How to treat a wound afterwards. What to do if the wound on your leg does not heal for a long time. Treatment of an open weeping wound

24.10.2018

With an open wound, treatment and the use of antibacterial drugs are required, because if an infection occurs, it can begin to rot. First of all, you need to disinfect the wound and seek help from medical institution.

Symptoms

An open wound means the destruction of the entire skin and internal tissues. If you do not start treating an open wound in time, the following complications may occur:

Severe blood loss and anemia;
Affected important muscles and organs can cause complications in further treatment;
Blood poisoning.

Symptoms of an open wound:

pain,
bleeding,
soft tissue defects,
improper functioning of legs and arms.

The patient may also be in shock and have an infection. When an open wound heals depends on the severity of the disease and timely treatment.

Kinds

With timely and correct treatment, wound healing occurs quickly and does not cause complications. If bleeding is severe, seek medical attention and timely treatment wounds with medicinal preparations.

Open wounds are divided into several types:

An incised wound is a cut made by some sharp object.
A puncture wound, there is minor damage, but it is very deep and can affect important internal organs. For example, improper use of an awl.
Laceration wound, this type of injury is formed as a result of ruptures of soft tissue. Characterized by heavy bleeding and severe pain.
A surgical suture occurs as a result of surgical intervention.

Diagnostics

In order to correctly prescribe treatment, the doctor must examine the patient at the initial examination, the history of the disease and the cause of the injury. After this, he only begins to treat the patient.

The severity of the disease is assessed by the patient’s well-being, pain, presence of bleeding. It is also established by examining and questioning the victim what types of wounds were inflicted on him.

Treatment

For a shallow cut wound, if the tendon or muscle is slightly damaged, it must be treated with antimicrobial agents and covered with sterile gauze. If the cut is small, you can cover it with a band-aid.

A puncture wound needs to be examined and treated by a physician, as surgery is required in most cases. The treatment required here is as follows: stop the bleeding and treat with antiseptics. If the bleeding does not stop, apply a sterile bandage until the bleeding stops. The patient is given an injection of tetanus serum. In severe cases, oxygen is given to breathe, and if it is necessary to revive the patient, ammonia is given.

For a lacerated wound, you need to treat it with hydrogen peroxide and apply a sterile bandage. To collect damaged skin, you can consult a doctor so that he can do it correctly and provide timely treatment. Before starting treatment of an open wound, it is necessary to find out the reasons for its occurrence, the severity of the damage and the presence of infection.

Only surgeons know how to properly treat an open leg wound. Before you begin treating an open wound on the leg that was caused by a sharp object, you need to correctly determine the cause of the damage and the severity of the cut.

Treatment will be effective if a number of measures are taken:

Provide first aid
Treat damage correctly
Take timely treatment and care.

Proper first aid

First you need to stop the bleeding, so a tourniquet is applied. The edges of the wound should be treated with antiseptics and a sterile bandage applied. Foreign bodies must be removed using tweezers; the edges can be pre-treated with alcohol. If there is a wound and there is deep damage, you should not remove the item yourself; it is better if a doctor provides assistance and prescribes correct treatment. To prevent infection of the damage, it is necessary to treat it with antibacterial agents. After completing all mandatory procedures, apply a sterile bandage.

What antiseptics are used to treat open wounds: furatsilin or chlorhexidine solution. Streptocide powder also has disinfecting properties. A 3% solution of potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide and a 2% solution of chloramine are also used. Iodine is not recommended for use; it can cause skin burns. You can use brilliant green as an antiseptic.

Healing ointments can also be used to treat open wounds. Even a small wound, in the presence of infection, can provoke the risk of disease. After proper treatment of the open wound, it is left alone for two days, then healing ointments can be used. The ointment quickly restores damaged tissue, has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial actions. Doctors advise treating wounds with ointment, after treatment primary care. With timely use of the ointment, not only will the wound heal quickly, but scars will disappear.

List of healing ointments:

Baneocin, recommended for burns and deep wounds.
Levomekol, a very effective ointment, has an antibacterial effect.
Solcoseryl not only has a healing effect, but also reduces pain.
Eplan, effective remedy and for all types of wounds.

To apply healing ointment to an open wound correctly, it is best to apply a thin layer, this is done so that oxygen penetrates. Then the healing of the wound will be accelerated, otherwise, with a thick layer of ointment, rotting may begin.

Subsequently, you can treat the wound with folk remedies, but first you need to consult with your doctor so as not to cause reverse effect. The following herbs and components have healing properties:

propolis,
willow bark,
St. John's wort and plantain leaves.

If the wound is festering, you can use folk method: Apply a freshly cut aloe leaf, it draws out the pus from the wound. Once the pus disappears, the wound can be lubricated with sea buckthorn oil. Be sure to show the purulent wound to a doctor and consult with your doctor about the use of these remedies. In some cases you will only need drug treatment. In case of complications, only a doctor can help.

The key to rapid healing of an open wound is timely disinfection of the cut with antiseptics and restoration of muscle tissue. It is better not to self-medicate, but to treat a small open wound and seek help from a doctor. In case of a severe wound, it is necessary to call ambulance or go to a medical facility where they will provide effective treatment from the first days.

The skin is the largest organ of the human body. When the skin is cut, complex biochemical processes begin to occur in the body aimed at tissue restoration. Treating cuts using natural herbal antiseptics and ointments can speed up the healing process and reduce the chance of scarring. In this article, we will tell you how to clean and treat cuts.

Steps

Part 1

Cleaning the wound

Wash the wound with mild soap and water. Run warm running water over the cut, then apply a very small amount of mild soap to the affected area. Very gently pat the area around the wound, then rinse off the soap with warm water. This will help remove dirt that could cause infection.

Stop the bleeding. If the wound is still bleeding after you have cleaned it, apply sterile gauze (bandage) to it and apply pressure (without fanaticism). There is no need to rub the wound, otherwise it will open. Once the bleeding has stopped, the gauze can be removed. After this, apply a bandage to the cut, again in the form of gauze or a bandage (the main thing is that they are sterile).

If possible, rinse the wound again with saline solution to clean it and prevent infection. Use 0.9% saline solution. Saline solution is the safest option in this regard. Saline solution is a 0.9% saline solution, called isotonic because its salt concentration is similar to the salt concentration in the blood. Use a saline solution every time you need to clean the wound.

Do not use hydrogen peroxide or iodine. Although hydrogen peroxide is commonly recommended for treating wounds, it is not actually very effective at killing bacteria. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide slows down the healing process and irritates the wound. Iodine also irritates cuts.

It is better to use clean water or saline solution to wash wounds.

Part 2

Use an ointment containing colloidal silver. Silver is a natural antimicrobial agent and has been used since ancient times. An ointment containing 0.5% to 1% colloidal silver will reduce the risk of infection. You can buy this ointment at most pharmacies.

Use a natural antiseptic. Some herbs are natural antimicrobials that prevent cuts from infection. Some herbal products may interact with other medications, so check with your doctor or pharmacist before using them.

Use aloe to treat minor cuts. Apply aloe vera gel to the shallow wound several times a day. However, if you have a deep wound, do not use this remedy as it will slow down healing.
- Aloe reduces inflammation and moisturizes the wound.
- In rare cases it is observed allergic reaction on aloe vera. If your skin becomes red or irritated, stop using aloe and consult a doctor.
Use honey. Honey has antibacterial and moisturizing properties. Look for Manuka honey, which is the best variety honey for treating wounds.

Protect the cut. After applying to the wound remedy Apply a bandage to the cut and secure it with a bandage. Use a sterile bandage or gauze as a bandage. Protect the cut until the wound heals.

Part 3

Fast healing

Eat more protein foods and vitamins. You can speed up wound healing by increasing your intake of protein and vitamins that promote skin regeneration, especially vitamins A and C. Zinc has a positive effect on wound healing. If you don't get enough nutrients, the healing process will slow down. Include the following foods in your diet:

Use witch hazel to relieve wound inflammation. Witch hazel is a natural anti-inflammatory that helps relieve inflammation and reduce redness (as the wound heals). Apply witch hazel to the cut with a clean cotton swab.

Witch hazel can be purchased at a pharmacy.

Drink plenty of water. Drink at least 250 ml of water or soft drinks (no caffeine!) every two hours. This will replenish the fluid lost by the body through sweating (if you have heat) or bleeding. Dehydration can cause the following complications:
- dry skin;
- headache;
- muscle spasms;
- low blood pressure.
Do some light exercise. This will increase the body's resistance to infection, reduce inflammation and speed up healing. But do not put pressure on the part of your body where the cut is. Exercise at least three times a week for 30–45 minutes. Ask your doctor if exercise will benefit you. Here is a list of easy ones physical exercise low intensity:
- walking;
- yoga;
- working with light weights;
- cycling (at a speed of 8–14 km/h);
- swimming.
Use ice if swelling or inflammation persists or is uncomfortable. Cold temperatures will reduce pain and stop bleeding.
- Wet a towel and place it in the freezer for 15 minutes.
- Place the frozen towel in a bag and apply it to the wound.
- Do not apply ice to open or infected wounds.
- Do not apply ice to the skin to avoid damaging it.
Use a humidifier. A moist environment speeds up wound healing. Use a humidifier to increase humidity environment and prevent drying and cracking of the skin. Make sure the humidifier is clean to avoid spreading bacteria and infecting the wound.
- If the humidity level is too high, mold and mites may grow.
- If the humidity level is too low, your skin will dry out and your throat and nose will become irritated.
- Measure air humidity using a hygrostat, which can be purchased at hardware or specialty stores.

Part 4

Handling severe cases

Determine how deep the cut is. Examine the wound carefully to assess whether you need to go to the doctor or if you can treat it at home. If the cut is very deep, see a doctor. If the wound is serious, stitches may be needed. Contact the emergency room if the following signs are present:

Stop the bleeding. Regardless of the depth of the cut, the first step is to stop the bleeding. Apply a sterile bandage to the wound and hold it until the bleeding stops. Once you have stopped the bleeding, you can continue to treat the wound.
- Don't press too hard. If you press too hard, you may only make the problem worse.
- If blood seeps through the bandage, place another one on top to absorb the blood.
- Visit your doctor if the bleeding is too severe and cannot be stopped with pressure.
Use tourniquet only in very serious cases. Use it only when you are losing an alarming amount of blood. Improper application of a tourniquet can cause serious damage to the limbs and may even lead to amputation.

Do not remove scabs. They should fall off naturally.
Try to keep the skin around the wound moisturized, as dry skin will cause the scabs to peel off, which will interfere with healing (which may result in scars).
Use Vaseline whenever possible.
Avoid touching the wound too often to speed up healing.
Do not use scented ointments or products that contain chemicals. Face or body cream is not suitable for wound healing.
Before use natural remedies, test them on an inconspicuous area of skin to make sure there is no allergy.

Warnings

If you have a severe cut or burn, do not use the methods described in this article and seek immediate medical attention.
Protect the cut from exposure sun rays, as scars may form (especially if the cut is exposed to the sun for more than 10 minutes).

With an open wound, treatment and the use of antibacterial drugs are required, because if an infection occurs, it can begin to rot. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to disinfect the wound and seek help from a medical facility.

Symptoms

An open wound means the destruction of the entire skin and internal tissues. If you do not start treating an open wound in time, the following complications may occur:

Severe blood loss and anemia;
Affected important muscles and organs can cause complications in further treatment;
Blood poisoning.

Symptoms of an open wound:

pain,
bleeding,
soft tissue defects,
improper functioning of legs and arms.

The patient may also be in shock and have an infection. When an open wound heals depends on the severity of the disease and timely treatment.

Kinds

With timely and correct treatment, wound healing occurs quickly and does not cause complications. In case of severe bleeding, the help of a doctor and timely treatment of the wound with medications are required.

Open wounds are divided into several types:

An incised wound is a cut made by some sharp object.
A puncture wound, there is minor damage, but it is very deep and can affect important internal organs. For example, improper use of an awl.
Laceration wound, this type of injury is formed as a result of ruptures of soft tissue. Characterized by severe bleeding and severe pain.
A surgical suture occurs as a result of surgical intervention.

Diagnostics

The severity of the disease is assessed by the patient’s well-being, pain, and the presence of bleeding. It is also established by examining and questioning the victim what types of wounds were inflicted on him.

Treatment

Only surgeons know how to properly treat an open leg wound. Before you begin treating an open wound on the leg that was caused by a sharp object, you need to correctly determine the cause of the damage and the severity of the cut.

Treatment will be effective if a number of measures are taken:

Provide first aid
Treat damage correctly
Take timely treatment and care.

Proper first aid

First you need to stop the bleeding, so a tourniquet is applied. The edges of the wound should be treated with antiseptics and a sterile bandage applied. Foreign bodies must be removed using tweezers; the edges can be pre-treated with alcohol. If there is a wound and there is deep damage, you should not remove the object yourself; it is better if a doctor provides help and prescribes the correct treatment. To prevent infection of the damage, it is necessary to treat it with antibacterial agents. After completing all the required procedures, apply a sterile bandage.

Healing ointments can also be used to treat open wounds. Even a small wound, in the presence of infection, can provoke the risk of disease. After proper treatment of the open wound, it is left alone for two days, then healing ointments can be used. The ointment quickly restores damaged tissue and has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. Doctors advise treating wounds with ointment after providing primary care. With timely use of the ointment, not only will the wound heal quickly, but scars will disappear.

List of healing ointments:

Baneocin, recommended for burns and deep wounds.
Levomekol, a very effective ointment, has an antibacterial effect.
Solcoseryl not only has a healing effect, but also reduces pain.
Eplan is an effective remedy for all types of wounds.

Subsequently, you can treat the wound with folk remedies, but you must first consult with your doctor so as not to cause the opposite effect. The following herbs and components have healing properties:

propolis,
willow bark,
St. John's wort and plantain leaves.

If the wound is festering, you can use the traditional method: apply a freshly cut aloe leaf, it draws out the pus from the wound. Once the pus disappears, the wound can be lubricated with sea buckthorn oil. Be sure to show the purulent wound to a doctor and consult with your doctor about the use of these remedies. In some cases, only drug treatment will be required. In case of complications, only a doctor can help.

The key to rapid healing of an open wound is timely disinfection of the cut with antiseptics and restoration of muscle tissue. It is better not to self-medicate, but to treat a small open wound and seek help from a doctor. In case of a severe wound, it is necessary to call an ambulance or go to a medical facility, where they will provide effective treatment from the first days.

Beauty and Health Health

Hardly anyone wants to get injuries and wounds on purpose, but many people get them. The risk group includes athletes, people of certain professions, hyperactive children and adolescents; In addition, unfortunately, the cause of injuries is often a simple failure to comply with life safety rules. But here we will not talk about how to avoid injuries and wounds, but about how to heal them faster if they have already appeared.

Means for rapid wound healing

If you immediately treat the wound correctly and treat it correctly, then recovery will go quickly: this must be done as quickly as possible, but carefully, without touching the wound itself, but removing all dead tissue and dirt from it.

Of course, you should consult a doctor, and if there are deep enough wounds or cuts, this must be done - it is better if first aid is provided by a specialist, and if necessary, he will apply stitches and teach how to handle them.

If you can’t see a doctor immediately, you need to treat the skin around the wound with the antiseptic that you have on hand: brilliant green, iodine, etc., and apply a sterile temporary bandage, but no less than 2 hours later you need to do the dressing according to all the rules. In order for the wound to heal quickly and correctly, it must be treated, and for this you need to have everything you need at home: bandages, tools - scissors and tweezers, treated with alcohol; antiseptic solutions and wound healing drugs.

Wounds should be bandaged 1-2 times a day; Dry and wet wounds are treated with different means.

If the wound needs to be washed, use a solution of furatsilin, hydrogen peroxide or other aqueous solutions of antiseptics; if the wound is inflamed, you should immediately consult a doctor; if not, continue the usual treatment step by step, using wound healing products.

The main properties of such products are the absence of toxic components, the ability to stimulate the processes of cell regeneration and collagen formation, and quickly deliver oxygen and glucose to cells. If the wound is wet, do not use ointment - the product should be in the form of jelly: it does not stop healing, while ointment with fatty components forms a film, preventing fluid from being released from the damaged surface.

Jelly is replaced with ointment when the wound gradually turns dry - it is better to take one drug, but in different dosage form. Now the wound needs a protective film, under which it will heal better without being exposed to the external environment - here even the bandage can be removed. If you can’t remove it completely yet, you can apply it not immediately after treatment, but after 2-3 hours, and gradually increase this time - this way the tissue will still heal faster.

Healing remedies can be pharmaceutical or traditional - in any case, they must be prescribed by a doctor.

Pharmacy wound healing products

From pharmaceuticals Preparations with vitamins or provitamins are often used: for example, retinol acetate or dexpanthenol - provitamin B5. These products come in the form of ointments, creams or lotions, but not in jelly form, so they are not suitable for treating wet wounds.

Preparations with methyluracil have an anti-inflammatory effect and stimulate cellular immunity, so wounds heal quickly, but they can only be used on dry wounds - they are also not available in jelly form.

In the 90s, a drug called universal by many doctors - Eplan - began to be produced in Moscow.. This product treats dermatitis, burns, ulcers, radiation injuries, has pronounced regenerating properties and heals wounds - it is produced by Oberon JSC. First of all, the drug actively destroys microbes and increases the activity of phagocytes, so it can be used to treat fresh wounds, but it cannot be applied to bleeding wounds - it is an anticoagulant, and it can reduce coagulation.
Eplan quickly clears wounds of infection, and at the same time does not create barriers to the flow of oxygen into them; There are no toxins, hormones or antibiotics in it. It is produced in the form of a solution, liniment and cream.

Around the same time, the Swiss company Nycomed created a drug based on the blood extract of dairy calves - Solcoseryl, produced in the form of ointment and jelly (its analogue is Actovegin, and it is also available in these forms), and perfectly heals any wounds. It can be used as initial stages– in the form of jelly, and during the period of wound granulation – in the form of ointment.
Solcoseryl protects the wound, prevents germs from penetrating, accelerates metabolism and regeneration processes, and even relieves pain - you need to use it 2-3 times a day, and healing will proceed quickly and without complications.

Folk remedies for wound healing

Folk remedies are used along with pharmaceutical ones, if recommended by a doctor, or when the wounds are minor and not serious.

It happens that the wound is small, but does not heal for a long time, and can even fester - the resin of coniferous trees will help cure it. It is better to collect resin in late spring - early summer, from smooth, strong mature trees - no need to make notches. The collected resin is melted and mixed 1:1 with pure butter - it is better to prepare it yourself: beat 0.5 liters of fresh and full-fat village milk in a blender and collect the butter. The resulting mixture is applied to the wound 2 times a day - it heals within a few days.

If you immediately lubricate a fresh abrasion with pure resin-resin from pine, spruce, fir, it will heal very quickly.

To treat abscesses, ulcers, cuts, abrasions, and boils, an ointment is prepared from spruce resin, sunflower oil, honey and wax. The ingredients are taken equally, melted in a water bath, mixed and used to lubricate sore spots.

For wounds that do not heal for a long time, there is another effective remedy - ointment made from burdock and celandine. Crushed celandine and burdock roots (20 and 30 g each) are poured into 100 ml of sunflower oil and boiled for 15 minutes over low heat, removed, filtered, cooled and applied to sore spots several times a day - after a week the wounds usually heal.

Propolis has long been known for its healing properties – you can also use it to prepare a homemade ointment for healing wounds. You can take any fat base - vegetable or butter, fish or pork fat (5 parts), bring it to a boil in a saucepan and add crushed propolis (1 part). Continue cooking for half an hour, stirring, at 80°C, then strain through cheesecloth, cool and use. You can store the ointment in the refrigerator for a whole year.

Homemade wound balm with juniper tar, turpentine (100 g each), yolks and rose oil (1 tbsp). The butter is ground with two fresh yolks, and then purified turpentine is gradually added, 1 tsp at a time, with constant stirring - otherwise the mixture will curdle. Then add tar and mix everything thoroughly. The resulting balm is carefully poured over the wounds, scooping it up with a teaspoon.

Rose oil can also be made at home: pour olive oil (1 cup) into fresh garden rose petals (2 cups), close the container tightly and place in a dark place for 2-3 weeks. The mixture is stirred periodically, then filtered and used.

Poorly healing wounds and ulcers are sprinkled with willow bark powder- You can buy it at a herbal pharmacy. Willow has hemostatic, antiseptic and wound-healing properties; You can take the powder orally, especially during fever and fever - 1 g after meals, 3 times a day.

Compresses with tincture of nettle leaves are applied to fresh wounds.. Place fresh leaves loosely in a 0.5 liter bottle or jar almost to the top, fill with 70% alcohol and place in the sun for a week. Strain the resulting tincture and wash the wounds with it before applying a bandage.
Nettle contains many substances that have hemostatic, wound-healing and analgesic effects, so its fresh juice can be poured onto wounds, or napkins soaked in juice can be applied to them.

Yarrow also has similar properties: it promotes blood clotting, destroys microbes, relieves inflammation and pain - its juice can also be poured onto wounds, or a bandage with fresh herbs crushed into a pulp can be applied to them.

Wound healing is accelerated not only due to local effects - it is very important what our entire body is nourished with. For example, the drug Oxyprolan can be used both externally, in the form of a cream, and internally, in the form of a dietary supplement - it also stimulates the production of collagen and accelerates regeneration processes in tissues.

In addition, the diet should contain a lot of natural lean protein and vitamins: fresh dairy products, meat and fish, fruits and vegetables.

Return to the beginning of the Healthy body section
Return to the beginning of the Beauty and Health section

In order for the wound to heal quickly and painlessly, it must be treated correctly and immediately, and then treated with various medical means.

Treatment and treatment should be done as quickly as possible and very carefully, first the dirt and dead tissue is properly removed from the wound, so as not to touch the wound.

What is a wound?

A wound, that is, vulnus, is a mechanical injury of various kinds to a human organ or its tissues, accompanied by destruction of the integrity of the skin or mucous membrane. It is precisely this destruction that differs from a rupture, bruise, and also sprain; a wound differs from a wound and is the result of tissue destruction. A wound has three main signs: bleeding, as well as gaping and pain, which depend on the nature of the wound itself, the volume of tissue destroyed and the blood supply to the wounded area.

The wound area has walls, a wound bottom and wound volumes; they can be of two main types, that is, accidental or surgical.

Types of wounds

Bitten, that is, vulnus laceratum. May be due to an animal or human bite, the features are the same as for laceration, the main point here is scattered, deep and extensive damage, as well as high infection by the microflora of the animal’s mouth.
A wound that is crushed or crushed, that is, vulnus conqvassatum. It can be formed due to the action of blunt objects, where the overall surface is quite wide, as well as in the presence of solid support, that is, other objects or bones. The tissues can have extensive wounds and be crushed, the gap is wide, the bones can be destroyed, the edges of the wound are quite complex, the general pain syndrome is bright, and blood loss is minimal.
Chopped, that is, vulnus caesum. It can be formed due to the action of sharp certain objects, such as a checker, saber or axe, in which the wound occurs only perpendicularly or at an angle to the tissues. Here, deep, various general injuries are characteristic, there is a wide gaping, as well as concussion and bruises of tissues, and occupies a middle position between a bruised and incised wound.

The wound is incised, that is, vulnus incisum. May occur when exposed to sharp objects such as a razor, knife, shards of metal and glass. Such a general large wound is characterized by maximum tissue destruction towards the wound channel and other tissues; the edges of these tissues can be smooth, even and complex. Bleeding due to an incised wound is usually significant, the pain syndrome is moderate, and muscles, blood vessels and tendons can also be damaged.
Punctured, that is, vulnus punctum. May occur due to deep general penetration of long and sharp instruments such as a bayonet and sharpener, awl or knitting needle. The main feature is the minimal entrance hole, as well as minor tissue damage, the wound quickly sticks together and creates conditions for the development of various infections.
Bruised, that is, vulnus contusum. It can occur due to the action of a hard and blunt object, the surface of the bruise is usually quite wide, the muscle tissue and bones of a person are often destroyed, which can be bruised and crushed.
Ragged, that is, vulnus laceratum. It can occur when an object is applied at a certain angle to a person’s skin, such an object can be a saw or a transmission, the amount of damage here is significant, skin detachment often occurs, the gap is quite wide, and the hemorrhage is significant.
Wound vulnus venenatum. It can be formed by the bite of various poisonous snakes, the main difference from others is the ingress of toxic substances into the wound, and it can also form due to radioactive and even household pollution.

Immediate actions in case of injury

General medical and first aid to a person who receives a wound is a complex of various measures, the purpose of which is to eliminate the effect of the factor and remove the threat to human life.

Also, such medical care serves to relieve suffering and prepare a person for transfer to a medical facility for further treatment.

Such actions are among the simplest, and they must be carried out in the shortest possible time right at the scene of the incident; for this purpose, the working personnel must undergo special training and master the most simple techniques, which is of great importance in this case.

The most optimal is considered to be medical care provided to a person in case of injury within 30 minutes after the injury itself; working personnel should be trained in methods of providing medical care for injuries typical for the work of a given organization or company.

The wound is usually accompanied by destruction of the integrity of the skin or mucous membrane of a person, wounds may vary in depth, size and shape.

Such general medical care should be provided as quickly as possible and very competently; each type of wound will have its own symptoms, as well as general principles in the form of deterioration of functions, swelling, pain, and so on.

It is necessary to free the victim himself from the dangerous destructive factor, this could be a mechanical action, electric current, water or chemicals that are harmful to humans. To do this, a number of general first aid tools can be used, and you also need to know techniques that are safe for yourself and others, which everyone should know.

The condition should be assessed and the person removed from clothing if it restricts his breathing., if necessary, it is better to take it out to where the air will be fresh. Determining the extent and nature of the damage itself; for this purpose, the damaged area or part of the body is carefully exposed, and then it is immediately necessary to take medical care measures for the person.

Stop bleeding. You need to know that if blood loss is up to 2 liters, then this leads to death; here the rate of blood loss depends on the size of the vessel, the location of the damage and the depth of the wound. How larger size such a vessel, the less time there will be during which blood loss occurs; such bleeding can be venous when the skin is wounded and arterial when an arterial vessel is wounded. If the injury was arterial or even parenchymal, that is, due to organ damage, then you definitely won’t be able to stop it on your own; you need to urgently contact a doctor for this purpose.

Disinfection. It is necessary to immediately and quickly rinse the wound with water or a special solution; if the wound is dirty, then it must be carefully cleaned with hands or tweezers, which must be clean and treated with alcohol. Next, the wound should be washed, this can be done using a weak pink solution of potassium permanganate, and hydrogen peroxide is also suitable, which should be in every enterprise and company. If the wound was caused by acid on the skin, then wash it with a regular soda solution, and if the wound was caused by an alkali, then it must be treated with a vinegar solution.

Treatment of the skin around the wound itself is required, for this purpose, around the wound at a distance of 2 cm from the edges, smear it with iodine solution or brilliant green. And if iodine is missing, then you can use a solution of ordinary potassium permanganate, and an alcohol-containing liquid will also work. Such treatment must be carried out very carefully so that alcohol does not get into the wound; this is a very important condition.

Special pressure bandage for wounds. In order to immediately and very quickly stop bleeding in a person, as well as reduce swelling and create balance in the body, it is necessary to make special pressure bandages in the area of the wound; this can be done using non-synthetic material, although it is best to take the most ordinary bandage, which will sterile and reasonably clean.

Thanks to timely and rational treatment, as well as regular wound management, you can quickly heal mild and even moderate wounds at home.

Only here you need to know all the rules of care and be able to distinguish dry wounds from wet ones, which depends on right choice the most effective means of healing. Traditionally this home treatment consists of regular regular dressings using special products required for quick treatment of wounds.

If your wound healing is slow and takes too long, you will need to consult a surgeon who will explain the reasons for this phenomenon. You should also periodically visit a specialist so that he can change the treatment regimen in a timely manner.

What is required for home treatment:

Clean oilcloth
Hand sanitizers
Hand soap
Clean good towel
Alcohol-containing solution for treatment around the wound, iodine, brilliant green, etc.
Antiseptic aqueous solution, miramistin, hydrogen peroxide, furatsilin
Be sure to buy tweezers and scissors, which must be treated with an antiseptic
Medicines for treatment
Material for dressing, that is, gauze and bandage, as well as means for fixing the bandage

Before dressing at home, you should wash your hands very thoroughly, wiping them with a clean special towel, then you need to lay out everything required for treatment on an oilcloth. Now you can remove the bandage from the wound and then wash your hands again after treating them alcohol solution, be sure to wear sterile gloves when treating the wound.

Now the napkin is removed to cover the wound, and if it is stuck, then It’s better to first moisten it with a solution of a regular antiseptic; the best option is hydrogen peroxide.

It’s bad to tear off the napkin right away, let it first soak thoroughly and thoroughly, and when the napkin is already removed, treat the area around the wound with an alcohol antiseptic.

When the napkin has already been removed from the wound, the condition of the wound itself should be determined., that is, whether it is wet or dry, the healing process should be rationally checked each time.

When the napkin and bandages are removed, it is necessary to use healing agents; gels and jelly are used for a wet wound, and a special ointment is used for a dry wound. Such treatments and dressings need to be done 1-2 times daily, better in the morning and then at the end of the day, only high-quality products and effective cell growth stimulators should be used here.

When making such home therapeutic dressings, you should pay attention to such criteria as the size of the wound and its depth; as it heals, it should slowly decrease in size.

You should pay attention to changes in the amount of discharge from the wound, as well as its smell and necessarily color; it should not deepen or increase. Also here you should check your sensations, the pain should gradually go away, and the treatment should give a slow and sure result.

Temperature change, general chills and lack of results, skin redness and swelling is a reason to consult a doctor for advice.

Pharmacy products for rapid healing of various types of wounds

Every person encounters various wounds and abrasions many times in life, from childhood, when preschool children often have knocked-out knees and other injuries, to an adult who, although rarely, gets injured different levels At work.

In young people and adults, such injuries can often occur both at work and just at home in everyday life, making repairs in an apartment or preparing food. It is because of this common reason that every home should have means to treat wounds, and they should be treated immediately, as infection can get there.

There are many pharmaceutical products that can help a person heal faster and improve their health after injury.

Pharmacy best remedies:

Solcoseryl. Solcoseryl is modern unique means, which is most often recommended by doctors for very rapid healing of various abrasions and wounds in humans. The main and active component here is calf blood extract, that is, a deproteinized hemoderivative required to stimulate collagen synthesis in cells, which is required for rapid wound healing. Solcoseryl was created by scientists from Switzerland, and is produced in two forms, that is, a gel for a fresh wound and an ointment for wounds already covered with a crust, required for protection against microbes. The product will accelerate the regeneration of normal tissues at each stage of healing, and can be used to treat abrasions and wounds, ulcers and others.
Actovegin. It is an analogue of Solcoseryl, the main component here is the same biological unique composition that was taken from calf blood. It is manufactured in two substances, that is, a gel for a deep ordinary wound and an ointment, which is required for wounds with the injured area already closed. Such a wonderful modern unique drug is used both for abrasions and wounds, and as a means of protection against blood stagnation and venous diseases in humans. The gel and ointment must be used once a day under gauze or bandage dressings; use by nursing mothers is prohibited.

Levomekol. Levomekol is a classic, unique remedy already known to many in the world; in Russia, Levomekol has long won trust, as it heals wounds well and also serves as an antibiotic. This remedy is effective for the treatment of purulent wounds, used for skin inflammations, trophic ulcers and eczema, 1st degree burns. The ointment is definitely available in every surgical office, where it is used immediately after operations, since this product serves to easily and quickly fuse the edges of the wound, even if it is festering. Used 1-3 times a day, the product has no restrictions on use, and you can buy it in the form of an ointment of 40 grams, which costs up to 90 rubles in a pharmacy.

Eplan. A unique and effective anti-infective agent with a wide spectrum of general action, it is universal, and reduces healing time. The product has many qualities, it can anesthetize and remove swelling, and is used at every stage of the treatment of abrasions and wounds. Can also be used for burns and frostbite, may be suitable even for microbial eczema, herpes, treatment of condylomas and various skin diseases. It is usually made in the form of a solution and cream; the pharmacy also has soaked gauze wipes and antiseptic special wipes; the ointment costs up to 180 rubles.

Baneocyon. The product can be sold in the form of an ointment or powder; it quickly forms crusts for small and medium-sized wounds; the composition is complex and contains antibiotics. It can be used immediately after receiving a wound, but you should first use the powder, and only then the Baneocyon ointment itself, which can be used together with Lanolin. Modern ointment and special powder are used to treat folliculitis and ulcers, as well as eczema; you can use it to treat the navel of children; this ointment costs up to 270 rubles in pharmacies.

Folk remedies for quick healing

Wounds, that is, various injuries to human tissue and skin with shallow depth and weak bleeding, can be treated at home, whereas with a deep wound, the help of specialists is required.

As soon as a wound appears, it must immediately be treated with a special solution for disinfection, and You can also use water for this, but you just need to boil it first.

Then around the wound itself you should lubricate the edges, this can be done a solution of ordinary iodine or alcohol, now only it is possible to treat this wound different ways, of which there are a lot.

The simplest and most effective methods of treatment:

Celandine leaves you need to knead it thoroughly and then apply it directly to the wound, it is best to use fresh leaves, and if you only have dry ones, then they should be steamed first.
The roots of celandine and burdock are taken in an amount of 30 grams, and after that the mixture is poured with 100 ml of sunflower oil, then this mixture needs to be boiled over low heat for 15 minutes and then strained well. The mixture is used to lubricate wounds 2-3 times daily for 12-15 days.
Eucalyptus leaves in the amount of 50 grams you need to pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, and then this mixture is boiled for about 3-5 minutes on average, now the mixture is filtered and 2 liters are added. honey The product is used for baths and lotions; do this daily for 12-14 days or more.
Can be used to treat severe wounds liquid honey, which is taken in equal proportions with spermaceti, you can also add 10% calendula ointment. Various honey ointments are excellent for treating weak and moderate wounds, and the ointment is also used to prepare a person for major surgery.
Cushion herb taken in the amount of 1 tbsp. and pour boiling water, the mixture should stand for 30 minutes, and then you need to strain it and add another spoonful of honey. Then the mixture is thoroughly mixed, after which you can only take 1 tablespoon orally. daily 3 times before meals.
Shredded root ordinary legume parfolia is mixed with vegetable oil, as well as lard or lamb, and used as an ointment.
Taken 50 g of rhizome of pharmaceutical kupena, and then crushed and filled with 0.5 liters of water, the mixture is boiled for 20 minutes, and after cooling it can be used as a lotion and compress for a bleeding or ordinary wound. You need to work carefully, since the plant is mildly poisonous, so it is prohibited to consume it internally.
Resin collects from a coniferous tree, which is then melted and mixed with cow butter in a ratio of 1:1 exactly, this balm should be used to cover the wound twice daily.
Birch buds need to be left in 0.5 liters of vodka, after 3 days the composition is used for processing. Prepare the whole product differently, crushed birch buds should be mixed with 2 parts butter, the resulting ointment is used to treat the wound every day.

Precautionary measures

A large number of different injuries are accompanied general bleeding which entails losses large volumes blood and infection.

You need to know that you can only treat small and medium-sized wounds on your own, when their width does not exceed 1 cm, otherwise you will need the help of a specialist. If you forget to treat the wound in a timely manner, this will lead to anaerobic and pyogenic infections, and will also cause tetanus and even hepatitis infection.

The infection can then lead to abscesses and cellulitis, lymphadenitis and lymphangitis, as well as sepsis, erysipelas, gas gangrene and so on. The patient should also be given antitetanus serum, and also require toxoid and various vitamins, plasma and gamma globulin.

The basic principle of treating open wounds is to restore the regenerative function of the skin - nature is designed in such a way that skin cells are capable of self-healing under certain conditions. But this is only possible if there are no dead cells at the wound site - this is the essence of treating open wounds.

Table of contents: Stages of treatment of open wounds Primary treatment in the treatment of open wounds How to treat a weeping open wound How to treat an open purulent wound Creams and ointments for treating wounds at home Folk remedies for treating open wounds

Stages of treatment of open wounds

Treatment of open wounds in any case involves going through three stages - primary self-cleaning, inflammatory process and granulation tissue repair.

Primary self-cleaning

As soon as a wound occurs and bleeding begins, the vessels begin to sharply narrow - this allows the formation of a platelet clot, which will stop the bleeding. Then the narrowed vessels expand sharply. The result of such “work” blood vessels There will be a slowdown in blood flow, increased permeability of vascular walls and progressive swelling of soft tissues.

It was found that such a vascular reaction leads to the cleansing of damaged soft tissues without the use of any antiseptic agents.

Inflammatory process

This is the second stage of the wound process, which is characterized by increased swelling of the soft tissues, the skin becomes red. Together, bleeding and the inflammatory process provoke a significant increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood.

Tissue restoration by granulation

This stage of the wound process can also begin against the background of inflammation - there is nothing pathological about it. The formation of granulation tissue begins directly in the open wound, as well as along the edges of the open wound and on the surface of nearby epithelium.

Over time, granulation tissue degenerates into connective tissue, and when completed this stage will be considered only after a stable scar has formed at the site of the open wound.

A distinction is made between healing of an open wound by primary and secondary intention. The first option for the development of the process is possible only if the wound is not extensive, its edges are brought close to each other and there is no pronounced inflammation at the site of damage. And secondary tension occurs in all other cases, including when purulent wounds Oh.

Features of the treatment of open wounds depend only on how intensively the inflammatory process develops and how badly the tissue is damaged. The task of doctors is to stimulate and control all of the above stages of the wound process.

Primary treatment in the treatment of open wounds

Before the victim seeks professional medical help, he must thoroughly wash the wound with antiseptic agents - this will ensure complete disinfection of the open wound. To minimize the risk of wound infection during treatment, hydrogen peroxide, furatsilin, a solution of potassium permanganate or chlorhexidine should be used. The skin around the wound is treated with brilliant green or iodine - this will prevent the spread of infection and inflammation. After the described treatment, a sterile bandage is applied on top of the open wound.

The speed of its healing depends on how correctly the initial cleaning of the open wound was carried out. If a patient comes to the surgeon with punctured, cut, lacerated open wounds, then he must undergo specific surgical treatment. Such deep cleaning of the wound from dead tissue and cells will speed up the healing process.

As part of the initial treatment of an open wound, the surgeon removes foreign bodies, blood clots, and excises jagged edges and crushed tissue. Only after this the doctor will apply sutures, which will bring the edges of the open wound closer together, but if the gaping wound is too extensive, then the sutures are applied a little later, when the edges begin to recover and the wound begins to heal. Be sure to apply a sterile bandage to the site of injury after such treatment.

Note: in most cases, a patient with an open wound is given anti-tetanus serum, and if the wound was formed after an animal bite, a rabies vaccine.

The entire described process of treating an open wound reduces the risk of infection and the development of complications (sepsis, gangrene, suppuration), and accelerates the healing process. If the treatment was carried out on the first day after receiving the injury, then no complications or serious consequences are expected.

How to treat a weeping open wound

If there is an excessive amount of serous-fibrous exudate in an open wound, then surgeons will take measures to treat the open, weeping wound. In general, such copious discharge have a beneficial effect on the healing rate - they additionally clean the open wound, but at the same time, the task of specialists is to reduce the amount of exudate - this will improve blood circulation in the smallest vessels (capillaries).

When treating weeping open wounds, it is important to change sterile dressings frequently. And during this procedure, it is important to use a solution of furatsilin or sodium hypochloride, or treat the wound with liquid antiseptics (miramistin, okomistin and others).

To reduce the amount of serous-fibrous exudate released, surgeons use dressings with 10% aqueous solution sodium chloride. With this treatment, the bandage must be changed at least once every 4-5 hours.

A weeping open wound can also be treated with the use of antimicrobial ointments - the most effective are streptocidal ointment, Mafenide, Streptonitol, Fudizin gel. They are applied either under a sterile bandage or on a tampon, which is used to treat an open, weeping wound.

Xeroform or Baneocin powder is used as a drying agent - they have antimicrobial, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties.

How to treat an open purulent wound

It is an open purulent wound that is most difficult to treat - purulent exudate must not be allowed to spread to healthy tissue. To do this, a regular dressing turns into a mini-operation - from the wound with each treatment it is necessary to remove the accumulated pus, most often they install drainage systems so that the pus is provided with a constant outflow. Each treatment, in addition to the specified additional measures, is accompanied by the introduction into the wound antibacterial solutions- for example, Dimexide. To stop the necrotic process in an open wound and remove pus from it, specific agents are used in surgery - Trypsin or Himopsin powders. A suspension is prepared from these powders by mixing them with novocaine and/or sodium chloride, and then sterile napkins are impregnated with the resulting product and tucked directly into the cavity of an open purulent wound. In this case, the bandage is changed once a day; in some cases, medicated wipes can be left in the wound for two days. If a purulent open wound has a deep and wide cavity, then these powders are poured directly into the wound, without the use of sterile wipes.

In addition to such thorough surgical treatment of an open purulent wound, the patient must be prescribed antibacterial drugs(antibiotics) orally or by injection.

Features of the treatment of purulent open wounds:

After cleaning the open wound from pus, Levosin ointment is injected directly into the cavity. This drug has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects.
For medicinal dressings when treating an open wound with purulent contents, Levomikol ointment and Sintomycin liniment can be used.
Baneocin ointment will be most effective in the treatment of open wounds with identified Staphylococcus aureus, Nitacid ointment - in the treatment of wounds with diagnosed anaerobic bacteria, Dioxidine ointment generally refers to universal remedy– effective against most types of infections, including against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gangrene pathogens.
Most often, when treating open purulent wounds, surgeons use ointments based on polyethylene oxide; modern medicine refuses Vaseline/lanolin in this case.
Vishnevsky ointment is an excellent way to get rid of pus in an open wound - it both resolves infiltrates and increases blood flow in the wound. This medicine is applied directly to the wound cavity 1-2 times a day.
When treating a patient with an open purulent wound in medical institution Immunotherapy and detoxification therapy are mandatory.
Ultrasound or liquid nitrogen may be used in the hospital to speed up the wound healing process.

Creams and ointments for treating wounds at home

If the damage is minor and there is no large cavity, then such open wounds can be treated at home using various ointments. What experts recommend using:

Salicylic ointment. This product belongs to the antibacterial category. First you need to treat the wound with hydrogen peroxide, then apply Salicylic ointment directly to the wound and cover everything with a sterile bandage. Ichthyol ointment can be used in the same way.
Streptocide. This remedy is used only for superficial damage. If you have Streptocide tablets in your medicine cabinet, you need to crush them and cover the wound. Many people use special medical glue BF for superficial wounds, but this is incorrect - treatment with the indicated medicine is a mandatory procedure.
Balm Rescuer. When it is applied to a wound, a thin film is formed, so doctors remind you that before using this balm, you must wash the open wound with hydrogen peroxide.
Solcoseryl. It is available in the form of an ointment - it is applied to a dry open wound, and in the form of a jelly - used in the treatment of weeping open wounds.
Heparin ointment, Troxevasin ointment, Dolobene gel. Used in the presence of a bruise or extensive hematoma at the site of an open wound. Applied directly to the skin, it quickly relieves swelling and hyperemic areas.
Cream Eplan. It is made on the basis of polyethylene glycols and has antibacterial and disinfectant properties. The use of this product significantly reduces the risk of infection of open wounds.

Folk remedies for treating open wounds

If the wound is not widespread and deep, then some folk remedies can be used to speed up its healing. The most popular, safe and effective include:

aqueous solution of propolis - excellent for weeping open wounds;
a decoction based on chamomile flowers, eucalyptus leaves, garden raspberry branches, calendula flowers, St. John's wort, heather, elecampane, yarrow, calamus root and comfrey;
a remedy made from aloe juice, sea buckthorn oil and rosehip oil (all mixed in equal proportions) - effective in the treatment of shallow open and dry wounds.

Note: Before using folk remedies in the treatment of open wounds, you must make sure that the victim is not allergic to any of these medicinal plants.

Treatment of open wounds is best left to professionals - surgeons will be able to detect the onset of development in time infectious process, will select effective treatment. If you decide to do therapy at home, you must carefully monitor the condition of the victim. If elevated temperature body, pain at the site of injury of unknown etiology, it is necessary to urgently seek professional medical help - it is quite possible that a dangerous infectious process is progressing in the wound.

Tsygankova Yana Aleksandrovna, medical observer, therapist of the highest qualification category

wounded is called tissue damage, accompanied by a violation of the integrity of the skin or mucous membranes.

Based on the type of wounding weapon, wounds are distinguished: puncture, cut, bruised, chopped, torn, bitten, and gunshot.

Puncture wounds are inflicted with a piercing instrument (needle, bayonet, stab, etc.). Their characteristic feature is great depth with slight damage to the skin or mucous membranes, while deep-lying organs and tissues - vessels, nerves, hollow and parenchymal organs - are often damaged. Such wounds are very insidious, since in the first hours they do not always give pronounced symptoms of organ damage; for example, with a puncture wound to the abdomen, the liver or stomach may be injured, but due to the small size of the wound there is no release of bile or gastric contents; everything is released into the abdominal cavity, and the expanded clinical picture occurs over a long period of time: severe symptoms appear internal bleeding or peritonitis. Puncture wounds are dangerous because the wounding weapon introduces pathogenic microflora into the depths of the tissue, and the wound discharge, not finding a way out, serves as a good nutrient medium for it, creating favorable conditions for the development of purulent complications.

Cut wounds are caused by a sharp object, often a knife or glass. These wounds are the most favorable in terms of healing, since the number of destroyed cells is small, the edges of the wound are smooth; she gapes, creating good conditions for drainage of contents, for wound treatment.

Chopped wounds are inflicted with a heavy sharp object (saber, axe). They are characterized by deep tissue damage, wide gaping, bruising and concussion of surrounding tissues, which reduces their resistance, complicates treatment, and contributes to the more frequent development of infection.

Bruised wounds occur under the influence of a wide wounding weapon of large mass or an object with high speed. Their shape is irregular (twisting, star-shaped), the edges are uneven. Usually observed in car injuries, compression by heavy objects, blows from heavy blunt objects. The presence of large amounts of bruised, dead tissue in the wound makes these wounds particularly susceptible to infection. A type of bruised wounds are lacerated and lacerated wounds.

Scalped wounds - there is a detachment of the skin with subcutaneous tissue. Such wounds are dangerous due to shock and blood loss.

Bite wounds are caused by domestic animals (dogs, cats), rarely wild ones. Wounds of various shapes are contaminated with animal saliva. Wounds from bites from animals with rabies are especially dangerous.

Gunshot wounds differ from all others in the nature of the wounding weapon (bullet, shrapnel), the distance of the victim from the source of the wound; V modern conditions when using bullets with a displaced center of gravity - the extent of damage internal organs, when one bullet hits several anatomical areas. Gunshot wounds have various characteristics (through, blind, tangential, etc.).

Wounds are divided into aseptic, infected and purulent. Aseptic wounds are clean, all others are infected. If there is a delay in the initial surgical treatment of the wound (late presentation, lack of a surgeon, lack of transport for delivery to the hospital), infectious complications develop.

According to the circumstances of infliction, wounds are divided into surgical (operational) and accidental (traumatic).

In relation to body cavities (chest cavity, abdomen, skull, joints), penetrating and non-penetrating wounds are distinguished. Penetrating wounds are more dangerous due to the possibility of damage to or involvement in the inflammatory process of the membranes of cavities and internal organs.

Depending on the anatomical substrate of the injury, injuries of soft tissue, bone, large vessels and nerves, tendons.

Clinic. There are local and general symptoms. Local symptoms include pain, bleeding, dysfunction of the affected organ and limb. General symptoms: shock, infection, acute anemia, etc.

The diagnosis of injury is difficult only in the case of unconsciousness the victim and in case of multiple wounds, when part of the wounds can be viewed with inattentive examination. The paramedic must determine the location, size and depth of the wound, whether there is damage to vital structures (on the extremities - great vessels and nerves, on the torso - organs of the chest and abdomen; on the neck - great vessels, trachea, esophagus, on the head - brain damage) .

In case of injuries in the back area, the patient is examined to determine damage to the spinal cord, vertebrae, and in the perineal area - damage to the genital organs, urethra, and rectum.

It is important to determine the nature of bleeding from the wound: arterial, venous, mixed, since in case of arterial bleeding a hemostatic tourniquet should be applied to the limb; in the case of venous - a pressure bandage, since a tourniquet in this case will only increase venous bleeding. Unfortunately, not only paramedics, but also many doctors act according to the “bleeding - tourniquet” scheme, without making it difficult for themselves differential diagnosis arterial and venous bleeding.

Blood during arterial bleeding is scarlet in color and is ejected in a rather strong, often pulsating stream. When large vessels are injured, a sound resembling a buzzing sound is heard. Here, of course, a tourniquet is needed above the wound. With venous bleeding, the blood is dark and does not pulsate, although it can also flow out in a stream, but of much less intensity. A loose tourniquet will increase venous bleeding; a very tight tourniquet will stop the flow arterial blood, will compress the nerve trunks, and the bleeding, stopped in this way, threatens with necrosis of the limb. If the wound is deep, you can judge the nature of the bleeding as follows: carefully dry the wound with a swab, press it for a few seconds and remove it. If the wound instantly fills with scarlet blood, the bleeding is arterial; if it fills slowly and the blood is dark, it is venous.

The dangers of a wound are:

Bleeding with the development of acute anemia;

Development of wound infection;

The possibility of integrity violation is vital important organs.

Urgent Care. For superficial wounds, treatment is carried out with 3% hydrogen peroxide or furatsilin solution (1:5000); Can

use a 0.5% solution of chloramine, a slightly pink solution of potassium permanganate. The edges of the wound are treated with a 2-5% iodine solution, a sterile bandage is applied, and the patient is sent to the emergency room.

For deep wounds with bleeding, if it is arterial, a rubber tourniquet is applied above the wound; the accompanying sheet indicates the time of its application. The tourniquet is applied either to clothing or a napkin is placed under the wound for no more than 1.5 hours. When applied correctly, bleeding stops. If there is a delay in hospitalization, then after 1.5-2 hours the tourniquet is loosened, having first applied finger pressure to the vessel along its length. The tourniquet is usually loosened for 3-5 minutes. In winter, the tourniquet should be held for no more than 1 hour, loosen after 30-40 minutes. The wound is treated with antiseptics (hydrogen peroxide, furatsilin, chloramine). The edges of the wound are treated with a 5% iodine solution, then a sterile bandage is applied. Immobilization of the limb with a splint is mandatory.

For venous bleeding, apply a pressure bandage to the treated wound, cold, and elevated position of the limb.

For wounds of the torso, a gauze pad is applied (at least 8 layers of gauze), which is fixed to the skin either with cleol or strips of adhesive tape. Depending on the general condition victim (collapse, shock), appropriate measures are taken.

Pain relief - analgin solution 50% 2.0 ml intramuscularly, or baralgin, ketorol, narcotic. Hospitalization on a stretcher in a trauma, surgical or vascular department, depending on the nature of the damage to the underlying organs and tissues.

In case of heavy blood loss, shock, or coma, the patient should be hospitalized in the intensive care unit.

The wound should only be touched with clean hands.. The wound is washed with boiled water with some kind of disinfection - manganese, boric acid, etc. It is enough to wash small wounds and cover them with fine boric acid and tie them up. Or soak a cloth in pure alcohol or aloe juice and tie it off.

If blood flows from the wound without stopping, then you need to soak a clean rag in boiling water and apply it, the blood will stop flowing.

For major injuries, especially to the head, you should call a doctor. Before the doctor arrives, without touching the wound with your hands, you just need to put clean rags soaked in warm boiled water on it all the time.

Knee wounds are very dangerous. If the bone is not affected, then it is enough to apply a warm compress of alcohol or manganese. But if the calyx is affected, then you need to consult a doctor.

If the wound is caused by the torn off upper skin, it is very painful, but not dangerous. In this case, you cannot use alcohol or iodine, but rather lubricate it with boric vaseline or, even better, rivanol ointment, then tie it off.

Dried rags with blood or pus cannot be torn off, but must always be soaked in warm water with disinfection. If the wound has rotted and an ulcer has formed, then it should be washed thoroughly, and then a warm compress of alcohol or some kind of disinfection should be applied. And if there is aloe in the house, then simply tie a clean rag soaked in aloe juice to the wound; this juice cleans rotten wounds very well and heals them.

When wild meat (a bright red mass) begins to grow from the bottom of the ulcer, then you need to put a lotion of alum or oak bark(a teaspoon per glass of water). Change the lotion four times a day until the meat disappears. And then treat the wound as usual.

If the wound has become weeping, then it is good to sprinkle it with a mixture of alum and charcoal. But if large and deep wounds rot, you should consult a doctor.

If around the wound the body suddenly begins to turn black, fever, pain, and weakness appear throughout the body, while the blackened area remains cold to the touch and insensitive to touch, then these are signs of gangrene, that is, necrosis of this part of the body. You must immediately consult a doctor, since saving from death with gangrene is only possible through amputation. In the meantime, put rags soaked in warm water on the wound, and give alcohol inside to maintain strength. When a limb is affected, keep it elevated. If for some reason there is no doctor (or will not arrive soon), then you need to try to stop the gangrene yourself by burning out the blackened area with a hot iron (nail), as is done with a snake bite.

When you have to wash dirty wounds from machine injuries, you first need to wash the circumference of the wound with gasoline or turpentine (moistening the cotton wool), and then the wound itself. Then apply a bandage. The stronger the discharge from the wound, the more often it is necessary to bandage it, each time washing it with a solution of carbolic acid or sublimate (1:1000), generally with some kind of disinfection, then sprinkle it with something, as indicated above, covering it with soft gauze, cotton wool, and bandage.

For abrasions on the feet, friction of shoes, blisters on the heel, it is good to take warm foot baths, then apply boric ointment and tie it off. Or order one at the pharmacy good ointment: wheat starch and glycerin - 15 g each, pure tar - 4 g.

It is useful to have turpentine water in the house for washing wounds, which is prepared as follows: two tablespoons of purified turpentine per bottle of digested water. This bottle should be shaken for a whole week, then used to wash wounds, topping up with boiled water each time.

These are the tips of the famous doctor O. Morozova. She also gives home and folk remedies for various wounds:

1. Cover the wound with clean, very finely ground dry real coffee. It stops bleeding and heals.

2. Skin and muscle wounds are covered with fine powder from nettle: You need to soak the leaves and stems in alcohol for five days, then remove them from the alcohol, dry them and grind them into powder. An excellent remedy.

3. Powder made from the root of the plant is also good. calamus

4. You can tie fresh grated paper to a dirty wound. carrot, she cleans well.

5. The rotting wound is sprinkled with powder from charcoal.

6. On a stubbornly non-healing, but not rotting wound, place a clean, ordinary lead paper(like from a tea bottle) and bandaged. The wound heals quickly.

7. Blood caked on a wound can be easily soaked in acidic acid. cabbage

8. When gangrene appears, cover the sore spot with a thick layer of chewed gum and salt. black (rye) bread and tie it up. So for several days.

Herbalists, traditional medicine books and healing books recommend:

1. Calamus marsh.

Powder from the rhizomes is sprinkled on festering wounds and ulcers. Calamus rhizomes are also used in mixture with other medicinal plants.

2. Aloe arborescens. Aloe juice is used externally in the form of lotions and wound irrigation.

3. Buckwheat.

Fresh mashed leaves are applied to abscesses and purulent wounds in a thick layer.

4. Lance-shaped poop ( goose foot). Fresh and dried leaves are used externally as a healing agent for purulent wounds, ulcers that do not heal for a long time, and abscesses. In this case, poop leaves are applied in a thick layer to the sore spot (the dried leaves are pre-steamed with boiling water) and bandaged.

5. Swamp cranberry.

To cleanse and heal purulent wounds, use fresh berry juice in the form of lotions.

6. Carrots.

Grated carrots are applied to inflamed areas of the skin and purulent wounds.

7. Common lilac. Fresh leaves are applied to the affected area.

8. Horsetail.

A decoction of the herb is used for compresses for festering wounds (pour a tablespoon of chopped herb with a glass of boiling water, simmer for 30 minutes over low heat, strain).

9. Common blueberry.

An infusion of leaves is used for external treatment of wounds. (Brew 1 teaspoon of crushed leaves with a glass of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes on a hot stove, strain).

10. Yarrow.

Squeeze the juice from a fresh plant and apply to the wound (anoint). Stops bleeding and heals the wound. It heals old wounds and festering ulcers well. In winter, a steam of dried flowers with an admixture of 1/3 by weight of chamomile flowers has the same effect.

In the summer, pick yarrow in a field or forest, mash it or chew it and apply it to the wound. Change the grass several times a day. The wound heals in 3-5 days.

11. Stinging nettle.

Squeeze the juice from nettles, anoint the wound, moisten rags and bandage the wound with them. You can mash the leaves to juice and apply. Mix nettle juice well with half-and-half bedstraw juice, wash the wounds with this mixture and apply cloths.

12. Resin-resin of coniferous species (cedar, fir, pine, spruce). In the forest," on a hike, one of the excellent remedies for wounds and cuts. Apply fresh resin to wounds, ulcers, cracks, splits. Lubricate daily. Healing occurs quickly.

13. Cut a piece of aloe cactus leaf and apply one of the halves to the wound or cut. Apply with the cut side.

14. Apply a compress of nettle leaf tincture, after washing the wound. Fill a 200 ml bottle almost to the top with fresh nettle leaves, then top up with 70-degree alcohol, plug it with a stopper and leave in the sun for 2 weeks.

15. Mix half-and-half alcohol with shellac and pour this mixture onto a fresh cut or wound. The pain will stop instantly. Then bandage the wound and fill the bandage with the same liquid. Keep the bandage on for 4 days. Even very large cuts heal in 4 days.

16. Puffball mushroom (grandfather’s tobacco). The white body of the fungus has strong wound healing and hemostatic properties. Cut the mushroom and apply the inner pulp to the wound. The bleeding stops and the wound heals quickly, without suppuration. Dusting wounds with mature spores has the same effect as mushroom pulp. Spores are well preserved during storage without losing medicinal properties.

17. Plantain.

Fresh crushed leaves various types plantain is used for wounds, bruises, burns as a hemostatic and anti-inflammatory agent. It is also used for insect bites. Leaves crushed to juice are applied to the affected areas, changing the bandage after 2-3 hours. Grind and mix equal parts of plantain and yarrow leaves. Use as an external remedy. Change the bandage 2-3 times a day.

18. Lungwort. Grind fresh leaves to juice, apply to a wound, cut, ulcer, abrasion, and bandage. Change twice a day. Lungwort is popularly considered one of the best wound healing agents.

19. Novikov liquid. Pharmaceutical drug. Lubricate the wounds once a day. Healing occurs quickly. Heals wounds, ulcers, cuts that take a long time to heal.

20. Resin of coniferous species - 100 g. Pork lard, unsalted - 100 g. Natural beeswax - 100 g.

Place everything in a saucepan. If the resin is dry, grind it into powder. Boil over low heat for 10 minutes, stirring the mixture all the time. Remove foam from the surface. Remove from heat when warm and place everything in a glass jar. Keep refrigerated. Wash the wound with lime water. 1 tablespoon of quicklime per 1 liter of water. Let it brew for 5-6 hours, drain the water. Wash the wound with this water. Spread a thin layer of a cloth with the prepared mixture, apply it to the sore spot and bandage it. After 1-2 days, change the bandage. The wounds heal quickly.

21. Natural bee honey - 80 g. Fish oil - 20 g. Xeroform - 20 g.

Mix everything thoroughly. The ointment is applied to a cleaned wound or ulcer in the form of a bandage. Change once a day. It is used to treat long-term non-healing wounds, ulcers, and fistulas. Store in a cool place.

22. Pour half a glass of quicklime with cold boiled water. Leave for several hours. Drain the top infusion into another bowl. Take the amount of vegetable oil in volume equal to the infusion. Boil the oil over low heat for 10 minutes, remove from heat. When it becomes warm, like fresh milk, pour in the lime infusion and mix well, lubricate the wounds with this composition and apply rags moistened with the same composition to the wounds and bandage them. Change daily. Wounds heal quickly.

23. Folk remedy. Wash the wound and ulcer with alcohol. Cut off a ripe wheat spikelet with a small straw end. Turn it over with the end of the ear down onto the wound and carefully move it crosswise over the wound 3 times. Do this 3 times a day: in the morning, in the middle of the day and in the evening, cutting a new spikelet each time. And do this for 3 days, using up 9 fresh ripe spikelets. The remedy may seem ridiculous, but bleeding and suppuration go away and after a few days the wound heals.

24. Sprinkle the diseased areas with ash left after burning linden or willow. Apply powder twice a day.

P.M. Kurennov gives several ways to treat wounds:

Folk way treatment of gangrene and abscesses

Do readers know that doctors of Russian folk medicine saved tens and tens of thousands of arms and legs, hundreds and hundreds of thousands of fingers and toes from amputation (for gangrene)?

Doctors with gangrene almost always resort to a knife. In case of gangrene and abscesses, Russian traditional medicine doctors use the following means.

Take black, freshly baked, preferably rye bread and, having salted it enough, chew it thoroughly. The sore spot is covered with a thick layer of chewed bread and salt and bandaged. This remedy is true and unusually strong.

Several Russian doctors of official medicine tried to improve this “wild” method of traditional healers by eliminating the chewing of bread. Doctors tried to add some apothecary wisdom to black bread and salt, which, in their opinion, should replace chewing bread. All such attempts came to nothing. When chewing, bread and salt mix with saliva, and the latter apparently plays important role in the treatment of gangrene and abscesses.

Although the described folk remedy is strong and reliable, in most cases you should consult a doctor, because gangrene is a very serious thing...

Unforgettable... In the thirties, a Russian lady in San Francisco had a malignant abscess on her finger, which soon turned into gangrene. The finger began to turn black, and the Russian doctor who was treating the patient advised surgery and... amputation of the finger. The operation was scheduled two days later at ten o'clock in the morning. The unfortunate lady, with tears in her eyes, began calling all her friends on the phone... Luckily for her, one of them knew the above-described remedy for gangrene, and the lady immediately began treatment with this remedy. On the day of the operation, the doctor sterilized and boiled all surgical supplies. Having removed the bandage from the patient’s finger, the doctor was amazed at the wonderful metamorphosis: the patient’s finger was white “instead of black.” Having definitely stated that the operation was completely unnecessary, the doctor became interested in the method of treatment. The lady willingly told.

In the author's secret archive there are several recipes that are as effective as the remedy described above, but these remedies cannot be placed in a medical book due to the fact that preparing the medicine requires enormous experience, knowledge and skill. In most cases, the average person will not be able to prepare this remedy correctly and... as a result, the amputation of the entire arm instead of a finger or a leg instead of a toe, etc.

Some powerful witch doctor white and yellow patches also often cure infected wounds, malignant abscesses and gangrene, including the remedies in this medicine (see remedies for wounds and cuts). In the author’s secret archive there are also more potent exhaust patches, but, as stated above, they require great precision in both the selection of the quality of the components and very skillful preparation.

1. 4 teaspoons crushed leaves or fruits raspberries Brew 2 cups boiling water, strain. Drink half a glass 4 times a day. Take the fruit infusion only warm.

2. Lubricate boils resin. Recovery occurs within 2-3 days.

3. Tibetan "black patch". 50 g black household soap grate, add the same amount rye flour, tablespoon vegetable oil and a tablespoon Sahara. Pour the resulting mass into 3/4 cup boiling water and cook for 2-3 minutes, adding 1 church wax candle(remove the wick). Change the bandage with this mixture daily. It takes two weeks until complete recovery. Not excluded at first painful sensations. This famous Tibetan “black plaster” is used not only to treat boils, but also for breastfeeding, caries, abscesses, udder knot etc.

4. Sleeping on mattresses stuffed with fresh fern leaves helps cure the most severe forms of salt deposits, gout, articular rheumatism, arthritis and spondellosis.

5. Pine resin helps with lubrication of wounds. Healing occurs after three days. Resin is also useful for stomach ulcers if taken orally in small portions.

6. Wounds that take a long time to heal should be tied with earthworms. You can apply frog skin.

7. A very effective remedy for wounds and abscesses: ointment made from pork (internal) lard and naphthalene (2:1).

8. If the abrasion becomes inflamed, it should be sprinkled with wormwood ash.

9. For burns, apply finely grated carrots to the sore spot. Or put the raw yolk in a hot frying pan. The yolk burns out - what remains is the oil, which, as experience shows, is the best remedy for burns. Or fresh egg yolk stir with a tablespoon of butter, apply the mixture to clean gauze and apply to the sore spot. The pain will go away immediately, and soon the wound will heal.

For eczema, lichen, abscesses, boils, calluses, the famous healer Lyudmila Kim recommends:

1. For eczema, pour 1 tablespoon of burdock root and the same amount of dandelion root into 3 glasses of water and leave overnight. In the morning, boil the infusion for 10 minutes. Take half a glass 3-4 times a day.

2. A decoction of dried young willow bark. The decoction is used for compresses and dressings.

3. Traditional healers also use this method: they set fire to a willow branch over a plate, into which resin flows from the burning branch. It is used to coat areas of eczema.

4. Pour 6 tablespoons of viburnum, ground in a mortar, with 3 cups of boiling water and leave for 4 hours. Take half a glass 4 times a day.

4a. For lichens etc. For dry eczema, cranberry juice compresses are used.

5. It is good to sprinkle wet eczema with flour from the shells of river shells, as well as flour from the so-called “Devil's finger”.

6. Take any newspaper, roll it up, set it on fire from below and hold it over a cold plate. The smoke condenses on the plate and forms a yellow resin. This resin should be used to lubricate sores, including psoriasis.

7. For the treatment of lichen ethnoscience advises. Cut, grind sultanas or raisin and thoroughly rub the ringworm with it. Positive effect possible after the first rubbing.

8. Lubricate sore spots with any kind of milk milkweed The juice of this plant helps in the treatment and removal of various types of warts, ulcers, and nail fungus.

9. The sore spot should be rubbed garlic, and then rub it in birch charcoal mixed with fresh juice burdock root. The procedure should last up to half an hour.

10. To treat some types of fungal skin diseases, it is recommended to rub the sore spot. lemon juice.

11. Grate garlic and mix with fresh butter in a 1:1 ratio. Apply the mixture to the sore spot and change daily until recovery.

12. Feet with nails affected by fungus are steamed in a decoction or infusion of milkweed. Sometimes strong coffee baths help.

Fungus on fingernails. Bulgarian healer Vanga advises: brew strong coffee and immerse your hands in its infusion several times, but do not shake the sediment. This remedy also treats foot fungus, relieves foot and ankle pain, and helps get rid of thick, flaky skin on the heels. When you repeat the procedure several evenings in a row, the fungus completely disappears, the skin becomes smooth, and the pain goes away.

Fungus on toes. Immerse your well-washed feet in a strong vinegar. Sleep in clean socks soaked in vinegar. Or else: immerse your feet in cool water, in which you dissolve a tablespoon baking soda and salt. Then rinse your feet with clean water.

She also gives some advice: mix crushed mint with salt and place between your toes for about an hour. Repeat the procedure until the fungus disappears.

Treatment of a festering wound

Such a wound can lead to blood poisoning, gangrene and death. Boil 250 g of alum in a liter of water, cool. Wash the wound twice a day until it heals.

Make compresses from crushed wheat boiled in wine or water. Apply compresses long time. Compresses made from a pulp of boiled beans or potatoes also help. Festering wounds should be washed with wine. Rubbing with fish oil also helps.

Endometritis is an inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus. Endometritis can be caused by an infection from the vagina entering the uterus (usually

Purulent wounds occur when the integrity of the skin is violated, when there is purulent content in the lumen and an inflammatory process at the edges. The pathology develops after infection of a clean wound (after a cut, puncture, etc.) or is formed due to a breakthrough of an abscess.

Possible reasons

Such wounds also occur in the period after surgical operations: even with careful adherence to sterility during surgery, up to 30% of suppurations are observed. The causative agents in them are pyogenic microbes (strepto-, staphylococci, Proteus or Escherichia coli, pseudomonas. Less commonly - mycobacteria, salmonella, shigella, pneumococci).

It is believed that any wound resulting from trauma is already infected (there are bacteria in it). For an infection to develop, several factors must be present:

presence of a foreign body, blood clots or pieces of dead tissue in the wound;
high level of pathogenic microorganisms.

The main reason for the development of purulent puncture wounds is insufficient outflow of fluid from the wound due to a narrow wound channel and a small hole on the surface of the skin.

Suppuration of lacerated and bruised wounds occurs as a result of contamination of crushed tissue and a large amount of dead tissue. Suppuration cut wounds observed less frequently (their edges are slightly damaged, the wound channel is often shallow).

Other factors that increase the risk of developing suppuration:

Characteristic symptoms

All manifestations of purulent wounds can be divided into general and local.

Local symptoms:

the presence of damage to the skin with purulent contents;
Regardless of the amount of pus, granulations and areas with dead tissue can form underneath.

The color of the purulent contents and its consistency depend on the type of pathogen:

yellow or white thick pus - when infected with staphylococcus;
brownish-yellow liquidish - E. coli;
greenish or yellowish watery - streptococcus;
brown with a fetid odor - anaerobic microbes;
yellowish, changing color in the air - Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The appearance of pus in the wound is accompanied by bursting or pressing pain. If the outflow of purulent contents from the wound is difficult (when a crust forms), the production of pus increases, and the affected area becomes inflamed. Throbbing pain appears due to increased pressure in the wound.

The skin around the wound turns red and is hot to the touch. In advanced cases, the skin acquires a purple or purplish-blue hue. The temperature rises, swelling of the tissue around the wound is observed. Physiological functions are disrupted (due to severe pain and swelling).

General symptoms are due to general intoxication as a result of toxins entering the body from a purulent wound:

body temperature rises;
general weakness;
increased sweating;
chills;
loss of appetite;
at laboratory research There is leukocytosis in the blood, accelerated ESR, and protein in the urine.

Purulent wounds that have not previously been treated are treated by surgeons. If suppuration occurs after initial surgical treatment, traumatologists are involved in treatment. Suppurating surgical wounds are treated by the operating doctors.

Antibacterial drugs are selected taking into account the sensitivity of the pathogen. Treatment of purulent wounds includes:

prescription of antibacterial drugs;
carrying out detoxification measures (hemodialysis, hemosorption, forced diuresis are used to remove toxins from the body, on an outpatient basis - drinking plenty of fluids);
(to increase the production of tissue protective factors and interferon by the body).

When a purulent focus is just forming, the goal is to thoroughly clean the wound, reduce inflammation, and eliminate pathogenic microorganisms. At the next stage, it is important to speed up the regeneration processes.

The greatest effect is obtained by using:

Vishnevsky ointment;
syntomycin liniment;
tetracycline ointment;
neomycin ointment.

How to cure with folk remedies?

If the wound has festered and you don’t want to use medications, you can use traditional medicine:

use aloe juice to irrigate wounds and lotions;
a paste of grape leaves applied to the wound will clear it of pus within 24 hours (it also has a hemostatic effect);
lotions from sauerkraut will help remove dried blood and prevent the development of inflammation;
powder prepared from calamus root can be poured directly onto the wound (has a bactericidal effect);
washed plantain leaves are applied to the wound for 20 minutes (the release of pus from small festering scratches stops and healing begins);
apply fresh garlic paste to the area with a purulent wound for several hours (itching may occur immediately, gradually the wound will begin to clear of pus, the bactericidal properties of garlic accelerate healing);
chopped fresh leaves and flowers are applied to the wound and left for a few minutes. You can prepare a decoction of chamomile and use it as a lotion. Simultaneously with external use, it is recommended to take chamomile infusion internally.

You cannot apply bandages with ointment to an open purulent wound - this impedes the outflow of pus and promotes its penetration deep into the tissues. For dressings, use gauze pads and bandages (instead of adhesive tape) to provide air access to the wound.

If you have purulent wounds, you should refrain from visiting the bathhouse, sauna, or swimming pool (in the summer, from swimming and sunbathing). It is not recommended to use essential oils until the end of the course of treatment (they can increase the flow of fluid to the affected area).

Prevention measures

To prevent suppuration of wounds it is necessary:

treat any scratches, abrasions, cuts and other damage to the skin (with a solution of iodine, brilliant green, hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate);
use sterile instruments when treating wounds;
promptly bandage existing wounds;
follow all doctor's orders;
take proper care of your skin;
apply individual means protection at enterprises (where provided).

When treating purulent wounds at home, treatment with simple and safe products that have bactericidal properties speeds up the healing process.