Most common lung disease Signs and symptoms of lung disease Lungs and their diseases

Lung disease is a common occurrence diagnosed for last years. Due to the large number of varieties and similar symptoms, it is very difficult for a non-professional to determine what may be due bad feeling and pain.

Only an experienced doctor knows exactly what lung diseases are and how to treat them correctly.

A huge number of types of diseases

The list of the most common lung diseases in humans is as follows:

All these diseases associated with the lungs manifest themselves in a rather acute form, and if not timely treatment may lead to serious consequences concerning both the state of health and the life of the sick person.

Forms of manifestation of chronic lung diseases are very dangerous. These diseases include:

Tracheobronchial dyskinesia;
Forms of pneumonia;
Chronic cor pulmonale;
Polycystic;
Asthma;
Bruton's disease;
Syndrome of Cartagena.

Pneumonia, also called pneumonia, develops due to the inflammatory process due to the ingress of various kinds of infection: from fungal to viral. In addition, one of the possible causative agents can be Chemical substance that is inhaled into the body. The disease spreads throughout the organ, or is able to "lurk" only in a certain part.

Another common abnormalities in the work of the lungs are diseases, the names of which are pleurisy and bronchitis.

The first is associated with swelling of the pleura or an inflammatory process in it (the outer membrane that “envelops” the lungs). Pleurisy can occur due to an infection or injury that affects the chest area. This disease can be the beginning of the development of a malignant tumor.

Bronchitis is diagnosed in 2 types: chronic and acute forms of manifestation. The cause of the latter is inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. The disease is especially common among the elderly and young children. become infected Airways due to allergies, by inhalation of chemically contaminated air.

Bronchial asthma most often manifests itself in the form of coughing attacks or painful suffocation of a periodic nature. While an attack occurs, the bronchi and the entire chest are sharply narrowed, which makes breathing difficult. At the same time, the mucous membrane swells, epithelial cilia do not perform their main functions, which leads to improper functioning of the lungs.

Common dangerous lung diseases are asphyxia and silicosis.

The first one is called oxygen starvation arising due to negative external influences that directly affect the respiratory process. Squeezing disease appears, various injuries neck or chest, pathological abnormalities in the larynx, with violations of the muscles responsible for breathing.

Silicosis is a disease that is common among people of certain professions associated with the implementation of activities in an environment where there is a lot of dust, particles of which contain silicon dioxide. Danger zones- objects under construction, mines, metallurgical industry,

The causative agent of such a disease as tuberculosis is mycobacterium. It is transmitted by the carrier through the air and through saliva. The main manifestations are directly related to the general health of the patient, as well as how many pathogens have got. Emphysema is characterized by the separation of the walls located between the alveoli, due to which they significantly increase in volume.

The consequence of this is that the lungs grow, all passages narrow, and the structure of the organ becomes loose and flabby. Such damage reduces the level of exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide to critical levels. It becomes difficult for the patient to breathe.

The most dangerous of lung diseases is cancer, ending, in most cases, fatal. There is a chance for a cure in those people who started the course of therapy even before the main manifestation of symptoms. However, the whole problem lies in the fact that cancer is the most difficult disease to recognize.

In medicine, symptoms have not yet been identified that would definitely indicate a terrible diagnosis. It is generally accepted that you should immediately go to the hospital with a strong cough, pain in the chest and the presence of blood in the expectorant secretions.

Consequences for the human body

The lungs are a fairly complex organ, consisting of important elements respiratory tract. The bronchi, as well as the trachea, can be vulnerable if a person suffers from any of the possible diseases associated with the lungs.

The list of diseases associated with the occurrence of the inflammatory process and purulent discharge, can be combined into a whole category purulent diseases lungs:

Suppurative lung diseases are represented by the following list:

Empyema of the outer membrane of the lungs;
Destruction infectious in acute form;
Gangrenous abscess of an organ (acute form);
Gangrene of a common nature;
Chronic abscess;
Purulent abscess in acute form.

The list of lung diseases is quite extensive; there is currently no clear classification. All violations are distinguished on the basis of the impact on certain organs or tissues, as well as on the source of occurrence.

Nonspecific lung diseases include:

Chronical bronchitis;
Some specialists include bronchial asthma in this group;
Chronic abscess;
Pneumonia;
obstructive emphysema;
Pneumofibrosis.

If we talk about the impact on the respiratory tract and the negative impact on them, then we can distinguish quite a lot dangerous diseases. First of all, it is asthma, which is characterized by frequent spasms, causing severe shortness of breath and difficulty breathing.

The disease can be in a person from birth, and also as a complication after an allergy, the possibility of occurrence from a negative impact is not excluded. environment.

Obstructive pulmonary disease of a chronic type is characterized by a constant tormenting cough. From birth, a child may develop cystic fibrosis, in which infections in the body periodically recur due to excessive accumulation of mucus in the bronchi. Acute bronchitis and emphysema adversely affect the respiratory tract.

Diseases that negatively affect the alveoli are pneumonia, tuberculosis, emphysema, cancer. Plus, pulmonary edema, characterized by loss of lung fluid from the smallest blood vessels. This category also includes acute respiratory distress syndrome, causing irreparable damage to the main respiratory organ.

It is imperative to ventilate the lungs until the patient can recover. Another disease in this group is pneumoconiosis, which occurs as a result of inhalation of dangerous substances that can cause any kind of organ damage. It can be cement or coal dust, asbestos, and more. others

lung diseases that cause bad influence on the vessels - pulmonary embolism and hypertension. The first is the result of vein thrombosis lower extremities. Blood clots present in the pulmonary arteries can cause lack of oxygen and shortness of breath. Hypertension is high blood pressure in the arteries of the lung. Most often, the patient feels severe chest pain and shortness of breath.

Lung diseases and their symptoms

Human lung diseases are combined, in most cases, common symptoms, which appear in frequent cough, shortness of breath, pain in the chest and bleeding, in addition, respiratory failure was noticed.

Often diagnosed fungal diseases lungs, the symptoms of which are as follows:

Cough that is markedly different from that of colds;
A large amount of sputum, the discharge of which delivers sharp pain in the area of the lungs;
severe weakness;
Decreased activity;
Strong craving for sleep.

Signs of a lung disease such as pneumonia are pronounced and are accompanied by temperature changes, coughing and difficulty breathing. The patient feels exhausted, anxious, complains of pain in the chest.

Emphysema symptoms appear as early as late stages when the lungs are severely damaged. Body weight decreases, the skin turns red, significant effort is required to exhale, and the chest becomes like a “barrel”.

Cancer is almost impossible to diagnose on initial stages. Therefore, in case of any deviations from the norm, it is required not to postpone the visit to the hospital. Signs of this lung disease in women are similar, in the early stages, to the common cold. Therefore, many do not pay attention to their malaise and the gradual deterioration of the body.

Allocate the following symptoms:

blood in sputum;
unexplained weight loss;
"Whistling" from the chest when exhaling;
Pain while coughing;
Dyspnea.

Signs of lung disease - cancer - in men are fever, frequent illnesses viral nature, severe cough and upset heart rate.

Lung diseases and their symptoms are similar to each other in initial manifestations, but the effect is on completely opposite parts of the respiratory tract. Asthma can damage lung tissue.

You can determine the disease by noisy breathing, coughing, "bluish" skin, frequent sneezing. Bronchitis in acute form is manifested by a strong nocturnal cough, causing acute pain. At chronic stage the symptom becomes more frequent, mucus is secreted, the body swells, the skin tone approaches blue.

Pleurisy is different severe pain breathing and chest movements.

Tuberculosis is considered dangerous in terms of manifestation of symptoms, since the patient usually does not complain of any pain or cough. Only with time it becomes noticeable that a person is losing weight dramatically, sweating, he is constantly drawn to sleep, and the body temperature rises.

More about lung diseases

The lungs are paired organ located in the chest cavity and performing a number of functions.

The main task of the lungs is gas exchange. In the alveoli, carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged between the inhaled air and venous blood.

This is a vital function, in violation of which acute or chronic hypoxia occurs, and when breathing stops, clinical and then biological death quickly develops.

Also, the lungs are the place that is in direct contact with external environment, and hence all pathogenic agents transmitted by airborne droplets.

Given the importance for the body as a whole, lung diseases and their symptoms are extremely important points requiring the fastest and most effective treatment.

All pulmonary pathologies are divided into several groups:

congenital diseases.
- Dysplasia - malformations. These include: absence or underdevelopment of the lung or bronchial tree, malformations of pulmonary vessels, cystic degeneration, etc.
- Pulmonary symptoms systemic diseases. Bruton's syndrome, cystic fibrosis.
Acquired pathologies.
- Sharp forms
- With damage to the bronchial tree. Bronchitis of bacterial, viral, toxic or thermal origin.
- With damage to lung tissue. Abscess, gangrene of the lungs. Pneumonia of various etiologies.
- Chronic forms
- With damage to the bronchial tree. Chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, bronchiectasis, COPD.
- With damage to lung tissue. Emphysema, pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis.

A distinction is made between benign and malignant diseases. To a greater extent, this applies to tumor processes in the lungs. TO benign tumors include: fibroma, lipoma, adenoma. Malignant neoplasms include lymphoma, sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma.

consequences for the human body. Lung diseases and their symptoms can have a wide variety of consequences for a person. Acute inflammatory pathologies with timely treatment, they most often have a favorable prognosis, both for life and for health. chronic diseases at proper treatment for the most part, they do not pose a threat to human life, but significantly reduce the quality of life.

Benign and malignant diseases, as well as massive purulent processes (abscess, gangrene), require surgical intervention according to vital indications. Malignant lung diseases and their symptoms are often subtle, which is why they are diagnosed late. Therefore, they often metastasize and have a questionable or poor prognosis. Lung cancer is the most common cause deaths from pulmonary diseases, the second place is occupied by pneumonia.

Can the lungs hurt: the most common symptoms of lung diseases

Can the lungs hurt? By itself, lung tissue does not have pain receptors. This means that with the development of local pathological changes pain does not occur.

But many can say that they definitely felt the feeling of pain in the chest. The bottom line is that the chest cavity is lined by the pleura, which has two sheets - visceral (covering organs, including the lungs) and parietal or parietal - lining the chest from the inside.

The visceral pleura, like the lungs, has no pain receptors, and cannot get sick. However, the parietal pleura has pain endings, and when it is drawn into the pathological process, pain occurs. Therefore, answering the question, “can the lungs hurt?” the answer is no, but adjusted for the fact that pain can occur when the pleura is damaged.

Signs that you have a lung problem. Almost all pulmonary pathologies have quite characteristic clinical manifestations. These include cough (dry and wet), shortness of breath, heaviness and pain in the chest, hemoptysis, etc. Often these symptoms are accompanied by non-specific manifestations - fever, general weakness, drowsiness, loss of appetite.

In what cases should you urgently run to the doctor? Any lung disease is a reason to visit a general practitioner or family doctor. Almost all diseases respiratory system tend to progress. This means that delaying the consultation aggravates the patient's condition and complicates the treatment process. But there are also signs in which to apply for medical care needed immediately. First of all, it is the secretion of sputum with streaks of blood.

In all cases, this is a symptom of serious disorders, and often the first manifestations of pulmonary hemorrhage. Severe dyspnea is also warning sign where you need to see a doctor immediately. Diseases such as bronchial asthma or COPD lead to a narrowing of the bronchial lumen and chronic hypoxia, which has a detrimental effect on the entire body. And an acute attack bronchial asthma is a life-threatening condition. To avoid it, you need to regularly take drugs that only a doctor can correctly prescribe.

Lung diseases and their symptoms: the clinical picture of the most common pathologies

All lung diseases and their symptoms in the initial stages are very similar. For all pathologies without exception, an increase in the frequency of breathing, an increase in the frequency of heart contractions and a violation of the act of inhalation or exit are characteristic.

A specific disease can be identified only by the results of a physical examination (palpation, percussion and auscultation) and laboratory data (general blood and urine analysis, ECG) and instrumental methods research (X-ray, CT scan bronchoscopy). Without additional research an accurate diagnosis cannot be made. The main lung diseases and their symptoms are presented below.

Bronchitis- this is an inflammation of the walls of the bronchial tree with a narrowing of their lumen. Bronchitis can be acute or chronic. They arise or become aggravated, as a rule, in a cold season. Clinical picture includes general malaise, dry cough, which turns into a wet one, which is joined by light or yellowish sputum. With a background weakening of immunity, body temperature can rise to a maximum of 38.5-39 degrees. Without proper treatment, bronchitis can turn into pneumonia.

Alveolitis- a disease that is characterized by massive inflammation of the alveoli and interstitium of the lungs. These lung diseases and their symptoms depend on the specific form - idiopathic, allergic or toxic. Symptoms common to all forms are progressive shortness of breath (mostly during physical exertion), dry cough without sputum, cyanosis, general malaise, and a temperature increase of up to 38 degrees is possible.

- inflammation of the lung tissue is often of infectious origin. At the same time, the alveoli are more involved in the pathological process, into which inflammatory exudate is released. Depending on the degree of damage, pneumonia can be focal, segmental, lobar, confluent and total. From the degree of prevalence, these forms of lung disease and their symptoms also differ in severity and complexity in treatment. The main symptoms are an increase in body temperature over 39 degrees, a strong cough with the release of a large amount of purulent sputum, and when the pleura is drawn into the process, pain in the chest joins. Breathing becomes short, rapid, audible wheezing may occur.

lung abscess- this is a limited area of purulent-destructive process in the tissues of the lungs. It develops with a decrease in immunity or the form of complications of other diseases. The most common causative agent is staphylococci. An abscess can be acute or chronic. With acute development, there is sharp rise body temperature over 39.5 degrees, increased sweating, severe malaise, dry cough and chest pain. In a chronic abscess, chronic hypoxia comes first with cyanosis and purulent sputum, which is released when coughing.

Emphysema is a pathology that manifests itself high content air in the lung tissue and destruction of the alveoli. With it, normal gas exchange does not occur. Most often, it develops against the background of chronic obstructive bronchitis and prolonged smoking. Clinically, emphysema is manifested by severe shortness of breath, cyanosis, chest expansion and bulging of the intercostal spaces and supraclavicular fossa. The chest takes on a characteristic "Barrel Shape".

Pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Koch's bacillus. It can have various forms: disseminated, miliary, infiltrative, limited, cirrhotic, cavernous, etc. This lung disease and its symptoms are not detected for a certain time, only occasionally an unrelated cough may occur. During long-term development, the first to appear non-specific symptoms: general malaise, pallor, apathy, fever up to 37.5 degrees, increased sweating. Very often, regional lymph nodes are enlarged. After some time, there is a cough with clear or yellowish sputum, hemoptysis.

Lung cancer or bronchogenic carcinoma — malignant neoplasm lung tissue, which develops from the epithelium of the walls of the bronchi. May be central or peripheral depending on location. Common manifestations are rapid weight loss, general malaise, subfebrile temperature. This lung disease and its symptoms do not appear immediately. Central cancer gives a clinic much earlier than peripheral.

The first manifestations are progressive shortness of breath, lung collapse, hypoxia. Immediately there is a cough, to which sputum with streaks of blood quickly joins. Often there is pain, as the process quickly affects the pleura. Peripheral cancer is clinically manifested only in the later stages and has similar symptoms, but less severity.

Lung diseases: a list of respiratory diseases.

Today, respiratory diseases are increasingly leading to disability and death.

In terms of the prevalence of diseases of the respiratory system, they already occupy the 3rd place.

Experts attribute this rise to an unfavorable environmental situation and addiction to bad habits.

To understand the source of the pathological process, you need to know what it is main body respiratory system.

The right lung is shorter and larger in volume. It consists of 3 parts. The left one is of two.

The lobes are divided into segments, including the bronchus, artery, and nerve.

The bronchi are the basis of the lungs, which form the bronchial tree.

The main bronchi branch into lobar, then segmental, lobular and terminal bronchioles, ending in alveoli.

The acinus (pulmonary lobule, or alveolus) is entrusted with the main purpose of the respiratory tract - gas exchange.

In addition to the main function of enriching the blood with oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide, the lungs perform a number of other tasks: they protect against environmental influences, participate in the processes of thermoregulation, metabolism, and secretion.

In medicine, a huge number of lung diseases have been described that occur for certain reasons, are characterized by their own symptoms and the development of the disease.

Common factors in the development of chest pathologies

Smoking
hypothermia
Bad ecology
chronic diseases
Weak immunity
Stress and emotional overstrain.

The main manifestations of human respiratory diseases occur immediately.

Symptoms of lung disease

Dyspnea.

Subjective - shortness of breath, which the patient notes. (Thoracic sciatica, flatulence)
Objective - diagnosed by a doctor when breathing parameters change (Emphysema, pleurisy)
Combined. (, bronchogenic lung cancer)

Also distinguished by violation of the phase of breathing:

difficulty in breathing - inspiratory dyspnea;
expiration - expiratory.

Mixed shortness of breath, accompanied by pain, is called suffocation. This is an alarming sign that may indicate pulmonary edema.

Cough is a protective mechanism aimed at removing pathological substances from the respiratory tract.

When sputum is discharged, its microscopic examination is mandatory. The analysis is taken in the morning, after rinsing the mouth.

Coughing can be disturbing for periods or constantly. Periodic is more common.

It accompanies influenza, acute inflammatory diseases, .

Permanent manifests itself in bronchogenic cancer, tuberculosis, inflammation of the larynx and bronchi.

Hemoptysis is the excretion of blood with sputum. Dangerous symptom, which is the cause of serious diseases of the chest: cancer and tuberculosis of the lungs, abscess and gangrene, pulmonary infarction, thrombosis of the branches of the pulmonary artery.

When collecting an anamnesis, the doctor finds out the amount and nature of the blood released to make the correct diagnosis.

not an obligatory symptom in diseases of the respiratory system. This is a sign of inflammation or tuberculosis. Remember that doctors recommend not to bring down the temperature below 38 degrees. This is explained by the fact that with subfebrile numbers, the human immunity begins to fight the infection itself, mobilizing defensive forces organism.
Pain in the chest can be stabbing, aching, pressing. aggravated by deep breathing, coughing, physical activity. Localization indicates the location of the pathological focus.

9 main types of lung diseases

Name	Short description
Pneumonia	popular respiratory disease. The cause of the occurrence is an infection (or). Next comes the sharp inflammatory process, damage to the pulmonary organs and, in severe cases, adverse complications.
	more common in older people. It begins with inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. Allergies and inhalation of chemically polluted air can provoke the disease.
Pleurisy	dangerous lung disease, tk. it develops into a malignant tumor. Occurs against the background of infectious and autoimmune diseases, injuries. A focus with purulent or serous exudate is formed in the pleural cavity.
Asthma	manifests itself in the form or simply suffocation. In response to the penetration of the pathogen, bronchial obstruction occurs - narrowing of the airways. In addition, the walls of the bronchi produce a large amount of mucus, which leads to disruption of normal air exchange.
Asphyxia	is oxygen starvation caused by external negative manifestations. Injuries can be causative factors cervical region, chest, disorders of the respiratory muscles and larynx.
Silicosis	acquired lung disease as a result of inhalation of dust, exhaust, polluted oxygen. Huge probability get this ailment in a mine, metallurgical industry, facility under construction.
Tuberculosis	transmitted by airborne droplets. Mycobacteria are outside the cells and multiply slowly, so the tissues for a long time remain unchanged. The pathological process begins with lymph nodes then moves on to the lungs. Microorganisms feed on lung tissue, spreading further and affecting other organs and systems.
Emphysema	occurs due to the expansion of the bronchioles and the destruction of the partitions between the alveoli. Characteristic symptoms are shortness of breath, cough, an increase in the volume of the chest.
Loeffler syndrome	a type of pneumonia that has other names - “volatile”, “quickly disappearing”. It is a consequence of taking medicines as well as inhalation food products, mushrooms, lily of the valley, linden.

Tumor processes in the chest: what to be afraid of?

There are two types of tumors: malignant and benign.

The first case is the most dangerous and serious, because. symptoms often appear almost imperceptibly.

This leads to metastasis, difficult and difficult treatment and unfavorable outcome.

Types of malignant tumors and purulent processes in the lungs:

Lymphoma
Sarcoma
Gangrene
Abscess

To prevent a danger to life, you need to immediately contact a specialist and begin treatment.

Name	Short description
Goodpasture's syndrome	Causes this disease medicine has not yet revealed. It usually affects men 20-40 years old and proceeds under the guise of tuberculosis and pneumonia. Provoking factors are allergic irritants and hypothermia.
Bettolepsy	the second name is "cough syncope". Accompanied by a cough, during which there is a disorder of consciousness. violated cerebral circulation, resulting in fainting.
Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis	hereditary lung disease that occurs in young and middle age. It is almost impossible to identify and diagnose the disease without radiography. It proceeds under the mask of pneumonia, characterized by respiratory failure.
Primary bronchopulmonary amyloidosis	rare disease of the chest. It occurs in the male population of the elderly. Hereditary phenomenon with senile factors. Symptoms - cough, shortness of breath, hemoptysis, hoarseness. key point in the diagnosis is a puncture biopsy.

Treatment of lung diseases

Depending on the type of disease, severity, degree and individual characteristics of the patient, the following can be used:

Surgical intervention;
Medications;
Antiviral, restorative and antibacterial therapy;
Painkillers and antispasmodics;
Sanitary-resort and physiotherapy treatment.

expedient complex treatment, because it is necessary to act on all links of pathogenesis.

Alone medicines aimed at destroying the pathogen.

Antibacterial, antiviral drugs have a similar effect.

Sulfonamides have a good bacteriostatic effect.

Others help improve the patient's condition by getting rid of the symptoms of the disease.

Airway patency is provided by bronchodilators.

They stimulate beta-adrenergic receptors, resulting in relaxation of the smooth muscles of the bronchi.

Mucolytic, expectorant drugs contribute to the liquefaction of sputum with its subsequent expectoration.

Pharmacotherapy of diseases of the respiratory system requires careful diagnostic measures.

A qualified specialist must take into account the individual characteristics of each for the speedy recovery of the patient.

Prevention of lung diseases

long, hiking outdoors.
Getting rid of bad habits(smoking).
Cleanliness and freshness in the rooms where you spend most of your time (mites and dust provoke asthma attacks and spasms, impair the body's performance).
Getting rid of allergic factors (harmful chemicals in powder form, cleaners and detergents).
Hardening of the body and moderate physical activity in accordance with individual features person.
Regular visits to the pulmonologist.

Such simple prevention will help protect your respiratory tract and improve the whole body.

But, if the disease has already overtaken, do not delay the treatment. Contact your doctor immediately!

Various lung diseases are quite common in Everyday life person. Most of the classified diseases have severe symptoms of acute lung disease in humans and, if not properly treated, can lead to bad consequences. Pulmonology is the study of respiratory diseases.

Causes and signs of lung disease

To determine the cause of any disease, you should contact a qualified specialist (pulmonologist), who will conduct a thorough examination and make a diagnosis.

Lung diseases are quite difficult to diagnose, so you need to pass the entire list of recommended tests.

But there are common factors that can cause an acute pulmonary infection:

There are a large number of objective signs characterizing lung disease. Their main symptoms:

Lung diseases affecting the alveoli

Alveoli, the so-called air sacs, are the main functional segment of the lungs. With the defeat of the alveoli, separate pathologies of the lungs are classified:

Diseases affecting the pleura and chest

The pleura is called the thin sac that contains the lungs. When it is damaged, the following respiratory diseases occur:

Blood vessels are known to carry oxygen, and their disruption causes chest diseases:

Pulmonary hypertension. Violation of pressure in the pulmonary arteries gradually leads to the destruction of the organ and the appearance of primary signs of the disease.
pulmonary embolism. Often occurs with vein thrombosis, when a blood clot enters the lungs and blocks the flow of oxygen to the heart. This disease is characterized by sudden cerebral hemorrhage and death.

At constant pain diseases in the chest are distinguished:

Hereditary and bronchopulmonary diseases

Hereditary respiratory diseases are transmitted from parents to a child and can have several types. Main:

The basis of diseases of the bronchopulmonary system is acute respiratory infection. Most often, bronchopulmonary infectious diseases are characterized by mild malaise, gradually turning into acute infection in both lungs.

Bronchopulmonary inflammatory diseases are caused by viral microorganisms. They affect the respiratory organs and mucous membranes. Wrong treatment can lead to the development of complications and the emergence of more dangerous bronchopulmonary diseases.

The symptoms of a respiratory infection are very similar to the common cold caused by viral bacteria. Infectious diseases lungs develop very quickly and have a bacterial nature of origin. These include:

pneumonia;
bronchitis;
asthma;
tuberculosis;
respiratory allergies;
pleurisy;
respiratory failure.

Infection in inflamed lungs develops rapidly. To avoid complications, you should full complex treatment and prevention.

Chest diseases such as pneumothorax, asphyxia, physical damage to the lungs cause severe pain and can cause breathing and lung problems. Here it is necessary to apply an individual treatment regimen, which has a connected character of priority.

Suppurative diseases

In connection with the increase in purulent diseases, the percentage of suppurative inflammations has increased. causing problems with damaged lungs. Pulmonary purulent infection affects a large part of the body and can lead to severe complications. There are three main types of this pathology:

x-ray;
fluorography;
general blood analysis;
tomography;
bronchography;
testing for infections.

After all the studies carried out, the doctor must determine an individual treatment plan, necessary procedures and antibacterial therapy. It should be remembered that only the strict implementation of all recommendations will lead to a quick recovery.

Compliance preventive measures in lung diseases significantly reduces the risk of their occurrence. To exclude respiratory diseases, you should follow simple rules:

conducting healthy lifestyle life;
lack of bad habits;
moderate physical activity;
hardening of the body;
annual vacation on the sea coast;
regular visits to the pulmonologist.

Every person should know the manifestations of the above diseases in order to quickly identify the symptoms of an incipient respiratory disease, and then seek qualified help in time, because health is one of the most valuable attributes of life!

At the person. Their list is quite long, but the frequency of occurrence and the danger to life in diseases is not the same. At the same time, every literate, caring person should be aware of all possible ailments and their manifestations. After all, as you know, an early visit to the doctor greatly increases the chances of a successful outcome of treatment.

The most common lung diseases in humans: list, symptoms, prognosis

Often people confuse common diseases respiratory system with those that are characteristic of the lungs. In principle, there is nothing wrong with this if the patient does not try to cure himself, but clarifies the diagnosis with a doctor who can accurately determine the type of lung disease in a person. The list of the most "popular" of them includes:

Pleurisy. Most often caused by a viral infection. One of the few lung diseases accompanied by pain. As you know, there are no nerve endings in the lungs themselves, and they cannot hurt. Unpleasant sensations causes friction of the pleura. In mild forms, pleurisy goes away on its own, but it does not hurt to see a doctor.
Pneumonia. Often begins as pleurisy, but much more dangerous. Deep cough is very painful. Treatment must be professional, otherwise - death.
Signs: shortness of breath, bloating of the chest, "box" sounds, weak breathing. Primary is eliminated breathing exercises and oxygen therapy. Secondary requires long-term medical and even surgical intervention.
Tuberculosis. Everything is clear here: only medical supervision, long treatment and antibiotics.
Tumors, including the second disease, accompanied by pain. Forecasts are usually pessimistic.

If we talk about lung diseases in humans, the list is, of course, not limited to this list. However, the rest are much more rare, and often difficult to diagnose.

What are we paying attention to?

There are a number of signs that appear in almost any lung disease in humans. The list of symptoms can be presented as follows:

Cough. Depending on the disease, it can be both dry and wet, painless or accompanied by pain.
Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth.
Snoring - if you have not suffered from it before.
Shortness of breath, shortness of breath or shallow breathing, in some cases - suffocation. Any changes in the rhythm or depth of breathing are a signal for an immediate visit to the clinic.
Chest pain is usually caused by heart problems. But lung diseases can also cause it in the above cases.
Lack of oxygen, up to blanching and blue of the skin, fainting and convulsions.

All these signs strongly suggest that a visit to the doctor should not be postponed. He will make a diagnosis after listening, additional tests and maybe an x-ray.

Rare but dangerous

A few words should be said about such a human lung disease as pneumothorax. Even experienced doctors often forget about it, and it can manifest itself even in a completely healthy and young man. Pneumothorax is caused by a rupture in the lungs of a small bubble, which leads to their collapse, that is, dehydration. Manifested by shortness of breath and sharp pain; if not accepted urgent action entails sticking of a part of the lung, and often death.

Pneumothorax is more often observed in patients with emphysema, but it can overtake a person who has never suffered from pulmonary diseases.

Specific diseases

Some are called by the profession chosen by the person. So, chronic obstruction of the lungs or silicosis are typical for workers chemical industry, and barotrauma for divers. However, people are usually warned about the possibility of such diseases, pay enough attention to prevention and regularly undergo medical examinations.