How to relieve intestinal colic in adults. How to treat intestinal colic. Differences of intestinal colic from other similar conditions

Colic is sudden, severe and sharp pain resulting from intense contraction of smooth muscles. Such contractions can occur in any organ made up of such muscles. Intestinal colic - acute abdominal pain of varying intensity. It may be accompanied by diarrhea and bloating or constipation. Often the pain symptom alternates, grows in waves, depending on the segment of the intestine in which this moment time, pathological contractions occur.

In the first months of a child's life, naturally, from time to time, intestinal spasms occur. This is because the intestines have not yet begun to fully function, there are difficulties in removing accumulated gases. In adults, colic can occur due to various factors.

Causes of intestinal colic in adults

Under the guise of intestinal colic can hide very serious pathologies abdominal cavity that may require surgical intervention. That is why such a symptom should make the doctor alert and be able to quickly navigate in determining the causes of the disease process. Often intestinal colic is associated with such a concept as "acute abdomen", they can indicate both functional disorders intestines, and its deep organic lesions.

This type of intestinal syndrome is characterized by mixed symptoms, when colic, in addition to pain, is accompanied by indigestion (diarrhea) and manifestations of infection on the part of respiratory tract(cough, runny nose, pain and redness in the throat). Pain in the muscles of the abdominal wall can be quite severe and increase with movement, which can lead to diagnostic errors. In such cases, it is necessary to consult a surgeon.

The cause of intestinal colic can be intestinal obstruction, impaired motility, stretching of intestinal loops, accumulation of feces, or a mechanical obstruction (tumor, adhesions). An unpleasant condition can occur due to heavy lifting and excessive physical exertion.

There are many factors that cause intestinal colic, only a specialist can understand the causes of an unpleasant symptom and determine measures that can eliminate pain and alleviate the patient's condition. What are the main symptoms associated with intestinal colic?

Symptoms

What could be the main signs of this phenomenon? The very first thing to note is sharp severe pain in the intestines, usually rolling in waves or spasms. They can be sharp and growing. Most of all, the patient feels pain in the navel, but often they are felt in the lower abdomen. There are fewer cases when patients complain of spasms in the lumbar region. Often, pain begins in the groin area, while male patients are given to the testicles, in women - to the area of \u200b\u200bthe reproductive organ.

The duration of colic is different and it happens that in some cases it can be ten minutes or more, and sometimes it can last only half a minute, or even less. However, when it happens difficult situations These symptoms may persist throughout the day. It should be noted here that in the intervals between attacks, patients have other symptoms.

The nature of pain during the appearance of intestinal colic is also very diverse. Pain can be barely perceptible, or vice versa, pronounced. Often there are complaints of paroxysmal, cramping, cutting and stabbing symptoms.

Intestinal colic should also be considered. Symptoms in adults usually appear:

Bloating, flatulence. It often becomes hard. The patient feels discomfort on palpation.
Disorders of the stool, patients have both constipation and diarrhea. Often there is a violation in the formation of feces.
Mucous discharge during bowel movements, white ribbons are found in the feces.
Nausea and dizziness.

Colic can also appear after a big nervous strain or conflict. At the moment of probing the abdomen during an attack, the patient feels severe pain, although the muscles, as a rule, are not relaxed. Body temperature is kept normal.

When a patient has diseases such as acute gastritis, then the main symptoms this disease, it is possible to attach symptoms of a dyspeptic nature - vomiting and refusal to eat.

Clinical manifestations

Medical practice divides intestinal colic in adults, the symptoms associated with them, into some types of pathology:

Appendicular. Serves most of all initial sign at acute appendicitis. In this case, it is characterized by the appearance of a strong attack of pain that occurs unexpectedly; the patient feels sharp pain, which captures the right lower side of the abdomen. This happens as a result of the onset of inflammation in the process of the colon, the pain does not stop with time, but rather becomes stronger;

Rectal. Characterized acute attacks pain in the rectal area; they intensify over time; along with them, the patient suffers from painful urge to defecate;

Lead. This phenomenon is observed when the patient's body is exposed to lead poisoning, in most cases this is the result of harmful production. It is characterized by sharp, excruciating pains, which in turn strain the abdominal wall; periods of calm are rare; severe bleeding gums, they are covered with a white coating; the patient's temperature rises and may approach a critical point. In such a situation, immediate medical attention is required;

Vascular. main reason This type of intestinal colic should be called a weak blood supply to the tissues of the intestinal muscles as a result of various pathologies- Tumors, vein thrombosis, polyps and adhesions. Initially, pain may be weak, slightly aching; but then they begin to intensify; because of oxygen starvation attacks of sharp pain appear in the muscle tissue, which spreads throughout the abdominal cavity.

Despite the initial causes that contribute to the formation of excruciating spasms, the main symptoms in most cases are pains of a sudden cramping nature, localized in the abdominal region and only getting worse over time. They manifest themselves, as a rule, after eating, but with diseases of a gastroenterological property, their unexpected appearance is permissible, and on an empty stomach, regardless of the daily time.

Muscle spasms can be supplemented by the following symptoms:

if pain during seizures continues long time, then they begin to give to the lower back and to the coccyx, creating a feeling that the pain has spread throughout the abdominal cavity;

with prolonged spasm, an obstacle is created for the normal exit of gases and feces, as a result, flatulence is formed with severe bloating. The patient, against the background of diseases such as gastritis or stomach ulcers, has an eructation with nausea;

in some cases, blood pressure suddenly rises, this does not apply to cases where the patient suffers from intestinal obstruction, in this situation, on the contrary, the pressure drops;

the patient experiences a breakdown, his state of health is steadily deteriorating, this condition is typical for acute intestinal obstruction;

in the patient's stools (constipation, diarrhea), one can see not only mucus, but also an admixture of blood;

the patient's body temperature rises during spasmodic attacks, but only if provoked by poisoning or viral and intestinal infections.

In the event that the patient's condition from the moment the pain attacks begin to steadily worsen, it is necessary to immediately seek medical help, since only a doctor can determine the causes that caused such a condition. We must not forget that such serious conditions as intestinal obstruction, severe stage of dysentery and poisoning require immediate treatment. Otherwise, the risk of death increases.

Diagnosis of the disease

Since a wide range of predisposing factors can provoke the appearance of intestinal colic in adults, the diagnosis will be complex.

Before prescribing laboratory and instrumental examinations, the specialist needs to perform several manipulations:

study and analyze the patient's medical history and family history - to identify possible sources of such a symptom;

conduct a thorough survey for the presence, degree of intensity and the first occurrence of signs of a clinical picture;

physical examination, with obligatory palpation of the abdomen.

Only after that do they start laboratory research which include:

To instrumental diagnostic measures include:

Ultrasound - will make it possible to identify the disease that has become the source of the appearance of intestinal colic;

FEGDS - a study of the mucous organs of the gastrointestinal tract, which allows you to detect foci of inflammation, ulcers, erosion and neoplasms on the membrane;

colonoscopy - an endoscopic procedure for examining the surface of the large intestine;

sigmoidoscopy - a similar examination of the rectum;

x-ray with contrast agent - can detect internal factors the occurrence of a similar symptom, and also gives a complete image of the affected organ;

CT - helps to identify tumors, deformities and other neoplasms of the intestine. It is used only in cases where other diagnostic methods have not been able to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment

In cases of manifestation of intestinal colic in combination with other symptoms, it is necessary to deliver the patient to a medical facility as soon as possible. Do not take painkillers until the ambulance arrives. This is due to the fact that such events can distort the clinical picture, causing doctors to incorrectly assess the patient's condition.

Treatment of intestinal colic depends on the etiology of their appearance, which were identified during the diagnostic process. If such a sign was caused by a non-severe disorder requiring surgical intervention, such as appendicitis, then the basis of therapy will be the reception medicines. Often, patients are advised to take:

sedatives;
antispasmodics, in the frequency of No-shpu, which relieve symptoms;
medicines to normalize the stool;
drugs to reduce the secretion of digestive juices;
antacids that reduce the production of hydrochloric acid;
anti-inflammatory substances.

Special meals

Very often, in order to eliminate such unpleasant symptom requires a special diet. Before his appointment, the patient needs to completely refuse food for several days. This is therapeutic fasting during which you can drink warm tea and eat crackers. After that, follow the rules of the diet for intestinal colic. Diet therapy provides for the rejection of:

fatty, fried and spicy foods;
pickles and marinades;
smoked meats and canned food;
products with high content coarse fiber;
alcoholic and sweet carbonated drinks;
spicy spices and sauces;
sweet bakery products;
legumes and other products that contribute to increased gas formation.

Instead, the diet should consist of the following foods:

fruit;
boiled vegetables;
lean meats and fish, steamed or in the oven, but without added fat;
low-fat dairy and sour-milk products;
herbal teas;
porridge on water or with the addition of a small amount of milk;
steam omelets;
fresh juices.

It is worth noting that for some diseases, the diet may differ slightly from the above list.

Often, folk remedies are used in treatment, which can be used only after prior consultation with the attending physician. Often use recipes based on pumpkin seeds, tansy flowers, essential oil lavender, white wormwood, fresh juice cabbage, ginger, thyme, lemon balm and St. John's wort.

Alternative methods of treatment of intestinal colic

Recipes traditional medicine applied against the background of traditional treatment, can significantly increase the effectiveness of the impact. Consider how to get rid of colic using the most popular folk recipes:

Dill is great for colic. To prepare the medicine, a large spoonful of plant seeds is steamed in a glass of hot milk;

Use and herbal preparations. It is recommended to mix in a large spoon oak bark, calamus and angelica. Place the resulting mixture in a liter of boiling water, infuse the remedy for colic for 24 hours. The drink is taken before the main meals, each dose is two large spoons. This drink allows not only to get rid of colic, but also to relieve bloating;

Spastic phenomena are well removed by motherwort juice. After washing, crushing and squeezing the plant through several layers of gauze, the juice is taken as follows: a small spoonful of liquid is diluted in 200 ml of warm water;

To efficient folk remedies colic includes pumpkin seeds. Two small spoons of crushed seeds are placed in 300 ml of boiling water, two small spoons of granulated sugar are poured into a container, the infusion is taken for five days;

Help from the problem and inflorescences of tansy. A large spoonful of dried raw materials is poured into 250 ml of boiling water, insisted to cool, filtered, drink the product throughout the day. The duration of such therapy is three days;

The use of lavender oil is recommended, which not only relieves pain and spasms, but also calms the nerves. Five drops of the product are added to a small amount of water and the drink is drunk;

Helps get rid of colic ginger tea. The root of the plant is crushed, half a small spoonful of raw materials is added to a glass of boiling water and the remedy is infused. Drink up to three cups of hot ginger tea daily;

Juice should be squeezed from fresh cabbage and taken before the main meals, diluted with a small amount of water. You can increase the effectiveness of the product by adding carrot or beet juice to it;

In the case when, in addition to colic, there is diarrhea, prepare the following herbal infusion. An equal amount of alder cones, lemon balm leaves, nettle, thyme and St. John's wort is mixed, and Potentilla root is added to the mixture in the same amount. Then a large spoonful of the collection is placed in a cup of boiling water, infused and filtered. Take the remedy should be half a cup in the morning and evening before meals;

Oregano is taken to relieve intestinal irritation. It is necessary to place 30 grams of flowers in a cup of boiling water and hold for 10 minutes, then filter and drink after the main meals. A single serving is one cup of 200 ml.

Before use folk methods you must first consult with your doctor.

Preventive measures

The first thing to do with the manifestation of colic is to establish proper nutrition. Perhaps this will help, and you will not encounter such a problem again.

Try not to skip the main meals, especially breakfast, which launches the stomach.
Snacks should not consist of sandwiches. The best option there will be fruits and dairy products.
Once a week it is worth brewing flax seeds, they not only improve digestion, but also cleanse the body.
Do not abuse spicy and salty foods, try to eat more protein foods.
Refuse a late dinner by drinking a glass of kefir, fermented baked milk or natural yogurt.
Try to eat more green vegetables, but not cabbage, as it causes severe gas formation.
Avoid canned fish, meat products.
Drink more dairy products, try to eat less legumes and melons.
Give up or limit alcohol and cigarettes.
Pay attention to physical fitness and prevention of colds.

The cause of abdominal colic in adults is important to establish in order to choose the right treatment.

After all, many people experience sharp pains in the navel area, and this can happen anywhere: at work, in public transport or while shopping.

It is impossible to cope with sudden colic without taking any measures - they manifest themselves very painfully.

What is colic?

Among physicians, colic in the abdomen has a different name - intestinal dyskinesia. The disease is a failure in motor function organ of digestion and manifests itself as severe paroxysmal pain in the abdominal cavity.

These unbearable sensations on the left side of the abdomen are manifested due to a spasm of any part of the intestine - the small or large intestine. They are a sign of a violation of the gastrointestinal tract.

In case of a malfunction in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, the stomach hardens, delivering such discomfort that it is impossible to touch it.

It often swells due to increased gas formation. The pain felt at this time in the left side may be accompanied by diarrhea or, conversely, constipation. Mucus is often present in stools.

Colic rolls like waves, and the pain falls on the lower abdomen (especially in women) or on the area to the left of the navel. Sometimes she gives to the lumbar region.

These pains may pass in a few seconds, but they usually last from 10 minutes to half an hour. Between the first and subsequent attack of pain, diarrhea and bloating are disturbing.

Sudden intestinal colic in adults can be classified based on the cause of their occurrence:

visceral pain. Occur in the left side, if the motility of the digestive organs is impaired, that is, their muscle fibers have undergone stretching or spasm. In such colic, a cramping character is most often observed, but occasionally they are expressed as dull, It's a dull pain;
somatic pain. Their appearance in the left side indicates either a lesion of the stomach with a perforated ulcer, or peritonitis. Pain of this kind are continuous, localized in a certain place and intensified by any movement;
referred pain. They disturb in the abdomen to the left of the navel and speak of inflammation of the pleural sheets, pneumonia that has arisen due to damage to the lungs by a fungus or bacteria.

Intestinal colic in the left side of the abdomen must be distinguished from other diseases. They should not be confused with acute gastritis, which is accompanied by symptoms uncharacteristic of intestinal dyskinesia: furred tongue, bouts of nausea and vomiting, lack of appetite.

Intestinal dyskinesia should not be equated with intestinal obstruction.

The latter is characterized by symptoms such as vomiting, diffuse rather than clearly localized abdominal pain, and difficulty in defecation.

Abdominal crisis differs from intestinal colic in the left side of the abdomen. Because of it, adults also experience pain and diarrhea, but besides them, bruises appear on the skin, and there is blood in the stool.

Intestinal dyskinesia should also be distinguished from lead colic, which has special symptoms: edging of the gums with a lead-gray tint and staining of the face and body in a grayish color.

What causes colic?

Pain in adults, characteristic of colic in the abdomen, is so pronounced that a person can lose strength and faint.

So there is no point in trying to just endure them. In addition, severe abdominal pain in adults can lead to serious consequences.

If it is localized in the left side, then most likely it is a consequence of the development of a disease of the spleen, pancreas, descending part of the colon, left kidney or sigmoid colon.

Colic in the intestines and diarrhea appear in women and men who violate the diet and prefer to eat cold food, as well as foods high in fat, smoked and spicy dishes.

An intestinal infection (dysentery, typhoid fever, cholera) can lead to spasms of the digestive organ. Often, intestinal colic, diarrhea and bloating are symptoms of poisoning.

The culprit for the appearance of pain to the left of the navel may be a damaged spleen. Swelling, soreness and rupture of the hematopoietic organ can be caused by two reasons - a disease (infectious mononucleosis) or injury.

The defeat of the hematopoietic organ will be confirmed by the symptoms: traces of blood under the skin in the area near the navel, sharp pain and high sensitivity when probing the abdomen.

Sometimes diarrhea and pain in the left side of the abdomen is a sign of a stomach disease (for example, gastritis) or a temporary digestive upset that many women and men face.

Pain associated with dysfunction digestive system, differ in aching character.

Often they are accompanied by nausea and vomiting. In some cases, abdominal colic is disturbed due to an ulcer or cancer of the stomach.

Also, adults may experience pain to the left of the navel if they have a diaphragmatic hernia.

The disease occurs due to the weakening of the muscles that regulate the size of the gap between the esophagus and the stomach.

For this reason, the stomach is not in the abdominal cavity, but in the region chest separated by the diaphragm.

Pain, diarrhea and bloating are the consequences of penetration into wrong place gastric juice.

Often, pain to the left of the navel and diarrhea occur as a result of inflammation or pancreatic cancer. This organ is in upper section stomach.

If it is inflamed, it puts pressure on other digestive organs, thereby causing unbearable pain. This disease torments adults suffering endocrine disease or alcohol abusers.

In women, colic occurs against the background of cystitis and other diseases of the urinary system.

If no symptoms are disturbing, except for pain in the left side of the abdomen, then the disease may be associated with inflammation of the uterine appendages or the appearance of a cyst on the gonads.

The causes of paroxysmal pain can be much more dangerous if, along with it, women experience bleeding.

What can dull the pain?

What treatment will help relieve abdominal pain? Women experiencing colic in the lower abdomen due to gynecological disease or menstruation, "No-shpa" will relieve pain.

If the disease is caused by a malfunction of the digestive system, then it is better to take "Smecta" or "Platifillin". Also, the pain can be nullified if you drink two tablets of "Becarbon" or "Besalol".

But you should not even try to solve the problem by applying a heating pad, since it is possible that colic on the left side of the abdomen is caused by appendicitis.

But regardless of the cause of the pain, the patient should not eat for 12 hours. It is only allowed to drink tea with a piece of dried bread.

But the pain is unlikely to be overcome on its own. With this ailment, you should immediately go to the doctor.

Before assigning the right treatment, he will feel the stomach, find out where the pain comes from, and assess the tension in the abdominal cavity.

The specialist will pay attention to all the symptoms and ask you to take blood, urine and stool tests. To find out if colic appears on the left side of the abdomen due to digestive problems, the doctor will refer you to a coprogram.

An ultrasound examination of the kidneys, liver and gallbladder can be used to make an accurate diagnosis.

Often, in patients who complain of pain in the left side of the abdomen, the intestines are checked for damage using an endoscope.

The doctor determines what treatment should be after the patient undergoes colonoscopy and fluoroscopy, and sometimes computed tomography.

Treatment of colic in women and men if they were caused by blockage of the intestinal lumen, tumor or urolithiasis, involves the intervention of a surgeon.

But if diarrhea and abdominal pain are a consequence of an intestinal infection, then the doctor prescribes antibiotics (Levomycetin) and tablets for disinfecting the body (Furazolidone or Biseptol).

When the patient is in extreme serious condition, it is dug saline solution, blood plasma, vitamins and glucose.

To stop the pain, use an antispasmodic drug - Drotaverine, Becarbon or Notensil. Treatment is supplemented with injections of Papaverine, Atropine or Diphenhydramine.

The disease can be cured with an infusion of 2 tbsp. spoons of pumpkin seeds, 2 teaspoons of sugar, filled with 300 grams of water. Also, a good result will bring treatment of the abdomen with a decoction of chamomile flowers.

So, adults suffer from colic in the stomach different reasons. In women, this can be associated not only with problems in digestion, but also with diseases of the genital organs.

Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, no matter for what reasons, are accompanied by unpleasant sensations in the abdomen, which are called cramps. They can be manifested by a feeling of heaviness, turning into pain, and other extremely uncomfortable conditions.

If we consider spasms as a reaction of the body, this is a spontaneous contraction of the walls of the stomach. This organ has a well-developed muscular system for softening food in order to further transfer it to the next stage of processing in the intestine.

The stomach produces contractile movements on its own, and the person does not feel them. But when the organ is exposed to factors not related to digestion, the movements resume. Then the contractions bring a feeling of discomfort, because it is produced gastric juice and there is nothing to digest in the stomach.

Spasmodic pains that appear in the abdomen indicate the presence of serious problems in the body that can subsequently lead to surgical intervention.

There are many reasons why patients feel discomfort. These include:

pain on the right or in the navel area - this may indicate inflammation of the appendix;
stagnation of feces in the intestine is accompanied by pain in the left side;
acute lower back pain, possible cause -;
infringement of a hernia;
inflammation of adhesive scars, etc.

The above causes of abdominal pain require medical examination, do not self-medicate.

Particular attention should be paid to pregnant women. In recent months, cramps in the lower abdomen may indicate that the pregnancy may be terminated. Pain is accompanied by blood or liquid secretions required immediate hospitalization. But often spasms in expectant mothers appear as a result of diseases of the urinary system: pyelonephritis, cystitis, etc.

If there is discomfort in the abdomen, a medical examination is required before treatment.

Discomfort in adults may appear due to liver failure and dysfunction of the gallbladder, for example, with cholecystitis. Bile does not move or there is a violation of its outflow. As a result of ongoing inflammatory processes the muscles of the bile ducts begin to contract, as do the surrounding muscles.

Cholelithiasis can cause abdominal cramps, but then surgery is certainly required, the stones in gallbladder provoke pain.

Similar symptoms appear with dysfunction of the urinary system, or rather, are caused by urolithiasis. The stones begin to move urinary tract, first the lower abdomen hurts, then the pain is given to the back, to the intestines, to the inguinal region.

In infants, abdominal pain is caused by a digestive system that has not fully formed, dysbacteriosis, if the mother took antibiotics before childbirth.

An older child may have a stomach ache for reasons:

intestinal disorders;
nervous strain at school;
infection;
allergies to certain foods;
inflammatory processes in the urinary system.

Tonic spasms

Tonic pain is characterized by prolonged muscle tension. Such syndromes are accompanied by persistent hypertonicity of the muscular apparatus of the abdominal cavity, with the development of compacted painful muscle areas, called trigger points. The movement of the damaged muscle decreases, it begins to shorten and become denser. When you try to press on the compacted area, pain occurs that spreads to other parts of the human body: in the lower back, in the arm, leg.

The causes of tonic spasms are associated with injuries, with prolonged static muscle tension, and emotional stress.

The danger of tonic pain lies in the fact that with a constant pain syndrome, a person gets used to constant contractions and stops paying attention. But pain is protective function organism, warning of problems with normal work internal organs. Inattention to such spasms can lead to the development of complex diseases:

the damaged muscle is not provided with sufficient blood flow, which means that blood circulation is disturbed for nearby organs;
the body works in "idle", supplying the seal with an increased amount of oxygen and nutrients;
the presence of a damaged area and non-treatment leads to negative influence on the psyche, physiology and on the body system as a whole;
the muscle in which the violation occurred does not perform musculoskeletal functions.

Clonic spasms

This is a spontaneous muscle contraction, but occurring in periods (periods of tension and periods of muscle relaxation). The body begins to twitch involuntarily.

These spasms may be caused by kidney failure, dysfunction of the adrenal glands, uremia, intoxication.

The use of medications to help a patient with an attack of clonic muscle contractions is not recommended. The doctor prescribes medicines, taking into account the characteristics of the impact specific drugs on the body of an individual patient. It is permissible to provide first aid before the arrival of the doctors: lay it on a level place, put something soft under the head, try not to let the person injure himself.

Symptoms

Symptomatic phenomena accompanying spasms can be serious. It is worth paying special attention to the signs:

the duration of the muscle contraction period is more than 60 minutes;
loss of consciousness due to pain;
pale skin;
a person has not urinated for more than 10 hours;
vomit;
diarrhea;
the patient has difficulty breathing;
pregnant women have vaginal bleeding;
an increase in body temperature, a person has a fever;
there is blood in the feces and vomit.

If it hurts on the left side of a woman, the cause may be an ectopic pregnancy. In this case, an ambulance is called immediately.

Treatment of spasms

The use of drugs for spasms can lead to a response of the digestive system. Appointment drug treatment should be done by a doctor.

Medical treatment

Frequent involuntary muscle contractions can lead to more serious illnesses than just pain. Medications can be used to make the situation worse.

To relieve symptoms for a while, antispasmodics are used, which reduce the tone of cells in the muscular system of the body. They relieve pain by blocking nerve impulses to the muscles.

The pharmaceutical industry produces drugs in the form of tablets, injections, and suppositories.

Pills for spasms - papaverine. Indicated for pain syndromes in the abdominal region, heart, blood vessels. Can be taken by pregnant women. Does not affect the human central nervous system. Side effect: drowsiness, allergies, possibly constipation.

Spasmalgon is available in the form of injections. With intramuscular injection, muscle relaxation occurs faster.

Folk recipes

Pain in men and women arise from dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract, bad habits, alcohol abuse. Women experience discomfort during menstruation in the lower abdomen.

Traditional medicine in this case can help without harming other internal organs. Spasmodic plants are able to relieve the symptom one by one and relieve the pain.

medicinal chamomile

Infusion of this natural remedy can be taken continuously. Brew one tablespoon of herbs, let it brew and take two tablespoons every 2 hours during the day. If the pain is often disturbing, then a course is taken within a week.

The patient's menu should include more herbal products. If the pain is associated with the intestines, then it is better to boil, stew or bake vegetables. Also include onions, honey and carrots in your diet. Motherwort, oregano, mint, valerian, lemon balm can also be called as relieving symptoms.

Emergency relief of spasms

The main thing that should not be done in case of a sharp deterioration in the condition is to panic. After all nervous tension will only make the situation worse. It is necessary to immediately consult a doctor, since only a professional can correctly identify the problem and prescribe an effective treatment.

If the attack is of a prolonged nature, it is necessary to take strong spasmodic drugs or drink a decoction of mint, chamomile, valerian or calamus root. It is allowed to take medications only after consulting a doctor!

The pathological phenomenon - colic in the abdomen in adults - is not a separate disease in the field of gastroenterology, but only its manifestation. At least once in a lifetime, every person has experienced painful discomfort inside the abdomen.

The range of root causes is quite wide, and even an experienced specialist will not be able to make a diagnosis "by eye" - several types of diagnostics will be needed.

The symptom itself should not be ignored by the doctor, especially if the person's condition gradually worsens, or new symptoms are added as it develops. It is advisable to seek medical attention immediately.

Colic in adults is painful specific sensations inside the abdominal cavity, which are accompanied by diarrhea, noisy intestinal motility, nausea, sometimes flowing into vomiting.

The localization of this symptom can be different, and the pain itself can migrate, which sometimes complicates the diagnosis of the disease. The patient feels that near the navel, in the right or left hypochondrium, near the iliac region, the muscle tissue of the internal organs is contracting, then it tingles, weakens after a change in body position and intensifies again, sometimes with even greater force.

Also, with intestinal spasm, gases do not leave, which official medicine defines it as "flatulence". This contributes to the swelling of the anterior abdominal wall and has nothing to do with overeating. An attempt to touch the abdomen or lightly press on it causes pain to the patient.
Certain actions can reduce this sensation (warm heating pad, increased activity, drinking warm milk), but they are useful only when the diagnosis has nothing to do with " sharp belly". In medicine, this term encompasses everything emergency conditions requiring immediate surgical intervention. Otherwise, the application of heat can be fatal.
Also, colic, which is accompanied by difficulties with the passage of intestinal gases, can provoke diarrhea after the tension of the abdominal wall is relieved by antispasmodics. This indicates the presence of problems with the function of the small and large intestines. It is important for the patient to take into account all the symptoms that develop against or after problems in the intestinal tract, and report them to the doctor during the examination.

The reasons

In patients with chronic problems digestive tract there are no questions why colic occurs and what are the symptoms of this pathological phenomenon. Such people know not only the manifestations of the onset of an exacerbation of the condition, but also, as a rule, what actions to take in this case in order to help themselves by reducing pain in the right or left hypochondrium, stomach. If the condition arose acutely, for the first time, there may be several reasons for this.

The use of low-quality (expired) food. Consequences of haste, inattention when buying, preference for a chaotic diet. First Manifestation food poisoning – bad taste in the mouth, discomfort in the stomach, sensation of a lump rolling up to the throat. Within 2-3 hours there will be loud sounds inside the abdomen, colic in any of the projections of the peritoneum, dizziness, weakness, fever, weakness.
Non-compliance with the diet. When a person ignores the nutrition system, does not follow it, refuses breakfast, but overeats before bedtime, gastric and intestinal problems can't be avoided.
Long-term use of drugs. It is not in vain that the accompanying sheet for each package with the drug contains information that clearly prescribes the features of the application. medication. This point is thought out by the manufacturer and the Health Association in order to protect patients from possible side effects. Since colic in the abdomen in adults occurs due to such a reason as incorrect medication - on an empty stomach, while this should occur after eating.
The simultaneous use of hot and cold dishes has a negative effect on the mucous membrane of the digestive canal. From such a rash act, the protective function of the epithelium of the stomach and intestines suffers. As a result, these organs are subjected to dystrophic changes. In such a state, there can no longer be any talk of full-fledged functioning.
Inflammatory processes of the digestive organs. Depending on the lesion of a particular organ, the patient experiences right side pain, colic can be in the left hypochondrium and umbilical region. If the disease was ignored in an acute form, then acquiring a chronic course, it will often worsen. Signs of an exacerbation are nausea, a bitter or putrid taste in the mouth, weakness, diarrhea, and often repeated vomiting.

Attention! The volume of vomit is an important indicator. If attacks occur frequently, the patient loses a lot of fluid from the body. The approximate amount and frequency of vomiting should be reported to the doctor at the time of the examination.

Emergency conditions in which there are colic in adults

Except when you can get by traditional treatment, there are urgent clinical cases: the beginning of their development is also manifested by discomfort and some soreness inside the intestines. Colic in emergency situations has the only distinguishing feature- they are always accompanied by pain and fever. The triad of symptoms requires immediate medical attention, often its scope is surgery. Delay can be deplorable even for a few minutes.
These states include:

Intestinal obstruction. Under the weight of the feces present inside the intestines, the loops of the tract sag, causing extreme inconvenience to the patient. The condition is due to the presence of adhesions or tumors inside the digestive canal: they are the ones that prevent the full passage of food through the departments. The patient has pain not only in the left hypochondrium, but also around the entire circumference of the abdomen. Treatment is often surgical.
Appendicitis. Spasms are cramping, similar to the description of the previous pathology, but it never hurts in the left hypochondrium - only on the right. Also, the patient is pale, restless, experiencing severe pain when trying to touch the abdomen. Surgical treatment.
Peritonitis. Inflammation of the abdominal cavity. One of the most difficult, dangerous conditions for a person. It occurs due to the ingress of a pathological mass into the free cavity of the peritoneum. Often this happens after the opening of the internal abscess, rupture of the organ, and then the spread of its contents throughout the body, due to suppuration of the sutures placed on internal organs. It will indicate the onset of inflammation - pain, which is accompanied not only by colic, noisy motility, but also by bloating, weakness, loss of consciousness. But, first of all, a reason to think - fever body, which does not decrease even after taking antipyretics. Treatment - only surgery, followed by drainage of the peritoneum.

Each of these conditions involves immediate hospitalization, active infusion, as well as antibiotic therapy. Additionally, the patient's condition is monitored.

Treatment

Regardless of the cause of colic in adults, only a doctor should establish the full scope of symptoms and prescribe treatment.

Attention! If the cause of the deterioration is unknown, it is better not to take analgesics until the examination of a specialist, it is contraindicated to apply heat or take hot bath. These actions can aggravate the process if there is bleeding or suppuration inside the peritoneum.

Before the arrival of doctors, it is permissible to drink an antispasmodic, but only if the patient is sure that he is not allergic to this drug. It will not be superfluous to take activated charcoal.
After hospitalization, laboratory and instrumental examination, find out what specific disease is manifested in the patient by nausea, indigestion, left and right pains. Treatment involves the elimination of the underlying pathology. Carry out anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and vitamin therapy. A sparing diet and regular visits to the gastroenterologist (if the disease is chronic) are also prescribed.

Colic in the intestines in adults different etiology and may be a symptom dangerous pathology. The sharp severe pains that characterize this phenomenon cause enough difficult problems, knocking out of the usual rhythm of life and reducing the ability to work. Treatment of pathology is necessary to avoid serious complications, but self-medication without finding out the true causes can be dangerous. When colic is clearly manifested in adults, symptoms, treatment should be analyzed and established by a specialist.

1 Essence of pathology

At its core, intestinal colic is an attack of pain in the intestines, which usually ends with a sharp painful urge to empty it. Pain sensations are most often similar to muscle cramps with excessive activation of the intestine.

Intestinal colic, the symptoms of which are usually pronounced, should not be regarded as independent disease. This pathology is considered as a symptom of some diseases of the gastrointestinal system. Colic in the abdomen is the result of a spasm of the colon or small intestine which causes cramping pain. This phenomenon has a polyetiological mechanism, therefore, the symptoms and treatment of such pathologies in the abdomen in adults should be considered by an experienced specialist with full-fledged research.

2 Etiology of the disease

intestinal colic varying degrees intensity and duration can be caused by several reasons, both internal and external character. Among them are the following:

Diseases of the digestive system: gastritis, ulcers, disorders in the liver, gallbladder, pancreas. They lead to digestive dysfunction, as a result of which poorly digested food causes spasms in the small intestine.
product use, causing fermentation, bloating, flatulence and intestinal pain: kvass, sauerkraut, yeast-containing products and products from yeast dough, soaked apples.
Violation of the regimen and diet: irregular meals, eating large portions of food, eating without drinking, fast food dishes, frequent consumption of smoked, fatty, spicy and fried foods. In this case, a regular diet will help.
Food poisoning, poisonous mushrooms and berries, drugs.
Intestinal infections (salmonella, dysentery bacillus, etc.) that provoke food toxicosis.
Psychological stress and prolonged nervous overload in people with increased excitability and psychological sensitivity (important exam, date, interview, etc.). Wherein pain syndrome often accompanied by diarrhea.
Poisoning with compounds based on heavy metals (often in people working in hazardous industries or living in the area of such industries). Of particular danger is lead and its salts (specific lead intestinal colic).
Helminths (worms) on the walls of the intestines.
Respiratory viral infection, inflammatory abdominal lymph nodes. Spasmodic pain in the intestine occurs as a result of processes in the mesentery of the small intestine. In this case, the symptoms of an intestinal nature are combined with respiratory signs and symptoms of general intoxication of the body.
Intestinal obstruction (manifested as a violation of motor function, stretching of the intestinal loop, accumulation of feces, the appearance of adhesions, tumors).

3 Symptoms

When intestinal colic occurs in adults, the symptoms appear unexpectedly and develop quickly with the manifestation of a sharp pain syndrome, often radiating to the lumbar region. Seizures are provoked physical activity or fast running, but most often observed after a heavy meal. The pain in the abdomen has a cutting character and gradually progresses.

At the peak of the manifestation of intestinal spasm, the pain syndrome reaches such strength that the patient can moan or scream. There is increased arousal. With a prolonged attack, pain radiates to the inguinal zone and even the genitals. Intestinal colic may subside and then increase again.

The ongoing processes have an irritating effect on the nerve fibers of the peritoneum, causing a violation of the removal of gases and feces. As a result of such exposure, symptoms such as flatulence, nausea, and headache appear. A person with hypertension may have high blood pressure. The attack exhausts and weakens the patient. When intestinal colic ends with diarrhea, relief comes: the pain syndrome subsides sharply. At the same time, a slight aching pain can persist for a long time.

In the case when abdominal colic is accompanied by acute gastritis, the symptoms are characterized by such signs as nausea, vomiting, bloating, and belching. With stomach cramps, diarrhea occurs with mucous secretions. Intestinal obstruction causes severe vomiting. There is a significant decrease blood pressure leading to weakness, pallor, cold sweat, even prostration. These symptoms require urgent hospitalization.

Most often, intestinal colic is not accompanied by fever. However, if the mechanism of their appearance is based on infectious lesion, the general intoxication of the body manifests itself clearly, including in the form of an increase in temperature above 38 ºС. In general, the symptoms in this case are much like those of a cold.

4 Diagnostics

How to treat pathology, the doctor determines after the entire complex of diagnostic procedures. The initial diagnosis is made by analyzing complaints, anamnesis, conducting external examinations and palpation. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of feces. Held the following studies: determination of enzymatic activity (coprogram); detection of helminthic invasions; inoculation of stool intestinal infections; analysis for the presence of dysbacteriosis. The final diagnosis can be made by the following examinations: gastroduodenoscopy, cholecystography, colonoscopy, ultrasound of the abdominal cavity.

5 Basic treatments

Given the numerous options for the occurrence and development of intestinal colic, only a doctor can prescribe a treatment regimen for the disease after making an accurate diagnosis. It is important to correctly define real reasons pathology. At the same time, when an attack occurs, action must be taken. First of all, therapeutic fasting is provided for a period of at least 12-15 hours after the attack. First medical care usually consists in the appointment of antispasmodics. At the same time, they are advised to be taken orally, but if vomiting is present, it is recommended to administer by injection or in the form rectal suppositories. The following schemes of primary therapy are most common: Drotaverine or No-shpa and mint tea; single use of Becarbon, Besalol, Bellalgin or belladonna extract; Papaverine together with Platifillin; Activated carbon(0.5 g per 10 kg of human weight); enema with a solution of infusion of mint with pharmacy chamomile.

Diet at intestinal diseases is an essential element of treatment. With colic, it is necessary to exclude fatty and fried foods, spicy, pickles, marinades, smoked meats from the diet. You should not enter into the menu products such as seasonings, preservatives, rich products, sweets, yeast products, drinks with gas. A diet for intestinal colic, for pain in the intestines, means cereals, vegetable dishes, low-fat cheeses, and fish. A beneficial effect is the use of carrot or spinach juice, fruits and vegetables in the morning on an empty stomach.

It should be ensured that the diet is sufficient and balanced. It is worth giving preference to products with high content fiber and vitamins (raw and boiled vegetables, especially pureed carrots; apples, pumpkin). The consumption of dairy products has a positive effect on the body and medicinal tea. The diet provides for the exclusion of products that cause gas formation: cabbage, corn, turnips, legumes.

Drug therapy is prescribed by a doctor after establishing the causes of colic. For bowel obstruction various types the following treatments are used:

Antibiotics a wide range exposure to the infectious mechanism of obstruction.
Pararenal blockade and antispasmodic drugs in case of obstruction of a spastic nature.
Pararenal blockade and ganglion blockers for paralytic obstruction.

If a significant mechanical obstruction is found, surgical intervention is necessary.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Intestinal colic (intestinal spasms)

For the treatment of colic of different etiology and pathogenesis, various drugs are used at the discretion of the doctor. The following medicines are most widely used:

Activated charcoal (sorbent to eliminate toxins and fermentation products, used for poisoning, violation digestive functions, high outgassing).
Sorbeks (analogous to coal, useful for alcohol poisoning and malnutrition);
Atoxil (fourth generation sorbent, eliminates toxins, allergens, pathogenic microorganisms, is prescribed for acute intestinal disorders, infections, intoxication);
Spazmalgon ( universal remedy with antispasmodic and analgesic effect);
Spazmomen (blocker of M-cholinergic receptors, reduces muscle tension, normalizes motor functions, relieves spasms);
No-shpa (the most common antispasmodic);
Buscopan (designed to eliminate spasms, normalizes secretory functions glands, useful in intestinal and renal colic).

Intestinal colic can be caused by numerous causes, the nature of which can only be determined by a specialist. Severe pain syndrome with intestinal colic must be treated, but the doctor should prescribe therapy. Self-medication is dangerous, as it can lead to serious complications.