What to drink to restore intestinal microflora. Restoration of the intestinal microflora: helping the "good" bacteria in the body. Prebiotics and probiotic preparations

Dysbacteriosis in gastroenterology does not belong to the category of individual diseases. Such a violation is considered as a consequence of certain pathologies of the body as a whole. Modern solutions how to restore the intestinal microflora, in medicine there is a sufficient amount, but the main task is a purely individual approach to each clinical case.

Any quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora by a chain reaction immediately cause more and more new problems. In the absence of competent and timely treatment, such disorders go beyond problems relating only to digestive tract, and provoke failures in the work of many other vital organs.

Our intestines are inhabited by many living microorganisms. In the process of their active interaction with each other, they ensure the full and uninterrupted operation of the entire digestive tract. Together, they all form the intestinal microflora. It is difficult to imagine, but normally their number is almost 50 trillion, and the total weight sometimes reaches 3 kg.

These bacteria are so numerous that the number of only officially recognized already exceeds 500 species. At the same time, there are still a lot of microorganisms that have not been fully studied in the intestine.

Diagnosis - dysbacteriosis

When a person is healthy, in percentage terms, only 1% of bacteria in 100 in the intestine is opportunistic. This is a yeast-like fungus, clostridia, all kinds of staphylococci, etc. The remaining 99% consist of lacto- and bifidobacteria, enterococci, aerobes and E. coli.

As for the latter, its benefits turn into harms as soon as this type of bacteria penetrates into other organs. In this case, E. coli causes a number of serious infectious diseases of the digestive tract and genitourinary system.

If such a quantitative ratio changes and pathogenic bacteria begin to multiply, significantly exceeding the permissible 1%, and beneficial microorganisms are sharply reduced in their numbers, such an imbalance is called dysbacteriosis in medicine.

12 most common causes of dysbacteriosis

1. Postponed surgery on the digestive organs.
2. Long-term use of laxatives and hormonal drugs; in the process of treatment oncological diseases- cytostatic agents.
3. Acclimatization and failure of the usual biorhythm.
4. Abuse of sweet and fatty foods.
5. Monotonous diets and starvation.
6. Weakened immunity and diseases of the endocrine system.
7. Unstable mental condition with prolonged depression and frequent stress.
8. Unfavorable environmental conditions.
9. Systematic physical overwork.
10. Smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages.
11. Independent carrying out of various cleaning methods.
12. Congenital anomaly of the intestine; the presence of helminths.

Before talking about the symptoms of this condition, it is worth noting that the manifestations of intestinal dysbacteriosis are quite specific. Often, certain general clinical signs may in fact be symptoms of a completely different pathology.

Therefore, if you find yourself matching a number of the points presented, do not rush to make a diagnosis yourself.

It is possible to confirm or refute dysbacteriosis only with the help of laboratory diagnostics. But even in this case, there are no single strict indicators. Absolutely for every person, the norm means purely individual quantitative and qualitative parameters in the ratio of bacteria.

The main signs are:

• increased fatigue and poor appetite;
• excessive gas formation;
• nausea and persistent unpleasant aftertaste in the oral cavity;
• diarrhea, constipation or their alternation;
• abdominal pain;
• excessive sweating;
• bad breath;
• belching and heartburn;
• itching and burning in the anus;
• all signs of beriberi: brittle nails and hair, chapped lips and dry skin;
• food allergies and related skin rashes;
• headaches and fever.

Before drawing any categorical conclusions, do not forget to take into account that about 90% of the total number of patients in whom dysbacteriosis has been progressing for a long time, except for constipation or diarrhea, do not feel any discomfort at all. This fact is another good reason to conduct a laboratory analysis of feces for dysbacteriosis and not engage in useless self-medication.

The effectiveness of the treatment of imbalance in the microflora always depends, first of all, on true reasons its appearance, as well as the severity and stage of the disease. This will be determined by a professional gastroenterologist, and the results of the examination will significantly affect the choice of treatment method and the correct selection of drugs. The process itself is quite lengthy and in advanced cases can take several months.

Treatment medicines aims to restore the intestinal microflora, correct the immune system and completely eliminate the symptoms of the disorder. Each product contains different groups of bacteria and, accordingly, has a different effect. Therefore, in most cases, therapy is complex, and such drug groups will be the most successful combination.

1. Bacteriophages. A virus that enters a cell and dissolves it.
2. Antibiotics. They are selected taking into account the degree of sensitivity of specific microorganisms to this drug.
3. Intestinal antiseptics (Nifuroxazid, Ciprofloxacin, Furazolidone, etc.).
4. Immunomodulators (Echinacea, Dibazol).
5. Multivitamins (Multitabs, Decamevit, etc.).
6. Probiotics and prebiotics.
7. Herbal antiseptics (Chlorophyllipt).

When choosing a drug, special attention should be paid to its form of release. In some cases, it will be of fundamental importance to take it in the form of a tablet, powder or capsule.

Treatment with probiotics and prebiotics

Probiotics and prebiotics are two radically different categories of drugs that differ significantly in their essence, but at the same time perform the same task: restoring intestinal functions and creating all favorable conditions for the normalization of microflora.

The probiotic contains live lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, different combinations yeast and lactic acid bacteria. In the treatment of dysbacteriosis, the main benefit of this category is as follows:

• strengthens the intestinal mucosa, which is the main barrier to pathogenic bacteria;
• stops the growth of pathogenic microorganisms and resists their attachment to the intestinal walls;
• stimulates the immune system, ensures the resistance of antibodies to viruses;
• produces vitamin B for a full metabolism;
• destroys toxins released by pathogenic microorganisms.

In certain cases, probiotics may be contraindicated in elderly patients, and can also suppress the effect of certain drugs. With all the seeming harmlessness of this group of drugs, do not neglect the advice of your doctor.

Prebiotics are organic carbohydrates that directly affect the accelerated growth and development of beneficial intestinal bacteria. The category includes alimentary fiber, lactose, inulin, lactulose and fructosaccharides.

The therapeutic effect is as follows:

• increase acidity in the intestinal environment, thereby counteracting the development of harmful bacteria;
• neutralize the harmful effects of antibiotics;
• increase the number stool, stimulating the work of the intestines;
• significantly reduce the concentration of cortisol in the blood;
• eliminate bloating and gas formation;
• reduce appetite;
• blocks development in the early stages malignant tumors in the large intestine;
• remove toxins, salts of heavy metals and other toxic substances;
• contribute to the accelerated release of mucus from the walls of the stomach;
• keep the acid-base balance within the normal range.

Of the most popular prebiotics, one can note Laktusan, Dufalac, Lizalak, Pikovit syrup, DiRezen, Proslabin, Hilak Forte, Laktofiltrum and Goodluck.

In the process of treatment, symbiotics are prescribed when it is necessary to obtain maximum efficiency in the shortest possible time. These are drugs that, in a certain combination, simultaneously combine probiotics with prebiotics and have a powerful beneficial effect on the microflora.

The therapeutic effect is carried out in this way:

• produce folic acid, vitamin K, pyridoxine and niacin;
• normalize cholesterol levels;
• maximize immunity;
• provide lasting protection against carcinogens, toxins, radiation and antibiotics;
• normalize intestinal motility;
• destroy pathogenic bacteria;
• normalize the balance of intestinal microflora.

Despite similar effects with probiotics, the positive result of the treatment lasts much longer.

The most popular symbiotics in pharmacology are Bacteriobalance, Symbiolact, Bifidin, Lineks, Polibakterin, Trilakt, Bifiform, etc.

The role of enzymes in dysbacteriosis

The help of enzymes in the treatment process becomes necessary in case of complications in digestion. Vivid symptoms are flatulence, belching, severe heartburn. Enzymes are used both animal and plant origin. The former are much more effective due to the fact that their composition is identical to the enzymes that the human body produces.

But when treating with enzymes, it is especially important to focus on the original cause of dysbacteriosis. The selected drug should be the best option for the effect on the affected organ, which provoked an imbalance in the intestinal microflora. Positive result It is expressed in the normalization of the work of the stomach, pancreas and restoration of the intestine.

Most often, Pancreatin, Festal, Creon, Mezim are prescribed.

Without following a certain diet, it is not necessary to talk about a successful outcome of treatment. It is best to forget about overeating at night, automatic swallowing of food on the go. Everything fatty, spicy, as well as alcohol is subject to the exception.

The diet should be enriched as much as possible with live bifidus and lactobacilli, vegetable fiber and proteins. Fractional nutrition at a strictly set time becomes fundamentally important. Sugar is strongly recommended to be replaced with honey.

Eating the most beneficial foods

1. All kinds of boiled cereals on the water.
2. Dairy products.
3. Freshly squeezed fruit juices and vegetable purees.
4. Herbal teas, still mineral water.
5. Steamed lean fish and meat.
6. Fresh greens.

Products to be completely eliminated

1. Garlic, radish, onion.
2. Hot herbs and spices.
3. Homemade pickles.
4. Confectionery and home baking.
5. Mushrooms.
6. Canned food and smoked meats.
7. Whole milk and ice cream.
8. Cooking fats and mayonnaise.

An individual diet is prescribed only on the basis of each clinical case, depending on the stage of the disease and the root cause of the pathology, followed by dysbacteriosis.

Folk remedies

The use of folk remedies should in no way replace the traditional drug treatment and may only be appropriate as adjunctive therapy. Some recommendations are contradictory and suggest the use of foods prohibited by doctors and nutritionists. Therefore, without additional consultation with a specialist, and, moreover, as a self-treatment, it is still not worth blindly following these tips.

1. Propolis, honey and as antiseptics.
2. Herbal preparations (mint, chamomile, lemon balm, raspberry leaves and black currant, strawberries, eucalyptus and senna leaves).
3. A decoction of alder cones and serpentine root.
4. Medicinal collection of chamomile flowers, bird cherry fruits, cumin and blueberry leaves.
5. A mixture of ground sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds and kernels walnut.
6. Garlic tincture on kefir or sour milk.
7. Compotes from cranberries, raspberries, blueberries and lingonberries.
8. Tinctures of chamomile, calendula and yarrow.
9. Pomegranate peels, decoction of oak bark, bird cherry berries help as an astringent for frequent diarrhea.

These are the most common methods, but there are a lot of other folk remedies that are often used to combat dysbacteriosis. The effectiveness of some of them is often called into question by some patients, while others desperately praise these same recipes. Therefore, it is so important to focus on well-known and proven medicines.

Purgation

Symbiotics and prebiotics cause the death of harmful microorganisms, as a result of which the intestines are filled with toxic decay products of these bacteria. Their accumulation is unacceptable and cleansing procedures for the intestines become not only useful, but also necessary.

Most often, enemas are used for this or different herbal infusions, but at the same time they also do an excellent job with the removal of toxic toxins:

• Activated carbon;
• magnesium sulfate;
• food enriched with vegetable fiber;
• baking soda;
• yogurt or kefir;
• Castor oil;
• still mineral water.

Prevention of disorders of the intestinal microflora

As preventive measures to prevent dysbacteriosis, a whole complex is implied, which requires compliance with the regime rational nutrition, and taking certain medications, and even a radical change in the usual way of life.

The most accessible and easily implemented of them are as follows:

• mandatory breaks during sedentary work;
• walking for at least 30 minutes a day;
• systematic hardening procedures;
• if there is no exacerbation of the intestines - daily consumption of berries, fruits and fresh vegetables is desirable;
• the usual menu should include vegetable fats, dairy products, meat and fish only in boiled form;
• drug prophylaxis with the intake of probiotics, prebiotics and symbiotics;
• in every possible way to avoid psychological stress and overstrain.

Possible adverse effects

Prolonged neglect of the problem and the lack of proper treatment can lead to a number of detrimental consequences for the entire body. There comes a time when the damaged microflora completely blocks the absorption of vitamins and nutrients from the incoming food.

As a rule, in most of these advanced cases, this leads to such violations.

1. Eczema.
2. Persistent severe allergic reactions.
3. Bronchial asthma.
4. Systematic painful constipation.
5. Progressive development of sclerosis.
6. Signs appear.
7. In adult patients, there are prerequisites for benign and malignant tumors.
8. Seborrhea, alopecia and acne almost always occur.
9. Anemia and dyspepsia.
10. The development of a rickets-like condition due to the extremely low absorption of vitamin D, iron and calcium.
11. Bowel obstruction and ulcerative colitis.
12. Diabetes.

Accurate diagnosis and measures taken in the early stages can only predict a successful outcome in treatment. Adequate therapy, conscious attitude and the patient to the existing problem almost always guarantee a 100% cure within the next 2 months.

Although some drugs may cause serious consequences, their intake may be due to the peculiarities of the course of the disease and possible complications. Inaction can make a person worse. Antibiotics belong to this type of pharmaceutical products.

Drugs in this category are able to eliminate pathological processes in the body, but taking medications can disrupt the normal functioning of the body. The main problem associated with the reception antimicrobials, is a violation of the microflora. In this article we will talk about what tools will help restore.

Normal state of intestinal microflora - good immunity

Why many are concerned about the state of the intestinal microflora. The normal state of this environment helps the gastrointestinal tract to cope with its duties.

The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by various microorganisms. Human allies are bifido and.

The group of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms include Escherichia coli, enterococci, yeast-like fungi.

Taking antibiotics disrupts the desired proportions of these microorganisms in the intestines. In a number of conditions, specialists prescribe antimicrobial agents. Unfortunately, they cannot act exclusively on harmful bacteria, and useful "inhabitants" of the gastrointestinal tract also suffer. Why is lacto viability so important? These representatives of the microflora are responsible for:

• Breakdown of proteins and acids;
• Beneficial bacteria are absorbed through the intestinal walls useful material necessary for human life;
• Responsible for the synthesis of immunoglobulin A, improving performance immune system;
• They inhibit the processes of decay, contributing to the release of lysozyme, alcohol and acids. Cope with toxins resulting from the work of pathogenic microbes.

When harmful microbes begin to predominate in the body, a person is faced with unpleasant sensations. The patient is overcome by pain in the abdomen, rumbling and problems with the stool.

Skin color changes, eczema may develop, allergy symptoms appear. With these symptoms, it is worth suspecting. This condition triggers serious hormonal disorders, immunity can be weakened and work can be disrupted. internal organs.

How to restore the microflora

To restore the microflora, you need to give up bad habits.

The goal of restoring the microflora of organs after taking antibiotics is set by many patients. A condescending attitude towards the body is fraught with serious consequences.

In order to recover faster after antimicrobial agents, a person must eat well, give up bad habits.

Consulting a gastroenterologist will help speed up the rehabilitation process, who will tell you individual program recovery. Let's dwell on the main changes in life that can speed up recovery.

Healthy lifestyle

To help the gut recover from antibiotic therapy, a person must adhere to the basics of a healthy lifestyle. Cigarette smoke adversely affects, alcohol consumption delays recovery period and worsen the patient's well-being.

These drugs reduce the protective characteristics of the liver, the body becomes vulnerable and cannot quickly cope with toxins entering the body. It's good to pay attention physical health- Exercise stimulates the immune system.

Power mode correction

Cauliflower improves metabolism.

A special diet will help the intestines recover faster after taking serious drugs and return to their previous duties.

A person who eats healthy food quickly returns to normal. Right products improve metabolism. What rules should be followed by people who have undergone antibiotic therapy?

1. It is better to give preference to dietary products, and postpone fried, smoked dishes until recovery.
2. With severe constipation, you should pay attention to products with. Oatmeal, beets, prunes, fruits will bring benefits.
3. It is better to exclude legumes, cabbage, bread and pears.
4. Eat boiled vegetables more often: cauliflower, carrots, zucchini. A tasty and healthy dish that helps diversify the diet will be baked apples.
5. Bone broth, which contains glutamine, will help restore liver function.

How to restore the intestinal microflora after antibiotics, you will learn from the video:

Dairy products

Fermented milk products can help the intestinal microflora. Kefir, whey, cheese stimulate the restoration of intestinal cells. These products are useful for nursing mothers, they enrich the body with calcium and other useful substances.

The course of enzyme preparations

In this situation, when the patient was taking antibiotics, enzyme-containing agents are often prescribed. They help speed up the recovery process of the digestive tract. Patients who are faced with symptoms of dysbacteriosis can be recommended to take "Mezim", "", "Creon", "". Such funds should be recommended by a specialist.

Prebiotics and probiotic preparations

Linex supports the normal functioning of the intestines.

Pharmaceutical companies are trying to alleviate the condition of a person with various ailments, therefore, for people who are faced with a violation of the normal microflora, have been developed nutritional supplements containing probiotic and prebiotic cultures.

Based on the composition specific means can be assumed healing effect from acceptance. What are the main functions of these drugs, how do they differ and which means to choose?

• Probiotics contain bacteria that support the normal functioning of the intestines. These are means such as "Bifi-form", "", "Acilact".
• Prebiotics consist of substances that stimulate the formation of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, supporting correct work intestines.

Doctors prescribe probiotics for a long course. After taking antibiotics, a person needs up to six months to work in the same mode. Prebiotics are designed to solve the problem of lack of their own microorganisms.

Prebiotic preparations are powerless if the microflora is in a deplorable state.

Folk wisdom against dysbacteriosis

Sauerkraut contains a large amount of fermented substances.

An effective assistant in the fight against dysbacteriosis can be those that allow you to quickly alleviate the manifestations of an imbalance of microorganisms.

The use of certain products allows you to quickly get rid of the symptoms of this condition.

The composition of individual plants and fruits allows you to stimulate the production of nutrients. Here are the popular treatment regimens for dysbacteriosis:

1. You need to take 10 gr. the following products: pumpkin seeds, sunflower seeds, walnut kernels. Pour the crushed mixture with 100 gr. boiled water. Leave the infusion for a while. Take this composition twice: in the morning and in the evening. Continue this treatment for 10 days. This infusion – effective remedy, allowing the intestinal microflora to take the optimal ratio.
2. Compotes and fruit drinks will help to cope with. Currant and raspberry compotes speed up digestion, stimulate metabolism, and give the patient strength. It is preferable to use 1-2 glasses without sugar.
3. Dill water will help to recover. The following cooking method is popular: 1 tsp. dill seeds pour 100 gr. boiling water. The filtered infusion is consumed 3 r. 1 tsp per day Such phytotherapy eliminates the problem of flatulence, which plagues many patients.
4. Another effective remedy for diarrhea is Potentilla infusion. 1 st. l. raw materials are boiled for 15 minutes and infused for 12 hours. The resulting composition has a strong anti-inflammatory effect.
5. Sauerkraut contains a large amount of fermented substances, a daily enrichment of the diet a small amount of this dish solves the problem of the predominance of pathological microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract.
6. At long-term treatment antibiotics in the number of erythrocytes decreases. Drinking beetroot juice improves blood circulation. This tool should be adopted by people who have used antibiotics to eliminate medical problems.
7. Kombucha, which has been infused for about 4 days, is drunk before a meal. For 1 dose, prepare 1 glass of the drug. After a week, the intestinal microflora does not seem so critical.

There is another way to rehabilitate after. Place a chopped head of garlic in a glass container and pour a glass of sunflower oil. A day later, garlic oil can be seasoned with salads and cereals. This mixture will accelerate the formation of beneficial bacteria.

The following composition will also benefit: a teaspoon of honey is mixed with propolis and dissolved in a glass of warm water. For 6 weeks, take 1 glass of tincture per day.

Natural antibiotic (propolis) perfectly copes with the problem of restoring microflora.

Colonoscopy as a method for diagnosing intestinal microflora.

To quickly return to the usual way of life, you need to give up smoking and fatty, fried foods. Before restorative therapy, you should visit a specialist.

Sometimes it is prescribed, which allows you to decide on the tactics of treatment. After completing the course of taking "Ceftriaxone", you should take care of taking "Hilak forte" or other means that help restore bowel function. After Ofloksin, Linex is often prescribed. People who have not taken antibiotics may face the problem of dysbacteriosis.

This condition can be caused bad habits and malnutrition, use of . However, it is antibiotic treatment that is the pivot point after which most patients experience abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea. It is worth alerting if such symptoms began to bother a person after taking antimicrobial spectrum drugs.

The onset of dysbacteriosis can cause a lot of trouble, so you should try to help the intestines and other organs return to their former lives. You can try folk remedies. With the help of natural compote, infusions and decoctions, you can improve your well-being and gently stimulate the digestive tract organs to work properly.

Before using drugs from it is better to visit a doctor, because not all drugs are effective and useful. He will assess the general condition, diagnose the internal organs and develop an individual treatment regimen. Being vigilant about your own health will help you avoid many serious problems.

Today, experts have developed a long list of probiotics for the intestines. They are prescribed to improve the condition of the intestinal microflora. Such drugs strengthen the immune system and eliminate Negative consequences from taking antibiotics.

Probiotics are an extensive group of medicines, which contain strains of live bacteria that form the basis of the natural human microflora. Lacto- and bifidobacteria have a beneficial effect on the body: they contribute to the elimination of dysbacteriosis, the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms, the production of vitamins, folic acid and biotin, and the strengthening of immunity. Probiotics are also called eubiotics.

Prebiotics are chemicals that create favorable conditions for the growth of the normal microflora of the large intestine and are not absorbed in the small intestine. Prebiotics are compatible with antibiotics, are not afraid of exposure gastric juice do not cause side effects in case of overdose.

There is a separate group called synbiotics, which includes prebiotics and probiotics.

In the following video, a dietitian will talk about the difference between probiotics and prebiotics.

When are these drugs prescribed?

In most cases, probiotics are prescribed while taking antibiotics. The latter effectively eliminate pathogenic microflora, but beneficial microorganisms also fall under attack.

Medicines that contain probiotics help restore natural microflora and neutralize toxic compounds, which produce pathogenic bacteria in the course of their life.

Probiotics restore natural intestinal microflora

The normal functioning of the intestines in the human body is the key to a strong immune system. In this organ of the digestive tract, protective functions organism. Immunoglobulin A is produced when there are enough beneficial bacteria. Antibodies protect the genitourinary, digestive and respiratory systems.

It is imperative to take probiotics after antibiotics in order to avoid serious consequences for the gastrointestinal tract. The interval between drugs should be at least 2 hours. Only the attending physician should select the medication.

Useful properties of probiotics:

• participation in the synthesis of acids and vitamins;
• prevention of allergic manifestations;
• lowering cholesterol levels;
• elimination of intestinal inflammation;
• elimination of various rashes on skin– while improving the condition of the skin (read from atopic dermatitis in children);
• helping the body to produce vitamin K, folic acid, biotin (when breaking down food);
• normalization of metabolism;
• prevention of dysbacteriosis;
• participation in the formation of essential amino acids, the release of antioxidants;
• elimination of signs of infection in the intestines due to the fight against pathogenic microorganisms (read about and methods of treatment).

In order to select the best probiotics to restore the intestinal microflora, one should determine the cause of the lack of beneficial microorganisms, manifested in constipation, flatulence, IBS, antibiotic-associated and infectious diarrhea.

Classification of probiotics

The considered beneficial microorganisms are classified by type of bacteria, by composition, by form of release, and also by generation.
1

According to the type of bacteria in its composition

1. Bifidobacteria. This group includes probiotics for the intestines with constipation (Bifiform, Bifidumbacterin, Bifikol, Probifor, Bifiliz). Constipation in newborns is treated with help - follow the link to learn how to use them.
2. Lactobacilli. They contain dozens of species, belong to the group of lactic acid bacteria (Acipol, Lactobacterin, Biobacton, Acylact).
3. Colour-containing agents. The composition includes non-pathogenic Escherichia coli (Bifikol, Colibacterin, Bioflor).
4. Enterococci. Contain beneficial bacteria (Bifiform, Linex).
5. Non-pathogenic yeast fungi and bacteria. Used to treat gastrointestinal infections separate view probiotics - self-eliminating antagonists (Enterol, Sporobacterin, Biosporin, Bactisubtil, Bactisporin).

Probiotics containing bifidobacteria include Bifiform and Bifidumbacterin

Bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, non-pathogenic Escherichia coli inhabit to a greater extent colon, enterococci - mainly the small intestine, to a lesser extent - the large intestine.
2

Composition

Probiotics also differ in several types according to their composition:

1. Synbiotics. Such drugs have combined composition, which consists of probiotics and prebiotics.
2. Sorption. The best probiotics for removing toxic substances from the human body. Consist of enterosorbents and beneficial microorganisms.
3. Monocomponent. The composition of such products contains only 1 type of bacteria that have a beneficial effect on the microflora.
4. metabolic. Consist of metabolic products of beneficial microorganisms.
5. Recombinant. The composition of such drugs includes bacteria obtained in the process of gene modifications.
6. Polycomponent. Medicines that include 2 or more types of non-pathogenic microorganisms.

Probiotic Linex is available in capsules.

By release form

Drugs are available in several forms:

• in liquid form (Trilakt, Biovestin-lacto, Narine, Normoflorin, Laktoflor, Floristin);
• in enteric capsules (Linex, Bifiform, Acipol);
• in the form of powders (Lactobacterin, Colibacterin, Bifidumbacterin);
• in sorption form (Bificol Forte, Bifidobacterin, Ecoflor).

By generation

In pharmacology, there are 4 generations of medicinal probiotics. List of probiotics for the intestines by generation:

1. One-component medicines, which contain one type of bacteria:

• Bifidumbacterin;
• Mutaflor;
• Lactobacterin;
• Colibacterin.

• Enterol;
• Sporobacterin;
• Baktistatin;
• Biosporin;
• Baktisubtil.

1. Multicomponent symbiotic medicines containing bioadditives:

• Acipol;
• Bifiform;
• Acylact;
• Biovestin-Lacto;
• Linex;
• Bifiliz.

1. Combined sorbed bifid-containing probiotic preparations with immunomodulatory properties (probiotics for children under one year old):

• Bifidumbacterin Forte;
• Florin Forte;
• Probifor.

One-component drugs include Bifidumbacterin and Mutaflor

In most cases, a huge selection of drugs to restore normal microflora in humans causes confusion when choosing a medicine.

Probiotics in foods

The microorganisms in question are found in some foods:

• in kefir, yogurt and other lactic acid products;
• sauerkraut;
• cottage cheese and cheese;
• miso soup;
• tofu, soy sauce;
• sourdough bread;
• artichokes, onions, leeks;
• bananas.

How to receive funds

The table shows the best probiotics for the intestines for children by age and adults. And in the article on you can find a list of the best preparations containing vitamin D that can be given to infants, the deficiency of which leads to.

Name of the drug / release form	Age category / dosage and method of application	Contraindications	Side effects	average cost
Bifiform (capsules)	Adults for the treatment of acute diarrhea - 1 pc. 4 times; adults for the normalization of microflora - 2-3 pcs. per day for 1-3 weeks; children from 2 years - 1 cap. 2-3 times a day. If the child is not able to swallow the medicine, you can open the capsule and dilute the contents in a small amount of water.	Individual hypersensitivity to substances that are part of the drug	Not identified	470 rub.
Bifidumbacterin (powder, capsules) - can be considered as a children's probiotic	Powder from birth to 1 year - 1 pack. 2-3 times a day; older than 1 year - 1 pack. 3-4 times a day; adults - 2 packs. 2-3 times a day. from 3 years - 1 cap. 3-4 times a day; adults - 2 caps. 2-3 times a day	Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug	Possibly an allergy	400 rub.
Linex (capsules) - perfect as a probiotic for children after antibiotics	From birth to 2 years - 1 cap. 3 times a day; from 2 to 12 years - no more than 2 cap. 3 times a day; from 12 years old - 2 cap. 3 times a day. Take after meals with a small amount of liquid. Babies can dilute the contents of the capsule in a spoonful of water	lactose intolerance, high sensitivity to the medicine	Allergic reaction	500 rub.
Lactobacterin (tablets, ampoules, vials with liquid contents)	From 0 to 6 months - 3 doses of dry contents 2 times a day; from 6 months up to a year - 3 doses no more than 3 times a day; from 1 year to 3 years - 5 doses 2 times a day; from 3 years and adults - 5 doses 2-3 times a day. Dilute the medicine before use boiled water, consume 30 minutes before meals	candidiasis, hypersensitivity	In rare cases, an allergic manifestation	200 rub.
Florin Forte (powder sachets)	From 0 to 6 months - 1 pack. 2 times a day; from 6 months up to 3 years - 1 pack. 3 times a day; from 3 to 12 years - 1 pack. 3-4 times a day; from 12 years old - 2 packs. 3 times a day. Consume with meals	Individual intolerance to lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, lactose	Not installed	350 rub.
Enterol (capsules, powder)	From 1 to 3 years - 1 cap. 2 times a day for 5 days; adults - 1 cap. 1-2 times a day for 10 days. Take the medicine one hour before meals, drink liquid	High sensitivity to drug components, central venous catheter	Allergic reactions are possible pain in the stomach	340 rub.
Probifor (capsules, powder sachets)	From 0 to 6 months - 1 pack. 2 times a day; from 6 months - 1 pack. no more than 4 times a day; up to 7 years and adults - 2-3 drops. 2 times a day	Congenital lactase deficiency, malabsorption of glucose-galactose	Not observed	435 rub.
Ecoflor (bag with granules)	From 3 to 5 years - 3 g no more than 2 times a day; from 5 to 10 years - 5 g 2 times a day; from 10 years - 5 g no more than 2-3 times a day	Ulcerative diseases in the acute stage, individual intolerance to the drug	Possible allergic reactions	65 rub.
Trilact (suspension)	From 18 months up to 12 years - 2-3 ml per day; adults - 3-5 ml per day	Individual intolerance to the components of the drug	Not identified	80 rub.
Mutaflor (capsules)	From 15 years - 1-2 capsules per day	High sensitivity to the composition of the drug	Possible bloating, flatulence, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, pain in the abdomen, headache, skin peeling, allergic manifestations	11 000 rub.
Colibacterin (powder)	from 6 to 12 months - 2-4 doses per day; from 1 to 3 years - 4-8 doses per day; adults - 6-12 doses per day	Severe allergic manifestations, individual intolerance	In rare cases, flatulence, intestinal pain	230 rub.

Contraindications

Probiotics and prebiotics for the intestines are strictly not recommended for use:

• with blood cancer;
• AIDS;
• weakened immunity.

The use of probiotics for children and adults in the presence of the above diseases can contribute to the development of infection and blood poisoning.

Conclusion

probiotics play important role in strengthening immunity. However, the action of each type of live bacteria is different, so you can not self-medicate. Only a doctor should prescribe probiotics for the intestines.

As you know, the intestines are inhabited by various types of microorganisms that closely interact with each other. Most of them provide positive action helping to digest and assimilate food. When, for certain reasons, the normal bacterial balance is disturbed and beneficial bacteria are replaced by pathogenic flora, they speak of the development of dysbacteriosis.

This condition can lead to quite serious disorders of the digestive system and the whole organism. Therefore, it is very important to timely treatment aimed at restoring the balance of microflora. For this, various pharmaceutical preparations and folk remedies. However, before such treatment, it is necessary to establish the cause of this phenomenon.

Why is there a violation of the intestinal microflora, the treatment of this condition, how is it carried out? How to restore bacterial balance with folk recipes? Let's talk about it today. Well, first, let's find out what the intestinal microflora is and what it is for:

The function of the intestinal microflora

With the help of beneficial bacteria, which are part of it, many processes occurring in the body are regulated. In particular, they help the intestines digest food, assimilate the beneficial substances in it. Bacteria are involved in metabolic processes help support immunity. With their help, the body synthesizes some vitamins necessary for its normal operation.

However, the intestines are inhabited not only by beneficial, but also by pathogenic microorganisms. But the composition of the human intestinal microflora is always such that there are always much fewer of them, so they do not have a pronounced negative impact for well-being. However, if the balance of microflora is disturbed, beneficial bacteria cease to cope with their function. The pathogenic intestinal flora begins to increase the number of its bacteria.

Then a variety of health problems arise. Therefore, it is so important to establish the cause of the resulting imbalance and begin to eliminate dysbacteriosis.

Violation of the intestinal microflora - the main causes

Most often, the imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria occurs for the following reasons:

Long-term use of certain drugs, antibiotic treatment.

Nutritional disorders: the predominance of food poor in vitamins in the diet, fast food, eating dry food, snacking on the run, eating foods with high content chemical substances.

Reduced immunity, in particular, due to infectious and inflammatory diseases, exacerbation of chronic ailments.

Alcohol abuse, food poisoning.

Frequent stress, the effect of physical inactivity on the human body (a sedentary lifestyle).

Surgical intervention on the gastrointestinal tract, the presence of gastritis, colitis, peptic ulcer etc.

Symptoms of a violation of the intestinal microflora

The clinical picture of this condition depends on the type of microbiological imbalance. Simply put, from the predominance or insufficiency of certain microorganisms that make up the microflora. To common features include:

Digestive disorders: constipation, diarrhea.

Dyspeptic phenomena: signs of ongoing putrefactive processes and fermentation, for example: bloating, increased gas formation in the intestines, rumbling, heaviness, colic, pain in the abdomen, as well as nausea, heartburn and belching. These phenomena give a person severe discomfort, disrupt the usual course of life.

In addition, dysbacteriosis is characterized by bad breath in the morning and during the day and allergic phenomena. Also, many patients note the appearance of frequent headaches, sweating, general weakness and malaise. Sometimes there is increased dryness of the skin of the face and body in general, as well as increased hair loss.

If timely measures are not taken to restore the bacterial balance, the violations only worsen and can lead to serious health problems.

Treatment of disorders of the intestinal microflora

Restoration of microflora is always carried out in a complex manner, with the use of certain drugs, diet and increased physical activity.

The set of measures includes two main groups medications: prebiotics and probiotics. Patients are prescribed: Lactobacterin, Florin Forte, as well as Linex Acilact and Biobacton, which include bifidus and lactobacilli. The most effective is simultaneous reception prebiotics and probiotics.

Also, drugs are used, which, in addition to bifidobacteria, include other representatives of the beneficial flora. These funds include, in particular: Bifidumbacterin, Bificol and Bifiform, as well as Portalak, Romphalac and Duphalac (instructions for the use of each drug before using it must be studied personally from the official annotation included in the package!).

Very often, patients are prescribed the drug Hilak Forte (drops). This is a very effective prebiotic that is suitable for people of all ages, it can even be given to newborn babies.

If dysbacteriosis is caused long-term use antibacterial drugs, after the course of treatment, probiotics are prescribed for prevention. They are also used in the treatment of patients with chronic non-specific inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

In the case of chronic bowel diseases, therapy becomes more complicated. Some bifidobacteria and lactobacilli will not cope here. Therefore, in addition to the listed and other drugs included in the treatment regimen, patients are prescribed to additionally take enzymes.

Such an integrated approach significantly improves digestion processes, relieves symptoms and speeds up recovery.

After the restoration of the microflora, patients are recommended to include in the diet fermented milk products containing live beneficial bacteria: bifido-kefir, natural yoghurts, curdled milk, etc.

Violation of the intestinal microflora - alternative treatment

At its core, folk remedies for dysbacteriosis contain healthy foods, which have a bactericidal and pronounced prebiotic effect. Healing herbs used in the treatment have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Here are some effective, proven recipes to use:

Combine together an equal amount of crushed raw materials of the coltsfoot plant, calamus root and St. John's wort. We also need the herb Veronica officinalis. Add the same amount of anise leaves and blackberries. Mix well.

Prepare the infusion: 1 tbsp. l. mixture in a glass of boiling water. If you use a thermos, the infusion will be ready in half an hour. When it cools down a bit, pour it into a clean bowl through cheesecloth. Take a third of a glass, before meals, for 2 weeks.

This mixture will help to quickly restore the microflora: grind 10 sunflower and pumpkin seeds with a coffee grinder, add 10 walnut kernels, mix. Pour into a glass, fill with warm boiled water. Leave for half an hour. Then stir everything and drink, divided into two doses. Course - 10 days.

To improve the functioning of the intestines, improve the composition of its microflora, healers recommend eating 1/2 cloves of fresh garlic daily (from once to 4 times a day according to well-being). To avoid the appearance of a specific smell, you can swallow a small clove whole or cut in half. It is recommended to drink yogurt or fresh kefir.

As we have already mentioned, one of the main causes of dysbacteriosis is an incorrect, unbalanced diet.

Therefore, be sure to normalize your diet. It should be complete, contain foods rich in vitamins and minerals. You also need to completely abandon alcohol on your own and forever, as well as smoking. These two bad habits are very damaging to health. With the normalization of nutrition, problems with intestinal microflora. Be healthy!

The human body exists in interaction with many microorganisms. A huge number of them are found in every person on the skin, mucous membranes and in the intestines. They maintain balance with the environment and ensure the proper functioning of the body. The normal intestinal microflora is especially important for health. After all, the beneficial bacteria that exist in it are involved in the processes of digestion, metabolism, in the production of many vitamins and enzymes, as well as in maintaining the defenses. But the microflora is a very fragile and sensitive system, so the number of beneficial bacteria often decreases. In this case, dysbacteriosis develops, which has serious consequences for human health.

What is microflora

The intestinal microflora is a complex of many types of microorganisms that exist in symbiosis with a person and benefit him. At birth in a child, the intestines are just beginning to be populated by these bacteria due to its interaction with environment. The formation of normal microflora in children occurs within a few years. Usually, only by the age of 12-13 does a child form the same composition of microflora as in an adult.

The human digestive tract is not entirely inhabited by bacteria. in the stomach and small intestine they are not there, because there is very high acidity, and they simply do not survive. But closer to the large intestine, the number of microorganisms increases.

In the presence of normal intestinal microflora, digestive problems are rare. But it often happens that the balance is disturbed: beneficial bacteria die, and pathogenic ones begin to multiply rapidly. At the same time, there are unpleasant symptoms called dysbacteriosis. Many doctors do not consider it separate disease, although such a pathology can bring a lot of problems to a person. And it may appear in the background absolute health the entire digestive system.

Compound

In the intestines healthy person there are about 100 billion different bacteria, which belong to several hundred species - according to various sources, from 300 to 1000. But research by scientists has determined that only 30-40 varieties of bacteria really have a beneficial effect on the functioning of the body. Each person has their own microflora composition. It is influenced by the type of food, habits, the presence of diseases of the digestive tract.

About 99% of all bacteria living in the intestines are beneficial microorganisms. They are involved in digestion and the synthesis of necessary enzymes, support immunity. But each person also has a pathogenic flora, although usually it is only 1%. These are staphylococci, proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and others. If the number of these bacteria increases, dysbacteriosis develops.

Bifidobacteria are the main type of beneficial microorganisms that live in the large intestine. They ensure the maintenance of strong immunity and protect the intestines from the reproduction of pathogenic flora. In addition, bifidobacteria are an important participant in the digestive process. They help to break down and assimilate proteins, amino acids.

Another group of beneficial microorganisms is lactobacilli. They are also called natural antibiotics, since their main function is to protect the intestines from colonization by pathogenic bacteria, as well as to strengthen and maintain the immune system. In addition, beneficial bacteria also include enterococci, coli, bacteroids. These are the main microorganisms that are necessary for the normal functioning of the intestine.

Meaning

AT recent times scientists are increasingly talking about the beneficial functions of the intestinal flora. They found that it is so important for the normal functioning of the whole organism that its slightest violation immediately affects the state of health. Therefore, now often in the complex treatment of many diseases include drugs to restore the balance of microorganisms.

After all, the normal microflora of the large intestine performs several important tasks in the human body. The most important job of beneficial gut bacteria is to participate in the process of digestion. They accelerate the absorption of amino acids and vitamins, help break down proteins, synthesize some digestive enzymes. Another function of the microflora is that bacteria produce many vitamins, essential amino acids, and other beneficial substances. They are involved in the synthesis of B vitamins, nicotinic acid improve the absorption of iron.

The main function of beneficial intestinal microflora is to improve digestion.

The protective function is that beneficial bacteria prevent the reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms, protecting the body from infectious diseases. In addition, the microflora performs an immunomodulatory function - it helps to maintain the body's defenses and strengthens the immune system. Beneficial bacteria are involved in the formation of immunoglobulin, which is necessary for good health. The cleansing function of microflora is that beneficial microorganisms accelerate the removal of various toxins and metabolic products from the intestines, and participate in the neutralization of poisons.

Reasons for violation

intestinal flora violated in most cases through the fault of the person himself. His misbehavior and nutrition, bad habits, untreated chronic diseases- all this can lead to a change in the balance of microorganisms.

Improper nutrition is one of the main causes of dysbacteriosis. Violation of the intestinal microflora occurs if it does not receive enough dietary fiber, which serve as a breeding ground for beneficial bacteria. In addition, this happens with a monotonous diet, adherence to strict diets, the predominance of harmful foods in the diet.

The balance of microorganisms can be disturbed by the use of fast food, alcoholic beverages, fatty and fried foods, a large number of preservatives, sweets, pastries and chemical additives. Because of this, beneficial bacteria die, and the processes of decay and fermentation that develop with such nutrition contribute to the growth pathogenic microflora.

common cause dysbactriasis becomes a long-term use of some medicines. First of all, these are antibiotics and antiseptics that destroy not only pathogenic bacteria, but also beneficial ones. It is especially harmful to take such drugs without a doctor's prescription, since specialists usually include means to restore microflora in the complex treatment. Dysbacteriosis can also cause immunosuppressants and hormonal agents, such as birth control. Passion for enemas and other cleansing procedures can disrupt the microflora, as they simply wash out beneficial bacteria.

In addition, dysbacteriosis can also develop for other reasons:

• hormonal disruptions;
• a sharp change in climate, for example, when moving;
• bad habits - smoking and drinking alcohol;
• diseases of the digestive tract - gastritis, duodenitis, pancreatitis;
• decreased immunity;
• transferred infectious or inflammatory diseases, for example, often the microflora is disturbed after diarrhea;
• individual intolerance to certain products, such as milk or cereals;
• severe stress and mental strain;
• overwork and lack of sleep;
• passion for antibacterial hygiene products, excessive cleanliness;
• poisoning with poor-quality food or drinking dirty water.

Symptoms of dysbacteriosis

When the balance of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria is disturbed, serious changes occur in the body. First of all, they affect the digestive process. In addition, malabsorption of nutrients leads to a general deterioration in the condition. Each person develops an individual reaction to such changes.

But usually dysbacteriosis is characterized by the following symptoms:

• violation of the chair;
• bloating, increased gas formation;
• constipation or diarrhea, often alternating;
• stomach ache;
• nausea, vomiting;
• loss of appetite;
• weakness, decreased performance;
• depression, irritability;
• avitaminosis;
• skin allergic reactions.

If a person has a disturbed intestinal microflora, he is tormented by flatulence, abdominal pain, impaired stool

To effectively cure dysbacteriosis, you need to take into account its stage. At the initial stage, the balance of microorganisms is only slightly disturbed, which happens, for example, after the use of antibiotics or junk food. At the same time, it is possible to restore the microflora without drugs, only by adjusting the diet, for example, by including more fermented milk products. After all, at this stage they often talk about the development of transient or transient dysbacteriosis. Often the body can handle it on its own. Serious treatment necessary at stages 3 and 4 of the development of pathology. At the same time, there appear severe symptoms dysbacteriosis: stool disorder, abdominal pain, beriberi, apathy and chronic fatigue.

Features of treatment

To restore normal intestinal microflora, it is necessary, first of all, to undergo an examination and determine the cause of the pathology. In addition, you need to find out what changes have occurred in the composition of the microflora. For the choice of treatment, it is important not only the ratio of beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, but also their number. To do this, do sowing feces for dysbacteriosis. It is prescribed when the patient complains of a violation of the chair, increased fatigue and flatulence. A fecal examination combined with such symptoms helps to make a correct diagnosis. This is important in order not to miss the development of more serious illnesses: ulcerative colitis, intestinal obstruction, Crohn's disease.

But even if the analysis showed the usual dysbacteriosis, therapy should be started immediately. After all, beneficial microorganisms do a lot important functions, and without them, the work of all organs deteriorates.

Treatment of dysbacteriosis begins with a change in diet. It is necessary to follow a diet that would provide the body with all the necessary nutrients but did not interfere with digestion. It is necessary to exclude all foods that destroy beneficial microorganisms or cause flatulence: fatty meat, legumes, mushrooms, cabbage, onions, pastries, sweets. You need to stop drinking alcohol, coffee, carbonated drinks.

At the initial stage of the disease, it is possible to normalize the microflora only with the help of these measures. But in more serious cases, the use of special medications is necessary. They should be prescribed by a doctor depending on the composition of the microflora, the degree of its violation and general condition sick.

Medications

Usually, to improve the intestinal microflora, it is recommended to take probiotics - products containing live beneficial bacteria. Usually they include bifidobacteria or lactobacilli. The most effective are complex preparations that contain several different microorganisms.

The best drugs that restore the intestinal microflora are Bifidumbacterin, Lactobacterin, Bifistim, Bifiform, Acipol, Acilact, Ermital. Recently, often prescribed complex means: Linex, Hilak Forte, Maxilak, Florin, Bifikol. It is also recommended to take prebiotics - products that create a breeding ground for beneficial bacteria. These are Normase, Duphalac, Portalac.

In addition, drugs are sometimes used to help eliminate the causes of microflora disorders. These can be enzymes, hepatoprotectors and other means that improve digestion. And vitamins are needed to restore immunity and the body's defenses.

Most often, to restore the intestinal microflora, it is recommended to take probiotics.

Scheme for the treatment of complex cases

Severe course dysbacteriosis requires special treatment. Conventional drugs to restore microflora in this case will no longer help, so the doctor prescribes other drugs according to a special scheme. Usually, such a pathology is associated with the rapid multiplication of pathogenic flora in the intestine, so it is important to destroy it. But antibiotics are not suitable for this, as they further disrupt the microflora.

Therefore, special intestinal antibiotics, which act only on pathogenic bacteria, without destroying beneficial ones. This may be the drug Enterol containing yeast-like substances Saccharomyces. They are a favorable environment for the reproduction of beneficial microflora, but are detrimental to pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the drugs Ersefuril, Furazolidone, Enterofunil, Pyobacteriophage are effective in these cases. And if there are contraindications, you can take Hilak Forte, which has a detrimental effect on some harmful bacteria.

After the destruction of pathogenic microflora, it is necessary to drink a course of enterosobents to cleanse the intestines from the remnants of these bacteria and their metabolic products. It is best to use Enterosgel, Laktofiltrum, Polisorb or Filtrum Sti for this. And only after that they take drugs to populate the intestines with beneficial microorganisms, as well as prebiotics - products containing dietary fiber, which are a nutrient medium for them.

Folk methods

In addition to the treatment prescribed by the doctor, and in mild cases - on your own - you can use folk remedies. There are several popular recipes that will help restore the intestinal microflora:

• more sour fresh apples;
• before eating, drink half a glass of slightly warmed brine from sauerkraut;
• every day there are fresh or dried lingonberries;
• instead of tea, drink decoctions of herbs: currant leaves, mint, plantain, chamomile flowers, St. John's wort;
• it is useful to drink an infusion of beets, to which apple cider vinegar and clove buds are added.

The normal state of the intestinal microflora is very important for human health. Therefore, when the first symptoms of dysbacteriosis appear, it is necessary to begin special treatment. But it is better to prevent its occurrence, avoiding that which contributes to the destruction of beneficial bacteria.