Blood ast 54 alt is normal. Alt and ast data in blood test. Causes of increased ALT in the blood

AST blood test – biochemical research blood, as a result of which the amount of intracellular enzyme aspartate aminotransferase is determined.

This analysis method is used to diagnose diseases of the myocardium, liver and muscle disorders, and is usually prescribed simultaneously with ALT blood tests, as well as a bilirubin test.

This analysis allows you to identify the amount of cellular enzyme AST in the tissues of the liver, kidneys, heart, skeletal muscles, nervous system and other organs. If, during a blood test, the AST transcript shows a high amount of aspartate aminotransferase in the tissues of the body, this allows us to draw conclusions about the presence of disorders in a particular organ.

Norm

Normal AST content in the blood depends on the patient's gender:

in women the figure is within 31 U/l;
for men normal indicator– up to 41 U/l;
in newborns, the norm is considered to be from 25 to 75 U/l;
in children aged from one year to eighteen years – 15 to 60 U/l.

As you can see, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase in a woman’s body is slightly lower than in a man’s body, and in children it is higher than in adults.

Indications for testing

An AST blood test is necessary to accurately determine the intracellular enzyme aspartate aminotransferase, which is detected as a result of biochemical analysis.

It is prescribed in the following cases:

All liver pathologies.
All types of jaundice and bilirubin metabolism disorders.
Autoimmune diseases.
Endocrine diseases.
Infections.
Intoxication.
Malignant tumors.
Allergic skin diseases.
Long-term treatment with antibiotics, chemotherapy and various toxic drugs.
Diseases of the circulatory system.
Chronic and acute diseases hearts.
Kidney failure.
Injuries to the abdomen and chest.
Preparation for a complex surgical operation.
Purulent-septic pathologies.
Encephalopathy of unknown etiology.
Bile outflow disorders, cholelithiasis.
Chronic pancreatitis.
Evaluation of treatment of liver and cardiac pathologies

It is important to note that 7-15 days before donating blood for AST, you must completely avoid taking medications. However, if this cannot be done, the doctor should be informed of the amount of drugs and their daily dosage before drawing blood.

Causes of elevated AST

Why is the AST reading elevated and what does it mean? In adults, AST levels increase in diseases accompanied by the breakdown of tissues rich in these enzymes. An excess of AST by 2–5 times is considered moderate, 6–10 times is considered average, more high performance- significant increase.

More often AST above normal is diagnosed when:

or ;
alcohol intoxication;
development of obstructive jaundice;
destruction of liver cells;
dermatomyositis;
mesenteric infarction;
progressive muscular dystrophy;
fatty liver;
local radiation damage;
acute;
necrosis of cardiomyocytes (heart muscle cells);
necrosis or injury of skeletal muscle cells;
poisoning with chloroform, toadstool, carbon tetrachloride;
therapy with hepatotoxic drugs and drugs that cause cholestasis.

Determination of AST levels is often carried out in combination with ALT. The presence of data on the level of these two enzymes allows us to assume the localization of the pathological process, its severity and make a prognosis. There is the so-called Ritis coefficient - the AST/ALT ratio. Normally, this indicator is 1.33. In case of heart disease it increases, and in case of liver pathology it decreases (with the exception of alcohol damage).

What to do

It is necessary to clearly understand that an increase in AST is not the cause of the disease. This is its consequence. Therefore, only the elimination of the causative disease can interrupt the cause-and-effect relationship, which will be reflected in the normalization of AST activity and will become a criterion for victory over this disease.

Any cases of increased aspartate aminotransferase are a reason to seek specialized advice. medical care. This harmless and asymptomatic sign often hides severe chronic diseases, which will manifest themselves only after some time.

Since this sign signals the destruction of cells containing this enzyme (heart, liver, muscles), it is necessary to diagnose and treat diseases of these organs.

Various blood indicators play important role in the diagnosis of diseases. Even based on the results, one can judge the functional state of many human organs. To assess liver health, the concentration of alanine aminotransferase in the blood is assessed. The ALT indicator, the norm of which is different in women and men, is a reliable diagnostic criterion.

An important function of the liver is to cleanse the blood of toxins. This function complements the immune system and protects the body's cells from chemical damage. The fact is that food substrates, after digestion processes, are absorbed into the blood and lymph for transport to all cells of the body.

At the very beginning of their journey, food components pass through the liver, where they are detected and neutralized harmful substances. This is why liver cells synthesize a large number of various enzymes.

The functions of the liver are not limited to detoxification. The organ's cells also produce enzymes necessary for cellular metabolism. Alanine aminotransferase is one such enzyme. This substance is usually stored inside liver cells and is released into the blood in small quantities. Various pathological processes, leading to damage to organ cells, can provoke an increase in concentration in the blood.

Measuring the concentration of ALT in the blood allows doctors to assess the condition of liver cells and diagnose various pathologies.

This indicator is also important for diagnosing myocardial infarction and, since a small amount of ALT is found in the cells of these organs.

An ALT test is often ordered in conjunction with other tests, including tests for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and. The ratio of these indicators allows us to clarify the diagnosis.

Why is this test prescribed?

A blood test for ALT is usually prescribed to determine the condition of the liver and diagnose kidney and heart diseases.

The following symptoms may be a reason to prescribe such an analysis:

. The symptom is characterized by yellowing of the skin, eyes and some mucous membranes.
Darkening of urine.
Nausea and vomiting.
Pain in the right upper abdomen.

When the liver is damaged, the concentration of alanine aminotransferase in the blood usually increases. A blood test for ALT can show the concentration of the enzyme in the bloodstream, but will not indicate the nature and severity of liver cell damage. The analysis also does not indicate the cause of liver pathology, therefore, after assessing this parameter, other tests and diagnostic methods are prescribed.

Doctors rarely evaluate alanine aminotransferase concentrations without testing other enzymes, such as AST and bilirubin.

Comprehensive diagnostics and assessment of enzyme ratios make it possible to make a preliminary diagnosis.

ALT analysis is also important in the following cases:

Monitoring the condition of the liver against the background of progressive diseases, such as renal failure.
Assessing the need to prescribe a specific treatment regimen.

Thus, the concentration of ALT in the blood is an important nonspecific indicator in diagnosis.

Preparation, procedure and risks

An ALT blood test is no different from any other blood draw. Blood for research is obtained from the ulnar vein. Before the procedure, you must avoid physical activity and alcohol consumption.

Before the procedure, you should tell your doctor the following:

Taking medications, including herbs and dietary supplements.
Features of the diet.
Identified allergic reactions.
Pregnancy.
Diagnosed chronic diseases of the blood, liver and digestive organs.
Cases of poisoning.

Taking medications affects the condition of the liver, so the result may be distorted. If necessary, the doctor may ask the patient not to take a particular medication several days before the procedure.To measure the concentration of alanine aminotransferase, a small volume of blood is sufficient.

More information about blood tests for ALT and AST can be found in the video:

Stages of blood collection:

The healthcare worker uses an antiseptic to disinfect the puncture site.
An elastic tourniquet is used to increase pressure in the veins of the forearm.
The ulnar vein is punctured and the required amount of blood is subsequently collected.
After enough blood has been drawn, the healthcare professional removes the tourniquet and removes the needle from the vein. Immediately after this, the puncture area is once again treated with an antiseptic and pressed with a cotton swab. To fix the tampon, apply a bandage in the elbow area.
The blood sample is sent to a laboratory for analysis.

Taking blood from a vein is a typical diagnostic procedure, for which there is noserious complications are typical. However, the following unpleasant phenomena are possible:

Unsuccessful puncture due to insufficiently voluminous veins. It is also possible to use other veins of the upper extremities.
The appearance of a hematoma. This complication is usually associated with a through puncture of the vein or with insufficient compression of the puncture area after the procedure. It is not recommended to bend your arm at the elbow after the procedure, since this method of pressing increases the likelihood of bruising.
Prolonged bleeding in people with blood clotting disorders. Additionally, taking aspirin, warfarin, and other anticoagulants may also increase bleeding. Pathologies or use of anticoagulants should be reported medical worker before the procedure.
Infection of the puncture area.

The results of the analysis are sent to the attending physician within 7-10 days after the procedure.

Analysis transcript

A normal ALT value is only an approximate range and may vary from laboratory to laboratory. This or that value only clarifies other clinical data, including the value of other liver enzymes and symptoms of diseases. Thus, minor deviations do not always indicate a problem.

The normal ALT value also depends on the patient's gender and health status. For men, up to 45 ALT units per liter of blood is considered normal. The norm for women is up to 31 units per liter of blood.

Pregnancy does not affect the range of permissible ALT values, the norm in women is already underestimated. An increase in alanine aminotransferase concentration during this period indicates the same pathologies as in other categories of patients.

An increase in ALT concentration in the blood primarily indicates liver damage.

Typically this result indicates the following conditions:

. The disease is characterized by inflammatory damage to liver cells.
. Wherein serious illness Liver cells are destroyed and scarring occurs.
Necrosis of liver tissue.
Tumor process in the liver.
Impaired blood flow in the liver (ischemia).
Hemochromatosis. This disorder is characterized by excessive accumulation of iron in liver cells.
Mononucleosis – infection resulting from invasion.
. Inflammation can also affect liver health.
Poisoning from lead or other toxin.
Exposure to carbon tetrachloride.
Taking medications, including statins, antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, aspirin, narcotics, and barbiturates.

The normal value of the enzyme is quite variable, so other tests are also used to clarify the condition.

Detection of very low concentrations of alanine aminotransferase in the blood may indicate severe liver damage or vitamin B6 deficiency in the body.Thus, measuring the concentration of alanine aminotransferase in the blood is an important screening method to assess functional state cells.

Prescribing treatment for a particular disease is preceded by its diagnosis. In some cases, carry out full examination You don’t need a patient, you just need to pass a series of tests. The list of such often includes a biochemical blood test. AST and ALT indicators in blood biochemistry are key in assessing the patient’s condition.

What are AST and ALT in a blood test?

AST - aspartate aminotransferase is an enzyme that ensures the exchange of a special amino acid (aspartate) between biological molecules. The AST enzyme is most active in the human heart, kidneys, liver and muscles.

ALT and AST levels can be determined using a biochemical blood test.

ALT - alanine aminotransferase is an enzyme that helps move the amino acid alanine from one molecule to another. The enzyme is most active, in addition to the above organs, in the human pancreas. ALT and AST in a blood test

Thus, AST and ALT are active participants amino acid metabolism in the body. Enzymes “live” exclusively in organ tissues; they appear in the blood due to cell destruction during the development of a disease or injury.

The content of these enzymes in the patient’s blood can be determined using biochemical analysis.

What are the normative indicators?

The measure of the concentration of enzymes in the patient's blood is a conventional unit. Calculation of their exact number using mathematical methods is impossible even with the condition of working on advanced equipment. The verdict is made based on the level of enzyme activity.

Standard indicator of AST and ALT in certain groups population is individual

Features during pregnancy and breastfeeding

In the first two trimesters, the levels of AST and ALT may decrease slightly - by 5–10%. This is due to increased liver function. In the third, the indicators should be as close as possible to the norm. In the case of AST, there may be a slight increase in it after childbirth, which is caused by active muscle work during labor.

Factors affecting the reliability of the results

There is a group of factors that can affect the reliability of biochemistry results, as a result of which ALT or AST levels are outside the normal range. Among them:

intense sports activities;
taking medications (sedatives, antibiotics, contraceptives, etc.);
passion for fatty or fried foods;
excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages;
suffered stress;
injuries.

Before performing the analysis, the above factors should be excluded.

Symptoms and causes of deviations from the norm

Minor deviations from established standards ALT and AST practically do not manifest themselves at all and indicate malfunctions in the functioning of the liver.

Among the most common causes of increased enzyme concentrations:

fatty hepatosis;
reaction to taking medications;
serious injury;
development of pancreatitis, mononucleosis;
extensive liver damage (as a result of addiction to alcohol, drugs);
metastases in the liver.

On early stages When the patient's indicators increase, general lethargy and fatigue are observed. Appetite disappears - body weight decreases. Appear itchy skin, insomnia, nervous disorder.

Increased concentrations of ALT and AST enzymes may indicate extensive liver damage

Late symptoms are characterized by:

swelling of the limbs;

yellowness skin and eye whites;

changes in the color of urine and feces;

development of ascites and increasing signs of intoxication of the body.

Consequences of elevated AST and ALT levels

Even minimally increased enzyme activity indicates the occurrence of a certain disease. If you do nothing and aggravate the circumstances (drink alcohol, eat poorly, etc.), you can provoke the development of:

All of the above pathologies are quite serious. However, they can be successfully treated if the diseases are detected early.

Normalization of condition

Drug therapy

In case of increased enzyme activity in human blood, specialists resort to prescribing herbal medicines. The drugs have anti-inflammatory and choleretic effects.

At increased rates Experts often prescribe milk thistle for ALT and AST in blood tests

Among traditional medicines:

Milk thistle, available in the form of tablets, capsules or oil.

The drug Heptral, which has a similar effect.

It is important to know! The dosage and duration of therapy with any medications are determined by the doctor.

Diet and exercise

Another direction of patient treatment is organization proper nutrition and cleansing the body. The patient's diet should include as many fruits and vegetables as possible. Coffee should be replaced with herbal or green tea. Additionally, you need to consume vitamin C. You should eat food often and in small portions.

Management helps to normalize the condition healthy image life, in particular proper nutrition and regular exercise

The following are considered taboos:

fatty foods;

fried;

too salty;

smoked and pickled products;

fast food;

alcohol;

sweet carbonated drinks.

Regular exercise and contrast showers will have a good effect on the patient’s body.

Folk remedies

As alternative methods Traditional methods of treatment can be used:

Burdock root decoction. Ground root in the amount of 2 tbsp. l. pour a glass of boiling water and leave in a water bath for 15 minutes. Remove the broth, cover and leave for 2 hours. Strain and take 2 tbsp three times a day. l.
Decoction of calendula flowers. Pour boiling water (400 ml) over dried flowers (2 tbsp) and leave for 2 hours. Strain the broth and take 100 ml three times a day with meals.

It is important to know! Before use folk recipes treatment, you should consult your doctor.

Liver treatment: enzyme test - video

Prevention of elevated AST and ALT levels

You can prevent an increase in AST and ALT levels by following these recommendations:

enrich your daily diet with vitamin D, which is found in milk, eggs, apples, sea fish, caviar, buckwheat, oatmeal;
exclude fried foods from your menu, too salty food. This will help relieve the liver;
give up bad habits: drinking alcohol, smoking;
avoid exposure to toxins that quickly penetrate the human body and have a detrimental effect on the liver;
do not self-medicate. Excessive use of antibiotics can result in liver dysfunction.

Products containing vitamin D - gallery

More about diabetes:

The norm of ALT and AST in the blood is higher in men than in women.
Men do more physical labor.

These enzymes are involved in the metabolism of amino acids and increase with the active destruction of proteins.

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The site provides background information. Adequate diagnosis and treatment of the disease is possible under the supervision of a conscientious doctor. Any medications have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required, as well as detailed study of the instructions! .

ALT and AST norms in adults

If the level of ALT and AST increases, then this is a sign that some organ in the body of the person being diagnosed is sick.

Each organ has its own level of these proteins, so when there is more of one enzyme, it is possible to determine which organ is affected.

The level of AST and ALT is determined using biochemical analysis. In order for the results to be true, you should take the test on an empty stomach, early in the morning, and you should not eat for less than eight hours before taking the test.

The norms of ALT and ASD in women and men have different indicators:

In women, the maximum value should be no higher than 31 U/L;
In men, the maximum value should not be higher: ALT - 45 U/L, AST - 47 U/L.

Each laboratory equipment gives its own indicators, so diagnostics should be carried out by a specialist who is aware of these nuances.

For what diseases is the study prescribed?

There are cases when analysis of ALT and ASD is necessary, such cases include:

Viral hepatitis, mononucleosis, liver oncology and cirrhosis;
Pancreatitis and other diseases of the pancreas;
Heart diseases: ischemia, pericarditis, myocarditis, myocardial infarction;
With inflammation muscle mass bodies: myopathy, myositis;
Diseases thyroid gland: hypothyroidism;
Pulmonary infarction;
Hemolytic anemia;
If you have received injuries or burns;
If the patient is or has been in shock;
Hypoxia.

The test results may be affected by several factors that only a doctor can analyze.

These factors include:

Excessive weight;
Pregnancy;
Gender;
Age parameters;
Chronic diseases;
Some medications the patient is taking.

Thanks to such tests, you can quickly diagnose how severe the disease is.

Why does ALT increase in men?

Men more often violate all the rules of proper nutrition and experience stress and nervous strain much more actively, which they try to overcome with the help of bad habits. This will cause liver diseases and will naturally increase ALT levels.

Elevated ALT in the blood of men is detected when:

Taking certain medications;
Abuse of fast food, which is sold in any eatery;
Muscle injuries;
Alcohol abuse;
Violation of blood sampling rules;
Stress and nervous overload;
Physical activity associated with sports or hard work;
Testing after any surgical intervention;
A large accumulation of fat cells in the liver area or simple obesity;
Malignant tumors;
Chemotherapy or radiation therapy;
Lead poisoning;
Taking drugs;
Psychological shock.

Table ALT norm by age:

Video

What can elevated indicators indicate?

A high level of ALT may indicate that something is happening in a man’s body. inflammatory process which occurs due to certain diseases:

Hepatitis. This is an inflammation of the liver, which often has several forms. When hepatitis is viral or chronic form, then ALT has slightly higher values.
For hepatitis A, this test is effective in detecting infection on early stages, before external signs appear.
Pancreatitis. You can find out about this disease in the body using the ALT level. If there is such a diagnosis, the analysis is carried out throughout life and can tell about exacerbations of pancreatitis.
Cirrhosis. It is difficult to make this diagnosis in the early stages; the disease has common symptoms in the form of simple fatigue. With the help of analysis, you can catch the disease in its not advanced form. Cirrhosis can cause protein to increase 5 times.
Myocardial infarction. The disease occurs due to impaired blood flow, which leads to the death of heart muscle tissue. The ALT level helps detect an attack, although the increase is often small.

Reasons for increasing AST values

If observed high level AST, then there is no doubt that the patient has one of several liver or heart diseases:

Myocardial infarction. If a heart attack occurs, the enzyme is activated in the blood within six or eight hours. Levels may normalize within a week.
Hepatitis B acute form. In liver diseases, AST has a slight increase, but it is there, so it will be possible to raise suspicions about the diagnosis.

Most common reason increased AST in men - hepatitis and myocardial infarction.

If the liver gives reason to doubt its health, an analysis for the content of this enzyme helps determine how severe the damage to the organ is;
To monitor how well the liver treatment is progressing;
For heart diseases;
For burns and diseases of the skeletal muscles;
If the patient is being treated with medications that can cause complications on the liver: antibiotics, anabolic steroids, statins, paracetamol, antifungals, ibuprofen;
If the patient is taking medications that can disrupt the functioning of the heart: medications prescribed for HIV, anticancer medications, antidepressants;
If the patient constantly uses alcoholic drinks or drugs.

Interesting facts about AST:

The enzyme in the liver has increased activity 5000 times more than in blood;
Half-life occurs in approximately one day; you should not check it too often, especially daily;
AST of six subtypes and 2 isoforms are observed in the serum;
The extent to which the enzyme is elevated shows how affected the heart and liver are, and whether the prognosis for the disease can be positive or negative;
The daily protein value changes by about 25%.

According to what external signs may prescribe an analysis for AST and ALT:

Constant feeling of weakness and severe fatigue;
Poor appetite;
Manifestations of nausea sometimes progressing to vomiting;
Gas formation and pain in the abdominal cavity;
If the urine is dark in color;
Skin and eye whites turn yellow.

It is important to follow all the doctor’s instructions and not self-medicate; this will help preserve your health and even life.

How to properly prepare for the test

It is recommended not to eat for twelve hours before biochemical analysis;
It is advisable not to drink alcoholic beverages for a week;
It is not recommended to eat fatty, smoked or fried foods several days before the test;
No smoking for an hour;
Avoid nervous overstrain and do not create stress for your body;
It is worth excluding heavy physical labor or sports;
Get a good night's sleep before the test.

Rules for taking enzymes in men

A blood test can tell a lot about a person’s problems, and sometimes even predict possible pathologies, which the patient may not even be aware of at this time. The levels of ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) indicate the well-being or pathology occurring in the organs of the body.

If the ALT level in men falls within the range of 5 to 40 units per liter, and AST from 15 to 31 units per liter, then this fact indicates healthy body. When the indicators are significantly higher, the attending physician should look for pathology, after making sure that the patient has passed the test correctly.

Blood sampling from a man should take place in the morning; the material for analysis is taken from a vein. It is important to say that cravings for alcohol and smoking can significantly distort real transferase parameters. And accordingly, based on the results obtained, the specialist will not be able to assess the true picture of the patient’s disease.

Nutritional features to normalize altered blood levels

Male patients are not supporters of proper nutrition. They love fried, smoked, salted food and wash it all down with a glass of beer. To reduce AST and ALT levels, you need to start with a strict diet.

If the patient wants to bring his indicators back to normal, then he should temporarily forget about the existence of the following list of food products:

Fatty and salty fish;
Fried and smoked meat;
Lard;
Coffee;
Significantly reduce the consumption of milk and its processed products;
Reduce salt consumption to the possible minimum;
Avoid alcoholic and low-alcohol drinks completely.

A man's diet should be balanced, it is better to give preference to:

Non-fatty meats (chicken breast or beef), steamed or boiled;
Vegetable soups cooked in lean broth;
Boiled eggs (no more than 3 per week);
Various porridges (cook only in water and do not add butter);
Vegetable salads with cod liver;
Fresh fruit (preferably apples);
From dairy products it is low-fat cottage cheese(no more than 50 grams per day) and kefir (no more than 100 milliliters).

If, when taking the test again, a person’s AST and ALT indicators are within the limits acceptable standards, you shouldn’t give up your diet right away.

Effective medications and folk remedies

Patients with elevated ALT and AST levels should not panic; it is better to calm down and follow the recommendations of the attending physician. Experts prescribe diet and medical supplies plant origin, which have anti-inflammatory and choleretic effect. Milk thistle is considered the most common. The release form of this drug is tablets, capsules and oils. The exact dosage and number of doses is determined by the doctor, based on individual indicators.

When taking this drug, the patient may experience painful sensations in the liver area, this fact is associated with a choleretic effect, but if it does not go away after 3 calendar days, you need to go back to the clinic to review the course of treatment.

The drug Heptral is taken by patients 2 times a day, and both doses should occur in the morning, between meals. A course of treatment is considered to be 21 calendar days; an increase or decrease in the period of admission is regulated by the attending physician based on a repeated biochemical examination.

Patients are unwilling to take medicines, therefore for them there is Alternative option- This is traditional medicine.

Burdock root decoction. 2 tablespoons of crushed root should be poured with 200 milliliters of boiling water, placed in a water bath and kept at constant boiling for 15 minutes. Then remove the decoction from the water bath, cover with a warm towel and let it brew for another 2 hours, then filter the decoction and take 2 tablespoons 3 times a day for men.
Milk thistle meal. To prepare it, you need to grind the grains into powder using a coffee grinder. And then take the prepared powder according to the following scheme: 1 teaspoon 4 times a day, washed down with plenty of boiled water, take half an hour before meals, daily for 40 calendar days, then take a 2-week break. And then the course is repeated, treatment can last from 6 to 12 months.
Tea based on milk thistle. Dandelion root (20 g), leaves peppermint(20 g), milk thistle fruits (50 g), anise fruits (10 g), fennel fruits (15 g). A homogeneous mixture is prepared from the ingredients, then 2 teaspoons of the mixture are poured with 200 milliliters of boiling water, the solution is covered with a lid and kept at room temperature 20 minutes, strain. You need to drink tea 2 times a day (morning and evening) 1 glass. The course of treatment lasts from 6 calendar weeks to 3 months.
Decoction of calendula flowers. Dried flowers (1 tablespoon) are poured with 2 cups of boiling water and infused for 2 hours. Then the infusion is taken 3 times a day with meals, 100 milliliters. The type of decoction has a beneficial effect on the liver, preventing body fat, has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Possible consequences of elevated enzymes

An increase in ALT and AST levels, even a slight one, already indicates the development of the disease, if you do not look for the cause, do not take any treatment measures and eat your favorite fatty, salty and spicy food By drinking alcohol, you can provoke irreparable consequences:

Fatty hepatosis;
Hepatitis;
Cirrhosis of the liver;
Heart failure;
Myocardial infarction;
Acute pancreatitis.

Oddly enough, all these terrible diseases, which subsequently provoke premature death, can be well cured in the early stages of their development.

AST and ALT— marker enzymes necessary to determine liver pathologies. Ast and Alt are in cells different organs and enter the bloodstream only when they are destroyed. Transferase levels increase during pregnancy, with liver pathology, after a course of certain medications, or after physical activity. Transferases are determined biochemical blood, which is considered the most informative for identifying liver diseases at the initial stage.

The peculiarity of the development of liver diseases is that they develop painlessly. The liver does not hurt because it has no nerve endings. Pain in the right hypochondrium, after which a person usually goes to the doctor for the first time, is caused by pathologies of the gallbladder. Only regular donation of blood biochemistry during the process will make it possible to identify liver pathologies before they reach the point of irreversibility.

What is ALT?

ALT acts predominantly in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, in the epithelium of the renal glomeruli, and slightly less in the heart. During developing destructive processes at the cellular level, Alt is released from them and penetrates into the bloodstream, where its increase is detected. The growth of ALT directly depends on the degree of organ damage and is important indicator necrotic changes in organ tissue.