How many times should I get the measles vaccination? Measles vaccination - vaccines, immunization rules, reactions and complications. Why measles vaccination is necessary - video

All parents who decide to vaccinate their children should remember the following: measles is quite serious infection, accompanied by a change of several periods of illness, lasts a long time (this is not the flu, where you can already recover in three to five days) and has a number of severe complications. In addition, measles is highly contagious, and virtually everyone who is exposed to the virus and is not immune gets sick. On the other hand, we have specific vaccine prevention, which is much more effective than, for example, flu vaccine prevention.

Who is most at risk severe course measles?

Children under 5 years old;

Adults over 20 years of age;

Pregnant women;

People with any immunodeficiency conditions.

The measles vaccination program in the world began in 1963, in our country - a little later, in 1968. Before the introduction of immunization programs in the United States, 3 to 4 million people a year suffered from measles, up to 500 (!) patients died, and approximately 1000 developed encephalitis. Wide Application vaccines led to a 99% reduction in measles cases in the United States and finally, in September 2016, the WHO Pan American Organization announced that the North and South America are the first regions in the world to eliminate measles.

However, measles has remained in other countries, and therefore its potential import anywhere is possible, and if this happens, then in countries with low level vaccinations, like ours, give impetus to the development of the epidemic.

Measles vaccination is included in our Vaccination Calendar; it is given at 1 year of age and again at 6 years of age. If according to various reasons vaccination has not been done, it is given to children at any age, preferably twice ( On the first injection, antibodies are formed in 85-93% of people, on the second - in 97%) with an interval between vaccinations of at least 28 days.

In order to reliably find out whether a person has antibodies against measles or not (he can have the disease at a subclinical level and not know about it), it is necessary to do an appropriate blood test (anti-measles IgG).

If this analysis is not available or it is not possible to do it, acceptable The criteria for considering a person immune to the disease are the following:

Notes on scheduled vaccination in full (twice) according to the calendar (or outside it) in the medical documentation (unfortunately, in our country this recommendation may not always be reliable due to the unscrupulousness of some medical workers);

LABORATORY confirmation of a history of measles;

People born before 1957.

Students after graduating from school without proof of immunity against measles.
People born during or after 1957 who do not have proof of immunity (presence of antibodies). They need to get at least one dose of the vaccine.

According to our calendar, adults are vaccinated up to the age of 30 if they do not have immunity.

If international travel is planned, especially to countries with a high prevalence of measles, vaccination is recommended starting at six months of age (from 6 to 11 months - once).

EMERGENCY vaccine prophylaxis is indicated for non-immune children during the first 3 days after contact with a person with measles.

For whom is vaccination contraindicated?

People with life threatening an allergic reaction to neomycin or another component of the vaccine that occurred during the initial administration;

If a person is sick at the time of vaccination, it should be postponed until he recovers;

Pregnant women; In addition, after vaccination, pregnancy must be avoided for 4 weeks after vaccination.

The doctor should also be informed of the following:

The presence of any immunodeficiency condition, including cancer, taking chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy;

The patient has received any vaccine within the last 4 weeks;

Recent receipt of blood products;

History of decreased platelet levels.

All of these latter provisions may be reasons to refuse or delay vaccination.

Usually available in our country combination vaccines with a measles component (together with rubella and mumps) - PDA.

The same vaccines are used for adults as for children.

In conclusion, I want to say that vaccination may be accompanied by certain reactions, since a live weakened strain is used, moreover, sometimes vaccinated people can get sick (see above the percentage of antibody formation), but this cannot be compared with true disease. Back in early December, I wrote that, according to many clinical signs, this outbreak will be severe.

Therefore, it is better not to panic, discuss with your doctors individually the advisability of vaccination and consult a doctor in a timely manner if your body temperature rises to 38 degrees or higher in order to make a timely diagnosis. This is especially true for unvaccinated people and those in risk groups.

Which annually claims hundreds of thousands of lives around the world. Only the measles vaccination can help protect against this serious disease. Let’s take a closer look at how long vaccination lasts, how long the body’s resistance to measles lasts, and what this disease actually is.

Measles

An RNA virus is considered the causative agent of the disease. In general, measles is considered more of a childhood disease, but if an unvaccinated adult becomes infected with the virus, the course of the disease for him is most severe. complex form, leaving behind various complications. The virus spreads when the patient coughs, sneezes with particles of mucus, or when talking with saliva. Infected person becomes contagious even when he himself does not feel the symptoms of the disease, that is, in incubation period. The only protection is the measles vaccination. How long it acts in the body is a question that interests many. You are guaranteed to be protected for 10-12 years, as doctors say.

If the virus has entered an unprotected body, the patient begins to notice symptoms that are more typical of many respiratory diseases:

fever (temperature up to 40 degrees);
sore throat, sore throat;
dry cough, runny nose;
weakness, malaise;
headache.

TO specific signs measles symptoms include the following:

conjunctivitis and photophobia;
severe swelling of the eyelids;
rashes on the mucous membranes of the cheeks appear on the second day (small whitish spots like grains of semolina, which disappear after a day);
on the 4-5th day - a rash on the skin, first it appears on the face, then spreads down throughout the body.

Possible complications of measles

Vaccination against measles will save you from the disease. As long as it works, the body will be protected from infection. In unvaccinated children, and even more often in adults, measles causes serious complications:

measles or bacterial infection often causes pneumonia;
bronchitis;
sinusitis;
keratitis (every 5th patient loses vision);
meningitis and meningoencephalitis;
otitis and eustachitis (later - hearing loss);
pyelonephritis.

There is no effective treatment for measles antiviral treatment. Only vaccination carried out in advance can save a person! In 0.6% of cases, measles is complicated by brain damage (encephalitis), and 25% of patients die.

When to vaccinate

In Russia, vaccination against measles has been introduced into the scheduled vaccination calendar. A child is vaccinated at the age of 1-1.3 years. Revaccination is carried out at 6 years of age.

Due to the fact that the growth of the disease in 2014 in Russia led to severe consequences among the adult population, it was decided to vaccinate the population. According to the national program, free measles vaccination is introduced up to the age of 35. How long does the drug last? The immunity of a vaccinated person is on average resistant to the disease for up to 12 years (sometimes longer).

What should people over 35 do? Vaccination is carried out to everyone, but on a paid basis. The monovaccine is administered twice with a three-month interval. If you once received one vaccine, you need to get vaccinated again. Revaccination is not carried out for adults.

Emergency immunization

Regardless of the vaccination calendar and schedule, emergency immunization is carried out in the following cases:

In the source of infection, all persons in contact with the patient are vaccinated within three days (free of charge). Unvaccinated children over one year of age are included.
For a newborn, if anti-measles antibodies are not detected in the mother’s blood. The baby is re-vaccinated at eight months, and then according to the calendar.
When traveling abroad, a measles vaccination must be done one month before departure. Special attention those traveling to Georgia, Thailand, Ukraine, where over the past 3 years many cases of measles have been recorded with fatal. Field services know how long the measles vaccination lasts. Vaccination will be noted in your documents, and this will allow you to travel abroad without fear for many years.
Unvaccinated women who are planning a pregnancy, since during pregnancy, measles is very dangerous for the fetus.
Persons from 15 to 35 years old who do not have proof of vaccination and if they are in risk groups (teachers, health workers, students).

Where is the vaccine given?

When administering the measles vaccine, you must follow some rules that every physician must know about, as well as how long the measles vaccine lasts.

For children, the drug in an amount of 0.5 ml is injected into the subscapular region or just below the middle third outer surface shoulder

For adults, the vaccine is injected into the muscle or subcutaneously into the upper third of the shoulder. The drug is not recommended to be administered into the gluteal region due to an excess of subcutaneous fat. Intradermal contact is also undesirable. Injection into a vein is strictly contraindicated!

Vaccination of both children and adults should always be carried out with written consent. If there is a refusal to vaccinate, it must also be made in writing. The waiver must be renewed annually.

How long does the measles vaccine last?

So, for how long after a measles vaccination is our immunity strong against this terrible disease? If we talk about adults, the average validity period lasts 12-13 years. There are cases where a period of 10 years is indicated. If we delve into this issue more deeply, it is worth saying that everything is individual. “Post-vaccination immunity” (there is such a concept) can be different for each individual, for some it will be 10 years, for others 13 or even more. There was a recorded case where a patient showed antibodies to measles already 25 years after vaccination.

It is also important to understand that if you are vaccinated, this will not provide a 100% guarantee of protection. According to the vaccine developers themselves, you simply have a much higher chance of not getting sick than those who are not vaccinated.

How long does it take for the measles vaccine to take effect? This happens as soon as your body forms immunity (antibodies) to the disease. On average, this occurs after 2-4 weeks after vaccination. Each case is individual.

Measles vaccination contraindications

We have found out how long the measles vaccine lasts in adults; now we will figure out which ones exist. The most serious ones include the following:

It is not recommended to administer the vaccine to pregnant women. If there is a need, it is necessary to consult with specialists.
Vaccination is contraindicated for patients with AIDS, HIV, as well as those who have diseases that affect Bone marrow or the lymphatic system.
You should not get vaccinated if you this moment you have an aggravation of any of your chronic diseases.
If you have general ailments or diseases, also postpone vaccination.
Vaccination is also contraindicated if it has previously caused complications for you.
Be sure to check with your doctor to see if the medications you are taking are compatible with this vaccine.
Allergy to egg white.
Malignant neoplasms.
Antibiotic intolerance.

Common effects of measles vaccination in adults

Adults begin to feel the effects of vaccination on the first day. May occur painful sensations at the injection site, redness of the skin, some compaction. Similar symptoms are common with other types of vaccination, for example, against hepatitis B.

Further, depending on your immunity, often on the fifth, and for some on the tenth day, lethargy, fatigue, and body temperature rise. This counts normal occurrence, because your body begins to produce antibodies to measles. You need to inform your doctor about your condition, he will competently explain the cause of the ailment and fill you in on how long the measles vaccine is valid. These are the main consequences of the measles vaccine that all normal, healthy people experience.

Side effects of vaccination

In rare cases there are adverse reactions to the vaccine, some can be classified as severe. You can’t do this without the help of doctors. They may be as follows:

A toxic reaction can occur 6-11 days after vaccination. The temperature rises, a sore throat occurs, intoxication occurs, and a rash appears. The period may last five days, but it should be distinguished from any infectious diseases.
Convulsive or encephalic reaction. Heat and the manifestation of seizures. Most pediatricians do not classify these symptoms as severe complications.
Post-vaccination encephalitis. Symptoms resemble those of other infections: dizziness, headaches, nausea, confusion, agitation, convulsions, neurological symptoms.
Allergic reactions to vaccine components. Quincke's edema. Hives. Joint pain.
Exacerbation allergic diseases. Bronchial asthma.
Anaphylactic shock.
Pneumonia.
Myocarditis.
Meningitis.

After all of the above, many may have the impression that vaccination is dangerous. But that's not true. Many side reactions are formulated purely theoretically. For example, a complication in the form of encephalitis can occur once in a million. If measles occurs, the risk of complications increases thousands of times.

How long does it take for the measles vaccine to take effect? As soon as antibodies are formed in the body (from 2 to 4 weeks). If during this time you do not feel any side effects in your body, going to the doctor is not necessary.

Treatment of complications after vaccination

How long does the measles vaccine last? For a long time (from 10 to 13 years) you will be protected from the disease. It is worth considering that the body’s reactions, even if they occur, pass quickly, after a few days, but complications after the disease itself can be disastrous, even fatal.

If any negative reactions, consult a doctor.
Symptomatic medications will help to cope with the consequences: antiallergic, antipyretic.
If the complication is severe, it is better to treat it in a hospital. The doctor will prescribe you corticosteroid hormones.
If bacterial complications arise, antibiotics will help to cope with them.

Types of vaccines

Measles vaccine is made from live but very weakened measles viruses. In medicine, both single vaccines (for measles) and combined ones (for measles, mumps and rubella) are used. The vaccine virus itself is not capable of causing the disease in the body; it only promotes the production of measles-specific antibodies. Peculiarity :

To prevent the drug from losing its potency, it should be stored at a temperature no higher than +4 degrees.
Unused vaccine is destroyed according to special rules.
The composition includes egg white and antibiotics. This may cause some people to allergic reactions.

In Russian clinics, domestically produced drugs are used for vaccination - mumps-measles vaccine and measles monovaccine. Single vaccines have fewer adverse reactions.

We found out how long it takes for the measles vaccine to work, what types of side effects, contraindications. Well, now let’s talk about how to prepare for vaccination so that vaccination is as successful as possible.

What's the best way to get vaccinated?

You need to come for vaccination absolutely healthy, without any signs or manifestations of ARVI.
Before vaccination, ideally you will visit a doctor and undergo all general tests.
After the vaccine is administered, avoid visiting crowded places for three days to avoid contracting any foreign virus.
Is it possible to swim? Yes, but do not rub the injection site. It's better to take a shower rather than a bath.
After vaccination, you should not introduce any new foods or dishes into your diet, so as not to provoke allergic reactions.

How long does the measles vaccine last? For more than ten years in your life you can be calm. A terrible disease is unlikely to affect the body, because thanks to vaccination you have developed a strong immunity to measles.

Measles is an infectious disease that is transmitted by airborne droplets. A child who has not been vaccinated will get sick with a 100% probability if he comes into contact with an infected person. Such a percentage of susceptibility is not observed in almost any other diseases.

Measles in children occurs in acute form, especially between the ages of 2 and 5 years. The disease virus enters the body through Airways, and then spreads through the bloodstream. With this disease, the mucous membranes of the eyes, oral cavity and respiratory organs are mainly affected, a characteristic rash, conjunctivitis appears, and the temperature rises.

Causes of measles

The cause of the spread of infection is always the sick person. The virus enters the air through droplets of saliva released when coughing, sneezing or talking, and then “moves” into the respiratory tract of a nearby child. The patient is considered contagious during the last two days of the incubation period of the virus and up to the 4th day of the rash.

Measles is extremely rare in children under one year of age, because they still have little contact with the outside world and strangers. In addition, newborns are protected by maternal antibodies. In infants, the disease may not proceed quite normally and may be characterized by the following symptoms: lack of fever, slight runny nose, slight redness in the mouth.

At the same time, infants in the first year of life may experience complications that are more severe than measles itself and primarily affect the respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Children who have recovered from the disease remain immune to the disease until the end of their lives. If the mother has had measles in the past, the child will be resistant to the disease until the age of 3 months. It is this period of time that maternal antibodies are contained in the child’s blood. Also, after vaccinations, immunity develops and the child will be protected from measles.

Symptoms and stages of the disease

Measles – insidious disease, developing in stages. In the first days, the disease may not manifest itself at all, the children remain cheerful and playful. The virus spreading throughout the child’s body is still completely invisible to the sensitive eyes of parents. This is the insidiousness of the very first period of the disease, and there are four of them in total.

1. Incubation period

This is the time period that begins at the moment of infection and continues until the first signs of the disease appear. It is generally accepted that this period in children is 7-14 days. On at this stage the virus multiplies “quietly” in the body, there are no symptoms of measles, and the child is not bothered by anything at all. In this case, the baby becomes infectious to others only in the last 5 days of the incubation period.

2. Catarrhal period

During this period, the child develops symptoms that strongly resemble a cold:

general malaise, weakness, lack of appetite;
increase in body temperature up to 40°C;
headache;
dry cough;
runny nose and hoarse voice;
increased lacrimation, swelling and redness of the eyelids, conjunctivitis ();
abdominal pain and loose stools;
runny nose with purulent mucous discharge from the nose;
lacrimation, photophobia;
Infants may experience a decrease in body weight.

Documentary

The catarrhal period of the disease lasts no more than four days, during which all the symptoms of measles gradually turn into more severe forms. At that moment when all manifestations reach their greatest high performance, a rash begins to appear.

3. Period of rash

As already noted, the rash appears at the peak of all signs of the disease. Spots of a dark red hue appear primarily on the head. Gradually growing and merging with each other, they form large foci of rashes. It is for this reason that the child’s face swells, and the lips become dry and often crack.

On the second day of this period The rash begins to appear on the arms and upper torso. The third day is characterized by the appearance of rashes all over the child’s body. The duration of the entire period is 4 days.

The period of rash is characterized by a decrease in body temperature, weakening of the cough and the appearance of appetite. The child becomes mobile and active. About a week after the onset of the rash, catarrhal symptoms disappear completely.

4. Pigmentation stage

The rash leaves behind dark spots, the appearance of which occurs in the same sequence: first on the face, then throughout the body. These spots gradually begin to peel off and eventually disappear completely.

At the pigmentation stage, the child’s condition gradually returns to normal, sleep and appetite are completely restored, and body temperature does not exceed normal values.

Non-standard forms of measles

If a child gets measles, you will not always be able to notice the development of this disease. Measles may not occur as usual, but in a different form. Such forms of the disease are usually called atypical.

Mitigated form

Children who have been in contact with an infected child receive immunoglobulin for prevention. Such kids big picture the disease becomes blurred:

the incubation period lasts 21 days;
V catarrhal period noted slight cough and runny nose;
all periods of the disease, except incubation, are reduced;
the rashes are not abundant and appear without observing stages;
there are no characteristic spots on the cheeks;
pigmentation is less dark.

Abortion measles

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With such an atypical form, all signs of the disease appear standard scheme. But after about 2-3 days, all symptoms of the disease suddenly disappear. The rash concentrates on the face and upper torso.

Erased form

This form of measles is very similar to mitigated measles. Here, catarrhal signs of the disease are also insignificant. However, unlike the mitigated form, the erased form is characterized by the absence of a rash. This factor greatly impedes making a correct diagnosis.

Reminder - Beware Measles!

Diagnosis of the disease

Often the disease can be recognized only by external manifestations difficult or even impossible. This is especially true for atypical forms of the disease. In addition, the first signs of measles strongly resemble a cold, which can mislead anyone.

To make a reliable diagnosis, your child must be sent for the following types of laboratory tests:

general blood analysis;
general urine analysis;
serology (detection of antibodies to the measles virus in the blood);
detection of measles virus in the blood.

Additionally, the child may be sent for an x-ray chest, and in the presence of complications from nervous system- for electroencephalography.

In most cases, with the standard development of the disease, making a diagnosis does not cause difficulties and laboratory research turn out to be simply redundant.

Treatment

There are no special treatments for measles; the body will cope with the infection on its own. Treatment here is symptomatic, which will alleviate general state sick child:

antipyretic drugs for elevated temperature bodies;
cough medicines depending on its type (different medicines are used for wet and dry);
remedies for runny nose and sore throat;
drink plenty of fluids and stay in bed.

During illness, it is also important to provide the child with the necessary vitamin complexes to maintain immunity, and lubricate chapped lips with Vaseline.

Symptomatic treatment is carried out at home under the supervision of a pediatrician. The child is admitted to the hospital department if complications begin to develop. If there are complications, therapy is supplemented with antibacterial drugs.

Complications of the disease

Complications usually develop in children under 5 years of age or in adults over 20. The most common of them:

otitis;
laryngitis;
stomatitis;
encephalitis;
inflammation of the lymph nodes in the neck;
bronchopneumonia.

Complications that occur in young children can hardly be called a rare occurrence. That is why the baby needs to be treated under the strict supervision of a local pediatrician. Ideally, the doctor will visit your child at least once every three days.

Why do such consequences occur? Everything is very simple. The measles virus can suppress the immunity of a small patient, and this is an excellent circumstance for the bacteria surrounding the child. They are provided with “free entry” into the baby’s body, and they are not slow to take advantage of this. Depending on the type of bacteria that enters the child’s body, not only the complications listed above may occur. It is quite possible that there may be upset stool, conjunctivitis, and even problems with the central nervous system.

The baby’s immunity decreases at the rash stage and may not recover earlier than in a month. Therefore, during treatment it is important to follow the basic hygiene procedures, and do not stop seeing a doctor even after recovery.

Prevention

The first step in preventing the disease is limiting contact with sick children. A child with signs of this infection should be isolated from other (not sick) children for the entire period when he is contagious. The patient's room should be regularly ventilated and needs wet cleaning.

Children who have been in contact with the patient are given a special immunoglobulin in the first 5 days after contact, which helps them not get sick. This measure is taken in relation to children who have not previously been vaccinated.

It is important to know! Immunoglobulin is administered only to children with weakened immune systems and under the age of three years.

But the most reliable assistant in preventing measles is vaccination.

Video: how to protect yourself and children from measles

Graft

We have already said that the vaccine is the most effective method in the prevention of measles. Vaccination is an artificial infection with a virus. But its concentration is so low that the child’s body copes with the infection on its own and at the same time produces protective antibodies.

After vaccination it is possible:

the appearance of conjunctivitis;
small rash on the body.

All this is completely safe and goes away in 2-3 days.

Note! The vaccine is contraindicated in children with weakened immune systems and those with blood or heart diseases. The vaccine is live measles bacteria. A child can be vaccinated only if there are no contraindications.

The first vaccination is carried out in children at the age of one year, revaccination - at 6 years. Then you can hope for a long-term effect, providing your child with protection from the virus for 15 years. Look

Measles is not a pleasant disease. In addition, in young children it is often complicated by other unpleasant diseases that can cause much more harm than measles itself. At the same time, children who have had this disease once acquire lifelong immunity.

Measles vaccination - reliable method prevention of the disease, but it is not a panacea. Before agreeing to vaccination, you must make sure that the child has strong immunity and there are no other contraindications.

According to statistics, half of the registered measles cases occur in adults. This is due to the fact that with age, immunity from the disease is lost. Today, the issue of vaccinating adults against measles is extremely relevant, since several outbreaks of this infection have been registered in Russian regions since 2014.

When do adults need a measles vaccine?

Measles affects unvaccinated people of any age group. If previously this disease was known mainly as a childhood disease, last years it began to “grow up.” There are especially many sick adults in border areas, where the disease is brought from other countries.

Do adults get vaccinated against measles? Since immunity to this virus weakens with age, our country provides for routine vaccination of all people under 35 years of age who did not have measles in childhood and do not have data on vaccinations.

This vaccination is especially relevant for those who were not vaccinated in childhood and did not suffer from this disease.

At risk of infection are people working in clinics, universities, schools and other institutions whose work involves contact with a large number of children and adolescents. As part of routine vaccination or if contact with a sick person is suspected, vaccination is given free of charge. People over 35 years old pay for the service.

Where can an adult get a measles vaccination? Vaccination is carried out in a clinic or private medical facility.

How do you know if you need to get vaccinated against measles? If you do not have documents about the vaccination and are unsure about the advisability of getting it, you can donate blood to check for antibodies to the virus. If there is a sufficient titer of protective cells in the blood, there is no need for vaccination. However, even if the vaccination is done unnecessarily, it is not dangerous and has no health consequences. Existing protective bodies will destroy the administered vaccine.

Which measles vaccine is best for adults?

When vaccinating adults, mono- and combined vaccines can be used.

For adults, it is better to use the live measles vaccine (LMV). If the budget does not include extra money for the vaccine, then good choice There will be a Russian-made mono-vaccine.

Measles vaccination schedule for adults

For preventive purposes, vaccination of adults has the following scheme:

Vaccination against measles includes two stages.
The second vaccination is given 3 months after the first.
Revaccination is carried out 10 years after checking the titer of antibodies to measles. If there is no immunity to the disease, then the vaccination must be repeated.

Important! People under 25 years of age who have been in contact with a sick person need to be vaccinated no later than three days after contact. The likelihood of the disease is high in those who have not had measles and have not been vaccinated or have been vaccinated once.

Measles vaccination: what adults need to remember

Any vaccinations are given during the period of remission of diseases.
It is advisable to vaccinate while taking antihistamines.
For people with allergies, vaccination must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor in a medical institution where it is possible to provide all the necessary emergency measures.

Almost all contraindications to vaccination are temporary and after they are eliminated, you can be vaccinated. The absolute medical outlets are:

allergic reactions;
AIDS;
oncological diseases.

If you're unsure whether an adult should get the measles vaccine, here are some facts about the disease:

For an unvaccinated person, the probability of infection reaches almost 100%.
In adults, the disease is more severe than in children: there is sleep disturbance, vomiting, a profuse rash, and all lymph nodes become enlarged.
The duration of the disease in an adult is longer than in a child.
Measles encephalitis develops in adults 5-10 times more often than in children.
Complications after vaccination are rare.

Today there is a widespread belief that vaccinations are only needed in childhood. This is not true: the need for vaccination does not end at age 18. Experience shows that some vaccines, including measles, do not provide a person with immunity for life and need to be repeated.

Lyubov Maslikhova, general practitioner, especially for the site

Measles – most dangerous infection. It most often affects children under 5 years of age. You can become infected with a “childhood disease” at any age. Measles is especially dangerous for pregnant women and people with chronic pathologies.

And the probability of infection upon contact with a patient is 100%. In our country there is an annual increase in incidence. Therefore, doctors advise adults to do it without fail.

Mechanism of action and names of measles vaccines

The measles virus is very mobile and easily travels long distances. It is transmitted through the air or directly through contact with a sick person. First, the nasopharynx becomes infected, and then the entire body.

Only vaccination can prevent infection. Measles immunization has been carried out around the world for more than 50 years. How does it work ?

Once inside, the measles virus induces a cellular immune response: the body immediately begins an “attack” on the hostile protein material, producing specific antibodies that eventually neutralize the virus, remaining in the blood for many years. There are monovalent (contain one type of antigen) or combined drugs (for several infections).

Measles immunization is carried out with live vaccines. This means that the virus in their composition is weakened in a special way (but not killed). Thus, it cannot infect the body, but is able to induce in it the amount of antibodies necessary for lasting immunity.

Live vaccines have their advantages:

a small dose of antigens is required, since vaccine viruses independently replicate in the body;
1 dose is enough to form protective immunity;
do not contain adjuvants;
less .

The following are licensed and used in our country:

(Russia). Protection guaranteed for 18 months;
Divaccine( . This is a domestic development. Recommended for revaccination for the adult population;
Priorix– 3-component drug (measles, ). British remedy. Made in Belgium. High degree cleaning determines low radiotogenicity;
Ruwax(France). Single drug. The effect of the injection lasts up to 20 years;
MMR II– 3-valent vaccine (). For routine and emergency immunization.

If simultaneous injections are expected, then the procedure is carried out with different syringes and in various areas bodies. When the injections are given more than once, the time interval between the live measles vaccine and the inactivated antihepatitis drug can be any.

How to vaccinate an adult against measles in a clinic?

Vaccines used in public clinics are usually domestically produced. More often these are single drugs, sometimes they are Divaccine. If the decision to immunize has been made, you should first contact treatment room local clinics.

There you will learn about the vaccination schedule. This is followed by a mandatory visit to a therapist.

After studying your medical history and performing an examination, the doctor will either make a positive decision for immunization or suggest additional examination. An ECG or x-ray may be needed.

All necessary procedures and tests must be carried out. If you have allergic reactions, notify your doctor. This is the only way to avoid negative post-injection symptoms. An important condition is to be healthy at the time of vaccination.

Mumps-measles vaccine (Divaccine)

Vaccination can be done in private clinics. Nowadays there are more and more such hospitals, so when choosing, you should definitely find out whether the commercial medical institution has a license to carry out such practices. Among the advantages of such vaccination is the procedure at home.

IN major cities There are special immunological centers where vaccination is carried out by accredited specialized specialists.

How much do measles vaccines cost: price in pharmacies

IN public clinics Measles vaccination is free. It makes sense to buy drugs at a pharmacy if you decide to do paid immunization.

The cost of vaccines varies slightly by region of the country and is (rub/dose):

Cultured measles vaccine – 475-520;
Divaccine (measles, mumps) 300-400;
Priorix – 1000;
Ruvax – 500;
MMR II – 600.

To the cost of one injection, the price for a mandatory medical examination should be added. IN paid clinic it (depending on the region and the pricing policy of the institution) will vary from 600 to 1000 rubles.

Is it possible to bathe and drink alcohol after vaccination?

Correct patient behavior after injection - important condition to exclude possible complications. Concerning water procedures after measles vaccination, they are not prohibited.

The main rule is pure water. For this reason, it is better not to swim in bodies of water for the first days after the procedure to avoid the risk of infection of the wound. Can I drink alcohol? To date, no negative connection between vaccination and alcohol has been established.

To help the body cope with the virus, do not weaken it by drinking alcohol.

Video on the topic

Should adults be vaccinated against measles? Doctor Komarovsky answers:

In recent years, our country has seen an unstable epidemiological picture. Therefore, measles vaccination for adults is required rather than recommended. The vaccines used are safe.

Choose domestic or imported drugs, they are equally effective. Do not be afraid of vaccination, it is not scary for an adult body. It would be much sadder to get seriously ill with measles and regret the missed opportunity to get vaccinated.