Chronic bronchitis: therapeutic measures with folk remedies for adults. Bronchitis in adults: symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

Bronchitis is medically called inflammatory process, flowing in the respiratory tract, namely in the bronchi. This disease is not considered dangerous to health and life, but if not properly treated, bronchitis can cause complications. Doctors distinguish several types of bronchitis, each of which is characterized by distinctive symptoms. In addition, the treatment of each of the types of the inflammatory process under consideration will be different.

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Classification of bronchitis

Doctors distinguish the following types of bronchitis according to the causes of its occurrence:

Viral bronchitis - inflammation develops against the background of diagnosed acute respiratory viral infections, influenza,;
toxic-chemical - appears against the background of either general poisoning of the body, or with regular inhalation of toxic substances (this can be, for example, under adverse working or living conditions);
tuberculous bronchitis - caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is always present in the bronchi even with early tuberculosis;
infectious bronchitis - bronchitis is provoked by the multiplication of pathogenic bacteria, in some cases considered inflammatory disease develops against the background of atypical bacteria ();
allergic bronchitis - occurs only against the background of the existing allergic reaction to any external or internal stimulus.

Another type of bronchitis is distinguished - mycobacterial, but it is diagnosed very rarely and is rather an exception. This type of inflammation in the bronchi is caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria. Bronchitis in medicine is also differentiated by the type of course (this is the most common classification of the disease):

acute bronchitis - which occurs with acute respiratory viral infections or influenza (most often), is easily treatable and after 3-4 weeks of competent therapy the patient recovers completely;
chronic bronchitis - characterized by a duration of the course (at least 6 months), a constant cough and is considered the most common form of the disease in adults.

The doctor can also determine the types of bronchitis by development. There are only 2 of them - primary and secondary. In the first case, the inflammatory process develops independently, pathological changes or no respiratory injury. But with secondary bronchitis, the underlying disease is always diagnosed, against which the inflammatory process developed (for example, SARS, influenza). There is also obstructive bronchitis, but it is considered without connection with other types / types / forms of the inflammatory process in the bronchi, therefore, in this article, its description will go in a separate section.

Signs of different types of bronchitis

The most important and indicative symptom of bronchitis is a cough, but with different types and types of inflammation it will have a different “color”. Therefore, doctors classify the symptoms of bronchitis as follows:

Mild infectious bronchitis:

dry cough, which periodically turns into a wet one;
discomfort is felt in the chest (patients may complain of a sensation foreign body, pressure);
increased weakness;
body temperature rises to subfebrile levels (37-37.5 degrees), but in exceptional cases may be high;
hard breathing, obvious wheezing is heard with deep breaths;
clinical analysis of blood remains unchanged.

Infectious bronchitis of moderate and severe course:

coughing, which leads to pain in the chest and upper abdomen - this is a consequence of severe overexertion;
weakness and general malaise are pronounced;
breathing is difficult;
purulent or serous-purulent sputum comes out of the lungs;
wheezing when listening to the lungs, moist, finely bubbling.

allergic bronchitis. Appears only upon direct contact with an irritant to which the patient is allergic. Symptoms:

breathing is difficult, there is shortness of breath on exhalation;
rales are dry and scattered;
body temperature remains within normal limits.

Toxic-chemical bronchitis:

excruciating cough;
severe shortness of breath;
appears in the chest stabbing pain paroxysmal;
headache and loss of appetite;
after some time, respiratory failure and hypoxemia increase;
mucous membranes become bluish;
breathing is hard with wheezing.

Acute bronchitis:

cough is strong, at the beginning of the development of the disease is dry, then it becomes wet;
body temperature rises to high levels;
rapid fatigue up to loss of working capacity;
chills, general malaise, great weakness;
pain syndrome in the chest;
when listening to the lungs, dry rales are clearly audible.

Chronical bronchitis:

cough - during periods of remission, it can be paroxysmal and dry, during exacerbation - wet and exhausting;
shortness of breath - during remission is practically absent, during exacerbation it becomes pronounced and disrupts night sleep;
sputum is always present - during remission it is the usual mucus (it can be yellow, brown and even black, which is typical for miners), which occurs after each coughing fit. When exacerbated, it is serous-purulent or purulent in nature.

The doctor tells in more detail about the symptoms of bronchitis:

Important: body temperature at chronic bronchitis may not rise at all even during an exacerbation, but this syndrome is individual and depends on the level of the patient's immune system. With a long course of chronic bronchitis and the absence of competent treatment, hemoptysis may appear. If it is the appearance of blood streaks / fibers in the sputum, then you should not worry, but if the presence of blood is too pronounced, then you need to inform your doctor about this fact - it is possible that tissue cells affected by inflammation have degenerated into cancerous ones.

Treatment of bronchitis in adults

Bronchitis, regardless of its type and form, must be treated. Directly therapeutic measures can also take place at home - only patients with severe bronchitis or with general intoxication symptoms are subject to hospitalization.

Medical therapy

Doctors must prescribe the following medications:

Mucolytic (expectorant). They are suitable for dry cough or delayed sputum discharge. The most effective are Bromhexine and Lazolvan.
Antitussives. They are needed for an unproductive painful cough. Most often, it is recommended to take Libexin and Sinekod.
Antibacterial (antibiotics). Tetracycline agents, Amoxicillin, Macrolides, Cephalosporins, Amoxiclav, Fluoroquinolones may be prescribed.

Note: antibiotics for bronchitis are prescribed only for severe chronic bronchitis, with its frequent relapses. Acute bronchitis is perfectly treated without the use of antibacterial drugs. The specific type of these medicines is selected by determining the sensitivity of the causative agent of bronchitis to antibiotics.

If the inflammatory disease in question is accompanied by an increase in body temperature, then doctors prescribe antipyretics - for example, Paracetamol or Aspirin. But the latter is rarely used as a drug to lower the temperature, as it has many contraindications - for example, Aspirin should not be taken by patients diagnosed with gastritis, peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum, cardiovascular disease.

Physiotherapy

Very important role in the treatment of bronchitis different types physiotherapy plays - some doctors assure that without it, even the most competent treatment with drugs will not give a quick and expected effect. Most effective methods physiotherapy for bronchitis are:

warming up chest- appointed only as additional medical procedures after the exacerbation of chronic bronchitis is removed or the first stage of acute treatment is completed.
Massage - done with poorly discharged sputum, provides better opening of the bronchi and acceleration of the outflow of serous-purulent or purulent sputum.
Therapeutic breathing exercises - helps to restore normal breathing and get rid of shortness of breath.
. It is difficult to call them exclusively physiotherapy, because for the most part such procedures are a full-fledged therapy. As a means for inhalation are used:

Dioxidine is an antiseptic agent, most often used for exacerbation of the chronic form of bronchitis and for the viral form of the inflammatory process in question. This drug is diluted for inhalation with saline in a ratio of 1:10, 4 ml is enough for one inhalation.
Atrovent is a bronchodilator drug, sold in pharmacy chains in liquid form. For the inhalation procedure, 2 ml of Atrovent should be diluted in 2 ml of saline - the amount obtained is intended for one inhalation.
Fluimucil is a drug that loosens/thinns sputum. This drug specially designed for inhalation. Therefore, it is implemented in a form that is already ready for this procedure.
Lazolvan is a bronchodilator that relieves cough and symptoms of shortness of breath. Pharmacies have a special form for inhalation, so you do not need to specially prepare it. For one procedure, 3-5 ml of Lazolvan is enough.
Ventolin - quickly relieves an attack of suffocating cough. Sold in nebulas, one is enough for inhalation, but the contents of the nebula should first be diluted in a 1: 1 ratio with saline.
Chlorophyllipt - antiseptic, which for inhalation is diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:10. For one inhalation procedure, 4 ml is enough.

For inhalation with bronchitis, it is advisable to use – special preparation, providing uniform spraying of the drug through the bronchi.

Treatment of bronchitis folk remedies

IN traditional medicine there are dozens of recipes that effectively help in the treatment of bronchitis of different types / forms and types. Nearly all are approved. official medicine and can be safely used in exacerbation of chronic bronchitis or in the treatment of an acute handicap of the inflammatory process in question. These include:

Mix equal amounts of sunflower seeds, carrots and alcohol (previously dilute it with water in a ratio of 1: 1). Stir and infuse for 12 hours. Then the resulting remedy is taken 1 teaspoon three times a day before meals, it is not necessary to drink or seize it. After 3 days, all the symptoms of the disease in question will disappear, and if chronic bronchitis is being treated, the frequency of exacerbations will be significantly reduced.
Mix in a saucepan 500 g of interior lard, the same amount of butter and sugar. Put on fire and bring to complete dissolution over low heat. Allow the product to cool slightly and add 500 g of honey and three tablespoons of cocoa (in powder) to it. Ready to take 1 tablespoon in the morning on an empty stomach, drinking warm milk(in any quantity). This remedy is excellent for acute and chronic bronchitis, quickly removing all the symptoms of these diseases.
Mix a kilogram of honey, half a liter of aloe juice, half a liter of liquid interior fat(pork), add grated dark chocolate to the mass, turn everything into a homogeneous mass by heating in a water bath. You need to take the resulting remedy twice a day, a tablespoon before meals (at least 30 minutes before a meal) until the symptoms of bronchitis disappear.

To relieve coughing fits and provide restful sleep the patient is recommended to apply compresses to the chest at night, which can be from boiled potatoes “in their uniforms” (just crush it, wrap it in a cloth and attach it to the upper part of the chest), from alcohol solution(alcohol is diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1 or vodka is used) or leaf white cabbage and honey.

In folk medicine, there are also inhalations, however, they use exclusively natural ingredients. For example, you can use sage and thyme leaves - they will relieve inflammation, chamomile flowers - have an antiseptic, oregano and mint - sedative effect helps to relax the bronchi and relieve an attack of severe coughing.

Alternative methods of treating bronchitis can be used only after consultation with your doctor. In some cases, without drug therapy full recovery is not possible.

Obstructive bronchitis

This type of bronchitis is never a primary disease and always occurs against the background of already developed inflammation in the airways. Obstruction is a narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi, which leads to a serious condition of the patient.

Types and symptoms of obstructive bronchitis

Acute obstructive bronchitis is characterized by:

upper catarrh respiratory tract;
dry cough of high intensity;
the presence of sputum in the bronchi, which practically does not separate;
shortness of breath, shortness of breath is clearly heard on exhalation;
temperature of an exclusively subfebrile nature - it is this factor that distinguishes acute bronchitis from obstructive.

Chronic obstructive bronchitis:

cough is intense, sputum is separated in the morning;
shortness of breath appears only when physical activity, but during periods of exacerbation, she constantly worries the patient;
breathing is difficult and is characterized by whistling;
with exacerbation of chronic obstructive bronchitis, sputum becomes purulent.

Reasons for development

Obstructive bronchitis can develop against the background of:

chronic bronchitis;
diagnosed tumors of the trachea or bronchi;
poisoning with toxic substances;
prolonged smoking;
hyperreactivity of the respiratory system;
allergic reactions with frequent relapses.

Treatment of obstructive bronchitis

Treatment of this type of inflammatory process in the bronchi should be carried out in stationary conditions- only in a medical institution doctors can constantly monitor the patient's condition. The treatment regimen for obstructive bronchitis is as follows:

bronchodilators - Atrovent, Berotek, Salbutamol, Teopek;
mucoregulatory drugs - Ambroxol, Lazolvan;
therapeutic breathing exercises;
inhalation procedures.

If the patient has purulent sputum, then they will be prescribed antibacterial drugs(antibiotics), and with progressive respiratory failure- corticosteroids.

Bronchitis during pregnancy

Pregnancy implies a refusal to take medications, so the development of bronchitis during the period of bearing a child is considered a problem. No, the inflammatory process in the bronchi does not pose any danger either to the woman herself or to the fetus. But even the treatment acute bronchitis should be carried out only under the supervision of doctors, including gynecologists.

You must remember the following rules:

it is categorically impossible to take even seemingly harmless medicines on your own;
it is quite possible to carry out inhalation with an alkaline solution (usual baking soda bred in warm boiled water in the proportion of 1 teaspoon per 200 ml of water);
immediately go to bed, if the temperature rises, then you can and should drink tea with raspberries or viburnum, but do not take antipyretics.

At right approach to the treatment of bronchitis during pregnancy, the disease does not cause any complications. Bronchitis is not considered a dangerous disease, but it must not only be treated - the doctor must classify the disease, find out the cause of its development and give recommendations for prevention. The lecture of the doctor of restorative medicine - Prokofieva N.V. is devoted to the treatment of obstructive and other types of bronchitis.

Chronic bronchitis is a long-term inflammation of the bronchi. Bronchitis can be called chronic if for two years in a row the cough continues for at least three months in a year.

In Russia, chronic bronchitis occurs in 10-20% of the population. Chronic bronchitis is more common in men and the elderly. Smokers and workers in industries with polluted air are especially at risk.

Chronic bronchitis occurs against the background of long-term irritation of the bronchi (smoking, dust, smoke, etc.), which leads to changes in their mucous membrane and facilitates the penetration of infections (viruses, bacteria, fungi).

What's happening?

Chronic bronchitis begins gradually. Damaged mucous secretes more and more sputum, while bringing it out worse. It causes cough, first in the morning. Over time, the cough occurs both at night and during the day, aggravated in cold and damp weather. Over the years, the cough becomes constant.

Chronic bronchitis is constantly excreted increased amount mucous sputum (clear, odorless). During periods of exacerbation, sputum is mucopurulent or purulent - cloudy, thicker, possibly yellowish or greenish, with an unpleasant odor.

If chronic bronchitis continues for a long time, the bronchi narrow and pass less air, periodically there are attacks of shortness of breath with impaired expiration (up to suffocation), a qualitatively new stage of the disease begins - chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Previously, it was called chronic obstructive bronchitis, but the new name more accurately reflects the essence of the disease - not only the bronchi, but also the lungs suffer (up to the development of emphysema). As a result of this, less oxygen gets into the blood, and therefore to the whole body - respiratory failure develops.

Diagnosis and treatment

The diagnosis of chronic bronchitis is established by a therapist or pulmonologist after at least two years of observation. In order not to confuse chronic bronchitis with asthma, bronchiectasis, etc., the doctor may order a chest x-ray, general and biochemical analyzes blood, sputum examination bacteriological culture and antibiotic susceptibility test, function test external respiration, bronchoscopy.

When examining the function of breathing, one should exhale air into a special device that determines the volume of the lungs and a number of other parameters.

Bronchoscopy- This endoscopy. A thin tube with illumination is inserted into the respiratory tract and the bronchi are examined from the inside. This procedure is not very pleasant, but is performed quickly and under local anesthesia. It is very important because chronic bronchitis can predispose to bronchial obstruction and other complications that need to be identified as early as possible. In addition, various manipulations can be performed during bronchoscopy - biopsies, suction of viscous sputum, administration of drugs, etc.

Treatment of chronic bronchitis begins at early stages and spend a long time - both during exacerbation and during the disappearance of symptoms of the disease.

During the period of exacerbation chronic bronchitis, the doctor prescribes antibiotics, expectorants and anti-inflammatory drugs, drugs to increase immunity.

It is possible to conduct therapeutic bronchoscopy (bronchoalveolar lavage). In this case, a tube is inserted into the airways and the bronchi are washed with various solutions and drugs to reduce inflammation and the amount of mucus.

Special respiratory gymnastics, physiotherapy treatment (inhalations, electroprocedures) are also used.

Out of exacerbations to reduce the production of mucus and narrowing of the bronchi, regular inhalations of anticholinergic drugs are used. This allows you to improve the condition of the mucous membrane, reduce the number of exacerbations, significantly delay or completely avoid the development of respiratory failure.

Prevention

Prevention in chronic bronchitis involves, first of all, a healthy lifestyle (quitting smoking, hardening, physical education), elimination of foci of chronic infections.

With already existing chronic bronchitis, it is necessary to avoid hypothermia, treat infections of the upper respiratory tract in a timely manner.

Chronic bronchitis is the most common chronic disease respiratory organs. What symptoms does it accompany, and what complications can it lead to?

If you cough for three or more months of the year and this problem has been bothering you for several years, you most likely have chronic bronchitis.

Acute bronchitis is caused by viruses or bacteria, and the body successfully copes with them in a few days or weeks. A chronic bronchitis is of a protracted nature, and its causes are associated with the influence of external factors.

The main causes of chronic bronchitis:

smoking (active or passive);
unfavorable ecological situation;
work related to cement, coal, quartz dust;
cold and damp climate.

Symptoms in adults

Chronic bronchitis can develop as a complication of acute bronchitis.

In a person with strong immune system inflammation disappears within a few weeks, the bronchial mucosa is completely restored.

In some patients, the inflammatory process becomes chronic.

Attention! If the cough does not go away for more than a month, it is worth being examined by a laryngologist and clarifying why the airways are irritated. This process, if left untreated, in some cases leads to bronchial asthma.

Chronic bronchitis is not accompanied by an increase in temperature to more than 37.5 ° C, but it can increase during an exacerbation of the disease.

Signs of exacerbation chronic disease bronchi: cough, fever, weakness, headache. home distinguishing feature bronchitis is a cough. At first, the patient suffers from a dry cough, after two or three days sputum joins him.

If the inflammatory process has affected the small bronchi, to regular list ailments, shortness of breath and blueness of the skin are added.

So, the main symptoms of chronic bronchitis in adults:

, which does not pass more than a month;
normal or slightly fever body (no more than 37.5 °C);
respiratory disorders: wheezing, noises, shortness of breath.

Types of cough

Cough with this disease at first worries only in the morning, in the future it haunts the patient throughout the day and night. Cold and damp weather contributes to increased coughing. Cough is usually muffled, with sputum production, but in acute periods it can become louder and sharper, barking.

Dyspnea

The appearance of shortness of breath chronic form bronchitis - alarm symptom, which indicates the occurrence of bronchospasm.

Inhalation in this case is easy, and exhalation is accompanied by muscle effort.

Breathing becomes noisy. The patient experiences a lack of air due to the fact that the level of carbon dioxide in the blood is elevated. This condition can cause insomnia.

Bronchospasm is caused by that with a protracted inflammatory process, the lumen of the bronchi narrows, sputum stagnation occurs. IN muscle cells spasm occurs, and the diameter of the bronchi decreases. They do not perform their functions to the full, and the body does not receive the amount of oxygen it needs.

Sputum

The sputum in this disease consists of clear slime without smell. If it has acquired a purulent character, has become cloudy, yellowish or greenish - this is a sign of an exacerbation of the disease.

Important! There may be traces of blood in the sputum. This is due to the rupture of small vessels of the bronchi due to intense coughing. Such a symptom should alert, since hemoptysis also appears in diseases more dangerous than bronchitis: tuberculosis, lung cancer and others.

Useful video

From the video below you will learn about the main symptoms of bronchitis from the expert of the Living Healthy program:

Bronchitis is a disease inflammatory nature, which affects bronchial tree. Most often, the disease is provoked by viruses, but later a secondary one can join. bacterial infection. Enough common cause bronchitis become respiratory diseases, in this case, the infection from the upper respiratory tract enters the bronchi, where inflammation develops. If the disease is not treated, it quickly becomes chronic. In this case, a strong cough and malaise can be observed for several months. Exacerbation of chronic bronchitis brings a lot of trouble to the patient and requires the intervention of a doctor.

What changes are observed

Chronic bronchitis always starts gradually. The bronchial mucosa produces more and more sputum, while it is getting worse and worse. This leads to a strong cough, which initially occurs only after waking up in the morning, and then accompanies the patient all day. Cough attacks become more intense if a person inhales too cold or humid air. If the disease is not treated for a long time, then after a few years the cough will be a constant companion of the patient.

In the chronic form of bronchitis, a person regularly coughs up a large number of transparent glassy sputum, odorless. Exacerbation of bronchitis can occur with the release of yellowish-purulent mucus, which may have a specific putrid odor.

With long-term chronic bronchitis, the lumen of the bronchi is greatly narrowed, which leads to a violation of the passage capacity of the respiratory organ. The patient periodically has attacks of severe shortness of breath with the impossibility of a normal exhalation. Quite often at such patients there are asthma attacks. This leads to the development of another dangerous disease- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this case, not only the bronchial tree, but also the lungs suffer. Such disorders can quickly lead to the development of emphysema.

In chronic bronchitis, breathing is severely impaired, which leads to oxygen starvation important organs and systems in the body. With a prolonged lack of oxygen, the patient's condition worsens and irreversible changes in organism.

In chronic bronchitis, scarring of the respiratory organs occurs, due to which the small bronchi can be completely clogged.

Symptoms

Symptoms of exacerbation of chronic bronchitis are quite specific, they are difficult to confuse with another disease.

The main symptom of chronic bronchitis is a persistent cough, which can be with or without phlegm. If the disease continues for too long, then the sputum becomes purulent.
As the disease progresses, shortness of breath progresses. At first, it appears only with strong physical exertion, but over time, such a symptom is observed even in a state of complete rest.
Bronchospasm may occur. This is a condition in which the patient cannot exhale normally. In this case, there is a strong cough, which is often accompanied by signs of suffocation.

In addition, in the acute stage, the patient may have an increase in body temperature and severe weakness may occur. Against the background of hyperthermia, symptoms of intoxication of the body are often observed.

In children, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis is always more severe than in adults, and appetite also worsens significantly, which can lead to weight loss in the baby.

How to treat exacerbation of chronic bronchitis

Treatment of exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in adults is always complex. Not in all cases, such treatment helps to completely get rid of the disease, but drug therapy allows you to significantly increase periods of remission and stop the progression of the disease.

To treat an exacerbation, antibiotics, cough medicines, antiallergic and anti-inflammatory drugs can be prescribed. Inhalations and physiotherapeutic methods are also shown. Do not forget that the patient must give up bad habits, normalize nutrition and adhere to healthy lifestyle life.

Antibiotics

The appointment of antibiotics is advisable if the patient's condition is quite severe, symptoms of intoxication are observed, or a large amount of purulent sputum is coughed up. In this case, penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones can be prescribed. The most common drugs of choice are:

Doctors try to prescribe antibiotics based on results bacterial culture sputum. If for some reason it is impossible to collect sputum for analysis, then antibiotics are prescribed. a wide range actions.

Antibacterial agents can be prescribed both in tablets and in injections. The form of the drug is determined by the attending physician. Small children are prescribed antibiotics in the form of a syrup.

Before prescribing antibiotics, the doctor must conduct a test for sensitivity to a particular drug. It should be borne in mind that most often allergies are provoked by antibiotics of the penicillin group.

Cough preparations

To cure a patient from a debilitating cough, it is necessary to take several drugs of different medicinal groups. Basically, drugs are prescribed that thin the sputum and contribute to its gentle removal from the respiratory organs. Most often, doctors prescribe ACC, Lazolvan, Ascoril, Ambrobene and Bromhexine.

Treatment can be supplemented with various cough medicines from herbal ingredients. These can be medicines based on licorice root, thermopsis herb or marshmallow. prescribe medication plant origin the doctor should take into account the age of the patient and the severity of his condition.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

At severe course bronchitis may be prescribed anti-inflammatory drugs. Such drugs help to reduce the amount of secreted mucus and reduce the activity of inflammatory cells in the mucosa. The doctor may prescribe the following medications:

Eufillin;
Atrovent;
Spiriva;
Ventolin;
Flexotide;
Berodual.

Most of these medicines available in the form of metered sprays. Such medicines are quite practical. The patient can carry a small can in a pocket or bag and use it as needed.

With an exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, sprays are injected at the time of inspiration. Due to this, it is possible to achieve a rapid entry of the drug into the focus of inflammation.

Inhalations

In the treatment of exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, inhalation through a nebulizer helps well. This device allows you to spray medicinal solutions before smallest particles, after which they easily fall directly into the focus of inflammation.

For inhalation, both in the hospital and at home, the following solutions can be used:

Medicines for inhalation are mixed with saline and poured into the nebulizer container. The duration of one procedure can be up to 20 minutes. The frequency of such procedures per day is determined by the attending physician.

Medicines for inhalation should be selected by a doctor. Without a doctor's prescription, only vapors are allowed to be inhaled. mineral water or soda solution.

How to get rid of chronic bronchitis

To completely recover from chronic bronchitis, you should radically reconsider your habits and your entire lifestyle. The first priority is to quit smoking if bad habit There is. It has been noticed that heavy smokers are more likely to suffer from pathologies of the respiratory organs and often face complications.

Patients with chronic bronchitis are shown Spa treatment at least once a year. In this case, preference should be given to health resorts, which are located in a pine forest. A good effect gives a stay in salt caves or salt rooms.

To reduce the frequency of relapses in chronic bronchitis, it is advisable for the patient to do breathing exercises. With these simple exercises, you can significantly improve your well-being.

Chronic bronchitis is more difficult to treat than acute bronchitis, but you can significantly reduce the likelihood of exacerbations if you follow the doctor's recommendations. The treatment of such a pathology is always complex, with the use of antibiotics and cough medicines.

Chronic form of bronchitis- a disease in which a person is tormented by a cough for more than 2 years, during the year it lasts from 3 months or more. To achieve the maximum effect of therapy, it is important to learn how to treat chronic bronchitis at different ages and what you need to pay attention to when choosing medical preparations, the use of folk remedies and physiotherapy.

When prolonged cough does not give rest, it needs to be treated, but in addition to medicines, bad habits should be abandoned

Goal of therapy for chronic bronchitis

Goal of chronic bronchitis treatment:

Prevention of complications and pulmonary insufficiency.
Normalization of bronchial patency.
Suppression of the spread of infection.

In addition to the above, the meaning of the treatment of the disease is to eliminate negative symptoms and restoration of damaged bronchial mucosa.

Drug treatment of chronic bronchitis

An effective treatment regimen for chronic bronchitis involves complex therapy which affects all areas of manifestation of the disease.

With exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, simple, obstructive or purulent form antibacterial drugs are used short time eliminate inflammation and help get rid of various infections.

To treat inflammation of the bronchus, antibiotics of the following groups are used:

In the treatment of bronchitis, penicillins should be used - broad-spectrum antibiotics.

Medicines of a wide spectrum of action, have a minimum of contraindications, but do not have the desired effect in the treatment of an advanced form of chronic bronchitis. The minimum duration of therapy is 4 to 7 days.
Cephalosporins. Facilities latest generation, rarely lead to an allergic reaction, are effective in acute chronic bronchitis.
Macrolides. Medicines of this subgroup inhibit the spread of harmful microorganisms. Re-treatment is allowed after at least 4 months, as bacteria quickly become resistant to macrolides. The duration of continuous reception should not exceed 5 days.
Fluoroquinolones. Used in the treatment of diseases in adults - they affect only the affected areas of the respiratory system.

Name	Drug type	Terms of Use	Contraindications
Ampicillin		Adults take 1 tablet 1 hour before meals 4 times a day. Children - take 0.5 tablets up to 3 times a day	Lymphocytic leukemia, hypersensitivity to penicillins, disorders in the functioning of the liver and kidneys, infectious-type mononucleosis, bearing and feeding a child, bronchial asthma
Flemoxin		Daily dosage for adults - 2 tablets of 500 mg 3 times a day, for children - 2 tablets of 125 mg 3 times a day
Augmentin		Adults take 1 tablet 3 times a day. For children, drink the medicine in the form of a suspension in a dose of 2.5 to 20 mg, depending on the weight and age of the patient
Amoxicillin
Ceftriaxone	Cephalosporins	At the age of 12 years, administer intravenously or intramuscularly, 1-2 g per day. The pediatric dose is selected by the doctor based on the weight of the patient.	Pregnancy, lactation, kidney and liver failure, intolerance to the components of the drug
Cefixime	Cephalosporins	From the age of 12, take 1 tablet in the morning and evening, at a younger age, the dosage is 8 mg per 1 kg of the patient's weight
Azithromycin	Macrolides	Drink 1 tablet per day for 3 days 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals.	Pathologies of the liver and kidneys severe form, intolerance to the active substance of the drug, weight less than 45 kg
Erythromycin	Macrolides	Adults take 2 tablets 4 times a day, children's dosage - 40 mg per 1 kg of body weight	Arrhythmia, jaundice, pregnancy, breastfeeding
	Fluoroquinolones	Take 1-2 tablets in the morning and evening	Age under 12 years, kidney or liver dysfunction, hypersensitivity to active substance, pregnancy, lactation
Levofloxacin	Fluoroquinolones	Take 1-2 tablets 1 time per day for a week	Age under 18, cerebral atherosclerosis, epilepsy, fluoroquinol intolerance

Broad Spectrum Antibiotic

Probiotics

They are used to restore the intestinal microflora after taking antibiotics.

Affordable probiotic to take along with antibiotics

Bronchodilators

This group of medicines moderate expansion bronchi, accelerates the process of their purification from accumulated mucus.

Name	Instructions for use	Contraindications
Salbutamol	Adults use the aerosol up to 6 times a day. Children 6-12 years old - 2 to 4 times a day, from 6 to 2 years old - 1-2 inhalations per day	Salbutamol sulfate intolerance, pregnancy, disorders heart rate, age less than 2 years
Berodual	Over the age of 6 years - do 2 inhalations in the mouth during an attack of bronchitis	Tachyarrhythmia, obstructive cardiomyopathy, heart defects, glaucoma, intolerance to drug components, pregnancy in the 1st trimester
Berotek
Erespal	Children from 2 to 12 years old take 10-60 mg of syrup per day. The dosage depends on the weight of the child. Adults take the drug 1 tablet in the morning and evening	Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, diabetes, fructose intolerance

Mucolytics

Used to relieve coughing fits in chronic obstructive bronchitis, promote liquefaction of sputum and removal of mucus from the bronchi

An affordable mucolytic for all ages

Name	Admission rules	Contraindications
ACC	Adult dissolve 1 effervescent tablet in 200 ml of warm water, take up to 4 times a day. The maximum daily dose of medicine for children is 400 mg, which are consumed in 2-3 doses.	Exacerbation of ulcers, pregnancy, lactation, intolerance to acetylcysteine
Lazolvan	Adults take 1 tablet 3 times a day. Children over 12 years of age take 10 ml of syrup 3 times a day. At the age of 6-12 years - drink 5 ml 2 times a day, children from 2 to 6 years - 2.5 ml 3 times a day	First trimester of pregnancy, breastfeeding, hepatic and kidney failure, hypersensitivity to ambroxol
	Dosage in adults: 1 tablet 3-4 times a day. Children take medication in the form of syrup. Dosage from 2 to 6 years - 2.5-5 mg per day, from 6 to 10 - 5 mg 2 times a day, over the age of 10 - drink 10 ml 2-3 times a day	Hypersensitivity to bromhexine, bearing and feeding a child, bronchial asthma, stomach ulcer, age up to 2 years, sugar intolerance
Mukaltin	From 12 years old, take 2 tablets up to 4 times a day. Ages 3 to 12: Take 1 tablet 2-3 times daily	Ulcer of the stomach and duodenum

Antitussives

Reason for use- the presence of intense dry cough, which most often occurs at the beginning of the inflammatory process.

Antitussive mixture

Antiviral

They are used if the exacerbation of the disease occurred against the background of influenza or SARS.

An antiviral agent that can be taken by both adults and children, observing dosages

Hormonal

If the use of bronchodilators and mucolytics does not help alleviate the condition, the following hormonal drugs are prescribed for chronic bronchitis:

Before taking, carefully read the instructions, there may be contraindications

Treatment with folk remedies

From chronic bronchitis, in addition to drug treatment help get rid of the following folk remedies:

As folk treatment you can use garlic, honey, herbal infusions

Elecampane root infusion. Pour 1 tbsp. l. chopped root 250 ml of water, boil for 15 minutes over low heat, then let it brew for 45 minutes. Use 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals. This recipe has an expectorant effect.
Turnip syrup. The top and core are removed from the turnip. The resulting container is filled with 2–3 tbsp. l. honey, close the lid on top and leave to infuse all night. The syrup should be taken 1 tbsp. l. up to 5 times per day. The tool helps to get rid of dry cough.
Lemon with glycerin. Boil 1 lemon for 5 minutes, then let it cool and mix in a container the juice of half the fruit with 2 tbsp. l. glycerin. Add to the resulting mixture 3 tbsp. l. honey, insist in a dark, cool place for 3-4 hours. Take 1 tbsp. l. 30 minutes before meals 3 times a day. The medicine helps to relieve inflammation and increase sputum discharge.
Black radish. Place the fruit with a tail in a vessel, cut off the top and remove the core. Fill the resulting container with 1 tbsp. l. honey, leave for 2-3 hours. Take 1 tbsp. l. up to 4 times a day for at least 1 week. One of the most the best means, which relieves coughing fits and promotes sputum discharge.
A decoction of pine buds. Pour 250 ml of boiling water 1 tbsp. l. pine buds, steam for half an hour, then let it brew for 20 minutes. Drink 1 tbsp. l. 3 times a day. The decoction helps relieve coughing.
Herbal infusion. Mix 3 tsp. peppermint and coltsfoot with 5 tsp. calendula flowers, pour 3 liters of boiling water, leave for 3 hours. Next, the infusion should be filtered and consumed 150 ml up to 6 times a day for 3 months. The medicine helps to get rid of shortness of breath and eliminate coughing fits.
Sage tea. Pour 250 ml of milk 1 tbsp. l. chopped herbs, bring to a boil, strain and boil again. Drinking a warm infusion before bed will help prevent nighttime coughing spells.
Thyme. Pour 2 tbsp. l. herbs 300 ml hot water and boil for 30 minutes in a water bath. Strain and take 100 ml 3 times a day. The remedy relieves cough and shortness of breath, eliminates chills.
Herbal collection. Mix 1 tbsp. l. crushed coltsfoot, knotweed and black elderberry, pour 300 ml of boiling water, leave for 2 hours. Drink a warm collection to alleviate coughing fits.
Plantain. Steam 350 ml of boiling water 15 g of crushed plantain leaves, let it brew for 2 hours. Take 3 times a day at regular intervals, 150 ml. The remedy is used in the treatment of dry cough.

At simultaneous reception medicines and use non-traditional methods it is important to ensure that the interval between doses different means was less than 1 hour.

Physiotherapy

To speed up the healing process, a number of physiotherapeutic procedures are used, which include:

UHF. The procedure consists in the impact of an electromagnetic field of ultrahigh frequency on the respiratory organs.
Ultrasound. The use of high-frequency vibrations of the particles of the medium, which have a resolving, anti-edematous and anti-inflammatory effect.
Inhalations. Conducted in the hospital and at home. Effective Recipe- combine 2 ml of 0.1% solutions of adrenaline, atropine and diphenhydramine, pour the resulting mixture into an inhaler and spray 2-3 times a day. The duration of this method is up to 3 months.
Electrophoresis. In the chronic form of the disease, a solution of calcium chloride or potassium iodide is used for electrophoresis.
– modern method treatment, the essence of which is being in a room with the most favorable level of humidity and temperature. At the same time, the air is saturated saline solutions. This technique helps to reduce the use of drugs and reduces the risk of remissions.

The essence of the method is to be in a salt room

Properly selected therapy for chronic bronchitis will help get rid of the infection, eliminate swelling and inflammation in the respiratory system, improve sputum output, which will lead to the normalization of the patient's condition as a whole. To reduce the number of relapses, avoid hypothermia, stop smoking, eat a balanced diet and take time to exercise.