Animals: where they live, what they eat, etc. Abstract of OOD “Who eats what?” Domestic animals and their young (comparison) Our smaller brothers

Buffalo

Since time immemorial, our ancestors lived with the gifts of nature: they collected fruits and roots, fished, and hunted. Sometimes hunters brought home baby animals and they grew up next to humans.

Knowing well the habits of wild animals, primitive people managed to tame them. This is how the first domestic animals appeared. They helped hunt, guarded, transported loads and saved supplies from rodents.

And, of course, they supplied people with milk, meat, wool, leather and much more. It is not surprising that in the old days people deified and worshiped some animals.

Wild animals did not immediately turn into domestic ones; sometimes it took more than one century. This is why pets don't always look like their ancestors.

It is believed that the very first domestic animal was the dog. This happened about 10 - 15 thousand years ago. But some researchers are confident that sheep, goats, etc. can all claim this place of honor. They have been with humans for about 10 thousand years. Then came the turn of the bulls, buffalos,...

But man has domesticated not only animals - mammals. Birds appeared on his farm: ducks, geese, pheasants, turkeys.

There are even domestic insects. For example, the busy bee and the silkworm.

Pets often become family pets. A dog, for example, is not only a hunting assistant or a watchman, but also a companion for games and mischief.

Horse

A horse is a mammal of the order of odd-toed ungulates of the equine family. The ancestor of the domestic horse is considered to be the wild Tarpan horse. Tarpans were found in the steppe zone of Eastern Europe and Asia back in the 19th century. The horse was domesticated more than 6 thousand years ago.

Today, about 200 different breeds have been bred. There are riding breeds, draft breeds, draft breeds and others. A thoroughbred horse can reach speeds of up to 60 km/h, and a powerful heavy truck is capable of transporting cargo weighing more than 20 tons.

The usual dimensions of a horse are: body length up to 2.8 meters, height at the withers 1.4 - 1.6 meters. Special group represented by short horses - ponies. Their height is 40-120 cm.

A horse can live up to 40-50 years.

Once upon a time, a horse could be seen on the street as often as a car is today. And no one was surprised. After all, the horse has lived next to humans since ancient times.

Horses transported goods and passengers; they plowed and traveled on horses, fought and hunted. Even today, equestrian sports competitions are held.

The horse is one of the most beautiful animals. The high neck is decorated with a mane. Slender, thin legs are adapted for fast running. The horse swims well and has a keen ear: it recognizes its owner’s steps from afar. And her sense of smell is no worse than that of a dog.

The horse is smart and quick-witted, quickly remembers the way to home and can return on its own from the most distant pasture. This ability was used in snowstorms - they threw the reins, and the horse itself led to the shelter.

Horses graze in herds. They feed on grass and oats. When a foal is born, it does not stand well on its long legs. The horse's mother will gently lick him with her tongue and feed him milk.

A little time will pass, and the foal will happily run around the green meadow. When he wants to eat, he will run up to his mother and drink delicious, rich milk. People also drink horse milk and make it healthy drink- kumiss.

In the old days, a horse replaced a plane, a bus, and a train. The Russian troika is famous all over the world. Three horses are harnessed to a cart or sleigh at once. And the dashing troika rushes along, ringing bells and bells!

And when people found a horse’s shoe on the road - this is a kind of “shoe” for a horse - they rejoiced. It was believed that finding a horseshoe was good luck. Iron horseshoes were placed on horses' hooves to protect the horse's legs from injury.

Horses are well trained and obey their master. And it is not surprising that horses often perform in circuses and sporting competitions. Today horses also help people. Especially where you can’t get through by car!

Cow

A cow is a mammal of the order of ruminant artiodactyls of the bovid family. A cow refers to domestic cattle. The ancestor of the domestic cow is the wild bull aurochs.

The aurochs was a strong animal, weighing up to 800 kg, with high withers and powerful long horns pointing forward. It was destroyed by man. The last tour was killed in Poland in 1627.

The wild bull was tamed and domesticated a long time ago, when agriculture arose, almost 10 thousand years ago.

Today in the world there are about 1000 breeds of large cattle. But about 250 breeds are the most common.

There are three main directions in breeding: dairy, meat and combined. There are hornless breeds bred miniature breed cows Their height is about 80 cm, weight 100 - 130 kg. Milk yield is 3-4 kg per day.

The average milk yield of a cow is 5 - 6 thousand kg per year, record holders give up to 20 - 24 thousand. kg

Cheese, yogurt, sour cream, cottage cheese... All these delicious and healthy foods and many more are made from milk. And cows give us milk.

Cows and bulls are domestic animals. They live mainly on farms. Rural residents have cows in their personal households.

People have always loved and appreciated cows. In ancient times, in many countries they were revered as sacred animals. They were worshiped, temples and palaces were decorated with their images. And when the bull died, it was buried with honors.

In one old book it was written: “Our strength is in cows, our clothing is in cows, our victory is in cows.”

Nowadays, this attitude towards cows has been preserved in India. They even erect monuments to cows and bulls.

Cows graze on a green meadow, eat grass. And a real miracle happens in their body - milk is formed. Not only milk delicious product, it is also used as a remedy.

Cows, like their wild ancestors, are herd animals. And in the herd there is always the most important cow - the “leader”. She is the first to eat grass, the first to lie down to rest, and the first to lead the herd.

And little calves, cheerful and curious, love to be in company. One calf can stick to a flock, herd or. The calves frolic, play, butt heads - this is how they grow and gain strength. Sometimes adult cows also take part in their games.

Cows are smart and quick-witted animals. They know the way to their home. There were cases when she was taken to a new owner, and she returned, after walking many kilometers, to her original place.

Cows have a well-developed sense of time. They feel when their mistress will come.

Cows have lines on the skin of their noses, just like we have on our fingers. Their pattern never repeats. And now they take nose prints from cows. Such a print is like a “cow document”.

Pig

The pig belongs to the artiodactyl mammals of the pig family. Domestic pigs trace their ancestry to wild pigs - wild boars. It is believed that the pig became the second domestic animal after dogs.

Today, pig farming is developed in many countries, on all continents. More than 30 breeds have been bred.

Domestic pigs are prolific animals. Usually from 6 to 12 piglets are born. The weight of an adult pig is 250-500 kg.

In many physiological parameters, the pig is closer to humans than other animals, with the exception of monkeys. Therefore, pigs are still used for various medical research.

Once upon a time, wild boars came to feast on the crops in the fields and the harvest in the gardens. People caught them and fed the little wild boars.

So gradually the wild and dangerous beast turned into a good-natured domestic pig. She no longer has the thick stubble of a boar, and her pinkish skin shows through.

In ancient times, the pig was considered a sacred animal. At the courts of pharaohs and kings there was even a special position of “pig breeder”. Made from precious stones pig figurines.

Pigs also don’t tolerate heat well: after all, only the snout sweats. So the pigs cool themselves in puddles.

The pig eats almost everything it can get its teeth into. It’s not for nothing that the pig is called an “omnivore”. Often a pig tears up the ground with its snout - this is its face - in search of roots, worms and beetles.

But the pig’s talents don’t end there. The pig has a very good sense of smell. Pigs, if trained, help to find mushrooms - truffles - underground.

They can also find a person covered with a thick layer of snow. Sometimes specially trained pigs are used instead of dogs to find hidden things.

Some people think fat, with small eyes, big ears, a pretty grunting pig is stupid. But that's not true! They are easy to train. And they even perform in the circus like real artists. They love to listen to music, they can be taught to dance to some tune.

Pigs are very curious.

Little piglets, like all kids, love to run and play. Toys for them can be old tires, rubber balls. One day the piglets were given a tumbler doll. And the piglets played with her all day.

And although the pig “kids” often get into fights, they all sleep together, huddled closely together.

Surprisingly, pigs suffer from the same diseases as humans. And it can be treated with ordinary “human” medicines. If someone is called a pig, he can be consoled by the fact that a pig is an intelligent, quick-witted animal with many virtues.

Our acquaintance with the animal world began like this:

1. I bought it for my son R Amku-insert “Pets”. My son was about 1.5 then years. He really liked the frame, several times a day he took it apart, put it back together and took it apart again.

2. Another acquisition was lotto from the fixed price “Pets” and later “Who is whose baby”. I also made a homemade shadow lotto, which my son mastered quite quickly.
3. Various items were also purchased from the same fixed-price store. puzzles. At first they were small - they were a hit with us for a very long time, the son himself took them out and sat and assembled them. Large puzzles were purchased much later; we put them together because... My son doesn’t have the patience to assemble everything himself, and he doesn’t know exactly what parts to put where.
4. And the book with stickers from the fixed price served as the basis for the game "Memory", which I made from ordinary cardboard. We love to play at Memory, we have a lot of them different options: colors, shapes, animals, flowers, fruits and berries.

5. For our birthday they gave us constructor "Zoo": animals that need to be assembled like a puzzle from individual parts.

6. I made a game for my son "Who eats what", where 2 parts are put together like a puzzle.
7. I saw a game with clothespins on the Internet. "Pick up the tail". I liked the game, but I never got around to making one.
And then I saw it and bought it "Pick up the head" maze. Also interesting, we need to think about how to put it on Right place, removing other heads that get in the way. For now, I’ll tell you what needs to be removed and where in order to assemble everything correctly.

8. Made a game "Who lives where" using matchboxes. First, we take all the residents out of the houses, mix them up and select their own house for each.
9. I made another game and gave it to my son for the June 1st holiday. Game "Find a Pair". Simply put, the “Skins” lotto. Each animal needs to choose the pattern of its skin.
I found an electronic version on the Internet, printed it out and taped it to cardboard. Now we take it out and play all the time, we store it in a transparent container, like many other games.
We also read different books about animals. I would like to especially show two of them.

- ToNigga "Next to Mom"- a book with inserted pictures: a hen that comes out, followed by her babies - chickens; a pig, followed by a piglet, etc. (lamb, horse, cow)

- Book "Animal World"- with visual effects: if you turn the page from side to side, the animal in the picture begins to move: the horse “jumps”, the monkey “jumps” from branch to branch, etc.
That's all for now, next step puzzle game “Animal World”, where animals from different habitats are presented. You need to choose which animal belongs to which habitat.

Olga Klopova

A game"Who eats what".

Subject:Pets.

For children 1 - 2 junior groups.

Target: to form children’s idea of ​​what they eat Pets.

Tasks:

Continue to introduce children to pets and what they eat.

Teach your child to show which food matches animal.

Create a condition for activating the child’s vocabulary.

Develop the ability to communicate with adults and answer questions

Develop the ability to communicate with peers during gaming activities.

Develop memory, attention, communication skills, fine motor skills hands

Develop the ability to independently analyze acquired knowledge.

Develop the child's cognitive abilities.

Cultivate respect and love for pets, perseverance, desire to take care of animals.

Material: Cut out images of food from cardboard (hay, grass, carrots, etc.) glued to clothespins, a cardboard circle with an image animals.

Progress of the game:

Children sit at the table, the teacher asks them questions based on Pictures:

Who will we feed with milk?

Who loves carrots?

Who will we give the hay to? (and etc.)

Children relying on their knowledge of pets select the right food for animal shown in the picture, they are connected with clothespins.

Publications on the topic:

A game that teaches you to think and speak. “Curious Animals” To play you need cards with numbers from 0 to 9 on one side and different animals.

Didactic game"Wild animals". The age of children for whom the game is intended is 4-6 years. Goal: expanding ideas about wild animals.

DIY didactic game. To create this game, I made a layout on which I depicted a forest on one side and a forest on the other.

Today I want to offer you, dear colleagues, a didactic game “Domestic and Wild Animals” that allows you to consolidate the classification of animals.

“Whose cub?” Didactic game “Pets and their babies” Objectives: consolidate knowledge about domestic animals and their cubs. practice the correct sound pronunciation of the rules: place a card with a picture.

Purpose: to clarify children’s ideas about poultry. Objectives: * arouse interest in poultry and a desire to care for them; * specify.

Goal: To expand and systematize children’s knowledge and ideas about the wild animals of our forests. Development of coherent speech in children. Tasks: Fasten.

I want a cat, I want a dog, a mouse, a bird, a fish... From the age of five, children begin to beg for an animal to take care of, and usually they don’t care what kind - well, even a damn bald one! And, of course, it’s up to the parents to take care of the pet.

How to satisfy a child’s need to care for our little brothers and not get headache for 10 years? We found out which pets will not cause any problems for parents, but will delight the kids.

1. Guinea pig

This cute face is a rather smart animal that behaves calmly, but does not resemble a plush toy. In addition, a guinea pig is really capable of becoming attached to a person.

Joy:

• All a pig needs is a spacious cage - this is its main habitat. Occasionally, the animal can be allowed to run around the apartment under supervision to stretch its legs;
• the pig eats grass, simple vegetables and fruits, as well as special food from the pet store, which is not very expensive, which makes keeping the pig inexpensive;
• Guinea pigs are not capable of aggression, so there is no need to be afraid that the animal will bite or scratch the child;
• a pig is a tame animal, you can safely squeeze and stroke it, the pet gets used to your hands and gladly allows itself to be stroked. Just make sure that the child does not overdo it and does not hurt the pig;
• Guinea pig is an animal with intelligence, it can be trained simple commands and she willingly responds to her nickname. The more you communicate with your pet, the more tame your pig will be.

Nasty:

• The age of a guinea pig is short - only 3-6 years, by this time you need to be ready to part with the animal;
• if your child is allergic or has a weakened immune system, it is better to choose another pet - guinea pigs, especially long-haired ones, are considered quite allergenic animals;
• If you don't take good care of your pet, it may smell unpleasant. But if you change the filler in the cage on time, clean it and periodically bathe your pig with products from the pet store, there will be no problems with the smell;
• The little pig is quite cowardly; it takes time for her to get used to you, so don’t demand too much from the animal at once - let the animal get used to it first.

2. Turtle

There are land ones, and there are aquatic ones - for the aquarium. In both cases, the turtle is easy to care for - no special time or investment is required. This leisurely amphibian will not cause any trouble or worries.

Joy:

• a turtle lives a long time unless something happens emergency situations, the animal will live with you for about 30 years - the baby will have time to grow up and have his own babies;
• one of the slowest animals - you won’t have to chase it around the apartment, playing tag;
• turtles do not have fur that will remain on the furniture, they do not make sounds - therefore they will not bother you in any way;
• The aquatic turtle is a rather meditative creature. It’s so nice to watch how she leisurely splashes in the water, crawls out onto an island of land and exposes her muzzle to the warmth;
• the required minimum (which is also the maximum) is an aquarium for an aquatic turtle and a plexiglass box for a land turtle;
• Pet food is also simple - greens, vegetables and grass.

Nasty:

• not every child will be interested in this unshakably calm and slow creature; there is a chance that the baby’s turtle will disappoint;
• You won’t be able to squeeze and hug a turtle; after all, the shell is not a fluffy body.

3. parrot

The most cheerful and bright pets. If you want him to be friends with you, buy one parrot; if you want less communication, buy two, then they will live perfectly together.

Joy:

• The parrots themselves are inexpensive (of course, unless you choose exotic breeds), as well as their food and cage. Therefore, it turns out that keeping these bright birds does not require any special investments;
• parrots love to play, so from time to time you can delight them with all sorts of ladders and mirrors from the pet store;
• the child will be interested in talking with the bird, watching how it repeats funny sounds, chirps, sits on its finger, moves on its shoulder - it’s very funny;
• parrots live 10-15 years, this is considered ideal for small child. When the time comes to part with your pet, the baby will already turn into a teenager and will not take the separation seriously.

Nasty:

• parrots are very noisy. There will always be sound in your home. If there is a baby in the house, it is better to abandon the bird;
• it is necessary to regularly clean the cage, change the water, wipe the toys, change the food;
• Even though parrots are small, feathers and husks from food will definitely constantly fly around their cage;
• If you let your parrot fly around the apartment, make sure that it does not chew the spines of books, corners of furniture and other objects that are “convenient” for its beak.

4. Chinchilla

An incredibly sweet and beautiful creature, and her plush fur coat will completely captivate you! The pet lives quietly alone and is content with human company. Chinchillas usually have a calm and docile character.

Joy:

• An interesting feature of the chinchilla is that it has practically no sebaceous and sweat glands, so the little animal always smells very tasty;
• The chinchilla is smart, if you teach her to go to the toilet in one place, her house will also be clean;
• Even a preschooler can clean and clean the cage after a pet - her house is always dry, she doesn’t produce much dirt;
• The chinchilla is peaceful and has no claws. If you hurt her, she may “bite” slightly, but only as a warning;
• in chinchillas good health- they rarely get sick and live 16-20 years;
• You can teach your pet easy commands and basic training skills.

Nasty:

• The life schedule of chinchillas is nocturnal. She wakes up after lunch, around 5-6 pm, and is most active around midnight, just when we are already sleeping soundly. An active chinchilla gnaws at the house, branches and stems, slurps loudly while eating and runs around the cage. Therefore, you need to place her cage at night in a place where you won’t hear her at night;
• very rarely, but people may be allergic to chinchilla food, not to the chinchilla itself;
• The chinchilla itself is not cheap, but it is still a rather exotic animal;
• your pet needs to take sand baths occasionally to full life. When a chinchilla bathes in sand, it flies in all directions, and you then have to clean it all up. In addition, the sand itself (purified) is not cheap;
• Not every chinchilla can be cuddled and stroked; as a rule, they are quite cuddly and do not like to be held.

5. Hamster

Who is the first person that comes to mind when we are puzzled about buying a small pet for a child? Of course, hamster! Hamsters are unpretentious, cheap, and do not require special care or investment. In addition, the entire life of a rodent passes within the cage, which means that a child can be entrusted with caring for it.

A few words about what to feed your pet 🐱🐶
I’m not a veterinarian, but I also know something about the health of living creatures on Earth other than humans 👌🏻
Since many are accustomed to considering not only humans 🙈, but also domestic cats and pocket dogs Chihuahuas 😄 as predators, the diet of the latter is generously replenished by the owners with animal (mainly meat/fish) food.
In my opinion, there is no need for domestic “predators” to eat other animals, unless they themselves catch them, guided by instincts.
Day after day, offering your beloved cat or dog “selected” meat from a cow (or who else is fed there?) is unreasonable and wild.
Pets may well be vegetarians and eat “from the table” of their vegetarian owners, since the person decided, at his whim, to keep them at home. In domestic conditions, animals do not require blood food.
It is absolutely clear that neither a cat nor a dog natural conditions habitat (nor at home on the couch) will not be able to catch and eat a cow. Wild animals also catch and eat fish and birds extremely rarely.
Of course, now, it’s not worth starving pets who are accustomed to fish/meat, everything here is like with people - a competent transition is important.
❔What do you think on this issue? Any examples of vegetarian pets? Share in the comments 👍🏻

I pulled out the patison to make soup. I got distracted and heard a noise in the corridor... Ryzhik is eating us again😂😂😂😂 he is already brazenly stealing vegetables and fruits, grapes, raisins, pies and cookies from the table. You can’t just prepare a salad, leave melon or grapes on the table, and you’ll come back and they’ll be slurping away on your plate. Tell me who your friends are and I will tell you who you are:

Leah is 3 years and 2 months old, since she was 2.5 months old, when she came to me, she was fed only vegetables, fruits and porridge. She ate the same way as me. All her teeth have changed wonderfully, her fur is silk! The bones are so strong! I give her nuts, including, or rather, both dogs. They receive adequate nutrition. Very active! And before Leia couldn’t even crawl! There was no strength! When she was taken from the shelter. The muscles were like rags, they were ugly. Little Lada is growing now, and has been 100 percent vegetarian since the first month. Now she is 5 months old. She is very active, her teeth have all changed, I do muscle exercises with her, and I arrange training sessions with games. She has grown noticeably and has become quite strong! With the big one, they will soon be able to fully play toffee! Who will pull who with a rope or toy. 😀💖👍so everything is great! I give them vitamins! This is always the case! WITHobaki without meat is kinder!!! Tested by experience with my beloved Dick, Laika. When given meat and bones, he became aggressive in games! She stopped giving, her character changed, she became calmer and gentle.