Inflammation of the gallbladder. Inflammation of the gallbladder symptoms, timely diagnosis and treatment

Inna Lavrenko

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Inflammation of the gallbladder is very specific, and it cannot be confused with another disease. The causes of this disease can be pathogenic microflora, weakening the body's immune defenses, as well as stones in the gallbladder and the cavity of the bile duct. For inflammation of the gallbladder clinical medicine there is a special term, cholecystitis.

Clinical practice shows that cholecystitis more often affects women in adulthood, from 40 years and older, and men are 2 times less likely to get sick. The disease occurs in different forms, more often cholecystitis passes with the formation of stones, this is calculous inflammation (refers to stone diseases). In the absence of stones, cholecystitis is called acalculous. Based on the form of the disease, the doctor determines the symptoms and treatment that eliminates the root cause.

The manifestation of symptoms depends on the form of the disease, so let's take a closer look at how acute and chronic cholecystitis.

Acute inflammation is always accompanied by severe intoxication, in which headaches develop, the temperature rises, joints ache, lethargy and a broken state appear, and a sharp weight loss. Signs of inflammation of the gallbladder in the acute stage:

paroxysmal pain in the right abdomen under the ribs. The occurrence of sharp pains is explained by obstruction of the lumen in the ducts by a clot of bile or a stone;
weight loss, poor appetite;
jaundice skin and eye sclera;
when diagnosing at a doctor's appointment, soreness and expansion of the biliary tract are noted;
the appearance of chills at temperatures up to 39 degrees;
nausea and vomiting with secretions of green bile;
frequent constipation;
flatulence and bloating;
the child develops irritability and rejection of fatty foods.

With exacerbations of inflammation with the formation of stones, the symptoms are severe, and often develop dangerous complications, while the treatment of the gallbladder at home is not carried out. One of these conditions can be an abscess in the liver, when an inflamed focus appears inside the organ with a capsule containing pus.

Symptoms of cholecystitis

It is also possible the appearance of peritonitis, when inflammation passes into the peritoneum, or pancreatitis with a focus of inflammation in the pancreas. Often there is infection, the development of cholangitis with inflammation of the bile excretion tract. All these symptoms imply an urgent appeal to a medical institution for medical assistance up to hospitalization.

Symptoms of chronic cholecystitis

In the chronic form of inflammation, pain spasms grow in the biliary system and gastrointestinal tract when eating, in stressful experiences, after drinking alcohol:

pulling pain in the right hypochondrium, possibly burning in the liver;
pain in the stomach, in the upper section;
irradiation to the sacrum or lower back;
pain in chest in the region of the heart (cholecystocardial syndrome), with a failure heart rate. The heart is affected by the toxic effect of the focus of infection in the bladder on the entire body and bloodstream.

Experts point to solar syndrome that occurs when symptoms are ignored chronic inflammation. In this case, pain is noted near the solar plexus. Irradiation occurs in the navel, back, the intensity grows to an extremely high.

Common symptoms of cholecystitis

All patients have a range common symptoms cholecystitis of the gallbladder. In most cases, there are signs of vegetative-vascular dystonia - rapid heartbeat, tachycardia, excessive sweating, headache, loss of sleep. Of the specific biliary manifestations that the organ has become inflamed, the following symptoms are often noted:

Allergic patients may experience angioedema, the most life-threatening symptom. Chronic cholecystitis begins to develop even in children, without showing clinical symptoms. Over time, the walls of the gallbladder thicken, a strong inflammation forms, which causes such a vivid symptomatology.

Inflammation of the biliary organ in women

Women are not only prone to inflammation of the gallbladder more often than men, but also have several additional symptoms:

PMS syndrome, when strong tension begins before menstruation;
a week before critical days severe headaches begin;
mood swings are noted;
pastosity in the legs and arms. The patient observes a slight swelling, which causes swelling of the skin and its pallor, resembling raw dough.

Chronic cholecystitis with its manifestations always differs depending on the form of the disease, stage and general condition patient. Due to the connection of the ducts with the liver, if the bladder becomes inflamed, inflammation in the liver can often be found.

How is cholecystitis treated?

With inflammation of the gallbladder in a patient, the doctor takes into account the symptoms, finds out the general condition, determines the location of the pain, studies the results of laboratory and instrumental examinations for the appointment of effective antibacterial therapy. Antibiotic treatment can only be prescribed by the attending doctor, since you can harm the body on your own and provoke side effects. Consider how to treat cholecystitis of the gallbladder so that there are no complications.

Medical treatment

To stop pain and stimulate the outflow of bile from the gallbladder, treatment must be supplemented with antispasmodics. These are Drotaverine or No-shpa, Mebeverine or Papaverine, Duspatalin or Spazgan. The choice of the correct medication is carried out by the doctor. It also allows taking analgesic tablets - Baralgin or Analgin. Each of them will relieve pain within 15-20 minutes. Riabal is taken as an anticholinergic. It is necessary to treat inflammation of the gallbladder not until the pain is relieved, but until the cause is eliminated.

With a decrease in the function of the liver and gallbladder, the doctor, when choosing how to treat comorbidities, includes in therapy the intake of drugs with a choleretic effect - Holenzym, Alloho, Cholagol.

Treatment of stones

With microliths in the composition of bile and hypotension of the walls of the biliary organ, inflammation of the gallbladder, symptoms are treated with acid-based drugs - Ursofalk or Henofalk, produced with ursodeoxycholic acids. The course is always long and is carried out under strict control of analyzes. If the stones are large, then the drugs are ineffective.

Cholecystitis is treated with medications with increased secretion of bile by the liver, thinning its viscosity, and reducing concentration. It is also necessary to eliminate the cause of the inflammatory process in the bladder and liver.

Taking hepatoprotectors will help the liver work in conditions of inflammation of the biliary system. Cholagogue drugs improve patency if there is inflammation of the bile ducts, and the quality of the secret itself. It could be herbal medicine Hofitol, produced as an artichoke extract, or, Gepabene, combined remedy from milk thistle and fumes. The drugs are taken for a year or more.

Vegetative-vascular dystonia

In patients with vegetative-vascular dystonia, the course of inflammation of the gallbladder always passes in a more severe form than in other patients. An inflamed gallbladder requires treatment and sedatives. These are the following medicines - valerian, Adaptol or motherwort tincture. Experts recommend these drugs also to patients in the premenstrual period, if women are diagnosed at this time acute inflammation gallbladder. A course of treatment sedatives lasts up to 2 months.

Improvement of the digestive tract

It is also necessary to support the digestive organs. This will help enzyme preparations Mezim-forte or Creon, Pancreatin or their analogues. Doctors recommend undergoing physiotherapeutic procedures using decoctions and tinctures on medicinal herbs. Folk remedies will help not only digestive system but also the liver and gallbladder.

Diet

It is impossible to eliminate inflammation and alleviate the patient's condition without following the rules. diet food. The diet recommended by the doctor involves the exclusion of heavy meals and foods that are difficult to digest and assimilate. These are fatty and spicy, smoked and fried foods, as well as fast food. The diet includes more plant food, it is necessary to drink not only clean water, but also mineral, compotes and herbal decoctions instead of tea. The diet is not a one-time measure and can be canceled after you feel better.

Phytotherapy

Treatment of folk remedies for cholecystitis can increase efficiency conservative therapy. Convenience lies for the patient in the fact that this treatment is at home. It is necessary to obtain the consent of the doctor and choose the appropriate phyto-collections to eliminate the cause of cholecystitis. Experts recommend several herbs that can reduce inflammation in the biliary organ and prevent complications:

phyto-collection of St. John's wort and immortelle. The mixture is taken before meals at 0.1 l;
tea with corn stigmas. The infused drink is taken before each meal, 0.05 l;
tansy tea has healing properties;
leaf tea peppermint well relieves irritability and premenstrual syndrome. It is taken before meals in three divided doses;
in recovery period when the exacerbation subsided, it is useful to drink a decoction of rose hips. Chronic cholecystitis of the gallbladder needs long-term treatment, so a rosehip broth will be especially useful. It will support the immune defense of the body and eliminate discomfort. Take 0.1 l for a month.

Rosehip decoction

Physiotherapy

The recovery period for cholecystitis after exacerbation is marked by complex procedures. These are UHF manipulations, inductothermy, diathermy and ultrasound treatment, applications with therapeutic mud and paraffin applied to the gallbladder in the projection zone.

You can help the body with a course of hydrogen sulfide baths or radon baths, these procedures can relieve inflammation of the gallbladder and are also a preventive measure. It is recommended to perform physical exercises, "birch", "bike on the back" and others. All exercises should be prescribed by a doctor who excludes a strong load on the abdominal cavity.

Treatment of inflammation of the gallbladder is always carried out in a complex manner, and if the disease has become chronic or severe, then the possibility of surgical intervention with removal of the gallbladder, cholecystectomy is not excluded. You should not be afraid, the operation is minimally invasive and is performed laparoscopically, through punctures in the skin of the abdomen.

The main symptoms of pathology are nausea, bitterness in oral cavity and a drawing feeling in the region of the right hypochondrium. Treatment of cholecystitis should be complex and systemic, with the choice therapeutic methods and medicines can only be carried out by a doctor.

Diets for cholecystitis

For the treatment of calculous and stoneless types of the disease, as a rule, diet No. 5 is used, the main principle of which is to reduce the consumption of foods rich in cholesterol. Wherein medical nutrition with cholecystitis implies an increase in the amount vegetable fiber in the menu of a sick person. In case of exacerbation and chronic course of the disease, the following products should be excluded from the diet:

any marinades, sauces;
fish/meat broths;
legumes;
fried food;
sausages;
canned food, semi-finished products;
spicy food, spices;
sour berries such as viburnum or cranberries;
sweet pastries;
cocoa, coffee.

With cholelithiasis, it is worth supplementing your menu:

bran / rye bread;
milk, cottage cheese, sour cream;
different cereals;
butter, olive oil;
lean soups in vegetable broth;
boiled lean poultry, fish;
pasta;
fresh sweet fruits;
raw vegetables;
weak tea, compotes, kissels, mineral water.

Eating with inflammation of the gallbladder and liver should be done correctly: you should eat fractionally, 5-6 times a day, while the portions should be small. This is the only way to ensure that bile is secreted in sufficient quantities and at the right time. To avoid spasms of the bile ducts, it is worth giving up too hot or cold food. During therapeutic diet It is worth arranging 1-2 days of fasting per week. It is allowed to use only mineral water and herbal decoctions.

Treatment of cholecystitis with drugs

An attack of acute cholecystitis is a good reason for hospitalization of the patient. At the same time, doctors conduct research and take necessary materials for analysis to determine if the patient has any complications in the gallbladder cavity. After complete examination The patient is diagnosed and appropriate therapy is prescribed. How will cholecystitis be treated in the hospital? If an inflammatory process has been identified, as evidenced by the patient's elevated body temperature, he is prescribed:

antibiotics;
anti-inflammatory drugs.

After the focus of inflammation is suppressed, the doctor prescribes a cholagogue. This is a necessary measure to accelerate the removal of excess bile, stones from the body and to improve the general condition of a patient with cholecystitis. The main task is to reduce the inflammatory process. With the help of choleretic drugs, this can be done quickly, so even those patients who have an early stage of pathology development are treated with them.

If during the diagnosis stones or calcifications were found in the ducts or the organ itself, which is accompanied by severe inflammation bile organ, the doctor prescribes an operation. Conservative treatment in this case will be ineffective. Surgery may also be considered for a man or woman with cholecystitis if drug therapy did not give the expected results. In all other cases, for the treatment of cholecystitis, medications. Find out how to treat the disease below.

Cholagogue drugs

The main drugs and prescriptions are:

Allohol. A remedy for cholecystitis based on bile acids stimulates the formation of bile. The disease should be treated by taking 2 tablets 3-4 times a day. The course of therapy is 2 months.
Nicodin. An effective synthetic remedy for calculous cholecystitis is taken for 2-3 weeks, 1-2 tablets three times a day.
Xylitol. The drug irritates the membrane duodenum, due to which it has not only a choleretic, but also a laxative effect. The tool accelerates lipid metabolism and taken 50-100 ml twice or thrice a day for a maximum of 3 months.
Berberine. Treat cholecystitis with this drug for a month, taking 1-2 tablets three times a day.
Holonerton. The drug for cholecystitis of the calculous type eliminates the stagnation of bile in the bladder, has an antispasmodic effect. Holonerton normalizes pressure in the gallbladder. It is worth treating the disease with them until the moment when the patient's condition returns to normal. The recommended daily dosage is no more than 3 tablets.

pain pills

It is forbidden to use any drugs for the treatment of cholecystitis at home, as they can aggravate the patient's condition. Any remedy must be prescribed by a doctor. So, with a hypotonic and large gallbladder, you can not take any antispasmodics, otherwise stagnation may form. Common painkillers such as Aspirin, Paracetamol or Ibuprofen will not be effective. How to treat cholecystitis with antispasmodics? To relieve pain and spasm, the following drugs will help:

Drotaverine;
Atropine;
Papaverine;
Duspatalin;
Platifillin.

antibiotic

At healthy person bile is sterile, and with the development of cholecystitis, pathogenic bacteria begin to multiply in it, provoking inflammation of the bladder walls. Since bile in the intestine is immediately contaminated with microflora, sowing in this case is ineffective, and the doctor prescribes broad-spectrum antibiotics. If a patient has leukocytosis in the blood and high temperature body treatment at home involves the use of penicillins, macrolides. When the patient is in the hospital, cholecystitis is treated with gentamicin and cephalosporins, which are administered intramuscularly.

Anti-inflammatory drugs

This group of drugs for cholecystitis, in addition to its main function, has an analgesic effect and helps to normalize body temperature. Doctors for this purpose, as a rule, prescribe drugs based on:

piroxicam;
paracetamol;
ibuprofen.

Surgical treatment of the gallbladder

If the inflammation acquires a purulent or destructive form and spreads, there is a risk of gallbladder rupture with subsequent peritonitis. At the same time, postponing surgery is unacceptable. In addition, the indication for surgery is the presence of numerous or large stones in the organ. The doctor can choose one of two methods surgical treatment diseases:

Remove the gallbladder.
Drain the organ outward to treat acute symptoms first with drugs and operate later.

How to treat the gallbladder folk remedies

Phytotherapy in the treatment of cholecystitis has a complex effect on the body. Folk remedies contribute to the liquefaction of bile, its withdrawal, relieve spasms and inflammation from the bile ducts. However, decoctions and infusions of herbs should not treat the patient: substances are used as an additional, and not the main measure to combat the disease. Besides, folk remedies can be used in chronic cholecystitis to prevent exacerbation. Great for treating gallbladder too. mineral water.

Herbs

A great advantage of phytotherapy is its gentle effect on the body, thanks to which such means can be treated even during pregnancy. At complex therapy inflammation of the gallbladder, the following herbs are used:

parsley;
tansy;
corn silk;
yarrow;
rose hip;
mint;
barberry;
immortelle.

Recipes effective means, which will help treat chronic cholecystitis at home:

Herbal collection No. 1. Mix equal amounts of tansy flowers, immortelle, corn stigmas. Pour ½ tbsp. collection with boiling water (250 ml). Take the infusion in small sips throughout the day.
Herbal collection No. 2. Combine 1 spoon of calendula flowers, tansy, St. John's wort, rose hips, horsetail, coltsfoot, plantain, mint, yarrow, nettle, eucalyptus, birch buds. Boil this mixture in a liter of water, then let it stand for at least half an hour. Take a decoction daily for ½ tbsp. half an hour before meals twice.
Vegetable juices. Effective against disease. You should drink a mixture of cucumber, carrot, lemon, beet juice throughout the day (½ tbsp each). This remedy will quickly remove stones from the gallbladder.

Homeopathic treatment for cholecystitis

The main principle of homeopathy is to use a remedy like chemical composition that the stones themselves have in the gallbladder. For example, if a urinalysis determined that they consist of phosphate and oxalic acids, then cholecystitis should be treated with the same substances. These acids contain the following drugs:

Hekalava;
Acidum;
Okvalicum;
Lipodum;
Lycopodium, ave.

Video

The manifestation of problems with the outflow of bile occurs often after 35 years, accumulation fatty acids provokes the formation of stones, as a result, cholecystitis occurs.

Actual application different types drugs with, recommendations for treatment strictly as prescribed by the doctor.

Gallstone disease affects the walls of blood vessels, prevents the outflow of bile and normal digestion. Due to diseases abdominal cavity, inflammation of the gallbladder is one of the most common, treatment that must be started immediately.

Symptoms of inflammation of the gallbladder

The first sign of gallbladder problems is colic. Choleretic drugs can relieve pain. Depending on the stage of development of the disease, treatment is prescribed.

Sharp pains in the right hypochondrium disturb more often closer to the night, it is better to treat them with antispasmodics in the first aid of an acute form.

At an advanced stage, pain sensations pass to the back and chest, part of the shoulder may hurt.

Symptoms of an inflamed organ are:

sharp pain in the right hypochondrium;
increase in body temperature;
feces with a touch of yellowness;
nausea, vomiting;
heartburn;
accompaniment with hepatitis;
the stomach may swell;
diarrhea after eating;
discomfort after strenuous exercise.

Periodically occurring pain in the chest should alert a person, this is the first reason to see a doctor. After acute, the doctor prescribes choleretic tablets, but with late detection of stones, you need to act quickly.

Frequent method prevention acute symptoms is laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a sparing option for removal by the method of several punctures. After rehabilitation period usually should be treated with antibiotics.

Drug therapy

Initially, with inflammation, antibiotic therapy, drugs such as erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin provide treatment for initial stage illness. Drugs are strictly prescribed by a doctor, self-medication is not recommended.
The most common symptom is biliary colic, to relieve pain syndrome antispasmodic drugs are used. This, in a way, is not a cure, but a pain relief. The drugs have a relaxing effect on the walls of the organs, the spasm disappears. The most popular among the population are noshpa or drotaverine, as well as baralgin and spazmalgon.
In case of inflammation of the gallbladder, choleretic drugs are used, they are divided into groups that increase the formation of bile (allohol or livami) and cause bile secretion (sorbitol or olimentin). As a treatment and for the normalization of work gastrointestinal tract in the stage of inflammation of the gallbladder, enzyme preparations are used, one of the most common pancreatin.

Antibiotic treatment is prescribed for a week or two, according to the results of the tests. Taken in combination with antibiotics vitamin complexes containing vitamin B to keep the body in good shape. If the effect of the drugs does not have the desired effect, surgical intervention is prescribed. Using medicines liquefying bile, in the last acute phase of cholecystitis.

Diet and treatments

Treatment for inflammation of the gallbladder early stage may be limited to diet and the use of antispasmodics according to the situation. At acute syndrome use antibiotics and begin treatment quickly, in a hospital or surgical intervention.

Ways to relieve the inflammatory process of the gallbladder:

Appointment of diet number 5.
Spasmolytics, choleritics and antibiotics for different stages disease development.
Sanatorium treatment.
Surgery.
Exclusion of heavy physical exertion.

Nutrition is based on the principle proper food, at least 5-6 times a day. Treatment of the gallbladder with a diet contributes to the normalization of the gastrointestinal tract, eliminates the appearance of colic. Pevsner's diet vividly demonstrates exclusion from the diet harmful products, which block the work of the gallbladder, forming stones.

Can treat the liver and normalize the work of the bile ducts healthy foods excluding fatty and fried foods, spicy and salty, bitter and sweet.

Alcohol, chocolate, carbonated drinks, coffee, cocoa, rich products - all this is excluded from the diet. It is necessary to reduce the thermal effect on the body by eating warm, non-hot and non-cold food. The way to treat, in this way, the inflammation will become quickly noticeable, the colic will stop bothering the patient.

Our expert - doctor medical sciences, Professor MGMSU Tatyana Polunina.

Turning point

Inflammation of the gallbladder wall - chronic cholecystitis - usually develops gradually. It often takes place against the backdrop of others. chronic diseases gastrointestinal tract: gastritis, pancreatitis, hepatitis.

The cause of cholecystitis is the stagnation of bile in the gallbladder, to which the infection is added. Why does the gallbladder stop emptying the way it should? There are many reasons. AT healthy body the movement of bile is ensured by a good tone of the bile ducts, their correct nervous and endocrine regulation. This movement is hindered if the ducts are somehow compressed or bent, if their ability to move bile in the right direction is impaired. This can happen under the influence of stress, disorders of endocrine and autonomic regulation. Often the impetus for stagnation of bile is the prolapse of the viscera, pregnancy, a sedentary lifestyle, rare meals.

Stagnation contributes to the development of infection in the gallbladder. It could be bacteria coli, streptococci, staphylococci, as well as giardia and fungi, hepatitis viruses. In some cases inflammation is stimulated toxic poisoning(for example, drug overdose) or an allergic process. Help him and inflammatory processes in other organs, such as angina.

Now constipation, then belching

The immediate trigger for an outbreak of inflammation in the gallbladder is often overeating. A hearty lunch or dinner with fatty and spicy food, supplemented with beer or wine, may result in a dull, aching pain on the right, under the ribs. It occurs 1-3 hours after the feast. The pain usually radiates upward, to the area of the right shoulder and neck, right scapula. It may also occur sharp pain resembling biliary colic. There is a feeling of bitterness in the mouth, a metallic taste, there may be an eructation, nausea, seething in the stomach. Often alternating constipation and diarrhea, irritability, insomnia. Pressure on the abdomen in the area of the gallbladder is very sensitive, sometimes painful. You can feel the muscular resistance of the abdominal wall.

All these are signs of acute cholecystitis, which, if not taken care of, can become chronic. Only a doctor can make a diagnosis - after a blood test, duodenal sounding, microscopic examination of bile is carried out.

In some cases, cholecystography is required - an X-ray examination. This is necessary to assess the shape and structure of the walls of the gallbladder, its contraction, the presence or absence of stones in it. Provides useful information and ultrasound procedure. If cholecystitis progressed to chronic form, ultrasound shows thickening or deformation of the walls of the gallbladder.

Prevent relapse

Cholecystitis in most cases has a long course. Periods of remission, when the patient practically does not notice his illness, are replaced by exacerbations, usually with malnutrition and after taking alcoholic beverages. The impetus for a new aggravation can also be hard physical work, acute intestinal infection, hypothermia. However, if you follow the doctor's recommendations, the prognosis is favorable in most cases.

Unfortunately, patients often come to the doctor too late - they simply do not pay attention to the first attack, cope with it with the help of home remedies on the advice of friends and neighbors, and then, when the pain has passed, they do not change anything in their lifestyle. At frequent relapses inflammation of large intrahepatic ducts may develop. At the same time, an increase in body temperature, sometimes chills, fever, pruritus. The skin and mucous membrane of the eyes may turn yellow, which is associated with a deterioration in the outflow of bile due to blockage of the bile ducts with mucus.

AT acute condition patients are usually hospitalized in surgical or therapeutic hospitals. In mild cases it is possible ambulatory treatment. In the early days, it is necessary to strictly observe bed rest and diet number 5a. Fractional meals are very important - 4-6 times a day. The patient is prescribed selective antispasmodics, with exacerbation - antibacterial drugs. After remission occurs, choleretic agents are recommended.

Diet

To stop the development of acute cholecystitis into chronic, and chronic - into cholelithiasis, it is necessary to radically change your lifestyle and, above all, your diet. Doctors recommend diet table number 5 or diet number 5 according to Pevzner.

It is forbidden

Fat meat
Animal fats
spicy snacks
Marinades
Alcohol
Ice cream
Chilled drinks
Salty
Roast
Cakes, cream,
Fish and mushroom broths
Smoked meats

Can

Shredded vegetables
Minced meat, steamed or boiled
Cottage cheese, kefir
Tea is not strong, with milk
lactic acid products
Butter in limited quantities
Vegetable oil– 20-30 g per day
Protein omelette, soft-boiled eggs - 1-2 times a week
Borscht, cabbage soup vegetarian
Soups, cereal, fruit, dairy
Boiled vegetables, baked
Any porridge
Macaroni, vermicelli
Baked syrniki
Vegetable juices, fruit juices
Lean meat (beef, chicken, turkey, rabbit) boiled, baked
Compotes, jelly, rosehip broth
Cracker
Fruits and berries (except sour ones), raw and boiled, grapes
Stale bread: white, gray
Watermelon
Boiled lean fish
Mild cheese

It is necessary to eat with such a diet 5 times a day, in small portions. This diet is prescribed to ensure a sparing regime of the liver, normalization of bile secretion and intestinal activity, unloading of fat, cholesterol metabolism.

It should be completely excluded beef, lamb and pork fat, lard, liver, brains, sausage, canned fish and meat, pickles, meat, fish broths, as well as pastry. If possible, you should limit the use of butter, eggs, garlic, onions, dill and parsley. It is also recommended to eat cottage cheese, vegetables and fruits. Fluids should be plentiful, but consideration should be given to the condition of cardio-vascular system and kidneys. Consumption table salt should be moderately reduced.

The chemical composition of the diet:

Protein approximately 100–110 g
Fats 80–100 g
Carbohydrates approximately 400–450 g
The number of calories is 2800-3200.

To improve the condition of the bile ducts, you need to lead a more active lifestyle, regularly warm up for yourself during the working day, walk more, visit a sports club or swimming pool.

Be on the lookout for hotbeds too chronic infection if they are in the body: do not start bad teeth, sore throat, inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs. If they are cured in a timely manner, you can avoid another trouble with the gallbladder.

Discussion of the topic of inflammation of the gallbladder, its symptoms and treatment in medical field has long been very important. It is believed that this disease mainly affects the body of mature women after 40 years of age, prone to obesity and malnutrition. Rapid weight loss can also trigger cholecystitis.

The gallbladder is quite “strong”, a department well protected by the body, so inflammation is formed in the presence of stimulating factors

What is inflammation of the gallbladder called?

Acute cholecystitis is medically known as inflammation of the gallbladder. vernacular name- disease " holiday table". It is during the feast period that a person does not monitor the quality and quantity of what he eats, holidays no need to work, you can lie on the couch in front of the TV all day.

The first symptoms of damage to the body by a disease may appear after a change in the opportunistic intestinal microflora. The main consequences are a decrease in general immunity, the occurrence of infections, the formation of stony masses in the bladder and ducts.

Treatment can only be prescribed by a doctor, since cholecystitis has several forms: acute, chronic. Possible acalculous inflammation.

Causes of inflammation

The gallbladder is quite “strong”, a department well protected by the body, so inflammation is formed in the presence of stimulating factors. common cause manifestations of the disease is cholelithiasis. The formation and growth of stones inside the organ can lead to injury to the walls of the bladder, partially or completely close the ducts, which makes it difficult for the full outflow of bile masses in patients with cholecystitis.

The main causes of the disease:

congenital or acquired deformation of the gallbladder;
dyskinesia;
the presence of a tumor inside the affected organ;
injuries of a different nature;
metabolic failure;
wrong diet;
persistent constipation;
some types of allergic reactions;
pregnancy.

Most patients are carriers of infection in the body: streptococcus, salmonella, E. coli.

It happens that even after the examination it is quite difficult to name the main cause of the disease.

Consequences of inflammation

The formation of foci of suppuration inside the inflamed organ.
Formation and development of phlegmon.
The formation of ruptures, cuts of the gallbladder.

All of the above consequences in a neglected state can lead to death.

Symptoms of inflammation

Cholecystitis can manifest itself in different ways. It all depends on its type and degree of development.

Signs of inflammation of the gallbladder in an acute form:

Cholecystitis may present with pain in the right side

paroxysmal pain symptom in the region of the right rib;
decrease, loss of appetite;
sudden loss weight;
discoloration of the skin, they become pale, with a yellowish tint;
expansion of the bile tubes;
body temperature rises;
chills;
fever;
nausea;
prolonged constipation;
increased gas production.

Symptoms of the calculous form of gallbladder disease are more serious:

Abscess.
Pancreatitis.
Peritonitis.
Cholangitis.

With these symptoms, the patient is urgently admitted to the hospital.

Symptoms of standard chronic cholecystitis:

pain of a pulling nature in the right region of the ribs;
pain in the upper abdomen, sacrum, lumbar, heart muscle;
possible violation of the heart rhythm;
gain pain with heavy physical labor, with frequent stress, with the use of alcoholic beverages in large quantities.

With cholecystitis in the acute period, the main symptom of the disease is intoxication. There may be a temperature, headaches, weakness, aching joints, lethargy, sudden weight loss, belching with air, bitterness in the mouth, periodic swelling, allergies, diarrhoea, constipation and vice versa, vomiting. If the patient has diseases of the cardiovascular system, then it is possible increased sweating, tachycardia, heart pain, bad dream, insomnia.

Symptoms of inflammation in women

The main number of symptoms of inflammation of the gallbladder in women is manifested in the premenstrual period. It can be:

headache;
frequent mood swings;
swelling of the lower extremities;
change in skin color.

The causes of inflammation do not differ much from the generally accepted ones, but the symptoms are quite blurred. Therefore, women turn to medical care much later than men, when the disease has already developed quite strongly.

How to treat inflammation

Before a patient is prescribed treatment for any type of inflammation of the gallbladder, he must undergo an examination, take tests, with which it will be possible to view the clinical picture:

Ultrasound of the gallbladder will help diagnose the problem

General and biochemical analysis blood.
Ultrasound of the gallbladder.
If necessary, X-ray examination of the affected organ.
Radioisotope research.
duodenal sounding.

Only after studying the results, the doctor can prescribe necessary treatment. Diagnostic methods are also assigned to them.

If, after the examination, chronic acalculous cholecystitis was diagnosed, in the exacerbation phase, then obligatory clauses treatments will:

Strict adherence to a therapeutic diet.

In most cases, Pevzner's diet No. 5 is prescribed. It stimulates more fast treatment inflammation bile ducts. If the degree of organ damage is small, immunity is not lowered, then the body will gradually begin to fight "on its own", without the use of medicines. A diet for inflammation allows you to gradually expand the patient's diet, make him richer, but only if there is a positive trend. What is possible with inflammation, only the attending doctor determines. Diet therapy is carried out strictly individually, any deviations and violations are prohibited, they can only contribute to indigestion.

Medical treatment.

Relieve inflammation with rapid developing disease can only medical preparations. This therapy consists of several stages:

Inflammation of the gallbladder during an exacerbation is treated in a hospital. AT recent times in modern clinics, specialized gastroenterological departments are created for patients with diseases of this nature. The duration of the treatment course is 1-2 months. During this period, it is possible to stop the development of cholecystitis.

If chronic cholecystitis was diagnosed without exacerbation, then the directions and stages medical process change:

With cholecystitis, diet number five is prescribed

Diet therapy No. 5 according to Pevzner.
Supportive drug therapy.
Anti-relapse drugs.
Choleretic therapy.
If necessary, treatment with antispasmodics.
Recovery normal microflora intestines without the use of drugs, only useful prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics.
Immunomodulation.

After the patient is discharged from the hospital, he may be given additional outpatient treatment to control so that the gallbladder does not re-inflame.

Medical therapy

Treatment with drugs is carried out in almost all cases. The selection of all drugs should be handled only by the attending physician. It is forbidden to self-medicate, take funds that were advised by "experienced" friends, relatives. This can lead to serious complications, up to a threat to life.

To eliminate pain and alleviate the patient's condition, first of all, antispasmodics are prescribed: Papaverine, Drotaverine, Spazgan. From the group of analgesics, you can take Baralgin, Analgin.

If there is no hypotension of the liver, the patient is allowed to take medications such as Allochol, Cholenzim. They contribute to the rapid removal of bile masses from the body.

When, after examination and testing, microliths in the bile are detected in the patient, he is prescribed tablets with ursodeoxycholic acid: Ursofalk, Henofalk. They also identify and eliminate the complications of the disease.

To normalize the activity of the liver, hepatoprotectors are prescribed

To stop the inflammatory wave of the process in the body, to normalize the full activity of the liver, hepatoprotectors are prescribed. They relieve inflammation, remove excess bile: Hofitol, Gepabene.

If the patient has vegetative-vascular dystonia, or the patient is treated during the premenstrual period, the doctor prescribes a course of motherwort, valerian.

After a course of potent drugs, it will help to normalize the processes of digestion. Mezim, Pancreatin.

Already discharging a patient from medical institution, most doctors recommend taking a course of herbal medicine or being treated with traditional medicine. But be sure to consult with your doctor.

We list the most effective herbal preparations and infusions:

Collection of immortelle and St. John's wort. It will take 15 g of each component. Pour 0.5 l of boiling water over the resulting mixture, leave for 30-40 minutes, strain. Take 0.1 l before main meals.
Tea infused with corn stigmas. Take in the morning, before meals, 50 ml of infusion.
Tea infused with tansy flowers.
A decoction of peppermint. Cooking healing drink in a water bath. We take 3 times a day before the main meals. Especially relevant for women, has a calming effect on nervous system, eliminates irritability, relaxes.
Infusion of rose hips. You can start taking it immediately after the exacerbation of the disease is removed. For cooking, you need 2 large spoons of fruit and 0.5 liters of water. Mix, simmer in a water bath for 15-20 minutes. Take 0.1 l before main meals.

When the exacerbation was managed, the patient feels well, the doctor may recommend physiotherapy. For example, UHF therapy, paraffin applications, mud baths, inductothermy, therapeutic ultrasound. All of these procedures are focused on the area of the gallbladder.

If we talk about spa treatment, here we can recommend hydrogen sulfide baths. They gently stimulate the gallbladder to empty, making it more active.

Treatment and diagnosis of cholecystitis are carried out for a long time. You should not get hung up on one method, getting rid of the disease should be comprehensive. There are cases when the treatment does not bring positive dynamics, the patient's condition worsens. There is only one way out - the removal of the affected organ.

But even with successful treatment, you should not relax. Relapse can happen at any time. This does not mean that you always have to sit on a strict diet and drink medicines. With absence anxiety symptoms enough to eat right bad habits, to live an active lifestyle.

Video

Acute cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder.