How to remove inner anxiety. Anxiety and Worry: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment

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Anxiety Disorders and Panic: Causes, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnosis and Therapy

Under anxiety disorders imply conditions accompanied by excessive excitability of the nervous system, as well as a strong unreasonable feeling of anxiety and signs observed in the presence of certain pathologies internal organs. This kind of disorder can occur against the background of chronic overwork, stress, or a severe illness. Similar states often referred to as panic attacks.
TO clear signs this condition can be attributed as dizziness, and an unreasonable feeling of anxiety, as well as pain in the abdomen and chest, fear of death or an imminent catastrophe, shortness of breath, a feeling of "coma in the throat".
Both the diagnosis and the treatment of this condition are handled by a neurologist.
Therapy for anxiety disorders includes the use of sedatives, psychotherapy, and numerous stress relief and relaxation techniques.

Anxiety disorders - what is it?

Anxiety disorders are a number of pathologies of the central nervous system, which are characterized by a constant feeling of anxiety that occurs for unknown or insignificant reasons. With the development of this condition, the patient may also complain about signs of some other ailments of the internal organs. So, for example, he may experience shortness of breath, pain in the abdomen or chest, cough, feeling of a lump in the throat, and so on.

What are the causes of anxiety disorders?

Unfortunately, so far, scientists have not been able to establish true reason development of anxiety disorders, but its search is still ongoing. Some scientists argue that this disease is a consequence of a malfunction of certain parts of the brain. Psychologists have come to the conclusion that this kind of disorder makes itself felt due to psychological trauma, against the background of excessive overwork or severe stress. It is psychologists who are sure that this condition can also arise if a person has a very erroneous idea about certain things that causes him a constant feeling of anxiety.

If we take into account the fact that the modern population is simply forced to lead an active lifestyle, it turns out that this condition can develop in each of us. Among the factors that can provoke the development of this type of disorder, one can also include psychological trauma resulting from a severe illness.

How can we distinguish between “normal” anxiety, which enables us to survive in a dangerous situation, and pathological anxiety, which is the result of an anxiety disorder?

1. First of all, it is worth noting that senseless anxiety has nothing to do with a specific dangerous situation. It is always invented, because the patient simply imagines in his mind a situation that does not really exist. The feeling of anxiety in this case exhausts the patient, both physically and emotionally. A person begins to experience a feeling of helplessness, as well as excessive fatigue.

2. "Normal" anxiety is always related to the real situation. It does not tend to disrupt human performance. As soon as the threat disappears, the person’s anxiety immediately disappears.

Anxiety disorders - what are their signs and symptoms?

In addition to a constant feeling of anxiety, which is considered to be the main symptom of this type of disorder, a person may also experience:

Fear of situations that do not actually exist, but the person himself believes that this can happen to him
Frequent mood swings, irritability, tearfulness
Fussiness, shyness
Wet palms, hot flashes, sweating
Excessive fatigue
impatience
Feeling short of oxygen, inability to take a deep breath, or a sudden need to take a deep breath
Insomnia, sleep disturbances, nightmares
Memory impairment, impaired concentration, decreased mental abilities
Feeling of a lump in the throat, difficulty swallowing
A feeling of constant tension that makes it impossible to relax
Dizziness, blurred vision, palpitations
Pain in the back, waist and neck, feeling muscle tension
Pain in the chest, around the navel, in the epigastric region, nausea, diarrhea

It is important to note the fact that all the symptoms that were presented to the attention of readers a little higher very often resemble signs of other pathologies. As a result, patients turn for help to a huge number of specialists, but not to a neurologist.

Quite often, such patients also have phobias - fear of certain objects or situations. The most common phobias are considered to be:

1. Nosophobia- fear of a certain illness or fear of getting sick in general ( for example, carcinophobia - the fear of getting cancer).

2. Agoraphobia- fear of finding yourself in a crowd of people or in an excessively large open space, fear of being unable to get out of this space or crowd.

3. social phobia- fear of eating in public places, fear of being in the company of strangers, fear of speaking in front of an audience, and so on.

4. Claustrophobia- Fear of being in confined spaces. In this case, a person may be afraid to remain both in a locked room, and in transport, in an elevator, and so on.

5. Fear in front of insects, heights, snakes and the like.

It is worth noting that normal fear differs from pathological fear, first of all, by its paralyzing effect. It occurs for no reason, while completely changing human behavior.
Another sign anxiety disorder considered to be obsessive-compulsive syndrome, which is constantly emerging ideas and thoughts that provoke a person to some of the same actions. So, for example, people who constantly think about germs are forced to wash their hands thoroughly with soap almost every five minutes.
Psychiatric disorder is one of the anxiety disorders characterized by sudden, recurring panic attacks that occur without any reason. During such an attack, a person has a rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, as well as a fear of death.

Features of anxiety disorders in children

The feeling of panic and anxiety in a child in most cases is explained by his phobias. As a rule, all children who have this condition try not to communicate with their peers. For communication, they choose grandmothers or parents, because among them they feel out of danger. Quite often, such children have low self-esteem: the child considers himself worse than everyone else, and is also afraid that his parents will stop loving him.

Diagnosis of anxiety disorders and panic attacks

A little higher, we have already said that in the presence of anxiety disorders, the patient has numerous symptoms similar to signs of diseases of the nervous system, digestive tract, goiter, asthma and so on. As a rule, the diagnosis of this pathology can be established only after all pathologies accompanied by the same symptoms are excluded. Both diagnosis and therapy this disease falls within the competence of a neurologist.

Anxiety Therapy

Therapy for this kind of conditions involves psychotherapy, as well as taking medications that tend to reduce anxiety. These medicines are anxiolytics.
As for psychotherapy, this method of treatment is based on numerous techniques that allow the patient to really look at everything that happens, and also help his body relax at the time of an anxiety attack. Psychotherapeutic techniques include both breathing exercises and breathing into a bag, auto-training, as well as the development of a calm attitude to obsessive thoughts in the case of obsessive-compulsive syndrome.
This method of therapy can be used both individually and for the treatment of a small number of people at the same time. Patients are taught how to behave in certain life situations. Such training makes it possible to acquire self-confidence, and, consequently, to overcome all threatening situations.
Therapy of this pathology through drugs involves the use of medications that help restore normal metabolism in the brain. As a rule, in such cases, patients are prescribed anxiolytics, that is, sedatives. There are several groups of such medicines, namely:

Antipsychotics (Tiapride, Sonapax and others) is often prescribed to patients in order to relieve them of excessive feelings of anxiety. Against the background of the use of these medications, such side effects as: obesity, lowering blood pressure, lack of sexual desire can let you know about yourself.
Benzodiazepines (Clonazepam, Diazepam, Alprazolam ) make it possible to forget about the feeling of anxiety in a fairly short period of time. With all this, they can also cause the development of some side effects such as impaired coordination of movement, decreased attention, addiction, drowsiness. The course of therapy with these medications should not exceed four weeks.

Anxiety and restlessness is a person's tendency to experience a state of anxiety. Quite often, such feelings arise when people are faced with serious problems or stressful situations.

Types of Anxiety and Worry

In your life, a person may encounter the following types of anxiety:

Causes and symptoms

The causes of feelings of anxiety and anxiety can be different. The main ones include:

The above causes most often cause anxiety disorders in people at risk:

Such disorders lead to the appearance of various symptoms, the main of which is excessive anxiety. Physical symptoms may also occur:

disturbed concentration;
fatigue;
increased irritability;
sleep problems;
numbness of hands or feet;
anxiety;
pain in the abdomen or back;
hyperemia;
shiver;
sweating;
constant feeling of fatigue.

Proper diagnosis will help you understand how to cope with anxiety and anxiety. A psychiatrist can make a correct diagnosis. You need to seek help only if the symptoms of the disease do not go away within a month or several weeks.

Establishing a diagnosis is quite simple. It is much more difficult to determine which type of disorder a patient has, since many of them have almost the same symptoms.

To study the essence of the problem and clarify the diagnosis, the psychiatrist conducts special psychological tests. Also, the doctor should pay attention to such points:

absence or presence characteristic symptoms, their duration;
the presence of a connection between symptoms and possible diseases of the organs;
the presence of stressful situations that could lead to the appearance of an anxiety disorder.

Treatment

Some do not know what to do with constant anxiety and worry. There are several ways to get rid of this.

Medical treatment

Pills for anxiety and anxiety are prescribed for an aggravated course of the disease. During treatment can be used:

Tranquilizers. They allow you to relieve muscle tension, reduce the severity of the manifestation of fear and anxiety. Tranquilizers should be used with caution as they are addictive.
Beta blockers. Helps to get rid of vegetative symptoms.
Antidepressants. With their help, you can get rid of depression and normalize the mood of the patient.

Confrontation

It is used when you need to get rid of increased anxiety. essence this method is to create an alarming situation with which the patient must cope. Regular repetition of the procedure lowers the level of anxiety and makes a person self-confident.

Psychotherapy

It relieves the patient of negative thoughts that exacerbate the anxiety. It is enough to spend 10-15 sessions to completely get rid of anxiety.

Physical rehabilitation

It is a set of exercises, most of which were taken from yoga. They relieve anxiety, fatigue and nervous tension.

Hypnosis

The fastest and most effective way to get rid of anxiety. During hypnosis, the patient faces their fears, which allows them to find ways to overcome them.

Treatment of children

To get rid of anxiety disorders in children, medications and behavioral therapy are used, which are the most effective method treatment. Its essence lies in the creation of frightening situations and the adoption of measures that would help to cope with them.

Prevention

To prevent the onset and development of an anxiety disorder, you must:

Do not be nervous over trifles. To do this, you need to change your attitude towards factors that may cause anxiety.
Exercise. Regular physical activity will help take your mind off problems.
Avoid stressful situations. It is recommended to do less things that cause negative emotions and worsen mood.
Rest periodically. A little rest helps relieve anxiety, fatigue and stress.
Eat well and limit the use of strong tea, coffee and alcohol. It is necessary to eat more vegetables and fruits, which contain a lot of vitamins. If this is not possible, then you can take vitamin complexes.

Consequences

If you do not get rid of this problem in a timely manner, then some complications may appear.
If left untreated, the feeling of anxiety becomes so pronounced that a person has a panic and begins to behave inappropriately. Along with this, there are physical disorders which include vomiting, nausea, migraines, loss of appetite and bulimia. Such a strong excitement destroys not only the human psyche, but also his life.

Active pace modern life, the constant development of information technology, as well as adverse social situations have a significant impact on the human nervous system and his mental health. In such conditions of increased nervous tension, people of such professions as a teacher, doctor, salesman and many others work.

In the modern world, one of the most common diagnoses is stress neurosis. According to statistics, about 35% of people in various countries of the world experience stress and anxiety.

Such a state inevitably leads to a significant decrease in working capacity and vital activity, as well as to a strong deterioration in the quality of life and social adaptation.

As you know, anxiety is an unpleasant emotional state, which is characterized by the expectation of an unforeseen unfavorable development of events. As a rule, anxiety is transmitted by the presence of bad forebodings, strong tension, anxiety and fear.

The main difference between anxiety and fear is that an anxious state is usually pointless, in contrast to fear, which is always caused by the presence of some object, event, situation or person.

Most often, a person's anxiety refers to the experience of a state of anxiety. Usually the cause of anxiety is the expectation of the social consequences of his successes or failures. It would be useful to note that anxiety is very closely related to stress, which negatively affects the well-being and state of human health. The connection between stress and anxiety is largely due to the fact that anxious emotions are the first symptoms of a stressful situation.

However, it should be noted that anxiety cannot be called a uniquely bad condition. Sometimes anxiety can be adequate and natural, which means that such a state can rightfully be called useful. No person is free from anxiety, especially when he needs to do something new, responsible or unusual. Examples of useful anxiety include preparing for an exam or giving a speech in public. In addition, a person may experience anxiety and slight anxiety when walking along an unlit or unfamiliar street. Such types of anxiety are quite adequate and to some extent even useful, because thanks to them, a person awakens a sense of responsibility and a desire to carefully prepare a speech, study the exam material, or seriously think about whether he should leave the house late at night alone.

In other cases, anxiety is most often unnatural, inadequate and therefore extremely harmful. This condition becomes chronic over time, as a result of which anxiety begins to appear not only in stressful situations, but also at a time when there are no visible adequate causes for anxiety. In such cases, anxiety not only does not help a person to soberly assess the situation, but also prevents him from conducting active daily activities.

Often, anxiety is a common manifestation of such a dangerous disease as neurosis. Anxiety manifests itself in a variety of ways, the most famous of which are:

Emotional anxiety - consists in constant disturbing thoughts about any particular event or anxious expectations and fears associated with any kind of events. Most often occurs in the presence of obsessive anxious reflection on past events.
Physical anxiety - manifested by muscle tension, rather complex relaxation, accompanied by pain in the heart.
Motor anxiety - accompanied by a constant need to be in motion, regular restlessness, systematic twitching of the legs, in order to reduce anxiety.

The main symptoms of anxiety disorders are:

Sleep disturbance, accompanied by systematic complications of falling asleep, as well as very superficial sleep.
Extremely frequent startling from surprises.
Weak trembling in hands.
Cardiopalmus.
Fairly frequent urination.

It should be noted that the problem of anxiety disorders is most common in adolescents. So-called " transitional age”due to many age characteristics, it sharply affects the psyche of a teenager, thereby causing an inexplicable anxiety state.

Among the main possible causes of anxiety in adolescents can be:

Physiological features - most often features of the nervous system, for example, hypersensitivity.
Individual characteristics - usually appear due to unpleasant relationships with parents, peers, problems at school or in personal life.
Improper education is the leader among the main causes of anxiety in adolescents. Simply put, there is anxiety due to unfavorable relationships with parents or lack of due attention on their part.

It is very important to detect the symptoms of anxiety disorders in time and try to stop them. One should clearly know the difference between adequate anxiety and meaningless pathology. After all, being afraid of a predatory wolf is one thing, but quite another is to suffer from incomprehensible bouts of anxiety and suddenly overtaking causeless horror.

This is especially true of the fairer sex, because according to statistics, panic attacks are observed in women twice as often as in men. According to the researchers, this happens for the simple reason that the female hormone progesterone significantly contributes to the activation of the mechanisms that are involved in the above anxiety states.

Main types anxiety states

As a rule, several types of anxiety disorders are distinguished, including anxiety, panic attacks, phobias, post-traumatic stress, and others.

General anxiety: The so-called general anxiety syndrome is understood as a state of anxiety in general, not caused by any particular situation and not associated with anything specific. With the syndrome of general anxiety, acute, strongly pronounced, but relatively short-lived panic attacks are most often observed. However, it should be noted that people suffering from a symptom of general anxiety are more likely to note that their symptoms are blurred, and that the feeling of anxiety is constantly present and is not due to any irrational fear, more familiar to us under the name “phobia”.

Panic attacks: Panic attacks are sudden, brief episodes of intense feelings of fear, accompanied by shortness of breath, a strong increase in heart rate, and dizziness. Panic attacks are not just experienced feelings of fear and nervousness, but also a very pronounced physiological reaction to a particular dangerous situation. However, it should be noted that such a danger exists only in the mind of the patient.

As a rule, panic attacks are triggered by quite strong stress, such as the loss of a loved one, problems at work, divorce, serious illness and others.

Phobia: We call a phobia an obsessive overwhelming fear of certain objects, actions, deeds or situations. Their main difference from the classical state of anxiety is that there is a specific focus of fear. Each of us can be afraid of spiders, cats, air travel, car traffic, confined spaces and many other things. Often people who are obsessed with a phobia try not to think about it as much as possible, although they do not cease to be aware of its complete irrationality. Trying to avoid phobias is very wrong, because. the fear of meeting an object or getting into a situation that is the object of a phobia, most often disrupts the calm life of a person. As in the case of panic attacks, phobias are also most common among the fair sex, and moreover, they mainly develop after panic attacks.

Panic Disorders: Panic disorders are the result of panic attacks. In order to fully explain the causal relationship between these two phenomena, a small example should be given. So, if a person has a panic attack while driving a car, then in the future he will be haunted by unpleasant thoughts, and he will most likely refuse to drive again. Simply put, the idea of panic disorder is that a person who has once experienced a panic attack tries in every possible way to avoid circumstances and places associated with this attack and remind him of it. It is this combination of fear with recurring panic attacks that is called panic disorder. Often it greatly complicates the normal course of life and severely limits the ability to act independently.

Obsessive Compulsive Disorders: This anxiety state is characterized by obsessive, regularly repeated thoughts, so-called manias, or actions that are meaningless, unreasonable and extremely destructive for the patient. Obsessive-compulsive disorders predominantly affect the representatives of the female half of humanity. This disorder proceeds with an obsessive craving for the frequent performance of certain actions or the absorption of any particular idea. So, for example, patients can wash their hands several dozen times a day, check whether the gas is turned off, whether the front door is closed, and so on. These seemingly harmless obsessive actions or thoughts greatly interfere with a person's normal life and often cause severe stress.

Post-traumatic stress: As the name implies, this type of stress develops in a patient as a result of a shock, which entails a violation of normal biological and psychological defense mechanisms. Among the main characteristics of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, there is a feeling of powerlessness, strong vulnerability, anger and hatred. Such disorders are most often found in participants in hostilities, natural disasters, people who have been victims of violence, as well as in former prisoners. In addition, the psyche of people who did not feel cruelty and violence, but became its unwitting witnesses, suffers no less. Among the typical symptoms post-traumatic disorder there is a systematic experience of a traumatic incident, excessive excitability, as well as frequent nightmares.

Generally, the most common causes of PTSD in women are rape or physical abuse. All this in total greatly transforms the mental state of women and their thinking, because of which the psychology of the victim is formed in patients, as a result of which an obsessive thought is generated about their hopelessness, helplessness and intense fear.

As scientists note, there is some predisposition to a fairly quick fixation of feelings of fear. Of course, various obsessive fears can be both intense, capable of subjugating a person’s behavior, and very mild, which will practically not affect his lifestyle. However, the right decision is to make every effort to stop this unpleasant and extremely dangerous mental illness when even the most minor symptoms of anxiety disorders appear.

Treatment of anxiety conditions

It is very important to understand that as a result of a long-term anxiety state, there is a strong depression of mood, loss of interest in any kind of occupation, unreasonable aggression towards others.

Most often, anxiety conditions are accompanied by sleep disturbance, severe headache, palpitations, as well as a significant deterioration in appetite, which leaves a huge negative mark on the human psyche and deprives him of the correct course of life.

It should be remembered that in addition to deprivation of a normal lifestyle, anxiety is the first harbinger of such a dangerous disease as neurosis, so it is imperative to use all available opportunities for its speedy cure.

Fortunately, today there are many ways to eliminate anxiety, both with the help of medications and using non-drug correction.

In order to get ahead of the development of a powerful stressful state in time, it is necessary to start treating increased anxiety at an early stage. Threatening symptoms of a powerful anxiety state are:

Severe pain in the chest, which gradually radiates to the neck, arm and jaw, especially to the left side of the body.
Rapid and extremely irregular heartbeat.
Very difficult breathing, shortness of breath.
Sufficiently high blood pressure.
Severe nausea, vomiting, weight loss due to stool disorder.
Unpleasant sensation of heat, sweating, dry mouth.

Anxiety appears after a strong physical activity or on an empty stomach. Occurs against the background of taking some kind of drug, or, conversely, its abrupt withdrawal. Accompanied most often by unreasonable fears and panic mood.

As noted earlier, a constant anxiety state and the negative emotions associated with it significantly affect health in general. Complex treatment anxiety symptom combines effects on the emotional, mental and physical state.

First of all, it is necessary, after carefully analyzing the current situation, to find the source of the alarming state. It will be very useful for each person to learn the simplest methods of relaxation, because no one is guaranteed from the effects of a stressful state. One of the simplest methods of relaxation is calm deep breathing. In addition, it is important to correctly balanced diet and full sleep, which should average 8 hours.

If symptoms of anxiety are observed in a child, one should certainly increase his self-esteem, begin to praise him as often as possible, never skimp in showing attention and love, and also, if possible, give him complete freedom of choice.

In most cases, by adhering to the above measures, you can get rid of anxiety in a short time and regain a normal life. If this kind of procedure did not bear fruit, then you should definitely consult a doctor.

Treating anxiety with medication

Drugs are commonly used to treat high anxiety. plant origin. In cases where the symptoms of anxiety and increased emotional excitability are not expressed sharply, treatment with such methods is quite acceptable. As you know, the complex of active plant substances, which is formed in a living cell, has a much greater affinity for the human body than chemical substances and besides, they give fewer side effects.

The negative side of the treatment with phytopreparations is that plants contain a number of active biological substances, each of which has a variety of activities. Therefore, it is very important to make right choice both when using one or another individual medicinal plant, and special medicinal preparations, which often contain up to 20 medicinal plants. Special attention one should pay attention to possible side effects, which are not devoid of not only various kinds of synthetic substances, but also herbal preparations.

It would be advisable to dwell on some of the most common drugs in a little more detail, having studied their beneficial properties.

medicinal valerian: Various preparations based on medicinal valerian significantly reduce the excitability of the central nervous system, due to which they are widely used as sedatives. In addition, according to scientists, thanks to valerian, the reflex excitability of the nervous system decreases, and the processes of inhibition in neurons and the structure of the brain increase.

Valerian preparations should be taken with a clear manifestation of nervous excitement. They are contraindicated only in case of individual intolerance.

Motherwort: All kinds of tinctures and extracts of motherwort are used for increased excitability and neurosis, both in adults and in children. As you know, preparations based on motherwort have an excellent calming effect on the nervous system. In addition, thanks to motherwort, the heart rate slows down, the strength of heart contractions increases, and blood pressure also decreases. It is also very important that, compared, for example, with valerian tincture, the sedative effect of motherwort is almost three times more powerful.

At the same time, providing a strong sedative action, motherwort infusions do not violate the process of reproduction and assimilation of information at all, at the same time without changing the adequacy of behavior and without causing a decrease in muscle tone and impaired coordination.

Preparations based on motherwort, like many of its analogues, are contraindicated only in case of individual intolerance.

Passionflower: This herbal preparation is used as a sedative, the effect of which is more powerful than bromides, and at the same time does not cause unpleasant well-being upon awakening. A distinctive feature of passionflower is that it is an excellent sedative after giving up alcohol and drugs.

Such drugs are contraindicated in severe angina pectoris and atherosclerosis.

Peony: Peony-based medicines are excellent sedatives for the central nervous system, relieve increased arousal, anxiety and stress well, and also restore strength during a night's sleep.

Peony is taken to normalize vascular tone, eliminate insomnia and neurosis. Contraindicated only in case of individual intolerance.

Mint: The advantage of mint is that it contains menthol, due to which the vessels of the brain and heart expand significantly. In addition, mint has an excellent calming effect with frequent neurosis, insomnia and extremely high excitability.

In addition to the calming effect, mint has antispasmodic and choleretic properties.

Not many people know that the composition of drugs such as Zelenin drops and validol necessarily includes mint.

Mint is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance.

Hawthorn: With the help of preparations based on hawthorn, one can easily reduce the excitability of the nervous system, while, without exerting a depressing effect on it, increase blood circulation in the heart and brain vessels, reduce the tachycardia phenomenon common in the modern world, and also relieve discomfort and pain in the region of the heart. In addition, with their help, you can significantly improve sleep and well-being in general.

Hawthorn should be taken in a number of cases, including circulatory disorders, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, insomnia, menopausal disorders, as well as tachycardia and arrhythmia.

Hop: Surely many people know the main use of hops, which for many years has been a valuable raw material in the brewing industry. However, the amazing qualities of this plant are not limited to this. As you know, medicines from hop cones have a neurotropic effect, which has a calming effect on the central nervous system. As a rule, hops are used in pediatrics in different quantities: from 3 to 15 drops, depending on the age and stage of development of the anxiety disorder.

In addition, the composition of many well-known drugs specialized in the normalization of the nervous system, along with other components, includes hop oil, which also has many useful properties.

Bromides: The main beneficial effect of bromides is associated with a powerful increase in the inhibitory processes of the cerebral cortex. Often, the effectiveness of treatment with bromine salts largely depends on the specific type of nervous system and its functional activity. For example, people with a fairly strong type of nervous system activity must take larger doses to obtain the desired result than people with a weak type.

It should be noted that it takes quite a long time to remove bromides from the body. So, it takes almost two weeks to reduce bromine in the blood by an approximate amount of 50%, and in addition, traces of bromine can be detected in the blood even after a month.

It is very important to know that due to the very slow excretion of bromides from the body, they can often cause a well-known chronic poisoning - bromism. This phenomenon is most often accompanied by excessive lethargy, severe memory impairment and apathy. Among the first symptoms of bromism are the well-known manifestations colds, i.e. cough, conjunctivitis, rhinitis, as well as all kinds of skin disease and stool disorder.

However, despite the risk of bromine poisoning, nevertheless, bromine salts are very useful substances that are part of many complex sedatives.

homeopathic remedy: In the modern world, homeopathy is gaining more and more attention. Among the most popular homeopathic remedies, naughty and snoverin are most often used, which have excellent calming properties for increased anxiety, stress, insomnia and severe irritability. In addition, such drugs are allowed to be used in pediatrics. It is very important that they do not in the least cause daytime sleepiness, impaired coordination of movement, and addiction.

Also important is the fact that homeopathic remedies quite compatible with other drugs. However, it should be remembered that due to the use of herbal remedies, especially mint, smoking, and the use of alcohol, their therapeutic effect is greatly weakened.

Tranquilizers: Such drugs often have a more pronounced effect on the central nervous system than bromides or herbal preparations. Tranquilizers or, as they are otherwise called, anxiolytics significantly reduce the state of tension, thereby radically eliminating the feeling of anxiety, anxiety and fear. In addition, greatly reducing emotional stress, they contribute to the rapid onset of sound and restful sleep.

However, it should be noted that due to possible addiction and the development of strong mental dependence, tranquilizers are prescribed only by a doctor and are released strictly according to the prescription.

Tips for using sedatives

It is very important to follow some useful tips in order to achieve the most positive effect in the fight against anxiety and stress.

It is inappropriate to use alcohol-containing tinctures for the simple reason that alcohol can cause both changes in the healing effect of the drug and a negative reaction of the patient to it.
Almost all sedative drugs when taken are sufficient large doses have a strong sedative effect.
The use of sedatives before bedtime contributes to a sound and restful sleep with insomnia.
Like any drug, sedatives also show the best effect when used regularly for 3 or more weeks.
Herbal infusions are best stored in a cool, dark place.

As it turned out, there are many ways to stop the development of anxiety. Under no circumstances should this dangerous disease be tolerated. Indeed, as a rule, an anxious and depressive state is accompanied by both simple fatigue and a significant deterioration in general well-being.

It is quite natural to have a short anxiety state after the loss of a loved one or deep disappointment, but there are often cases when depression continues for a very long time, which is the first sign of mental illness.

If you are a victim of feelings of deep sadness, intense hopelessness and helplessness. If you feel worthless, lose control of yourself, have low self-esteem, and also lose interest in any kind of activity, whether it is your usual meal or your favorite hobby, then you should definitely seek help from a doctor without delay.

In addition to the fact that a person, being in an anxious state, becomes extremely uncommunicative, aggressive and has great difficulties in his personal life and at work, he is also threatened with frequent unjustified poor physical condition, and in some cases suicidal thoughts.

The symptoms of an anxiety state in no way depend on the age of a person, so both adults and children can become victims of it. Usually, the feeling of anxiety is mild and short-lived, but no one has a guarantee against a severe and long-term depressive state. It is very important in no case not to postpone treatment, but to treat it with all seriousness and responsibility. And most importantly, when even the most insignificant symptoms of an anxiety state appear, it is necessary to immediately take up the eradication of this unpleasant and extremely dangerous disease.

Anxiety- the tendency of a person to feel intense anxiety and fear, often unreasonably. It is manifested by psychological anticipation of a threat, discomfort and other negative emotions. Unlike a phobia, with anxiety, a person cannot accurately name the cause of fear - it remains uncertain.

Prevalence of anxiety. Among children in high school, anxiety reaches 90%. Among adults, 70% suffer from increased anxiety in different periods life.

Psychological symptoms of anxiety may occur intermittently or most of the time:

excessive worries for no reason or for a minor reason;
premonition of trouble;
inexplicable fear before any event;
feeling of insecurity;
indefinite fear for life and health (personal or family members);
perception of ordinary events and situations as dangerous and unfriendly;
depressed mood;
weakening of attention, distraction to disturbing thoughts;
difficulties in study and work due to constant tension;
increased self-criticism;
"scrolling" in the head of one's own actions and statements, increased feelings about this;
pessimism.

Physical symptoms of anxiety are explained by the excitation of the autonomic nervous system, which regulates the work of internal organs. Slightly or moderately expressed:

rapid breathing;
accelerated heartbeat;
weakness;
sensation of a lump in the throat;
increased sweating;
skin redness;

External manifestations of anxiety. Anxiety in a person is given out by various behavioral reactions, for example:

clenches fists;
snaps fingers;
pulls clothes;
licking or biting lips;
bites nails;
rubs his face.

The meaning of anxiety. Anxiety is considered to be a protective mechanism that should warn a person about an impending danger from outside or about an internal conflict (a struggle of desires with conscience, ideas about morality, social and cultural norms). This so-called useful anxiety. Within reasonable limits, it helps to avoid mistakes and defeats.

Increased anxiety counts pathological condition(not a disease, but a deviation from the norm). Often it is a reaction to the transferred physical or emotional stresses.

Norm and pathology. Norma counts moderate anxiety associated with disturbing personality traits. In this case, a person often has anxiety and nervous tension for the most insignificant reasons. At the same time, vegetative symptoms (pressure drops, palpitations) appear very slightly.

Signs of mental disorders are bouts of intense anxiety lasting from several minutes to several hours, during which the state of health worsens: weakness, pain in chest, a feeling of heat, trembling in the body. In this case, anxiety may be a symptom of:

anxiety disorder;
Panic disorder with panic attacks;
Anxious endogenous depression;
obsessive-compulsive disorder;
Hysteria;
Neurasthenia;
Post-traumatic stress disorder.

What can heightened anxiety lead to? Under the influence of anxiety, behavioral disorders occur.

Departure to the world of illusions. Often anxiety does not have a clear subject. For a person, this turns out to be more painful than the fear of something specific. He comes up with a reason for fear, then phobias develop on the basis of anxiety.
Aggressiveness. It occurs when a person has increased anxiety and low self-esteem. In order to get rid of the oppressive feeling, he humiliates other people. This behavior only brings temporary relief.
Inactivity and apathy, which are a consequence of prolonged anxiety and are associated with the depletion of mental strength. A decrease in emotional reactions makes it difficult to see the cause of anxiety and eliminate it, and also worsens the quality of life.
The development of psychosomatic illness. The physical symptoms of anxiety (palpitations, bowel spasms) are aggravated and become the cause of the disease. Possible consequences: ulcerative colitis, gastric ulcer, bronchial asthma, neurodermatitis.

Why does anxiety occur?

To the question: “Why does anxiety arise?” there is no clear answer. Psychoanalysts say that the reason is that the desires of a person do not coincide with the possibilities or are contrary to morality. Psychiatrists believe that wrong upbringing and stress are to blame. Neuroscientists argue that the main role is played by the features of the course of neurochemical processes in the brain.

Reasons for the development of anxiety

Congenital features of the nervous system. Anxiety is based on a congenital weakness of the nervous processes, which is characteristic of people with a melancholic and phlegmatic temperament. Heightened experiences are caused by the peculiarities of the neurochemical processes that take place in the brain. This theory is proved by the fact that increased anxiety is inherited from parents, therefore, it is fixed at the genetic level.
Features of education and social environment. The development of anxiety can be provoked by excessive guardianship of parents or an unfriendly attitude from others. Under their influence, disturbing personality traits become noticeable already in childhood or appear in adulthood.
Situations associated with a risk to life and health. These can be serious illnesses, attacks, car accidents, disasters and other situations that have caused a person intense fear for your life and well-being. In the future, this anxiety extends to all the circumstances that are associated with this situation. So a person who has survived a car accident feels anxiety for himself and loved ones who are traveling in transport or crossing the road.
Repetitive and chronic stress. Conflicts, problems in personal life, mental overload at school or at work deplete the resources of the nervous system. It is noticed that the more negative experience a person has, the higher his anxiety.
Severe somatic diseases. Diseases accompanied by severe pain, stress, high temperature, intoxication of the body violate the biochemical processes in nerve cells which may manifest as anxiety. stress caused dangerous disease, causes a tendency to negative thinking, which also increases anxiety.
Hormonal disorders. Failures in the work of the endocrine glands lead to a change hormonal balance on which the stability of the nervous system depends. Often, anxiety is associated with an excess of thyroid hormones and a malfunction in the ovaries. Periodic anxiety caused by a violation of the production of sex hormones is observed in women in the premenstrual period, as well as during pregnancy, after childbirth and abortion, during menopause.
Improper nutrition and vitamin deficiency. a lack of nutrients leads to violations of metabolic processes in the body. And the brain is especially sensitive to starvation. The production of neurotransmitters is negatively affected by a lack of glucose, B vitamins and magnesium.
Lack of physical activity. A sedentary lifestyle and lack of regular exercise disrupt the metabolism. Anxiety is the result of this imbalance, manifesting itself on a mental level. Conversely, regular training activates nervous processes, contributes to the release of hormones of happiness and the elimination of disturbing thoughts.
Organic brain damage in which blood circulation and nutrition of the brain tissue are disturbed:

Transferred in childhood severe infections;
Injuries received during childbirth;
cerebrovascular accident in atherosclerosis, hypertension, age-related changes;
Changes caused by alcoholism or drug addiction.

Psychologists and neuroscientists agreed that anxiety develops if a person has innate features of the nervous system, which are superimposed on social and psychological factors.
Causes of increased anxiety in children

Overprotection by parents who are too protective of the child, afraid of illness, injury and show their fear.
Anxiety and suspiciousness of parents.
Parental alcoholism.
Frequent conflicts in the presence of children.
Poor relationship with parents. Lack of emotional contact, detachment. Lack of kindness.
Fear of separation from mother.
Parental aggression towards children.
Excessive criticism and excessive demands on the child by parents and teachers, which result in internal conflicts and low self-esteem.
Fear of not meeting the expectations of adults: "If I make a mistake, then they will not love me."
Inconsistent demands of parents, when the mother allows, and the father forbids, or "Not at all, but today it is possible."
Rivalries in the family or class.
Fear of being rejected by peers.
Child's disability. Inability to dress, eat, go to bed on their own at the appropriate age.
Children's fears associated with scary tales, cartoons, films.

Taking certain medicines May also increase anxiety in children and adults:

preparations containing caffeine - citramon, cold medicines;
preparations containing ephedrine and its derivatives - broncholitin, dietary supplements for weight loss;
thyroid hormones - L-thyroxine, alostin;
beta-agonists - clonidine;
antidepressants - Prozac, fluoxicar;
psychostimulants - dexamphetamine, methylphenidate;
hypoglycemic agents - Novonorm, Diabrex;
narcotic analgesics(with their cancellation) - morphine, codeine.

What types of anxiety exist?

Due to development

Personal anxiety- a constant tendency to anxiety, which does not depend on the environment and circumstances. Most events are perceived as dangerous, everything is seen as a threat. It is considered an overly pronounced personality trait.
Situational (reactive) anxiety- anxiety arises before significant situations or is associated with new experiences, possible troubles. Such fear is considered a variant of the norm and is present to varying degrees in all people. It makes a person more careful, stimulates to prepare for the upcoming event, which reduces the risk of failure.

By area of origin

Learning anxiety- associated with the learning process;
interpersonal associated with difficulties in communicating with certain people;
Associated with self-image– high level of wishes and low self-esteem;
Social- arises from the need to interact with people, get acquainted, communicate, be interviewed;
Choice anxiety- the unpleasant sensations that arise when you have to make a choice.

In terms of impact on humans

Mobilizing anxiety- provokes a person to take actions aimed at reducing risk. It activates the will, improves thought processes and physical activity.
Relaxing anxiety- paralyzes the will of man. It makes it difficult to make decisions and perform actions that would help find a way out of this situation.

According to the adequacy of the situation

Adequate anxiety- reaction to objectively existing problems (in the family, in the team, in school or at work). May refer to one area of activity (for example, communication with the boss).
Inappropriate anxiety- is the result of a conflict between a high level of aspirations and low self-esteem. It occurs against the background of external well-being and the absence of problems. It seems to a person that neutral situations are a threat. Usually it is spilled and concerns many areas of life (study, interpersonal communication, health). Often seen in teenagers.

By severity

Reduced anxiety– even potentially dangerous situations that carry a threat do not cause alarm. As a result, a person underestimates the seriousness of the situation, is too calm, does not prepare for possible difficulties, and often neglects his duties.
Optimal Anxiety- Anxiety arises in situations that require the mobilization of resources. Anxiety is expressed moderately, so it does not interfere with the performance of functions, but provides an additional resource. It has been observed that people with optimal anxiety are better than others in controlling their mental state.
Increased anxiety- anxiety manifests itself often, too much and for no reason. It interferes with an adequate reaction of a person, blocks his will. Increased anxiety causes absent-mindedness and panic at a crucial moment.

Which doctor should I contact with anxiety?

People with anxious personality traits do not need treatment because "character does not heal." A good rest for 10-20 days and the elimination of a stressful situation help them reduce anxiety. If after a few weeks the condition has not returned to normal, then you need to seek help from psychologist. If he reveals signs of neurosis, anxiety disorder or other disorders, he will recommend contacting psychotherapist or psychiatrist.

How is anxiety corrected?

Correction of anxiety should begin with the establishment of an accurate diagnosis. Because with anxious depression, antidepressants may be needed, and with neurosis, tranquilizers, which will be ineffective for anxiety. The main method of treating anxiety as a personality trait is psychotherapy.

Psychotherapy and psychological correction

The impact on the psyche of a person suffering from increased anxiety is carried out with the help of conversations and various techniques. The effectiveness of this approach for anxiety is high, but it takes time. Correction can take from several weeks to a year.

Behavioral psychotherapy

Behavioral or behavioral psychotherapy is designed to change a person's response to situations that cause anxiety. You can react differently to the same situation. For example, going on a trip, you can imagine the dangers that lie in wait on the road, or you can rejoice at the opportunity to see new places. People with high anxiety always negative thinking. They think of dangers and difficulties. The task of behavioral psychotherapy is to change the pattern of thinking to a positive one.
Treatment is carried out in 3 stages

Determine the source of the alarm. To do this, you need to answer the question: “What were you thinking about before you felt anxiety?”. This object or situation is likely to be the cause of the anxiety.
Question the rationality of negative thoughts. “How big is the chance that your worst fears will come true?” Usually it is negligible. But even if the worst happens, in the vast majority of cases there is still a way out.
Replace negative thoughts with positive ones. The patient is encouraged to replace thoughts with positive and more real ones. Then, at the moment of anxiety, repeat them to yourself.

Behavioral therapy does not eliminate the cause of increased anxiety, but teaches you to think rationally and control your emotions.

Exposure psychotherapy

This direction is based on a systematic reduction of sensitivity to situations that cause anxiety. This approach is used if anxiety is associated with specific situations: fear of heights, fear of public speaking travel by public transport. In this case, the person is gradually immersed in the situation, giving the opportunity to face their fear. With each visit to a psychotherapist, the tasks become more difficult.

Situation representation. The patient is asked to close their eyes and imagine the situation in full detail. When the feeling of anxiety reaches its highest level, the unpleasant image must be released and returned to reality, and then move on to muscle relaxation and relaxation. At the next meetings with a psychologist, they look at pictures or films that demonstrate a frightening situation.
Getting to Know the Situation. A person needs to touch what he is afraid of. Go out onto the balcony of a high-rise building, say hello to those gathered in the audience, stand at the bus stop. At the same time, he experiences anxiety, but is convinced that he is safe and his fears are not confirmed.
getting used to the situation. It is necessary to increase the exposure time - ride on a Ferris wheel, drive one stop in transport. Gradually, the tasks become more difficult, the time spent in an anxious situation is longer, but at the same time, addiction sets in and anxiety is significantly reduced.

When performing tasks, a person must demonstrate courage and self-confidence by his behavior, even if this does not correspond to his inner feelings. Behavior change helps you change your attitude to the situation.

Hypnosuggestive Therapy

During the session, a person is put into a hypnotic state and instilled with him settings that help change the wrong thought patterns and attitudes towards frightening situations. Suggestion includes several directions:

Normalization of processes occurring in the nervous system.
Increasing self-esteem and self-confidence.
Forgetting unpleasant situations that led to the development of anxiety.
Suggestion of an imaginary positive experience regarding a frightening situation. For example, "I like to fly on airplanes, during the flight I experienced the best moments of my life."
Instilling a sense of calm and security.

This technique allows you to help the patient with any type of anxiety. The only limitation may be poor suggestibility or the presence of contraindications.

Psychoanalysis

Working with a psychoanalyst is aimed at identifying internal conflicts between instinctive desires and moral norms or human capabilities. After the recognition of contradictions, their discussion and rethinking, anxiety recedes, as its cause disappears.
The inability of a person to independently identify the cause of anxiety suggests that it lies in the subconscious. Psychoanalysis helps to penetrate the subconscious and eliminate the cause of anxiety, therefore it is recognized as an effective technique.
Psychological correction of anxiety in children

play therapy

It is the leading treatment for anxiety in preschool and primary school children. With the help of specially selected games, it is possible to identify deep fear that causes anxiety and get rid of it. The child's behavior during play indicates the processes taking place in his unconscious. The information obtained is used by the psychologist to select methods for reducing anxiety.
The most common variant of play therapy is when the child is offered to play the role of what/what he/she is afraid of - ghosts, bandits, teachers. At the initial stages, these can be individual games with a psychologist or parents, then group games with other children. Fear and anxiety are reduced after 3-5 sessions.
To relieve anxiety, the game "Masquerade" is suitable. Children are given various items of adult clothing. Then they are asked to choose which role to play in the masquerade. They are asked to talk about their character and play with other children who are also “in character”.

fairy tale therapy

This technique for reducing anxiety in children involves writing fairy tales on their own or with adults. It helps you express your fears, come up with a plan of action in a frightening situation, and manage your behavior. Can be used by parents to reduce anxiety during periods of mental stress. Suitable for children over 4 years old and teenagers.

Relieve muscle tension

Muscle tension that accompanies anxiety is relieved with the help of breathing exercises, children's yoga, games aimed at muscle relaxation.
Games to relieve muscle tension

A game	Instruction for the child
"Balloon"	We fold the lips with a tube. Exhaling slowly, inflate balloon. We imagine what a big and beautiful ball we got. We smile.
"pipe"	Slowly exhale through the lips folded in a tube, sort through the fingers on an imaginary pipe.
"Gift under the tree"	We inhale, close our eyes, present the best gift under the tree. We exhale, open our eyes, depict joy and surprise on our faces.
"Barbell"	Inhale - raise the bar above your head. Exhale - lower the bar to the floor. We tilt the body forward, relax the muscles of the arms, neck, back, and rest.
"Humpty Dumpty"	With the phrase "Humpty Dumpty was sitting on the wall," we rotate the body, the arms are relaxed and freely follow the body. "Humpty Dumpty fell down in a dream" - a sharp tilt of the body forward, arms and neck are relaxed.

Family Therapy

The psychologist's conversations with all family members help to improve the emotional atmosphere in the family and develop a parenting style that will allow the child to feel calm, feel needed and important.
At a meeting with a psychologist, the presence of both parents, and, if necessary, grandparents, is important. It should be borne in mind that after 5 years the child listens more to the parent of the same sex with him, who has a special influence.

Medical treatment for anxiety

Drug group	Medicines	Action
Nootropic drugs	Phenibut, Piracetam, Glycine	They are prescribed when the energy resources of the brain structures are depleted. Improve brain function, make it less sensitive to damaging factors.
Sedative drugs for plant-based	Tinctures, infusions and decoctions of lemon balm, valerian, peony motherwort, persen	They have a calming effect, reduce fear and anxiety.
selective anxiolytics	Afobazole	Relieves anxiety and normalizes processes in the nervous system, eliminating its cause. It has no inhibitory effect on the nervous system.

Self help for anxiety

Methods for Reducing Anxiety in Adults

Introspection It is an attempt to sort out the inner conflict on your own. First you need to make two lists. The first is “I want”, where all material and non-material desires are entered. The second is “Must/Must”, which includes responsibilities and internal restrictions. Then they are compared and contradictions are revealed. For example, “I want to go traveling”, but “I have to pay off the loan and take care of the children.” Even the first stage will significantly reduce anxiety. Then you should determine what is more valuable and more important to you. Is there a compromise between "want" and "need"? For example, a short trip after paying off a loan. The final step is to draw up an action plan that will help in the fulfillment of desires.
Auto-training to increase self-esteem. It combines self-persuasion and muscle relaxation. Often at the heart of anxiety, the contradiction between desire and lack of faith in one's own strength is treated - "I want to please a man, but I'm not good enough." Self-confidence is aimed at strengthening faith in oneself. To do this, in a relaxed state, it is better to repeat verbal formulas before falling asleep, with the necessary statements. “My body is completely relaxed. I am beautifull. I am self-confident. I'm charming." The result will improve significantly if you combine auto-training and work on yourself in other areas: sports, intellectual development, etc.
Meditation. This practice includes breathing exercises, muscle relaxation and concentration on a specific subject (sound, candle flame, one's own breath, a point in the area between the eyebrows). At the same time, it is necessary to discard all thoughts, but not to drive them away, but to ignore them. Meditation helps to streamline thoughts and emotions, to concentrate on the present moment - “here and now”. It reduces anxiety, which is a vague fear of the future.
Change life situation – work, marital status, social circle. Often, anxiety arises when it is necessary to do something that goes against the goals, moral attitudes, and opportunities. When the cause of the internal conflict is eliminated, anxiety disappears.
Increasing Success. If a person feels successful in some area (work, study, family, sports, creativity, communication), then this significantly increases self-esteem and reduces anxiety.
Communication. The wider the social circle and the closer social contacts, the lower the level of anxiety.
Regular spot classes. Training 3-5 times a week for 30-60 minutes reduces the level of adrenaline, increases the production of serotonin. They restore balance in the nervous system and improve mood.
Rest and sleep mode. A full 7-8 hour sleep restores the resource of the brain and increases its activity.

Please note that these methods do not give an immediate effect in the fight against anxiety. You will feel a significant improvement in 2-3 weeks, and it will take several months of regular exercise to completely get rid of anxiety.

Reduce the number of remarks. An anxious child suffers greatly from the excessive demands of adults and the inability to meet them.
Make comments to the child in private. Explain why he is wrong, but do not humiliate his dignity, do not call him names.
Be consistent. It is impossible to allow what was forbidden before and vice versa. If the child does not know how you will react to his misbehavior, then the level of stress increases significantly.
Avoid speed competitions and general comparisons of the child with others. It is acceptable to compare the child with him in the past: "Now you are doing better than last week."
Demonstrate confident demeanor in front of your child. IN further action parents become role models in difficult situations.
Remember the importance of physical contact. It can be strokes, hugs, massage, games. Touch shows your love and soothes a child at any age.
Praise the child. Praise must be well-deserved and sincere. Find something to praise your child for at least 5 times a day.

What is the Anxiety Scale?

The basis for determining the level of anxiety is anxiety scale. It is a test in which it is required to choose a statement that most accurately describes a mental state or assess the degree of anxiety in various situations.
There are various options for methods named after the authors: Spielberger-Khanin, Kondash, Parishioner.

Spielberger-Khanin technique

This technique allows you to measure both personal anxiety (a personality trait) and situational anxiety (a state in a certain situation). This distinguishes it from other options, which give an idea of only one type of anxiety.
The Spielberger-Khanin technique is intended for adults. It can be in the form of two tables, but the electronic version of testing is more convenient. An important condition when passing the test is that you can not think about the answer for a long time. It is necessary to indicate the option that first came to mind.
To determine personal anxiety it is necessary to rate 40 judgments that describe your feelings USUALLY(In most cases). For example:

I get upset easily;
I am quite happy;
I am satisfied;
I have blues.

To determine situational anxiety it is required to evaluate 20 judgments that describe feelings AT THE MOMENT. For example:

I am calm;
I am satisfied;
I'm nervous;
I'm sad.

Evaluation of judgments is given on a 4-point scale, from "never/no, not so" - 1 point, to "almost always/absolutely true" - 4 points.
The scores are not summed up, but a “key” is used to interpret the answers. With its help, each answer is estimated by a certain number of points. After processing the responses, indicators of situational and personal anxiety are determined. They can range from 20 to 80 points.

Children's Anxiety Scale

Anxiety in children aged 7 to 18 is measured using methods of multivariate assessment of child anxiety Romytsina. The technique is in most cases used in electronic form, which simplifies its behavior and processing of results.
It consists of 100 questions that must be answered "yes" or "no". These questions concern various areas child's activities:

general anxiety;
relationships with peers;
relationship with parents;
relationships with teachers;
check of knowledge;
assessment of others;
success in learning;
self-expression;
decrease in mental activity caused by anxiety;
vegetative manifestations of anxiety (shortness of breath, sweating, palpitations).

Each of the scales can acquire one of 4 values:

Anxiety denial - what can be a defensive reaction;
Normal level of anxiety that prompts action;
Increased level - in certain situations, anxiety disrupts the child's adaptation;
High level- Anxiety needs to be corrected.

The method of multidimensional assessment of child anxiety allows not only to determine the level of anxiety, but also to indicate to which area it belongs, as well as to establish the cause of its development.

It should be noted that although increased anxiety in children and adults is not dangerous to health, it leaves an imprint on a person’s behavior, making them more vulnerable or, on the contrary, aggressive, and makes them refuse meetings, trips, as situations that carry a threat. This state affects the decision-making process, forcing you to choose not what will bring success, but what entails less risk. Therefore, the correction of anxiety allows you to make life richer and happier.

In the 21st century, a person is exposed to many constant stressors. Attack with negative news from the mass media, interpersonal problems, global military conflicts, it is easy to get out of balance. Poor nutrition, ecology, supplementing psychological difficulties, can cause a state of depression, depression, causeless feelings of fear, and strong anxiety.

Anxiety is accompanied by symptoms:

Sudden feeling of panic anxiety, as if something is about to happen.
A constant state of discomfort, diffuse pain throughout the body, slight nausea.
An attack of unreasonable fear of death, a growing danger without a visible source of threat.
Anxiety that intensifies in the evening. Depressed, bad mood. Mental confusion, not leaving melancholy.
Obsessive fears, bad thoughts about the sudden possibility of death.
Deterioration in the morning after drinking coffee - increased tremor, excitement. Breathing becomes difficult, nauseated, there is inexplicable anxiety, panic.

Psychology, psychiatry describes the increasing phenomenon of panic attacks. An unconscious defensive reaction is provoked by prolonged stressful situations, an oppressive feeling of control, defenselessness in society. Psychotherapist Walter Cannon in 1932 described the specific state of the body: "fight or flight."

The term implies the inclusion of defense mechanisms present in the genes from the moment the species appears. Homo sapiens. The explainable phenomenon shows that panic attacks occur for no reason, without real threats, provoke flight, a defensive attack.

Symptoms of causeless fear, panic attack:

The sudden attack was not provoked by anything. There is a feeling of growing anxiety, panic.
Unpleasant "excitement" in the chest, abdomen.
Impaired respiratory function: rapid, superficial can lead to DHW syndrome (hyperventilation of the lungs). The result is dizziness, faintness.
Nausea, "trembling", trembling in the whole body.

The feeling of panic is caused by the constant overexcitation of the sympathetic, nervous system, which is controlled by the spinal cord. The peripheral system is responsible for the physiology of the body, which is not controlled by the will of man.

Anxiety causes acute signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia:

Paleness of the skin, coldness of the extremities, weakness, feeling of a "lump" that constricts the throat.
Tremor, internal trembling, which cannot be appeased on its own.
Hyperhidrosis - increased sweating feet, palms, or the whole body.
Cardioneurosis - unreasonable excitement provokes an abnormal heartbeat, tachycardia, a pulse rate of up to 150 beats per minute.
A common cause of panic is an irrational, obsessive fear of death, numbness of the body, tingling in the hands, feet.

The condition is caused by constantly growing negative experiences, strong stressful situations of a physical and neuro-emotional nature. At an unconscious level, the human brain begins to perceive the body as a source of danger, constantly in the mode of waiting for a threat.

At this stage of the reactionary struggle, there is an increased production of the hormone adrenaline, cortisol by the adrenal glands. They provoke unmotivated aggression, auto-aggression, nervousness, rudeness. The period does not last long, followed by a depressed state of boredom, indifference, lethargy.

Regular attacks of causeless panic provoke:

Insomnia, insomnia, on the basis of causeless fear. Nightmarish dreams associated with constant anxiety, fear of falling asleep, frequent awakenings.
Constant lack of appetite, emotional apathy, anorexia, frequent irritation. Drowsiness, increased tearfulness, causeless mood swings.
Psychogenic pain in the region of the heart, which is the cause of fear sudden death. Headaches, dizziness.
Obsessive phobias, vague mystical fears, increased nervous excitability.
Derealization is a sudden state of blurred perception of reality. A sign of prolonged overstrain of the psyche.
Sudden panic attacks are the cause psychosomatic diseases. Feelings of anxiety provoked by bad thoughts increase blood pressure.

The causes of panic attacks are diverse, often present in a complex, rarely represented by a single factor. The prerequisites for a possible disorder of the nervous system can be observed already from the age of 7-8 years, and become more noticeable by the age of 18.

A person who has begun to perceive himself as a person falls under a complex of adverse influences that injure the psyche. In young people, the elderly, the symptoms and panic attacks proceed similarly.

The underlying causes of an attack of fear, inexplicable anxiety

Emotional deprivation: insufficiently realized psycho-emotional needs, feelings. Seen in single men and women different ages, young children from disadvantaged families. Manifested by a lack of support, acceptance. Panic syndrome is provoked by constant emotional, tactile hunger, lack of energy exchange with parents, loved ones.
Prolonged latent or untreated depression, diseases of the internal organs. Disorders of the organs of the endocrine system have a special effect on the emotional state. An imbalance of hormones secreted by the thyroid gland, adrenal glands is one of the causes of bouts of incomprehensible anxiety that rolls over feelings of panic.
Toxic, harmful interpersonal relationships according to scenarios: accusations, increased demands, manipulation. The exclusion of the opportunity to talk, to restore justice. The loss of a loved one is a frequent factor in long-term neurosis.
Hormonal changes in the body adolescence, menopause. Pregnancy, early postpartum period. seasonal shortage sunny day, autumn melancholy.
Intentionally created conditions where a person constantly feels powerless over the situation, for example, the school curriculum, emotional tyranny in the family, persecution. Long stay next to the source provokes panic attacks, inexplicable anxiety.

A feeling of sudden fear may arise against a background of relative emotional health, during the period when the stressor has ceased its action. The feeling of anxiety appears unexpectedly, tends to intensify negative symptoms in the human body and mind.

How to beat chronic anxiety - what to do at the very beginning?

Seek the advice of a psychotherapist.

Before prescribing therapy, the doctor must exclude diseases: diabetes mellitus, cervical osteochondrosis, the presence of oncological tumors. Assign a comprehensive biochemical blood test, check the balance of trace elements, vitamins.

Do not use drugs on your own that remove the symptoms of sudden panic fear, severe anxiety.

It is forbidden to drink pills without eliminating the cause. Anxiolytics, antidepressants, tranquilizers will help for a short period of time, constant use will provoke addiction. Often, after withdrawal, there is an increase in feelings of panic, constant anxiety, unjustified fear of death.

It is necessary to undergo daily monitoring of the ECG, undergo an ultrasound of the heart.
Get rid of diets that have caused a lack of useful trace elements and vitamins. Prolonged veganism, vegetarianism, raw food diet, exclusion of glucose quickly leads to frequent seizures panic attacks.

A balanced diet is a paramount factor in the treatment of depression, panic attacks. The constant presence in food of the proper combination of proteins, fats, complex carbohydrates can prevent most of the sudden anxiety conditions provoked by hunger.

Before treatment, it is necessary to undergo an examination by narrow specialists, to exclude morphological, structural diseases of the organs. The last examination is carried out by a psychiatrist. Panic attacks can only be part of another pathological psycho-complex.
Drug treatment of panic attacks is prescribed after the ineffectiveness of work on emotional state removing the source of stress.

Psychotherapist Yevgeny Batrak regards panic attack syndrome as a borderline condition. At this stage, the disease did not manifest itself in full force, but the symptoms that signal violations of the nervous system are already pronounced.

How to prevent an unreasonable anxiety attack in advance?

Prevent panic attacks by regular exercise in the fresh air. Running, swimming, any outdoor sport, breathing practices.
Self-regulation of the emotional background. Feeling suddenly that an attack is coming, you should learn to distract yourself: it hurts to pinch, stop thinking about an approaching panic attack, interrupt negative thoughts with memorized phrases from auto-training.
Physical, emotional overload, all causes of panic attacks - to exclude. Plan time in advance, perform safe work that does not cause anxiety or fear.
sudden, causeless anxiety often causes short sleep, work without vacation, emotional overload. You need to sleep at least 8 hours a day, with frequent stress, exhaustion of the nervous system is observed, if possible, take a long vacation.
Eliminate constant sources of anxiety, negative experiences, change jobs, or end a harmful relationship. Do not hold back emotions, find a suitable way to express them: dancing, sports, drawing. Any creative activity distracts from the bad intrusive thoughts, unrest.

The state of an unbalanced nervous system returns to normal rather slowly. It is necessary to treat yourself with patience, to observe the regularity of autogenic soothing workouts, daily routine.

How to deal with a sudden anxiety attack on your own?

Provide yourself with access to a large space, fresh air. To overcome sudden panic, anxiety, helps to spread your attention around. Fixing the cause of internal anxiety exacerbates the situation.
Control the depth, frequency of respiratory movements. Make breathing rare, moderately deep, avoid hyperventilation. It will help dull the feeling of anxiety, reduce emotional stress.
Ask for help, or feel free to refuse it. Depending on the reasons, dealing with bouts of emotional anxiety on your own can be easier.
With a sudden night attack of panic, internal trembling, fear - urgently get up to eat, drink warm, weak tea. Sweets are optional. The process is a distraction, will gradually increase the level of glucose in the blood, reduce the feeling of anxiety.
During frequent, constant panic attacks, remove additional irritants - restless music, films, books, TV, limit Internet use as much as possible.

A mistake in helping people who are experiencing bouts of sudden fear, panic is the immediate use of drugs that block emotions. This causes exhaustion of the nervous system, emotional insensitivity, dependence on the therapy received. Emotional lability, anxiety, suggest the exclusion of a negative irritating factor.

For two months, you can exclude viewing all potentially dangerous things, avoid situations that provoke unreasonable excitement, panic. Observe a clear regime of work and rest, eat a balanced diet in order to avoid a lack of trace elements necessary for a healthy nervous system.