Who can become a bone donor? What you need to know about bone marrow donation? Where do they get bone marrow for transplantation?

Who becomes a bone marrow donor? Now let's look at this issue. But first, let's look at the indications for using the material.

Application

Bone marrow donation is necessary for the treatment of cancer. Therapy is used for the following diseases:

1. Leukemia.
2. Diseases lymphatic system.
3. Neuroblastoma.
4. Aplastic anemia.
5. Hereditary blood diseases.

Description of the procedure

There is a misconception that a sick person is changed Bone marrow to foreign. In fact, stem cells are injected into the patient healthy person. This procedure is performed through a vein. Hematopoietic stem cells, which are received by a sick person, provide the function of hematopoiesis. Their peculiarity is that they can transform into erythrocytes or leukocytes. It is also possible for them to transform into platelets.

In our country, these cells began to be used at the end of the last century, namely in the 90s. If a person being treated for cancer gets radiation therapy, then his hematopoiesis may begin to be suppressed. In this case, the use of stem cells will help to establish the recovery process.

There are cases when the introduction of stem cells is the only way, which can help a person survive. But you should know that there are certain risks. It is possible that the body of a sick person recognizes donor cells as foreign. In this case, the rejection process will begin.

How to become a bone marrow donor?

It is worth saying that a person can become a donor to himself. This method eliminates the risk of cells being rejected. The main thing is that the patient’s bone marrow is not affected cancer cells. In this case, before starting chemotherapy or radiation exposure, stem cells are taken from the patient. Then, after a course of treatment, they are administered to the patient through a vein.

But there are also cases when it is not possible to take bone marrow from a sick person. In this case, a third-party donor is needed. Before collecting bone marrow, it is necessary to do a special study to determine the compatibility of the patient and the donor. In order for people to be compatible, certain sets of genes must be present in their bodies.

Usually brothers and sisters are compatible. Less often parents and children. But you can find an ideal donor who will have high degree compatibility with a sick person. It may turn out that one is located in another part of the world. There is a possibility of detecting it through special registers.

What are donor registries?

Databases or registers in America and Europe began to be created in the eighties of the last century. There are several large potential donor registries around the world:

1. Anthony Nolan Foundation, England.
2. Stefan Morsch Foundation, Germany.
3. National NMDP Registry, USA.
4. National DKMS, Germany.
5. International registry IBMTR. It contains information from all national registers and private foundations.

Compared to the world, there are very few registered donors in our country. Their number is only forty-three thousand people. Although the country's population allows us to create a large register of potential donors.

This quantity is not enough to select the right person. Although searching in the national system is inexpensive and affordable way find a person who can become a donor to a patient.

Is it possible to become a bone marrow donor in St. Petersburg? Yes. But where exactly?

Currently in our country there is a national fund, which includes the following registers:

1. Petersburg register.
2. Chelyabinsk.
3. Samara register.
4. Rostovsky.
5. Ekaterinburg register.

How is the procedure carried out?

There is an opinion among doctors that bone marrow sampling is a much more gentle procedure than surgery. The person who donates it receives punctures in the upper part of the pelvic bones. They are made using a hollow needle. Next, the liquid is drawn into the syringe. Several punctures are needed in order to collect a sufficient amount. After this procedure, the person is under observation in the hospital for a couple of days. It is also worth knowing that bone marrow collection is carried out using anesthesia. It can be either local or general.

The body recovers quite quickly after bone marrow donation. Hemoglobin levels return to normal after a few days. And the pain from the punctures goes away after two days. The bone marrow recovers within a month.

There is another way to become a donor - to donate blood from a vein. The donor is given in advance special drug, which expels bone marrow into the blood. Then the material is collected. The blood is forced through a special device that breaks it down into its components. The desired cells are separated and the remaining blood is injected back to the donor through the other arm. In order to collect the required number of stem cells, it is necessary to pump blood through the device more than once. Typically this procedure lasts up to six hours. After the cell selection ends, the donor feels unwell. Usually he feels nauseous, his body temperature rises, and his joints ache.

What interferes with the procedure?

How to become a bone marrow donor? Let's figure it out now. Any person who is 18 years of age and not older than 50 can become a member of the register. Also, a potential donor should not have the following diseases:

1. Hepatitis B or C.
2. Diabetes.
3. AIDS.
4. Malaria.
5. Tuberculosis.

Documentation

Who becomes a bone marrow donor? In order to enter your data into the register, you need to donate nine milliliters of blood.

This quantity is needed for typing. Next, you should write an agreement to join the register. If a potential donor's gene set is needed for a patient, he will need to be tested before becoming one. You will also need to give another consent for donation.

How to become a bone marrow donor in St. Petersburg, Moscow? In which Russian centers can BMT be performed?

Currently, there are only three centers where the procedure can be performed. They are located in Moscow, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg.

There is a limitation on the free procedure and the number of equipped beds. This quantity is not enough. You should know that a paid procedure will cost 40,000 rubles per day per bed. The entire course will cost around 2 or 3 million rubles.

For comparison: in clinics in Israel and Germany this procedure will cost 250 thousand euros. Finding a donor through an international registry costs another 21 thousand euros. If you look for a donor in our country, then his search will be paid for by charitable foundations.

Peculiarities

Unfortunately, in our country the register of potential donors is very small. Therefore, cancer patients have to seek help abroad.

Charities are urging people to join a stem cell donation registry. The population of our country is large, but the situation in this area of ​​medicine is not developed to the required extent.

Exist special promotions, which are carried out to attract donors to the register. The fact is that the genetics of Russian people differs from the population of the USA or Europe. Therefore, it is easier for a Russian person to find a donor among Russian people than to search in foreign registries. Many people in our country do not know how to become a bone marrow donor or about the existence of registries. If they are informed about this and told about the problems that every inhabitant of the planet may face, then more people will appear. The main thought of such people will be: “I want to become a bone marrow donor.” If they not only want, but also become, then they will make their contribution to the patient’s health. It is possible that such a person can even save the life of a sick child.

Some people think: what if I become a bone marrow donor for money, will I be able to make money?

In fact, this procedure is considered charitable, anonymous and free of charge all over the world. These are the basic principles for creating donation registries. Therefore, remember this before you decide to take any such actions.

Conclusion

Now you know how to become a bone marrow donor in Moscow and other cities Russian Federation. We hope that our recommendations will help you.

Photo: Anatoli Kliashchuk / Sygma via Getty Images

“Many people asked why I was torturing myself so much”

Ksenia Brits, 28 years old, student. Donor

At first I just donated blood - I wanted to help people. Then I learned how to become a bone marrow donor. Around that time, I learned that charities were actively looking for such donors, and I decided to join one of them.

I went to get tested alone, it was scary. All the time I thought about the burden of responsibility, about whether I would be suitable for anyone or not, because in fact, the donor and recipient are “genetic twins”, and the chances of finding the right person for you are catastrophically small: only one in ten thousand.

My recipient was found only three months later. But this is still fast; some people wait for matches for years. From that moment on, my life turned into an endless series of tests - they checked for everything possible. But, alas, at one of the final stages my recipient had a relapse, and the procedure had to be cancelled. Fortunately, I was able to help this woman after six months. True, I had to go through it again full examination. But this does not matter when you understand that for the patient such a transplant may be the last chance.

They explained to me that my stem cells would be collected, and four days before that I needed to take an immunostimulating drug that increases their concentration in the peripheral blood. Because of this, white blood cells increase, and therefore all my bones ached, I felt like I had the flu. On the fifth day I was sent to a cage fence.

The procedure lasted four hours, and everything was similar to how I usually donate blood. The only difference: catheters were placed on both arms.

People around me reacted to my idea of ​​becoming a donor in different ways, including negatively. Many asked why I was torturing myself so much, they said that I was giving away part of my soul - in general, they tried to dissuade me as best they could. I didn’t quite understand what was going to happen to me, and best friend. But I explained to him how everything works, and he supported me.

“Mom thinks I’m too thin to be a donor”

Dmitry Pavlov, 32 years old, individual entrepreneur. Donor

One day in the hospital, I was waiting for my turn to donate blood and overheard the doctors discussing a seriously ill patient: the girl urgently needed a bone marrow transplant. It turned out that she was in the same clinic, on the tenth floor, and I decided to meet her. I went up to her floor without any specific goals, and came down with the firm intention of becoming a bone marrow donor.

I went through everything that such people experience: a bunch of tests, a heavy immunostimulant, aching bones, a four-hour procedure during which you can’t even move. Thank God, a friend came with me to the cell collection and entertained me. We watched together as the device first takes blood, then the centrifuge spins it up to 100 rpm, takes it necessary components and returns the remainder back to the donor. Interestingly, after the procedure I was offered lunch and a taxi. I accepted the first with pleasure, but I refused the second and went on a bicycle. But this is all that the donor receives from the state, so if someone is looking for a reward, this is not the place for them.

The man who received my bone marrow does not look like me at all and, moreover, is five years younger. He and I were invited to take part in some program on Channel One, but he refused - he didn’t want to share this chapter of his life. But I maintain a relationship with both my recipient and his mother.

And speaking of mothers, mine doesn’t support me. He thinks I'm too thin to donate.

“A year later, the nightmare returned again”

Alexandra Denisko, mother of the recipient

My daughter Angelina is 14 years old. She fell ill with leukemia five years ago. A year later she had to undergo a bone marrow transplant. Through the German bone marrow donor registry Stefan Morsch, we found a donor in Germany, paying 18 thousand euros for this. Delivery of his blood to Russia took two days, but Angelina did not have to go anywhere for the transplant. While preparing for the procedure, my daughter suffered enough: it affected loading dose chemotherapy. With its help, doctors actually killed unnecessary bone marrow so that they could later replace it with new one.

Angelina quickly recovered. And a year later the nightmare returned again. In desperation, we took a risk and agreed to an experimental treatment: injections of those who had not passed clinical trials drugs. We were warned that the effect of this approach may take several years to become apparent.

After another relapse, chemotherapy no longer helped. We decided to undergo a second bone marrow transplant, and this time Angelina’s own father became the donor. We didn't use his cages from the very beginning only because he wasn't 100 percent suitable for our daughter, but that's always the case with relatives. The repeat transplant, fortunately for everyone, was a success: not without complications, but the bone marrow has taken root, and Angelina is finally recovering. She has been moving around without a stroller for two months now.

Every day, seriously ill children and adults wait for donors ready to donate healthy hematopoietic cells. Generosity is absolutely strangers gives them hope for recovery. This procedure is known as bone marrow donation, and there are many myths and misconceptions associated with it. Together with experts from the AdVita charitable foundation and the Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology. Dmitry Rogachev, we examined several of the most common of them. We hope that every year everything more people in Russia will join the register of bone marrow donors. This will save the lives of hundreds of children and adults in need of transplantation.

For even more information about what bone marrow transplantation is, see the special project of the “Native Blood” Foundation, for example, in the article “Educational program on TCM.”

Myth #1: Bone marrow is the same as the spinal cord
Fact: These two organs perform completely different functions and consist of different types cells. “The spinal cord consists of neurons and processes nerve cells and belongs to the central nervous system. Bone marrow is an organ of the hematopoietic system, tissue located inside the bone, explains Kirill Kirgizov, hematologist, head of the department scientific research and clinical technologies of the Federal Scientific Center for Children's Orthopedics and Orthopedics named after. Dmitry Rogachev. - If the main task spinal cord- transmission of impulses, then the bone marrow is responsible for the process of hematopoiesis and the production of immune cells.”

But, unfortunately, due to lack available information Many Russians do not fully understand what bone marrow is and where it is located. “They even called us once and asked if they could become a donor of part of the brain,” says Maria Kostyleva, coordinator of the donor service of the AdVita Foundation. “Therefore, we always begin our story about hematopoietic stem cell donation with a short anatomical review.”

Myth #2: Donating bone marrow is very painful.
Fact: Hematopoietic cell donation is not associated with strong pain syndrome. “Since bone marrow is often confused with spinal marrow, there is a common myth that the harvest will be done from the spine and the donor will experience sharp pain, - says Maria Kostyleva. “It’s actually a relatively painless procedure.” “Moreover, the phrase “bone marrow donation” no longer expresses the essence of this type of donation. The definition appeared in the 1960s, when only bone marrow obtained directly from the bone was used for transplantation, adds Kirill Kirgizov. - Today we are talking about transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells, which are also contained in the bone marrow. These cells can be obtained from both bone marrow and peripheral blood." Thus, bone marrow donation would more correctly be called hematopoietic stem cell donation.”

There are two ways to donate hematopoietic stem cells. In one case, bone marrow is removed from the pelvic bone using a needle. “We carry out this procedure under general anesthesia or using epidural anesthesia, depending on the donor’s preferences,” explains Larisa Shelikhova, head of the HSCT department No. 1. “We always individually select anesthesia taking into account the donor’s condition and, above all, care about his health.”

In the second case, hematopoietic stem cells are isolated from the donor's peripheral blood, that is, from the blood circulating through the vessels of the body. “The only painful sensation is the needle prick at the beginning of the procedure,” says Kirill Kirgizov. “Also, before we begin to separate the cells, the donor receives injections of a drug for several days that stimulates the release of hematopoietic cells into the peripheral blood.”

When collecting hematopoietic cells from peripheral blood, the donor spends some time under medical supervision. “The donor may experience flu-like symptoms, in which case we also monitor the donor and, if necessary, provide symptomatic care,” says Kirill Kirgizov. Doctors recommend a specific method for collecting hematopoietic stem cells depending on the patient’s diagnosis and the intended treatment method, but the final decision in any case will be made by the donor.

Myth #3: Donating bone marrow is dangerous.
Fact: There are absolute and relative contraindications to donation of hematopoietic stem cells. They are usually similar to contraindications to blood donation. Before a person donates hematopoietic cells, doctors conduct a thorough examination to determine the absence of contraindications. This minimizes the risk of complications. “It would be an exaggeration to say that the donor does not risk anything by donating hematopoietic stem cells. However, development medical technologies makes this procedure quite safe,” explains Larisa Shelikhova. According to the regulations adopted in international practice, the decision on whether to allow a person to donate is made by doctors from a clinic that is in no way connected with the hospital where the transplant will take place. “This is done in order to protect the donor as much as possible,” explains Kirill Kirgizov. - We follow this rule. The donor and recipient must not know about each other and cannot be in the same hospital. Acquaintance between the donor and the recipient is possible only two years after the transplantation.”

The low risk to the donor’s health is also evidenced by the fact that recently domestic insurance companies have been insuring hematopoietic stem cell donors in case of complications. “This decision was revolutionary,” comments Kirill Kirgizov. - It allows us to protect Russian donors as much as possible. In international practice, such insurance has been carried out for a long time and has proven that complications during the donation of hematopoietic cells are extremely rare.”

Myth #4: Recovery from bone marrow donation is difficult.
Fact: The ability to regenerate hematopoietic stem cells is so high that, if necessary, one can become a donor several times in one’s life without health consequences. “Hematopoietic cells are restored in the donor’s body quite quickly; repeated donation is possible within 3 months after cell collection,” says Larisa Shelikhova. “We definitely monitor the donor for about a day after the collection of hematopoietic stem cells and give recommendations regarding further observation and necessary tests.”

Myth #5: The state pays for the search and activation of donors
Fact: There are no quotas for activation of unrelated donors in Russia yet. The Ministry of Health allocates quotas for transplantation, as well as a small number of quotas for related donation. The number of quotas is very limited and does not cover the number of transplantations, which entails the need to contact charitable foundations. “Therefore, payment for the activation of a Russian unrelated donor ( detailed examination, tests, necessary medications in the case of collecting cells from peripheral blood), his travel to the clinic and accommodation are also paid for by charitable organizations, explains Maria Kostyleva. - But the price of activating a donor from Russia (the search for a donor in the domestic registry is free) is significantly lower than the price of searching and activating a donor from the international registry. In Germany it will cost about 18,000 euros, in Russia - from 150 to 300 thousand rubles.” The national register of bone marrow donors named after Vasya Perevoshchikov has officially existed and developed since 2013. The register united 12 regional Russian registers and one Kazakh one.

Myth #6: Russians’ stem cells are sent abroad
Fact: In fact, hematopoietic stem cells from Russian donors do not cross the country’s borders very often. Unfortunately, the combined database of the Russian registry is not yet included in the international search system for hematopoietic stem cell donors. Maria Kostyleva explains: “The national register of bone marrow donors named after Vasya Perevoshchikov is not yet included in the international bone marrow donor search system BMDW. Currently, only Russian clinics can search the register.” “It’s a pity that the National Register is not yet connected to the international database,” adds Kirill Kirgizov. - It is the cooperation of registers from different countries allows us, doctors, to promptly find donors for those patients who were unable to find a genetically compatible pair in the national registry. But the time to find a donor is always limited.”

Myth #7: If a donor doesn’t get a call from the registry within a year, it means he wasn’t a good match for anyone
Fact: Several years may pass from the moment of blood collection for HLA typing to the moment of hematopoietic stem cell donation. International statistics recent years says that within a year, approximately every thousand participant in the registry becomes a real donor. In Russia, it is estimated that approximately every 700th person who donates blood for typing now becomes a donor. Kirill Kirgizov explains: “This is due to the fact that in each case of unrelated donation we are looking for a 100% match in certain parameters, the so-called loci. Many other factors also play a role. Hematopoietic cells cannot be prepared in advance; selecting a donor is always a painstaking job in which everything is taken into account possible consequences for donor and recipient."
“Now that the Russian registry is small by world standards, we do not often find donors in it,” says Larisa Shelikhova, “but its development is certainly necessary.” Kirill Kirgizov believes that the development of the Russian register can be considered a matter of national security: “Russia is an amazing multinational country, and now it is important to reflect this ethnic diversity in the Russian register, since for some “isolates” - genetically isolated populations (for example, for representatives of indigenous peoples of the North or some ethnic groups living in the Caucasus) - finding genetically similar donors is extremely difficult.”

Myth #8: The likelihood that a patient will be cured after a transplant is low.
Fact: Of course, it all depends on the diagnosis, condition at the time of transplantation and many other factors, but in any case it is last hope for patients awaiting transplantation, and the longer the recipient waits for his donor, the less chance remains.
“Medicine is developing rapidly. Opportunities that seemed unattainable become reality. Now our patients fully recover after transplantation much more often than five years ago,” says Larisa Shelikhova. “In addition, the list of diseases (autoimmune, genetic) that can now be treated with transplantation has expanded.” “It is difficult to imagine a more significant and respectable act than donation,” says Kirill Kirgizov. - The donor consciously and freely shares with stranger with his healthy cells, giving him a chance to recover.”

We believe that an increase in the donor register and the disappearance of “terrible” myths about donation will give patients, large and small, a chance for recovery. You can find out more about how to become a donor of hematopoietic cells on the website of the AdVita charitable foundation. Donating hematopoietic cells is a responsible and serious step. By doing it, we save lives.

Before donating hematopoietic stem cells, you need to undergo typing (determination of the HLA genotype) of the bone marrow. And if you match the type of a patient, you will be invited to donate hematopoietic stem cells.

What is a bone marrow transplant?

A bone marrow transplant actually refers to a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Hematopoietic (blood-forming) stem cells are formed in the human bone marrow and are the founders of all blood cells: leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelets.

Who needs a bone marrow transplant?

For many patients with oncological and hematological diseases the only chance To save life is a hematopoietic stem cell transplant. This could save the lives of thousands of children and adults with cancer, leukemia, lymphoma or hereditary diseases.

Who can become a hematopoietic cell donor?

Any healthy citizen of the Russian Federation without chronic diseases aged 18 to 45 years.

An important factor for bone marrow donation is age: the younger the donor, the higher the concentration of hematopoietic stem cells in the transplant and their “quality”.

How is bone marrow typing done?

To determine your HLA genotype (typing), 1 tube of blood will be taken from you. A blood sample (up to 10 ml - as in a regular blood test) from a person wishing to become a hematopoietic stem cell donor is examined in a specialized laboratory.

Information on the results of typing of donors recruited and HLA-typed at the Federal State Budgetary Institution National Medical Research Center for Hematology of the Ministry of Health of Russia is entered into the all-Russian donor database - the National Bone Marrow Donor Registry.

The typing procedure requires only a little time from the donor, does not involve costs and does not differ from a regular blood test.

What happens after entering data into the register?

When a patient appears who needs a bone marrow transplant, his HLA genotype data is compared with the data of potential donors available in the registry. As a result, one or more “compatible” donors can be selected. The potential donor is informed about this, and he makes a decision whether or not to become an actual donor. For a potential donor, the probability of becoming a real donor is no more than 1%.

According to the International Bone Marrow Donor Association (WMDA), in 2007, every 500th person on our planet was a potential donor of hematopoietic stem cells, and out of every 1,430 potential donors, one donor became a real donor, i.e., donated stem cells.

According to WMDA, in 2007 in Russia there were officially 20,933 potential unrelated stem cell donors.

According to the annual reports of the International Bone Marrow Donor Search (BMDW), Russia ranks fourth in the frequency of rare HLA donor phenotypes, second only to Mexico, Argentina and South Africa. It follows that finding compatible donors for all those in need of bone marrow transplantation Russian patients in foreign registers (in particular, European ones) is obviously impossible.

This implies the importance of replenishing the domestic Bone Marrow Register. The more people undergo typing for the Register, the more lives can be saved.

The chance of finding a donor for a patient with a common HLA genotype is 1 in 10,000, i.e., it is likely that one in 10,000 donors will be compatible with the patient.

How does the stem cell donation procedure work?

If you match the HLA genotype of a patient and you have to become a bone marrow donor, then do not be afraid! Obtaining stem cells from peripheral blood is a simple, comfortable and safe procedure for the donor.

Bone marrow is collected from the donor in one of two ways:

• with a syringe from the pelvic bone (the procedure is painless under anesthesia),
• by using medical product“expel” bone marrow cells into the blood and collect them from there through a peripheral vein.

This procedure is reminiscent of hardware plateletpheresis (platelet donation procedure), but takes longer.

The donor gives only a small part of his bone marrow.

Who needs a bone marrow transplant and why? Who can become a donor, and how will it turn out for him?

In February 2016, the action “Save the life of a child with leukemia” was held in several cities of Russia, organized by Rusfond and medical laboratory"Invitro". Its participants donated blood for typing in order to enter the National Bone Marrow Donor Registry.

When is a bone marrow transplant needed?

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is used primarily in the treatment of oncological diseases such as leukemia, lesions of the lymphatic system, neuroblastoma, as well as aplastic anemia and a number of hereditary blood defects.

One should not think that the patient is being “exchanged” his bone marrow with someone else’s. In fact, the patient receives intravenously hematopoietic stem cells from a healthy person, which restore the body's ability to form hematopoiesis. These cells can develop into red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

The most unpleasant moment The entire bone marrow collection procedure involves anesthesia, doctors say. Hemoglobin levels decrease slightly. The bone marrow takes about a month to recover. Painful sensations in the back go away within a few days.

The second method is to obtain hematopoietic cells from peripheral blood. The donor is first given a drug that “expels” the necessary cells from the bone marrow. Blood is then drawn from the vein, it is passed through a machine that separates it into its components, the hematopoietic stem cells are collected, and the rest of the blood is returned to the body through a vein in the other arm. For selection required quantity cells, all human blood must pass through the separator several times. The procedure lasts five to six hours. After it, the donor may experience flu-like symptoms: pain in the bones and joints, headaches, and sometimes fever.

How to get on the register

Any person aged 18 to 50 years can become a donor if he has not had hepatitis B and C, tuberculosis, malaria, HIV, no cancer or diabetes.

If you decide to become a potential bone marrow donor, you must first donate 9 ml of blood for typing and sign an agreement to join the register. If your HLA type is suitable for any patient in need of BMT, you will be offered to undergo additional examinations. Of course, you will need to confirm your consent to act as a donor.

The Rusfond website has published a list of laboratories where you can donate blood in order to be included in the National Donor Register.

Where is TCM performed in Russia?

In Russia, bone marrow transplantation is performed in only a few medical institutions: in Moscow, St. Petersburg and Yekaterinburg. The number of specialized beds is limited, as is the number of quotas for free treatment.

Federal Research Center "Children's Hematology, Oncology and Immunology" named after. Dmitry Rogachev The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation annually performs up to 180 hematopoietic stem cell transplants in children.

Institute of Pediatric Hematology and Transplantology named after. R. M. Gorbacheva in St. Petersburg in 2013, according to Kommersant, it carried out 256 such procedures under a quota and 10 paid ones; in 2014, the Ministry of Health allocated a total of 251 quotas to this institution.

In the Sverdlovsk regional children's school clinical hospital № 1 Since 2006, just over 100 bone marrow transplants have been performed, and in Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 (for adults) Only 30 TCMs were planned for 2015.

As for the number of specialized beds, the Institute named after. Gorbachev, for example, has 60 of them, and in the Sverdlovsk Regional Children's Clinical Hospital No. 1 - 6.

Meanwhile, according to the Gift of Life charity foundation, every year at least 800-1000 children - not counting adults - need bone marrow transplantation in Russia.

If you are treated at your own expense, then you will only pay for one bed-day in the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation department of the Institute named after. Rogachev will cost at least 38,500 rubles. In general, the cost of TCM in Moscow, according to the Med-Connect company, can reach up to 3 million rubles, and in St. Petersburg - up to two million rubles.

For treatment in Germany you have to pay up to 210 thousand euros, and in Israel - up to 240 thousand dollars. And all this does not take into account the search for a donor in the International Registry, which will cost another 21 thousand euros. In Russia, this search is usually paid for by charitable foundations - such as Rusfond, Podari Zhizn, AdVita.