore, it is better to entrust the preparation of the diet to a specialist.

We must not forget that the observance of a hypoallergenic diet for children is one of the most important, and sometimes the main, element of the treatment of an allergic disease.

Recipes for some dishes for children with allergies

Sources

Food allergy in children: a modern view of the problem. Journal of the Attending Physician. A. S. Botkin. Link: lvrach.ru/2012/06/15435447/
Therapeutic nutrition of children of the first year of life suffering from food allergies. Journal of the Attending Physician. T. E. Borovik, N. N. Semenova, V. A. Revyakina. Link: lvrach.ru/2002/06/4529515/

Threats to the health and well-being of the child come from various sources. Allergenic products also cause a lot of problems. Out of ignorance or simply because of inattention, parents do not take this into account. As a result, an allergic reaction develops, the elimination of which is sometimes a rather difficult task. There are many foods that have the potential to cause allergies. You need to look at at least the most allergenic foods for children in order to exclude them from the diet.

Why Foods Cause Allergies in Children

To determine the allergenic food, you will first have to understand how it affects the children's body. The main mechanism of allergy is an inadequate response of the immune system to certain pathogens. Normally, if a baby in infancy received a sufficient amount of mother's milk and developed correctly, an allergic reaction is unlikely. Or, at least, it will disappear with age, because the digestive system will “ripen”.

But in those situations when the baby did not receive breast milk in the required volume, or the mother ate improperly during the feeding period, there is a tendency to be allergic to certain products. It also occurs if the child is transferred to artificial mixtures too early. And, of course, one cannot ignore the factor of heredity. It also affects the functioning of the immune system.

What foods are the most allergenic for children

With how allergies occur, we have now figured out. And you can begin to consider the products for which it appears especially often. Each of these products can be given to children. But this must be done with caution and in small quantities. What foods are the most allergenic? The main ones are shown below.

Most Allergenic Foods

If you wish, you can divide all the products that threaten children with allergies into several categories. Let's start with the most popular foods that are introduced into the daily diet.

Cow's milk. Own, milk itself does not harm children. But this drink (or product) contains protein, which the body of preschoolers absorbs with difficulty. What then to say about children who are not yet 2-3 years old?
Fish, primarily marine, and seafood. This is a product that was not known to the ancestors of most compatriots. That is, he is "foreign". Of course, unless many generations of your relatives lived near the sea. Until about a year old, it is better not to give such an allergenic product to a child.
Any eggs. It doesn’t matter if it’s chicken or quail, eggs can still cause allergies if the child is less than a year and a half old. The reason is the same as in the case of cow's milk.
Chicken meat. In principle, almost any meat is allergenic for children. But chicken in this case is especially dangerous. Even when the child is two years old, you still need to introduce chicken meat carefully. The skin is necessarily removed from it, which is the most allergenic “part”.
Mushrooms. Another product containing a large amount of protein, albeit vegetable. Mushrooms, in addition, are difficult to digest by the child's body. This means that their use will have to be abandoned. Moreover, doctors recommend not giving this allergenic product to children before the start of school age.
Nuts. Not all, but mostly peanuts. The same problem is an excess of protein, which the child's body is unable to break down and assimilate.

It turns out that all the main products can be called allergenic. This does not mean that they should be abandoned completely. But it is important to add them to the child's menu carefully. Then the allergenicity of this food will not be as pronounced as it could be.

The most allergenic fruits and vegetables

Parents try to include vegetables and fruits in their child's diet, as they contain a lot of vitamins. Here, too, one must be careful. There are incredibly many fruits, vegetables and berries that threaten an allergic reaction. It is easier not to list them, but to identify a common feature. This is red. Products in this category, which have a red tint, are mostly allergenic.

But the broadest alternative remains - many other fruits and vegetables. The health of the baby will not be harmed by green apples, yellow pears, white zucchini. This is the set to start with. But carrots, red apples, currants - it is better to wait with them. And from fruits it is necessary to exclude any citrus fruits. It is not necessary to give them to a child, at least until he is three or four years old.

The most allergenic desserts for a child

Almost all sweets can cause allergies. But the risk can be reduced if you give your baby up to three years of marshmallow or natural marmalade. Again, these products must be natural. If they contain extraneous dyes or flavors, the product is already becoming allergenic. Chocolate should not be given until the child is 3 years old. Moreover, until adolescence, it is better to give only delicate milk chocolate, but not black and white.

Honey for children: allergenic or not?

In no case should honey be given to children under three years of age. Yes, porridge and other dishes will taste better with this product. But the danger of allergies, which then will continue to haunt the child for a long time, is incredibly high. Actually, an allergic reaction occurs not to honey itself, but to flower pollen. But the essence does not change: the use of honey must be abandoned.

When you decide to introduce it into the child's diet, at first you will have to add only minimal portions. This is not about a teaspoon, but in general, literally about one drop!

If the allergenic product still harmed the child

No matter how carefully parents monitor the nutrition of children, allergies can appear. What to do then? The following remedies will help neutralize the harm from allergenic products:

intake of absorbents: the simplest - activated charcoal, 2-4 tablets at a time;
taking antihistamines: a couple of products for children should always be kept in the medicine cabinet at hand;
enema: this is a last resort if you urgently need help and there is no doctor nearby.

All this seems only at first glance very dangerous. But Komarovsky claims that the parents themselves are primarily to blame for the formation of food allergies. How does he explain this? If you want to know the answer, then watch the video. Madame Georgette, in turn, says goodbye to you for now .. There will soon be a lot of interesting things here.

Every third complains about the abundance of allergenic products, from children to the elderly.

The question of how to help a child under one year old who suffers from intolerance to certain foods worries parents. Sometimes the disease manifests itself as a genetic program, realized under the influence of life circumstances.

What foods cause allergies in young children? The child suffers from skin manifestations of the disease that appeared after the use of such products:

whole milk;
chicken egg yolk;
grapes;
strawberries.

Allergenic products for children are divided into strong, medium, weak pathogens.

The degree of their influence on the patient's body is different. For example, chicken, which is part of the dishes, does not cause an individual reaction in every child.

Potentially allergic dairy products, citrus fruits, fish, canned food, food additives should be excluded from the diet. If seasonal fruits or vegetables cause persistent intolerance, they are removed completely from the children's menu for several months.

The most allergenic foods in children cause the development of an immunological phase or a pseudo-allergic reaction. Serotonin is found in peanuts and tyramine is found in chocolates.

Allergy to food develops after eating food containing dyes, preservatives, stabilizers, salicylates, antioxidants.

Allergy to blueberries in children from 1 to 3 years old is manifested by skin rashes, and only in some cases respiratory manifestations occur:

runny nose;
dry cough;
sneezing.

Allergy to dried apricots develops in patients with a hereditary predisposition to the disease. In young children with aggravated heredity, peach also causes a non-specific reaction.

Raisins provoke lifelong sensitization associated with severe health consequences. Products containing 2 antigens Arah I and Arah II, such as halva with peanuts or dried apricots with pine nuts, contribute to the appearance of a rash and itching in a child. Fruits are a common cause of disease. It is after their use that tingling appears in the oral cavity in children after a year.

Weak food irritants

The only effective remedy in the treatment of the disease is to break contact with the non-specific protein.

The development of allergies can be stopped by eating less dangerous foods. The molecular weight of non-specific reaction provocateurs in rye flour is small.

The table presented by the doctor to the patient for review indicates rare cross-reactions between cereals and pollen.

There is little allergenic dependence between soy-containing products and non-protein substances used in the manufacture of chocolate. Prunes contain substances that are unstable to high temperatures, but tomatoes, celery, and carrots are thermostable.

Allergy to apricots is very common, because preservatives are used to give dried apricot products a lasting color. Non-allergenic, but safe products have been studied enough and allow predicting the likelihood of a risk situation and prescribing an optimal diet. Allergy to apricots can be manifested by symptoms of atopic dermatitis, hives, suffocation.

Allergy to apricots is one of the most common.

Studies indicate that food intolerances in children under one year of age appear after eating milk, eggs, fish and cereals. Often causes sensitization peach. Regular use of the product provokes allergies. The level of intolerance is high in young children.

Feeding a nursing mother

With allergies, a woman after childbirth should follow the rules of a healthy diet. You need to pay attention to the quality of the products. Fish, some fresh vegetables and fruits can cause allergies, which will negatively affect the health of the child.

It is necessary to eat vegetables in small quantities to find out if the product can cause a non-specific reaction in a small child.

A woman may be allergic to cottage cheese, fermented baked milk and other fermented milk products. They are replaced with other protein dishes. Choose products that do not cause a negative reaction from the gastrointestinal tract or skin. For the preparation of salads, canned corn, soy cheese, parsley or dill are used.

If there is no desire to have lunch, it is enough to eat 1 apple or just drink any drink of your choice.

For children up to a year, mother's milk is priceless, so it is necessary to monitor the quality of nutrition of a nursing mother. If desired, you can eat an apple, plum, peach to replenish the body with carbohydrates. It is necessary to monitor the reaction of the child to their use.

The danger of sorrel and blueberries

Parents enrich the spring diet with fresh herbs. Allergy to sorrel occurs in 65% of children. The finished product contains aggressive oxalic acid, which is involved in the exchange of salts, and even a small amount of sorrel is highly undesirable for the patient - the allergen can provoke a strong immune response of the body.

You should not offer green cabbage soup with sorrel to a small child very often, because the soup does not belong to dietary dishes. If the child is sick, then nutrition should be adapted to his condition.

Allergy to blueberries is very common in young children, because it contains salicylic acid. The child complains of abdominal pain, diarrhea, itching, cough, runny nose. In severe cases, blood pressure rises, a small child has regurgitation. In children under 3 years of age, intestinal disorders, colic, malabsorption of food predominate. Allergy to blueberries is treated not only with medication, methods from the arsenal of traditional medicine, which the doctor will recommend, will be useful.

Manifestations of the disease in children

In a child, a neglected condition worsens the quality of life. Parents need to know the main external symptoms of the disease. From the first days of feeding, redness and itching appear on the skin of an infant. The reason is simple: the diet of a nursing mother includes foods containing gluten.

Often, a child of 7-8 months old is diagnosed with food intolerance when they introduce complementary foods (semolina porridge, cookies). The main signs of allergies:

stool change;
bloating;
spitting up or vomiting;
low body weight;
rickets;
caries;
poor appetite;
irritability;
intolerance to cow's milk protein.

Blueberries are a very dangerous berry, causing a runny nose, cough, skin rashes, itching. Peach provokes dizziness, discomfort in the abdomen, swelling of the lips and tongue. The abuse of figs (figs) leads to the development of conjunctivitis, a decrease in blood pressure, and in severe cases, Quincke's edema.

Radishes can cause swelling of the face, eyelids, neck, but this reaction is individual for each child. Frequent use of allergenic products significantly worsens the patient's health.

It is necessary to regularly keep a food diary to find out which foods do not cause the development of a specific reaction.

Dietary nutrition as disease prevention

Having found out which foods the child has a special reaction of the body, they are excluded from the diet. The diet of a nursing mother should be hypoallergenic. With a mild form of the disease, it is enough to include therapeutic and prophylactic mixtures in the diet: Nutrilak GA, Hipp Combiotic GA. In case of lactose deficiency, the child is prescribed medicinal products that do not cause the development of allergies: Nutrilak soy, Friesland Nutrition, Holland.

In order to prevent deterioration of the condition, concomitant causes are excluded - viral or bacterial infections. Barley, which has low allergenic activity, is introduced into an individual diet.

It is very important to determine which product the child is allergic to.

If the food irritant is not established, it is unacceptable to give the child a peach. Smoked and dried meat products are excluded from the preschooler's menu. Sausage and sausages contain a large amount of nitrates and other harmful substances.

With individual intolerance, the menu should consist of gluten-free products - allergens for children: products from oats, rye, pasta, cookies. It is dangerous to give desserts to a child if they contain figs.

Reaction to fish and semi-finished products

Among the products that cause allergies in adults and children, the leading place belongs to sea and river fish, caviar, and seafood. The main culprit in the development of an acute reaction is the protein contained in the soft parts of herring or sturgeon. Among the most allergenic foods for a child are:

sturgeon caviar;
fish oil;
seafood;
tuna;
anchovies;
acne;
sushi.

A severe non-specific reaction often develops in a weakened child's body. Stopping an attack of an allergy to fish is not an easy task, the most effective treatment is in a hospital. The immediate form appears immediately upon contact with the product. As a rule, the child is worried about:

vomit;
blisters on the body.

Even the smell can provoke the appearance of Quincke's edema. The lumen of the larynx narrows, if emergency measures are not taken, death from suffocation may occur. Therapeutic measures include the introduction of calcium chloride, hormones, tracheotomy.

Diets must be followed throughout life. Treatment should be carried out under the strict supervision of a physician.

You can find out which are the most allergenic foods from a special table. It is on it that the recommendations of pediatricians on the sequence of introduction of complementary foods are based. So, allergenic foods, the list of which is given in this table: cow's milk, fish, chicken, red fruits and berries, sweets.

Important Details

Cow's milk, or rather, cow's milk protein, is not tolerated by about 80% of children under 2 years of age. The reason is the lack of enzymes necessary for its processing. When they form and begin to be produced, and this happens after 2 years, the problem will disappear by itself.

Fish is also one of the most dangerous allergens. And for some people, the smell of fish alone can cause an attack of suffocation. It is for this reason that it is introduced into complementary foods very carefully, after 8 months in microscopic doses, and the reaction of the baby is carefully monitored.

Eggs, more specifically, egg white. The common belief that quail eggs are not as allergic as chicken eggs is just an opinion. In fact, the reaction to them occurs at about the same frequency as to chicken protein. Conclusion: acquaintance with eggs begins with the yolk. Protein in the diet of a child appears only after the baby is 1 year old.

Meat. The risk of allergies is high if the baby tries the chicken. Therefore, complementary foods begin with rabbit meat, turkey and even horse meat. In any case, it is not recommended to give fatty meats and poultry. Meat broths are given to a child only after 1-1.5 years. In this case, the first broth always merges. The bird must be skinned and subcutaneous fat removed.

Red fruits and berries

Very young children are best given green vegetables and fruits. So, for example, choose clarified juice from green apples, mash green apples and pears. As for vegetables, the child is first introduced to zucchini, cauliflower and white cabbage.

Sweets

The most harmless in the sense of an allergic reaction and at the same time the most useful are marmalade and marshmallow. Make sure they are free of artificial flavors and preservatives. You can introduce a child to chocolate no earlier than 3 years. Choose milk chocolates. Acquaintance with citrus and exotic fruits is also better to postpone at least until 3-4 years.

Allergenic foods while breastfeeding

To reduce the risk of developing allergies in infants, a nursing mother is advised to follow a hypoallergenic diet. All the products mentioned above should be used carefully and not get carried away with them. If one of the parents has a reaction to one of the products mentioned, it is better to exclude it from the diet of a nursing mother.

Some tricks

The list of allergenic foods for children is very extensive, we have listed only a few of them. But this does not mean that the baby is strictly forbidden to try chocolate, nuts, red apples and chicken. Prohibitions remain only for the time being. From a certain age, the risk of allergies decreases, as the body begins to produce enzymes that facilitate the absorption of a particular product. For most allergenic foods, the threshold is 3 years of age. By the age of 3, the child's digestive system will get stronger in order to easily process the substances contained in a certain product.

The safest, including in terms of the risk of allergies, are cooking methods such as boiling, stewing, baking and steaming.

Is honey an allergenic product?

The answer is unequivocal: yes. If a person is allergic to plant pollen, then its presence, even in minimal amounts, can cause big trouble. In honey, as you know, pollen is present in very large quantities. A child can be introduced to honey only after 3 years. You need to start with microscopic portions and carefully monitor the reaction. At the first sign of trouble, the product is excluded from the diet. The next attempt may take place in 2 weeks.

Mushrooms - an allergenic product or not?

Mushrooms, like a sponge, absorb all the harmful substances present in the soil and in the air. And if harmful substances are present in the air and soil, then an allergic reaction may follow after eating mushrooms. In addition, mushrooms are almost pure protein, which in itself is the strongest allergen. Therefore, you can give a child a try of mushrooms only after 5 years. Some nutritionists advise postponing mushroom tasting until the age of 7.

Often, allergenic foods for children become almost the main diet, starting from an early age. The child eats hamburgers, french fries, chips, sausages, sweet bars, which cause the development of an acute allergic reaction, and also supply a large amount of dangerous substances with food. Children acquire health problems and are constantly at risk. Therefore, it is so important to establish good nutrition, to prevent the penetration of allergens into the blood in order to maintain health until old age.

Special chemicals that prevent food spoilage harm the body. In most cases, monosodium glutamate, which is part of the finished dish, reduces its value and causes disturbances in the work of the stomach and intestines. You should not buy Mivina noodles, potato chips, canned fruits, pickled vegetables. Chemical additives and a special protein (gluten) irritate the intestines, and bread or cakes made from such flour cause an allergic reaction in a child. Urticaria, runny nose appear after drinking drinks containing the dye "yellow-5". The child has signs of an acute reaction to a food product that has entered the body. It:

excessive sleepiness,
redness of the eyes, blue lips.

Most often, allergy symptoms appear in a child whose body has received specific proteins that cause various forms of an immune response:

albumen;
lysozyme;
ovomucoid.

Chicken eggs top the list of allergenic foods, but it should be remembered that a dietary protein deficiency interferes with the full synthesis of hormones, leads to disruption of the heart, blood vessels, reproductive and urinary systems. If a child cannot eat chicken eggs, they are replaced with quail eggs. They are less allergenic, do not cause destruction of intestinal epithelial cells.

If the child does not adhere to the diet, he develops symptoms of individual intolerance - Quincke's edema or anaphylactic shock. Under the ban are not only the most allergenic foods, but also dishes from them, which are provocateurs of the development of a specific reaction. Hard-boiled eggs are especially dangerous. They are replaced without damage to the life of the body with equivalent food.

List of products for a hypoallergenic diet

2 Ambiguous milk

Unfortunately, some children are allergic to protein and avoid dairy products. It is dangerous for health to include in the diet the following dishes containing proteins in their composition:

cakes;
pies;
cookie;
ice cream;
chocolate;
margarine.

Often the child does not tolerate goat or sheep's milk. Casein is recognized by the cells of the body as foreign, and an acute allergic reaction develops. If breastfeeding is not possible, the baby should be fed using a specially adapted milk formula.

A baby older than 12 months should receive 400 ml of liquid dairy products per day. If you are allergic to casein, you need to adjust the diet and satisfy the baby's daily need for vitamins and minerals through other products. Many formula-fed babies cannot tolerate complementary foods made from cow's milk. The child develops symptoms of atopic dermatitis, urticaria, edema develops in the head and neck, dry cough and wheezing. With any changes in the patient's condition, consultation with a doctor is required.

Food Allergies: What Can Cause Food Intolerance?

3 The danger of citrus

Oranges, tangerines, kiwi, grapefruit are a source of vitamin C and strengthen the immune system. In some cases, their nutritional value fades into the background. Many fruits are associated with a severe allergic reaction in a child.

The most popular citrus fruit is orange. It can provoke the development of anaphylactic shock. The patient is not recommended to cook dishes that contain orange or tangerine juice:

sweet drinks;
ice cream;
jams;
cakes.

A large amount of citrus fruits eaten by a child burdens digestion, takes strength from the body, and contributes to the appearance of shortness of breath, skin rash, itching, and diarrhea. Most often there is a runny nose, severe lacrimation. It is not recommended to use oranges for making juice and complementary foods for a sick child. They can be replaced with other fruits. It is recommended to keep a food diary, in which it is necessary to indicate the reaction to the introduction of new foods into the diet. With age, the manifestations of allergies do not disappear, but, on the contrary, intensify.

What foods contain gluten?

4 Food that destroys health

Dangerous products are cereals, most often wheat, less often rye. Semolina, especially with the addition of vegetables or fruits, can cause an allergic reaction in a sick child. Quite often, instant cereals are used in food. The grain undergoes a special treatment, and the dish becomes crumbly and tasty. Corn and millet groats can cause allergy symptoms. Artek porridge consists of crushed wheat grains and is a refined product. It energizes the body, but can cause itching, skin rashes, loose stools.

Food intolerance to semolina dishes is caused by the presence in its composition of a complex protein - gluten, which affects the body's absorption of important trace elements and vitamins. In some cases, constant and prolonged feeding of porridge can provoke the appearance of a rash on the skin, fever, runny nose, cough. You should not cook a dish with goat's milk, as intolerance to the product manifests itself a few days after its use.

An allergic child is given cereals: rice, buckwheat, oatmeal. Gluten thins the intestinal mucosa, the child begins diarrhea (diarrhea).

5 Why is chocolate dangerous?

The composition of the finished product includes cocoa powder, which is a highly allergenic substance. The danger increases if the following ingredients are added to it:

peanut or palm oil;
powdered milk.

Lactose intolerance and the presence of the antioxidant E322 lead to an allergic reaction. First of all, it is necessary to exclude walnuts from the patient's diet, as they are often added to chocolate. The patient is not recommended to use sweet tiles containing raisins, dates, flavor enhancers.

Chitin is a natural polysaccharide found in chocolate. When taken with food, it often causes skin rashes. People prone to allergies experience excruciating itching. If the patient suffers from asthma, eating chocolate provokes the development of an asthma attack. It begins with the onset of excruciating itching and swelling in the oral cavity, tingling of the tongue, reddening of the upper palate.

Dark chocolate causes greenish liquid stools, abdominal pain, dry cough in children under 5 years of age. The work of the kidneys is disturbed, the development of Quincke's edema or anaphylactic shock is possible.

6 Red and orange berries

Sometimes a child eats a juicy apple or a little red currant, and after a few hours he becomes ill. Colic appears in the abdomen, the head hurts, nausea and vomiting occur. Even a minimal amount of an allergen is enough to develop an acute reaction of the body. The source of the problem is the lack of enzymes in the body responsible for the digestion and absorption of fruit sugar. The child complains of nausea, flatulence, weakness, sweating.

The use of black and red currants often causes an allergic reaction, since the berries contain a large amount of ascorbic acid. The child's health deteriorates sharply and an asthma attack develops rapidly.

Sugar is harmful to the human body. Children are not recommended to eat orange-colored fruits prepared in the form of a sweet puree or cold dessert.

7 Dangerous Seafood

Often, allergy symptoms occur after eating fresh fish, shellfish, crab, or shrimp. Parvalbumin is a calcium-binding protein that is poorly absorbed in the body of a child and is stored for a long time in ready-made meals. The patient often has dangerous allergy symptoms:

skin rashes;
purulent blisters on the face and body;
nausea;
dry paroxysmal cough;
chills.

The protein contained in crab meat in large quantities causes a severe non-specific reaction and leads to toxic poisoning. The child loses hearing and vision, the work of the nervous system is disturbed. Food intolerance to seafood manifests itself even after their heat treatment. The patient develops laryngeal edema, breathing is disturbed, blood pressure drops sharply.

8 Food allergies in infants

Excessive passion for cow's milk and sweet cereals based on it often leads to the development of a non-specific reaction of the body. A sick child develops numerous itchy spots on the face, nausea and profuse diarrhea. Often the first sign of food intolerance is the appearance of small ulcers on the gums.

Chicken eggs, introduced into the diet of children under one year old as complementary foods, provoke the onset of the disease. Dark chocolate, walnuts, industrial juice containing citric acid are especially dangerous. It is not recommended to give your child citrus fruits, strawberries, natural honey, sea and river fish, soy products.

An allergic reaction in children under one year old most often occurs in babies who are bottle-fed. The mother must exclude the following foods and prepared meals from her diet:

meat and fish broths;
garlic;
sweet confectionery.

It is not recommended to use fresh cow's milk for cooking if the child has an individual intolerance to casein. Formula-fed babies benefit from special dairy-free formulas.

Low-allergenic products can reduce the manifestations of the disease in the acute period. Complementary foods are introduced on the recommendation of a doctor after the child is 6 months old. Zucchini, cauliflower and broccoli are used to prepare healthy dishes. Potatoes or carrots can only increase the manifestations of the disease.

Properly organized nutrition allows you to completely get rid of the symptoms of allergies.

9 The necessary knowledge is a reliable weapon in the fight against the disease

It is useful to have information on hand about foods that cause non-specific reactions in children. A properly compiled list will help to study their nutritional value and prevent an exacerbation of the disease. The table of allergenic products will tell you how to identify cross-reactions to their use, will allow you to familiarize yourself with the recipes for preparing complementary foods for children suffering from atopic dermatitis.

Timely identification of the allergen with the help of a food diary and other reference materials will help diversify the diet and maintain health for many years.

And some secrets...

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Every third complains about the abundance of allergenic products, from children to the elderly.

What foods cause allergies in young children? The child suffers from skin manifestations of the disease that appeared after the use of such products:

whole milk;
chicken egg yolk;
grapes;
strawberries.

Allergenic products for children are divided into strong, medium, weak pathogens.

The degree of their influence on the patient's body is different. For example, chicken, which is part of the dishes, does not cause an individual reaction in every child.

The most allergenic foods in children cause the development of an immunological phase or a pseudo-allergic reaction. Serotonin is found in peanuts and tyramine is found in chocolates.

Allergy to food develops after eating food containing dyes, preservatives, stabilizers, salicylates, antioxidants.

Allergy to blueberries in children from 1 to 3 years old is manifested by skin rashes, and only in some cases respiratory manifestations occur:

runny nose;
dry cough;
sneezing.

Allergy to dried apricots develops in patients with a hereditary predisposition to the disease. In young children with aggravated heredity, peach also causes a non-specific reaction.

The only effective remedy in the treatment of the disease is to break contact with the non-specific protein.

The development of allergies can be stopped by eating less dangerous foods. The molecular weight of non-specific reaction provocateurs in rye flour is small.

The table presented by the doctor to the patient for review indicates rare cross-reactions between cereals and pollen.

Allergy to apricots is one of the most common.

It is necessary to eat vegetables in small quantities to find out if the product can cause a non-specific reaction in a small child.

If there is no desire to have lunch, it is enough to eat 1 apple or just drink any drink of your choice.

Often, a child of 7-8 months old is diagnosed with food intolerance when they introduce complementary foods (semolina porridge, cookies). The main signs of allergies:

stool change;
bloating;
spitting up or vomiting;
low body weight;
rickets;
caries;
poor appetite;
irritability;
intolerance to cow's milk protein.

Radishes can cause swelling of the face, eyelids, neck, but this reaction is individual for each child. Frequent use of allergenic products significantly worsens the patient's health.

It is necessary to regularly keep a food diary to find out which foods do not cause the development of a specific reaction.

In order to prevent deterioration of the condition, concomitant causes are excluded - viral or bacterial infections. Barley, which has low allergenic activity, is introduced into an individual diet.

It is very important to determine which product the child is allergic to.

sturgeon caviar;
fish oil;
seafood;
tuna;
anchovies;
acne;
sushi.

vomit;
blisters on the body.

Diets must be followed throughout life. Treatment should be carried out under the strict supervision of a physician.

Allergic diseases often cause skin rashes in a child. They itch a lot, which brings significant discomfort to the baby's body. Combing red spots, he can easily bring an infection under the skin. In such cases, more severe inflammatory reactions already occur. Such secondary infection can cause streptoderma or systemic damage to the body by staphylococcus aureus.

Why are skin rashes dangerous and what provokes their appearance?

Often the cause of the appearance of red vesicles or spots on the skin are various types of allergic reactions. When an allergen product enters the child's body, a whole cascade of inflammatory changes is launched within a few minutes. Such reactions are called hypersensitivity. They are of fast and slow type.

When an allergen first enters the body, protective blood cells are not yet ready to meet it. For this reason, an allergic reaction does not occur immediately, but after some time. This usually happens 6-8 hours after the allergen enters the body.

The cells of the immune system, recognizing the foreign component as allergic, immediately begin to actively fight it. A large number of different biological substances are released into the blood, which trigger the process of inflammation.

A large number of cells of the immune system are found in the blood and in the skin. When foreign allergenic substances enter the battle, they are the first to enter the battle. A few hours after the onset of the disease, the skin reacts with red itchy elements. It can be papules, vesicles, spots. It all depends on the individual sensitivity and tenderness of the child's skin.

In infants, spots usually appear more often. In most cases, they are localized on the extensor surfaces of the forearms and arms, buttocks, hands and on the delicate skin of the child below the chin, on the neck.

In children aged 2 years, spots are more often formed in combination with vesicles. This is largely due to the structure of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of a child of this age. Toddlers become restless, naughty. Children of kindergarten age (4-5 years) during the period of exacerbation of an allergic reaction should not attend a preschool institution for the entire period of treatment. In the garden, they can easily pick up a secondary infection or bring microorganisms into wounds, scratching itchy spots on the skin.

In severe cases of allergic reactions, not only skin lesions appear. In babies, the temperature can even rise to 38-39 degrees. There is redness in the throat, allergic rhinitis, dry cough. With allergic rhinitis and laryngitis, it is imperative to show the child to an immunologist-allergist. He will conduct additional examinations for individual sensitivity to specific allergens. After that, the doctor will prescribe a full range of measures and recommend an anti-allergic diet.

Peculiarities

The hypoallergic diet, among others, is quite strict. As the child's body grows older, it may appear new hypersensitivity to various products.

When an allergy occurs for oranges after some time, intolerance to all citrus fruits is formed.
For allergies for chicken eggs there is a sensitivity to all products (including pastries) that contain chicken yolk or melange. In 5% of children, a cross-allergy to quail eggs is also possible. In this case, it is required to completely exclude eggs from the child's diet and monitor the composition of all dishes where any egg components can be added.

If your child has been diagnosed with cross-sensitivity during allergy testing, the immunologist will definitely recommend that you exclude all combinations in which an allergic reaction is possible.

For children with allergies for flowering trees any shrub fruits and berries should be completely excluded from the diet. The cells of the immune system, having a system memory, when any substance from the prohibited list enters the body, they will consider it an allergen. An allergic reaction in a child will be equally acute when pollen blooms or after eating a plum or an apple.

Try to avoid contact with the allergen, given the flowering time of the trees.

Recently, doctors note that many children have increased the number of cases of intolerance to dairy products. Such children are assigned a dairy-free diet. It is shown to all babies with an allergy to milk. It cannot be called protein-free, it belongs more to the category of low-protein ones.

In the nutrition of babies on a dairy-free diet, you need to carefully monitor the optimal intake of protein in the body. Add more meat products and side dishes containing vegetable protein. It can be lean meat or fish (with good tolerance), poultry.

From vegetable protein, you can choose green or regular beans and well-boiled pea porridge. Enter into the diet green peas: it contains much less substances that can cause allergies.

Grocery list

Currently, there are many classifications of allergenic products. They divide all products into different categories (depending on the possibility of causing allergic reactions).

Every day, scientists add new sources of allergens to the lists. This is due to the fact that every year the number of children with allergic pathologies increases several times.

Babies born in the city are many times more likely to suffer from intolerance to various foods than village ones. Doctors attribute this to the impact of adverse environmental factors and high levels of pollution in large cities.

Every year, all the leading scientists, doctors and nutritionists of the world gather at international councils and congresses to discuss the nutritional problems of children prone to the development of allergic reactions. Special tables were compiled in which all products are entered taking into account their possible negative impact on the child's immune system:

Foods with a high potential to cause allergic reactions are called highly allergenic.
Foods that are less likely to cause allergies - medium sensitizing.
Foods that are practically incapable of causing an allergic reaction in a child (or cause in a much smaller number of cases) are called neutral.

Foods that can be safely included in the diet of a child with food allergies include:

All fruits and vegetables are green. White fruits and berries. An excellent basis for any side dish for children with a tendency to allergic reactions is broccoli, as well as cauliflower. Potatoes are also suitable, but they contain a lot of starchy substances. It is better to mix cauliflower with a small amount of potatoes when cooking mashed potatoes, giving preference to cabbage.
Protein products: lean beef meat, with care - white varieties of fish. Red (and especially sea) fish are banned! Its use can provoke an allergic reaction. Do not give your baby seafood or seaweed. Adding them to the diet often causes cross-allergies.
With good tolerance to dairy products - sour milk with a small percentage of fat (cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt). All types of cheeses, sour cream, homemade butter and margarine should be excluded. They can provoke food allergies and have an adverse effect on the liver and gallbladder. Frequent consumption of such products can cause chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Cereals and cereals. They are selected strictly individually. It should be noted that they may be contraindicated for babies with allergies and gluten intolerance. Buckwheat and rice should be introduced into the diet with caution, since they have an average allergenic potential.

If, after the introduction of cereal complementary foods, the child's skin remains clean and pink, he will almost certainly tolerate these products well. Be sure to monitor the condition of the baby's skin and his mood after the introduction of each new complementary food. This will allow you to determine if you are allergic to a particular new food.

Tips for parents of toddlers 3-6 years old

If the baby is prone to the development of allergic reactions or you, close relatives have serious allergic diseases, pay attention to what you are preparing for the child. In any case, you should consult and show the baby to an immunologist-allergist. He will conduct a series of simple and painless scratch tests that will identify all cross-allergen variants.

There are even special panels in which all allergens are listed according to certain antigenic characteristics. Such a study is very convenient and allows you to establish with high accuracy all prohibited products from several groups at once.

It is important to note that adherence to such a diet is worth a lifetime. The human immune system is very precise. Even after one encounter with an allergen, the memory of it remains for life. With each new encounter with this product, the body reacts more strongly.

An allergic reaction starts almost instantly. For a long course of the disease, damage to other organs is already characteristic: the respiratory and cardiovascular systems are most often affected, and in this case more serious treatment by a doctor is already required.

What should parents of preschool children remember?

Carefully plan and create a menu for your child. Eliminate all products that do not suit him. Keep a diary and write down all the changes that occur in the baby after eating. Reflect the condition of his skin, as well as the estimated time when the manifestations occur. This will make it easier for you to understand which foods have allergenic characteristics and can harm the child's body.
If your child attends kindergarten, be sure to tell the kindergarten health worker that your child has allergies. Describe what foods are contraindicated for him. The caregiver and health worker should carefully monitor what the baby eats while away from home. In kindergarten, they are responsible for his health. It would be great if there was a choice of dishes in the garden. Now this principle is practiced frequently. If not, the healthcare professional should eliminate the side dish or main dish for allergic babies and replace it with something else.
All children with allergic diseases or intolerance to certain foods should be observed by an immunologist. With a calm course of the disease (without frequent exacerbations and rashes), visit a doctor at least once a year. This is necessary for dynamic monitoring of the state of the child's body.
Do not indulge the whims of the child! All kids love sweets. However, it should be understood: if the baby has an allergy, then such pampering can even be deadly. In severe cases, after meeting with the allergen, the child's body may react with Quincke's edema or spasm of the larynx. This is a very dangerous complication that requires the immediate provision of qualified medical care.

If suddenly, after eating or snacking, your baby begins to choke or turns blue, urgently call a children's ambulance. It is necessary to act very quickly, since the time to save a child's life goes by in minutes.

Teach your child healthy eating habits. At the table, it is better to eat about the same food that the baby eats. So you show him that he is not at all some kind of sick or deprived of something. It's just healthy food, and that's how everyone eats. Be sure to praise your baby when he eats the right and healthy foods well.

Look after yourself! If you allow yourself to snack or drink tea with chocolates or cakes, then do not be surprised why your baby reaches for the "yummy". All kids from two years old are similar in behavior to little monkeys, which is due to the development of their psyche. In their behavior, they accurately copy those around them or their parents. Be a real good example for your child. His health now and in the future depends on you.

Menu for children over 1 year old with Ado diet

In Soviet times, the famous scientist and pathophysiologist A. D. Ado began to study the problems of allergic diseases and develop special diets that can prevent new exacerbations of the disease.

It was he who first established that there are certain foods that can trigger a number of inflammatory changes in the body and easily cause an allergic reaction. He also noted that there are products that have the opposite properties. They are safer for the body and practically do not cause allergies.

The result of his scientific activity was the system of proper nutrition according to Ado. This is the prototype of a hypoallergenic diet. It excludes all products that can cause skin rashes, with the mandatory inclusion of neutral products. Ado compiled his diet so that all the incoming substances were selected in sufficient quantities for the active growth and development of the child's body.

The advantages of his method include:

detailed analysis of all products that trigger allergic reactions, and their complete exclusion from the children's menu;
elimination of all allergens from the diet immediately allows you to quickly remove inflammation and eliminate all adverse symptoms of the disease;
Possibility of gradual introduction of new products, with mandatory monitoring of the child's condition after such an introduction.

Of course, there are also disadvantages:

Diet prescription all children without prior examination and laboratory determination of individual sensitivity to different products. Ado formulated his diet at the end of the twentieth century, when there was not yet ample laboratory capacity to conduct such highly accurate tests.
Low specific sensitivity. The diet is used for all children and adolescents without taking into account the individual level of immunity and concomitant chronic diseases.

Among the most common allergens, A.D. Ado excretes cow's milk, egg yolk and fish.

Sometimes hypersensitivity occurs to gluten or wheat, banana and rice proteins. The body's sensitivity to potatoes, buckwheat, corn, soy and legumes is less common.

At the same time, A.D. Ado highlights foods that, if you are allergic to, should be wary of "cross" foods in the diet.

The treatment table according to Ado can be represented as follows. Please note that occasionally the menu includes products with an average allergenic potential.

Closely monitor the condition of your child, because when drawing up a diet, individual characteristics must be taken into account: there is no universal menu suitable for all children.

Compliance with an anti-allergic diet is an important and necessary condition for the treatment of all allergic diseases. 80% of successful treatment is provided only by the observance of all the principles of a healthy diet. It can help prevent the occurrence of new exacerbations and improve the health of the baby.

Our century, unfortunately, differs from the previous bad ecology and low-quality food. Many products contain artificial colors, flavor enhancers, preservatives, sugar substitutes, and more.

Not surprisingly, young children often began to get sick with various diseases. The first place in this ranking is occupied by allergies. Statistics show that out of five children, two suffer from this disease.

Almost any of the food children's immune system can respond with an allergic reaction. The symptomatology is as follows, the body and face of the child is covered with a rash, which is accompanied by severe itching, peeling and redness of the skin. Very often, a frivolous attitude to allergies allows it to develop into a rather serious disease, for example, asthma.

Up to 6 months, the body of an infant is able to react with an allergy to various foods. From the first days of life and up to a year, many food products for children are allergens, but this does not mean that they will remain allergens for the child in the future. The only thing that is well tolerated is breast milk and special infant formulas. This only indicates that the child's digestive system is not yet mature enough and does not produce the necessary enzymes to digest certain foods.

When a product enters the body that contains in its composition something that is not yet known for the digestion of a child, and the amount of enzymes that is present cannot cope with digestion. A large release of immunoglobulin (IgE) occurs in the body, then those external symptoms appear that we already see and understand that the child is allergic to something. But this happens only with products containing strong allergens, and there are those that contain them, but in small quantities, then at first it is even imperceptible that the child has an allergy. Mom continues to feed her child and herself with slow-acting allergens and does not know what harm they bring. Therefore, children's allergens need to be known almost by heart, this will help preserve the health of the baby.

It is very useful to feed a child with breast milk, but some allergens of children under one year old can enter the child's body with him, so it is also important for a mother to follow a diet, excluding from her diet what can activate her child's illness.

As for the transfer of the child to solid food, more mature, feeding should be started with hypoallergenic food for children, these include oatmeal, cabbage, pumpkin, apples, and others. Then we periodically add to feeding, only in small portions, new products, following the reaction of the child's body, but this should be done in parallel with the maturation of the enzymatic system.

Allergic reaction to infant formula

Allergenic products

Allergen products for children need to be known, for this you need to carefully study them in the lists below and then draw up the baby's menu.

Allergens for children are strong, which provoke the appearance of allergies, and weak. Strong ones need to be known and when feeding a child, pay special attention to them.

Strong allergens for children in food:

Dairy products and milk. The largest percentage of allergies among other products. It's all about the protein, it's hard to digest in a small, immature body.
Eggs. Especially the chicken ones. The allergen is egg white.
Fish. Fish caviar and all seafood. Fish in cans.
Meat. Allergies are caused by very fatty meat.
Berries. The most dangerous among them are red.
Fruits and vegetables. The danger is those that are red.
Citrus. All orange-colored fruits and fruits of exotic origin have an increased threat.
Nuts. Everything except the walnuts.
Semolina and wheat.
Coffee. Chocolate, cocoa, coffee.
Confectionery.
Products containing preservatives, artificial flavors and colors.

List of allergenic foods for a child with varying degrees of activity:

Increased activity:

dairy products, eggs, meat products (chicken);
different types of fish;
bush berries, blackcurrant;
pineapples, melons, grapes, all citrus fruits;
pomegranate, cocoa, chocolate, honey, nuts, mushrooms;
red vegetables, carrots, celery, rye, wheat.

Average activity:

turkey, pork and rabbit meat;
potatoes, all legumes, green peppers;
peach, apricot, banana, pear, red currant, cranberry;
rice, cornmeal.

Low activity:

lamb meat, beef;
patisson, zucchini, radish, green cucumbers, cabbage;
green and yellow apple, plums;
white cherries, white currants, watermelons;
pumpkins are not dark in color;
almond.

Here are some food allergens for children that carry a high risk. It is important to remember them and give the child with caution, or avoid them altogether.

Foods that cause allergies

Sometimes even weak allergenic foods can cause a rash if the child eats too much of them. It is necessary to establish a measure and observe it during feeding.

Laboratory studies have shown that the list of allergens for children does not end with food alone. There are also other types:

household, pollen, fungal and epidermal allergens.

Household:

cats, dogs, horse, cow;
parrot, canary;
cockroaches, mosquitoes;
house dust, pillow, blanket;
household chemicals.

Pet hair

Pollen:

ambrosia, dandelions, wormwood, hay, nettle, quinoa;
poplar, white acacia;
vegetable fluff;
wheat.

Fungal:

echinococcus;
schistosome;
ascaris.

Epidermal:

synthetic fibres.

Among this list, strong allergens for children are household and pollen. They most often cause an allergic reaction.

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