Black ulcers on legs. Trophic ulcers on the legs. The initial stage of a trophic ulcer

With various diseases, not only of the lower extremities, but also of a systemic lesion of the body, trophic ulcers can develop on the legs. The main problem is their identification in the initial stage, since the initial prognosis of the disease depends on how early treatment is started. Progressing over time, trophic ulcers on the legs lead to serious impairment of the quality of life of the patient.

Visualization

In the initial stage, an ulcer on the skin of the leg is a small rounded skin defect with limited damage to the subcutaneous layer to a depth of no more than 2 mm. But at the same time, all the signs of a trophic ulcer are traced: a violation of local blood circulation, clear boundaries of the defect, dryness of the underlying tissues, weak granulations in the wound zone.

Even in the initial stage, ulceration is serious problem, because due to trophic disorders, scarring occurs at an extremely slow pace, and the treatment of the disease is delayed. First of all, eliminate the causes:

Varicose disease.
Violation of lymphatic drainage from the leg.
Thrombophlebitis.
Atherosclerotic damage to the arteries of the legs.
Skin diseases - eczema, dermatitis.
Diabetes.
Mechanical or thermal impact at the initial stage - injury, burn.
Systemic diseases connective tissue, provoking trophic disorders - lupus, dermatomyositis.

The main mechanism for the formation of the initial stage of a trophic ulcer is a local microtrauma with damage to the skin, and then a subsequent violation of blood circulation in this area. The lack of a sufficient amount of active anti-inflammatory factors due to poor blood flow causes the formation of an ulcer.

How the disease manifests itself

Depending on the cause of the skin damage, the trophic leg ulcer looks different. At venous insufficiency defects are formed on the legs. The photo clearly shows that the predominant localization is the anterior outer surface. Before the appearance of ulceration on the skin, pathological processes develop:

A local bluishness is formed.
The integrity of the skin is broken.
Just before the onset of ulcer formation, whitish coarse scales form over the affected area.
After the whitish growths fall off, a rounded wound is exposed on the skin - this is how the initial stage of a trophic ulcer develops due to venous insufficiency.

At the initial stage of a trophic ulcer, a wound appears on the skin.

At the same time, the patient subjectively feels: dryness in the affected area, aching pain in the lower extremities, slight hemorrhagic discharge, weakness in the leg.

After the formation of an ulcer, it looks like a rounded defect with moderately cyanotic edges. The lack of blood flow is clearly visible in the photo. The patient does not feel pain in the leg at the site of an already formed trophic ulcer, but the function of the lower limb suffers. Even the initial ulceration indicates far-reaching venous disorders in the leg.

With problems with the arteries, the manifestations in the lower extremities are somewhat different. Even an external comparison of photos of two pathologies has significant differences. Arteries are affected by atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and other diseases, but not only vessels are affected, but also nerve fibers located in the affected area. The venous outflow is completely preserved.

The typical development of a trophic ulcer in the initial stage is as follows:

An area of local hyperemia appears.
The skin over it cracks, a small hemorrhagic discharge appears.
The adjacent skin is dry.
A zone of necrosis with a black center quickly forms at the site of the wound defect.
The necrotic crust falls off until an ulcerative defect of the lower extremities appears within 2 days.
The edges in the initial stage are very pale, which contrasts with the sharp hyperemia around the ulcer.

The locations of the affected areas on the legs are also characteristic. They can be schematically represented in the photo: the sole area, especially the heel area and thumb, skin of the outer region of the phalanges of the fingers, the ankle area from the outside.

The patient does not subjectively feel pain, but they appear when trying to load the leg. Treatment of ulcers caused by problems with the arteries is extremely difficult. In diabetes mellitus, especially when combined with a neurological defect, the initial manifestations progress rapidly.

Pain in a trophic ulcer occurs with a load on the legs.

How to get rid of the problem

Local treatment of a trophic ulcer on the lower extremities, even at the initial stage, is unthinkable without adequate control of the underlying cause of the skin defect. Therapy depends on the type of disease, since different systemic drugs are used for arterial and venous lesions.

The principles of therapeutic intervention for trophic disorders are as follows:

Improvement of blood circulation in the damaged area.
Fight against microbial insemination.
Restoration of reparative processes at the local level.
Ensuring stable function nerve fibers located in the legs.

In order for the treatment to be complete, it is desirable to combine systemic therapy aimed at improving blood flow and nerve trophism with drugs that act directly in the ulcer area. For the treatment of trophic ulcers on the legs, the following groups of drugs are used: vasodilators, angioprotectors, antiseptics, agents that improve reparative function, vitamins and metabolic stimulants.

For the purpose of systemic treatment, the drugs listed below are used.

Diosmin - tones the venous system of the lower extremities. It is used for trophic ulcers in the initial stage on the legs, associated with damage to the veins. The average dose for an adult is 600 mg per day in one dose. Treatment is carried out within 2 months.

Pentoxifylline - improves arterial blood flow in the area of a trophic ulcer. It is used orally and parenterally. It is used for trophic changes in the initial stage associated with damage to the arteries. The average dose is 600 mg per day in two divided doses.

Thiamine is a metabolic stimulant and corrector of the function of the nervous system. It is used parenterally, treatment is carried out in courses of 10 days. Improves nerve trophism on the leg. In the initial stage, it is useful in order to prevent rapid progression. The average dose is 50 mg per day.

The drug is used for systemic treatment of the disease.

Local treatment is carried out with means that restore damaged skin. Below are the drugs that can be used for initial ulcerative defects.

Depanthol - contains the reparant dexpanthenol and the antiseptic chlorhexidine. Effectively fights the reproduction of microbes and restores trophic tissue changes. The cream is used twice a day under a bandage.

Olazol - contains an anesthetic, a reparant and two antiseptics. As a healing component, the composition contains sea buckthorn oil. Release form - aerosol. It is applied under a bandage 4 times a day.

Polyvinox - has an antiseptic and regenerating effect. Available in the form of a balm. It is applied twice a day under a bandage on the leg.

Thus, it is important to quickly identify trophic ulcers in the initial stage and immediately begin treatment. This will preserve the full function of the lower extremities for a long time. Therapy should be complex, combine external treatment and systemic drugs. At the first sign of an ulcer, you should immediately contact a specialist.

With a variety of ailments of the legs, special non-healing wounds can appear - the so-called trophic ulcers on the leg, the treatment of which on their own at home is quite effective. Recovery is very difficult and long process, which includes a number of methods and activities.

Trophic ulcers- This open wounds different sizes, located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe feet and legs. As a rule, the disease manifests itself in circulatory disorders, as well as problems with blood vessels.

Treatment of a trophic ulcer on the leg with folk remedies consists in a local effect on the affected area of \u200b\u200bthe skin and trophism, and in eliminating the causes of the development of this pathology. In the absence of proper therapy, the process of suppuration begins, in which inflammation passes to the joints, muscles and tendons.

There are many different reasons why trophic wounds appear. Usually, the disease is provoked by some pathological processes that affect blood circulation, as well as damage at the site where the weeping wound will actively develop in the future. Of the many reasons that can cause the occurrence of such wounds.

Causes of occurrence:

Complications of vein diseases, for example, varicose veins, or thrombophlebitis, are the most common cause of the disease.
Hypothermia and burns.
Various complications on the legs in diabetes mellitus are the most difficult case of the manifestation of the disease.
Autoimmune diseases of connective tissues.
Any injury to the nerve trunks.
- lymphostasis of chronic or acute type.
Metabolic disease.

Symptoms of the disease

Trophic ulcers on the legs do not develop just like that, from scratch. There are certain signs that necessarily precede them.

Here are the symptoms of trophic ulcers on the legs:

Puffiness.
Pain in the legs.
Heaviness in the leg.
Burning and itching of the skin.
Roughening of the skin.
A visual change in the skin - they stretch, become more glossy, purple spots appear on them.

(Video: symptoms of trophic leg ulcers and treatment)

Treatment of the disease

General information

How to treat a trophic ulcer? How to cure? How to treat and why?

With the described disease, two different directions for the treatment of trophic ulcers are provided: general, as well as local effects.

General therapy is needed to normalize blood circulation, as well as to localize the underlying disease. Local treatment of trophic ulcers of the lower extremities is necessary for the direct elimination of wounds on the leg at home.

At the initial stages of the disease, it is possible to treat trophic ulcers on the legs at home, without surgical intervention. The main principles of conservative therapy:

Suppression of bacterial or.
Removal of areas of skin with tissue necrosis.
Regeneration of diseased areas of the skin.

Is it possible to wet a trophic ulcer, moisten? The patient is prescribed bed rest, as well as foot hygiene.

To reduce the risk of infection, bandages with a special solution are applied to the wound. For regeneration, disinfection of the affected area, therapeutic ointments for the treatment of trophic ulcers and gels are used. Any drugs for the treatment of trophic ulcers should be prescribed only by the attending physician.

Surgical intervention

Most effective method trophic ulcer on the leg of treatment, if antibiotics do not help, this is a surgical intervention. True, this method does not guarantee the complete absence of relapses from trophic ulcers, like antibiotics. With trophic ulcers and surgery, diseased areas are removed, the main cause of the disease is eliminated.

Currently, there are several surgical methods:

Vacuum therapy that allows you to quickly remove pus, reduce swelling, and also create a moist environment in the wound that will prevent bacteria from developing.
Catherization - suitable for wounds that do not heal for a long time.
Percutaneous stitching - well suited for trophic ulcers of the lower extremities, the treatment of the so-called hypertensive ulcer. The method separates venous-arterial fistulas.
virtual amputation. The metatarsophalangeal joint is dissected and metatarsal, however, the anatomical integrity of the foot is not violated - but the foci of bone infection are completely removed. This allows you to fight neurotrophic disease.

Treatment at home

Rules

Drug treatment of the disease can also be carried out at home with medicines, subject to certain rules:

A diet that involves limiting the number of carbohydrates consumed, increasing the amount of fresh fruits and vegetables.
Frequent rest.
Performing exercises that improve metabolic processes.
Wearing special orthopedic shoes with high-quality soles to avoid tissue injury.

Medications

Treatment of purulent diseases on the leg at home involves taking medications that improve the process of blood circulation, and also eliminate the cause of development:

Aspirin ( acetylsalicylic acid per tablet): the agent has an antiplatelet property (blocks the processes of aggregation and adhesion of platelets).
Venotonic preparations: used in the development of varicose ulcers.
Broad spectrum antibiotics.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Antihistamines.

Local treatment for ulcers is aimed at cleansing the wound from dead skin and eliminating pathogenic microbes:

Washing the wound with antiseptic solutions (chlorhexidine, potassium permanganate, furatsilin).
Applying bandages using a therapeutic gel (or using ointments): dioxicol, levomikol, streptolaven.

When treating a diseased area of the skin with ulcerative solutions of antiseptics, it is necessary to remove as much as possible non-viable tissue areas. Then apply a bandage. Dressing should be done every three days. More frequent treatment can provoke tissue injury.

Ulcerative defects heal after two weeks regular treatment trophic ulcer on the leg with varicose veins. However, treatment and dressings should be done until the wounds are completely healed.

Folk remedies

Laundry soap treatment

The ulcerative lesion must be washed, lubricated with dark laundry soap. Such treatment with folk remedies is accompanied by wearing compression stockings or stockings, which are intended for patients who have varicose veins in the legs.

A noticeable improvement occurs in a week, after five weeks, full healing can be expected. Thus, even soap can cure a trophic ulcer on the leg.

(trophic leg ulcer - home treatment)

Oil treatment

For this recipe, you need to fry in olive oil onion until golden. The cooled oil is well filtered through gauze into any sterile container and used for applications in the morning and evening, applied to the wound.

The crust that appears on the surface of the wound does not need to be torn off. Gradually, the sore will be cleared of pus, it cannot be wetted.

A tingling sensation indicates that the healing process has begun. Regular use of this recipe will lead to very fast scarring of the wound.

folk recipe

A slurry of the following components should be applied to the wound:

Household dark soap, grated on a fine grater - 100 g.
Water - 100 g.
Finely chopped onion - 100 g.
Millet groats - 100 g.
Old lard- 100 g.

All components are mixed until a special homogeneous mass is obtained. Apply to the wound in the morning and in the evening and hold until it is possible to endure a strong burning sensation. Effective for already chronic wounds, in particular in patients with diabetes (diabetic) mellitus.

Chlorophyllipt

For trophic ulcers on the leg of treatment at home, applications with sterile wipes for the treatment of trophic ulcers on the legs, which are impregnated with Novocaine and Chlorophyllipt, help well. Napkins should be changed every day, fixed on top with a net, and special compression stockings should be worn.

The wound will heal if a small crust appears on it. After two months, the wound will heal. At the site of the soaked ulcer, there will be no trace other than a dark spot.

Hydrogen peroxide

It is necessary to drop peroxide on the wound, then sprinkle this place with streptocide. On top should be put a napkin pre-moistened in 50 ml boiled water. Add two teaspoons of hydrogen peroxide to water. After that, cover the compress with a bag, tie it with a scarf.

Change the compress a couple of times a day. And add streptocide if the wound becomes moist.

Sponge Methuracol

Sponge Meturacol of domestic production is a combination of methyluracil and collagen, which is a white plate with a finely porous surface. Collagen is made from the shank of cattle. The sponge has a specific smell.

Using this sponge is very easy. It must be applied to the wound in such a way that the edges extend beyond the affected area by 1-1.5 cm. Before this, the wound is cleaned of necrotic tissues with an antiseptic solution.

The sponge should adhere to the surface of the skin tightly. It is fixed with a special bandage for the treatment of trophic ulcers on the legs. The replacement of the application is performed every two to three days, if there is a need for it, that is, if the drug is completely absorbed.

Wet areas of the sponge should be replaced with fresh plates. If Meturacol has not resolved and there are no wet areas, then the sponge is left until the tissues are fully granulated.

Prevention

Success in preventing the development of trophic ulcers depends on the effectiveness of the treatment of the disease that causes them. General preventive measures include the following:

Moderate physical activity and regular exercise physical therapy and chipping.
Avoid overheating and hypothermia.
Injury prevention.
Diet.
Control of blood sugar levels (diabetes treatment).
Quit smoking and alcohol.
Application compression underwear, you can use an elastic bandage (trophic ulcers with varicose veins).
Smart choice of shoes.

Conclusion

Treatment with folk remedies is a laborious and lengthy process. Recovery occurs only with constant treatment of diseased areas of the skin, compliance correct mode nutrition, healthy lifestyle.

Used folk remedies should be prescribed by the attending physician. Self-medication may well lead to the development of all sorts of complications.

Healed wet leg ulcers heal. Scars also need to be treated for trophic ulcers to reduce the risk of recurrence. As a special prophylaxis, they can be treated with natural oils (St. John's wort, chamomile, calendula).

A long load on the legs, walking over very long distances can provoke the re-development of the disease.

Home treatment of leg ulcers is advisable only at the initial stage of the disease, and with an integrated approach to the problem. In very severe cases, full surgical intervention is required. With timely and proper therapy, a complete recovery of the patient is possible.

Pathological malnutrition of tissues causes trophic ulcers of the lower extremities, which are long and difficult to heal.

Trophic ulcers on the legs are not an independent disease, but are caused by vascular pathologies or an infectious lesion against the background of circulatory disorders. The name of the disease indicates the main cause of the occurrence - malnutrition of tissues (trophism) and their subsequent necrosis (necrosis) against the background of a long-term illness and a critical decrease in the body's immune defenses. A trophic ulcer in 9 cases of 10 occurs on the feet and legs, the upper body is affected much less frequently, 6 out of 10 affected people are recognized as disabled.

Trophic lesions on the legs: features

A trophic ulcer on the leg is a deep lesion of the skin that does not heal for a long time or regularly recurs. Skin lesions on the lower extremities are classified as ulcers if the duration of its course exceeds 6 weeks, and it does not show a spontaneous tendency to heal.

The mechanism of the formation of pathology has not been fully studied, many conditions and diseases have been identified and described, the complication of which may be its appearance. Modern doctors consider the main causes of the condition:

insufficient blood circulation in the affected area;
oxygen starvation and nutritional deficiency of tissue cells;
pathology of lymphatic outflow;
violations of the passage of blood through the veins and arteries;
endocrinological and hormonal disorders;
extensive, systemic infection of the body.
heredity.

Most often, the occurrence of wounds is recorded in older people after 65 years of age (in some forms of pathology, women after 45 years of age are affected) against the background of:

forced immobility;
received injuries;
deep general exhaustion of the body.

Depending on the type of underlying disease, ulcers form on the lower extremities:

caused by a violation of venous or arterial circulation - venous or arterial;
triggered by development diabetes(diabetic foot or neurotrophic);
formed after injuries of the limbs;
infectious (pyogenic), arising against the background of already existing skin lesions;
appeared on the background of hypertension (Martorel's ulcer);
combined type, the cause of which was several factors that have a similar effect.
resulting from lesions of malignant tumors;
caused by other reasons.

The most common are varicose and neurotrophic (diabetic) trophic ulcers, you can see the photo here, arterial and mixed.

What a trophic ulcer looks like depends on the type of lesion:

venous are round in shape, jagged edges and purulent filling;
diabetic deep and dry, with rough keratinized edges, located on the feet;
ulcers that occur against the background of increased pressure are deep with clear edges, at the bottom, under the crusts of the scab, tendons are visible;
infectious multiple, small in diameter, located throughout the lower leg.

The appearance of trophic ulcers is evidence of a deep damage to the body by the disease:

venous ulcer occurs against the background of a long-term and severe varicose veins and the consequences of thrombophlebitis. Ulcers on the legs with varicose veins occur when congenital features the structure of the veins that violate the correct venous outflow;
an arterial trophic ulcer on the leg is caused by arterial pathologies that form against the background of atherosclerosis of the vessels of the extremities (in this case, completely (occlusion) or partially, due to narrowing, the blood flow is blocked). Usually, violations occur in the femoral or popliteal artery at the site of its bifurcation. The occurrence of a skin defect obliterating atherosclerosis, occurs at 4 stages of the development of the disease;
diabetic foot, as a kind of neurotrophic ulcer, occurs against the background of a complex lesion of the body by diabetes mellitus and the occurrence of a violation of the sensitivity of peripheral nerves. Similar lesions can be caused by infectious or toxic disorders of the nervous system;
ulcerative lesions, provoked by impaired lymph outflow, can occur against the background of erysipelas, after radiation sessions or surgery;
post-traumatic ulcers on the legs photo here, occur after various types of damage to the skin caused by fire, electric shock, chemicals, radiation. They can be the result of injury from firearms and cold weapons, bites, amputations in adults. Often can occur at the injection site of narcotic drugs in dependent patients;
pyogenic, or infectious, are caused by pathogens, viruses, fungi against the background of a general skin disease- tuberculosis, erysipelas, phlegmon, syphilis, leprosy, leishmaniasis, if its treatment is started, multiple wounds of the legs occur;
the cause of the appearance of an ulcer can be general diseases of a systemic nature, lasting a long period of time and significantly weakening the body - polyarthritis, lupus erythematosus, gout. TO possible reasons occurrences include severe renal and heart failure, severe and long-term liver disease, anemia, beriberi, and prolonged starvation.
long-term non-healing wounds on the skin can occur at the site of degenerate moles, papillomas and warts, malignant skin tumors or metastases of tumors of internal organs.

Venous trophic ulcers, arterial and atherosclerotic lesions are found in 6 cases out of 10, diabetic foot - in 2. The incidence of all other types of ulcers is 20% of the total number of diagnosed conditions. Trophic ulcers of the lower extremities are observed most often on the lower third of the lower leg, its front and outer side.

Condition Diagnostics

A trophic ulcer on the leg, see the photo below, is visually determined quite easily by the depth and severity of the skin lesion. An outwardly experienced physician can diagnose the type of defect by external pattern and depth, based on the patient's complaints and determination of the medical history.

Treatment of trophic ulcers on the legs is possible only after an accurate diagnosis of the primary disease, elimination of its symptoms, and consists in eliminating the symptom of the growth of the lesion and tissue death.

For diagnosis, the attending physician uses:

a general blood test to determine the possibility of its thickening and subsequent circulatory disorders, increased erythrocyte sedimentation and leukocyte levels (detection of inflammation). To diagnose a diabetic foot, blood sugar levels are determined;
bacteriological seeding of the contents of the wound (all trophic lesions are infected), to determine the infectious agent and antibiotic for treatment;
microscopic histological examination tissues, which can indicate oxygen and trophic starvation of cells, is carried out only in the early stages of the onset of pathology;
ultrasound examination (dopplerography), during which it is possible to monitor the blood flow in the vessels of the affected areas (the method is cheap, accessible, informative);
laser research (flowmetry) is performed similarly to ultrasound. The method is objective and highly accurate, it is used to diagnose circulatory pathologies;
radiography using a contrast agent is used to determine vascular defects - dilations, narrowings, aneurysms, occlusions, the method is technically complex, it is accurate;
MRI, CT and MSCT angiography determines defects in blood vessels and the bloodstream, changes in the structure of their walls, which leads to impaired blood circulation.

Treatment of a trophic ulcer on the leg can only be prescribed by a doctor after a thorough examination of the patient in combination with the treatment of the underlying pathology. A surgeon, phlebologist, endocrinologist, oncologist are involved in counseling the patient.

Symptoms and treatment of trophic ulcers by type

The pathological process of formation and development of the wound in each patient takes place individually; how to treat trophic ulcers on the legs, the doctor will determine based on:

their kind;
the depth of skin lesions and the number of foci;
general condition and age of the patient;
prognosis of the underlying disease.

There are wounds depending on the depth of the lesion. A trophic ulcer begins photo how superficial lesion(initial stage), gradually becomes heavier; the last stage is the penetration of the lesion to the tendon and bone.

The main goal of the treatment of trophic ulcers on the legs is:

improvement and resumption of blood flow in the affected area;
cleansing the wound from pus;
rejection of necrotic masses;
stimulation of the processes of formation of new healthy tissue;
scar formation;
prevention of new lesions.

For treatment apply:

conservative treatment;
surgical intervention;
physiotherapy;
preventive treatment;
diet and lifestyle changes.

In the West, conservative treatment is considered a priority, and rarely resort to surgical treatment, in Russia, the surgical method is more often used.

Surgical treatment includes both methods of cleansing the wound from dead tissue and pus, as well as the necessary removal of part of the foot or limb. Such methods include:

vacuum cleaning of the wound surface on the legs and subsequent treatment;
installation of a catheter on long-term festering, weeping ulcers;
removal of part of the joint and bone of the foot to eliminate excess pressure and
foci of infection;
a technique for processing the edges by stitching vascular fistulas through the skin to eliminate them.

Before treating trophic ulcers in an operative way, treatment with drugs is used.

The most commonly used:

antibiotics according to the results of the tank analysis;
anti-inflammatory drugs Diclofenac, Ketoprofen;
preparations for intravenous administration Pentoxifylline;
sedative tavegil and suprastin for stopping possible allergies;
solutions for washing wounds Furacilin, Chlorhexidine;
ointments for healing Dioksikol, Levomekol, Solcoseryl, Actovegin;
antioxidants Tocopherol
dressings for covering wounds Algipor, Sviderm, Geshispon.

Such treatment will be optimal until the inflammatory process stabilizes, then the use of surgical treatment to cleanse and close the wound with a skin flap (depending on the type).

Varicose lesion

Wounds occur on the skin of the lower third of the inner part of the lower leg, practically not occurring on the back and outer parts. There are venous ulcers as a secondary disease on the background of varicose veins. The cause of the occurrence is not completely clear, but doctors believe that the main factor causing trophic ulcers in varicose veins is the congenital weakness of the connective tissues of the vessels and the resulting valve defect. Not tightly closed, they are:

cannot provide physiologically correct blood flow;
provoke incorrect, "pendulum" circulation;
cause stagnation of blood and oxygen starvation of tissues, their gradual necrosis and development of wounds.

Another reason for the appearance of pathology is the development of vein thrombosis, which leads to a narrowing of the inner diameter of the vein and provokes blood stasis.

The development of trophic ulcers in varicose veins is a process that is quite extended in time. If left untreated, wounds can cover both limbs in diameter and be aggravated by infection (erysipelas, dermatitis).

The main symptoms of the development of the disease:

in the initial stage, the patient complains of swelling of the calves and legs;
at night, previously uncharacteristic leg cramps begin;
a distinct network of blue veins appears on the skin;
gradually the venous lines on the lower leg increase and merge into spots of purple and violet colors;
swelling and stagnation of lymph lead to effusion on the surface of the lesion;
the gradual expansion of spots captures new zones;
at the next stage, the skin on the affected areas becomes dense, smooth and shiny;
whitish flakes appear on the surface of the sores;
if the disease is not treated, signs of damage will appear in the near future;
the sore, which looks like a harmless scab, grows over time and turns into an abscess, will progress and capture the deep layers of the skin, penetrating to the fascia, muscles and tendons, with a severe degree of development - the periosteum;
a weeping ulcer is first filled with translucent masses with blood, then they become cloudy, as the infection joins, they become purulent;
an inflamed area forms around the wound;
all stages of development are accompanied by pain, increasing as the affected area expands.

Methods of treatment should take into account the confirmed diagnosis of impaired patency of the veins during hardware studies.

How to treat a trophic ulcer of varicose origin? Priority are surgical methods removal of venous pathologies and treatment of deep and subcutaneous to restore blood flow and eliminate the cause of wounds; cleansing and plastic directly ulcers. No less important is the prevention of trophic ulcers on the legs - constant wearing elastic stockings and proper bandaging of the legs with an elastic bandage.

A trophic ulcer on the leg, the predominant treatment of which is carried out at home, should be properly covered with a bandage. She:

protects the wound from infection;
eliminates the multiplication of infection in the wound;
creates a moderately moist surface, blocking the formation of a crust;
should remove pus and ichor from the wound, accelerating healing;
allows the wound to "breathe";
should be removed quickly, without pain and irritation of the wound.

Conservative treatment involves drug treatment with antibiotics (Miramistin, Hexicon), painkillers that accelerate tissue metabolism (Actovegin, Ebermin).

arterial ulcers

What is an atherosclerotic type trophic ulcer and how is it treated? The cause of the appearance is the pathology of the arteries and oxygen starvation of tissues provoked by circulatory failure. A small push - hypothermia, injury from tight shoes, a scratch or bite from an animal will be enough to cause an ulcer. The skin on the toe, on the heel, on the sides of the feet is affected. A photo of trophic ulcers on the legs allows you to clearly see the wounds, which outwardly look like small purulent lesions with yellowish skin folds around.

The beginning of the formation of wounds is preceded by the patient's complaints about night pains in the leg, fatigue, difficulty and occasional lameness when walking. On examination, it is found that the leg affected by ulcers is colder than healthy (the patient complains that she is constantly cold at night). At risk are people over 60 years of age. If treatment is not started immediately after the first symptoms appear, then the entire skin on the feet is affected.

Treatment of pathology

The main methods of treating the disease are considered to be the use of vascular plasty (angioplasty, stenting). In parallel, drug treatment is carried out with Alprostadil, Pentoxifylline, Actovegin, Mexidol. To close the wounds, wet dressings are used with the use of antiseptic solutions based on iodine.

After the surgical correction of the blood flow, the surface of the wound is covered with gel dressings that are able to maintain optimal wound moisture to accelerate healing and discharge of dead tissues from the wound; if the affected area is large, surgical methods are used.

In outpatient treatment, a constant change of the bandage on the leg at home is necessary. In this case, wounds must be treated with Digispon, Collahit. Patients are prescribed a refusal to nicotine, a mandatory selection of comfortable shoes, and diet.

Is it possible to cure this type of trophic ulcer? If therapy is started late, the lower part of the legs is completely covered with ulcers, the skin is affected so deeply and massively that even surgery does not lead to scarring and healing of wounds, stop completely pain syndrome fails. At a certain period, symptoms of gangrene begin to appear, and the only method of treatment is amputation at the height of the lower leg (if the foot is affected) or thigh (if the lower leg is damaged). According to statistics, limb loss is predicted for every second patient during the year.

diabetic foot

The symptoms of diabetic foot damage are similar to arterial lesions, but are complemented by a loss of sensitivity of the nerve endings. Complaints of a patient with diabetic foot are similar to those of arterial lesions, but without intermittent claudication. The occurrence of wounds in places of corns, on thumbs feet. The reason is a violation of gait due to insensitivity of the foot and a redistribution of support when walking.

Diabetic foot is dangerous due to frequent infection, vascular disorders, poor prognosis of the course of the disease. A characteristic ulcer of this type is deep, with undermined edges and a skin roller around, loss of sensitivity is often recorded.

To prevent skin inflammation and the occurrence of trophic ulcers, it is necessary:

carefully monitor the integrity of the skin and consult a doctor even with minimal damage;
wash your feet daily, you should be especially careful about the condition of the skin between the fingers, the water after washing should be gently blotted with a towel, and not wiped;
exclude hypothermia of the legs and the impact on them hot water. Feet are usually cold, in which case it is better to wear socks;
wear only the most comfortable shoes, without protruding seams, the lining should be intact, if the feet are strongly curved, it must be sewn individually;
use street shoes that are worn exclusively on the toe, without straps and buckles. Socks must be intact, without seams and traces of darning;
use only sparing preparations for minor injuries - smear them with chlorhexidine or hydrogen peroxide. It is forbidden to use alcohol, iodine and brilliant green;
use only approved pedicure products, cut nails straight to avoid ingrown, remove calluses only with a pumice stone or a special file;
treat the skin of the feet daily nourishing cream. It is forbidden to touch the area between the fingers.

An obligatory stage in treatment is the rejection of cigarettes, which significantly reduces the risk of amputation.

Alternative treatment of ulcers

An open long-term ulcer on the leg and its treatment at home requires constant medical supervision; traditional medicine can be used only with his permission.

To remove pus and dead tissue, washing with infusions of chamomile, marigold and string is used. Excellent antimicrobial properties possesses celandine.

For the healing of ulcers in diabetes mellitus, powdered tartar leaves are used, which are sprinkled on the wound after washing. A golden mustache has a similar effect.

Quite famous is the recipe for washing wounds with freshly prepared whey, which remains after the production of homemade cottage cheese. After washing, a small piece of soft fresh cottage cheese is applied to the wound, which is covered with parchment and fixed with a bandage.

To create moisture in the wound and conditions for rejection of dead tissues, compresses from saline solution(1 tablespoon of sea or ordinary salt per liter of water), which should be applied to the treated wound, covered with compress paper and secured with a bandage for 3 hours. Then remove the bandage for 4 hours, repeat.

Some healers warn that ointment should not be applied directly to the wound, it does not allow necrotic masses to be rejected. The medicine must be applied to a sterile napkin and applied to the ulcer. Worked well in treatment combined ointment with streptocide. For preparation, you need to take a tube of Hyoxysone, Methyluracil and Gentamicin ointments, the drug Sinaflan. Mix the preparations with streptocide (4 packets) and 100 g of petroleum jelly. Use the ointment every evening, laying on a napkin.

A trophic ulcer on the legs is a difficult test for both the patient and the attending physician. Elimination of the main cause of the disease and timely treatment necessary to save the patient's life.

Content

Pathological processes that lead to the formation of ulcerative defects have many causes. Doctors who promise a quick cure are more likely to treat the symptom than to address the source of the problem. Trophic ulcers are localized in most diagnostic episodes on the lower extremities (in some cases, on the hands) and are skin lesions that do not heal for more than 6 weeks.

What is a trophic ulcer

At its core, a trophic ulcerative lesion, which is accompanied by a violation of the upper layer of the skin and a tissue area with damage to the vessels under it (it is not contagious, except for infectious diseases). Such manifestations are often localized on the legs, since they experience the maximum load in everyday life. In addition, ulcers are located on any part of the body where tissue microcirculation is disturbed. They look like an ulcerated spot, surrounded by skin defects, from which pus, lymph and blood are released.

Symptoms

It is difficult to notice the formation of an ulcer, because at the beginning of development it is no different from a banal bruise. Often patients turn to specialists when a full-fledged surgical intervention is already required to eliminate the destroyed tissue areas. If the patient knows that his disease can lead to the formation of such ulcers, then he should carefully monitor the condition of his skin. Signs of ulcerative manifestations and their initial stages of development (on the example of the legs, but all points refer to any part of the body):

regular severe swelling of the lower extremities;
severe periodic cramps in the calves (more often at night);
burning and itching on separate sections;
sensation of heat in the legs;
hypersensitivity skin to contact;
thickening of the skin;
sweat-like discharge on the surface.

Causes

Trophic ulcer is a symptom dangerous disease, not a problem in itself. If you treat only a skin problem, then after a while it will appear again (or the treatment will be unsuccessful). When making a diagnosis by a vascular surgeon, he will definitely refer the patient for a full examination to identify the cause of the ulcerative lesion. What can provoke trophic ulcers on the legs:

injuries of any type that have not been properly treated;
burns;
frostbite;
bedsores;
complication of varicose veins;
chronic vascular diseases;
chemical contact effect;
radiation or radiation exposure;
constant wearing of unsuitable shoes;
complications of diabetes;
purulent infections
insufficient patency of blood in the veins and arteries;
autoimmune diseases;
weakened immunity, including AIDS;
chronic arterial hypertension;
a sharp set of body weight (found in bodybuilders who actively build muscle);
syphilis;
tuberculosis;
brain and spinal cord injuries.

Kinds

Trophic peptic ulcer depending on the location and cause, it can have a different etiology, so it is important to accurately diagnose the underlying disease. Ulcers begin to form at different levels of tissues, and their varieties are also classified by reason of formation and structure. There are six main types of ulcers:

Arterial (atherosclerotic). Formed as a result of a shift in ischemia of the soft tissues of the lower leg (impaired arterial circulation). The initial appearance provokes a permanent or severe one-time hypothermia, uncomfortable shoes, violation of the skin. It is localized in most episodes in the area of the foot. Appears as semicircular painful wounds of small size, filled with pus, with dense edges and pale yellow skin around. Formed more often in elderly patients with destruction of the arteries of the extremities, formations from the heel to the lower leg increase in diameter and depth.
Venous ulcers on the legs. The initial trigger is a violation of normal venous circulation in the veins, localization - within the lower leg. They begin to develop from spots of purple color. Wrong treatment can lead to the growth of the ulcer inside to the Achilles and muscles, a fatal outcome is possible due to blood poisoning.
diabetic ulcers. They develop in patients with diabetes mellitus if treatment and prevention are not followed, ulcers are often formed on the lower extremities. Home treatment actually does not give results, surgical intervention and serious drug therapy are required. Appearance: sores of large diameter with deep defects in the tissue, heavy bleeding and purulent discharge with a sharp bad smell(diabetic foot).
Neurotrophic ulcers. Appear after damage to the head or spine due to impaired innervation of the limbs and damage to the nervous structure. Outwardly, they look like small craters that emit an unpleasantly smelling pus. The depth of ulceration can reach the tendons and bones.
Hypertensive ulcers (Martorella). Occurs in the presence of a malignant arterial hypertension, which leads to the destruction of the walls of small vessels. Outwardly, they look like symmetrical small spots of a red-bluish hue with mild pain on palpation. It often develops in women after 40 years, the pathology is accompanied by severe pain at any time of the day, it is most prone to bacterial infection.
Pyogenic. Hygienic ulcers that are characteristic of the inhabitants of the streets. Appear against the background of furunculosis, purulent eczema when ignoring the rules of personal hygiene. Form - oval, small depth of ulceration.

Complications

Ignoring any disease, regardless of the symptoms of its manifestation, will gradually lead to complications. Trophic ulcers of the lower extremities in this sense are one of the most dangerous: purulent processes small localizations are a beneficial environment for the development of infections with the gradual destruction of surrounding tissues (a typical example is homeless people with serious pyogenic lesions). What can threaten ignoring trophic ulceration:

eczema of various kinds around ulcers;
the development of fungal diseases;
streptococcal lesions of the skin;
deformation and destruction of joints, tendons;
vein thrombosis;
cancers in rare cases with total neglect of the problem;
removal of affected muscle tissue;
amputation of totally affected limbs.

Diagnostics

The initial indicators for identifying the presence of such an ulcer are varicose veins and phlebothrombosis. Diagnosis occurs after a comprehensive examination of the patient for the presence of diseases that provoke the appearance of a problem. The primary diagnosis of the disease occurs by palpation of the zone possible localization. If trophic manifestations are suspected (subcutaneous dips on the shins or calves, hardening of the skin, discoloration), ultrasound of the leg veins, rheovasography and ultrasound duplex examination are additionally performed.

Treatment of trophic ulcers

How to treat trophic ulcers on the legs if they appear? Long-term therapy similar diseases represents A complex approach, which aims in parallel to minimize the impact of the underlying disease and eliminate the non-healing ulcers themselves. Conservative therapy begins with the use of antibiotics to limit the development of purulent lesions and secondary local infections. Separately, drugs are selected to normalize the work of blood vessels and circulatory system, effective treatment ulceration.

Ulcers are cleaned using special enzymes. After partial healing and normalization of the tissue condition, vessels and veins are surgically restored, and total skin lesions are removed. Ulcerated areas should be observed after the cure of the underlying disease in order to prevent their reappearance against the background of weakened immunity. There is no rigid treatment regimen, because the causes of ulcers and their forms are very different.

Surgery

It is important that primary processing and surgical intervention were carried out properly, otherwise there is a high probability of secondary progression of trophic tissue damage. The main foci of inflammation, affected areas, purulent discharges are removed in an operative way (restoration of blood vessels - separate category operations, which is carried out after the elimination of the ulcer). Treatment of non-healing wounds on the legs:

vacuum: pumping out pus, reduces swelling, stimulates blood flow and regenerative processes, reduces the risk of relapses, blocks access to bacteria and viruses;
catheterization: used for deep ulcers that are difficult to heal;
stitching of veno-arterial fistulas to divide the area of the wound into smaller wounds for a more targeted effect.

Medical therapy

Invasive therapy is aimed at maintaining immunity, fighting infection and the underlying disease. Treatment of the ulcer itself is often limited to the use of therapeutic ointments and creams, which will reduce the bacteriological component, will provoke tissues to heal. Another way active substance cannot be delivered to the affected area. Lotions from the compositions are used only after a thorough cleaning of the wound.

Name of the drug	Properties	Mode of application	Notes
Solcoseryl	An ointment is used to stimulate regenerative processes and cleanse the wound. Active substances ointments normalize blood flow in the vessels, which provokes tissue repair, even over large areas.	The frequency of use directly depends on the degree of damage to the focus and intensity. purulent discharge(on average - 2-3 per day).	Solcoseryl has virtually no contraindications (except for individual intolerance).
Stellanin	A relatively new drug, the action of which is aimed at restoring the body's immune defenses. Stimulates the restoration of blood circulation and stops the appearance of purulent secretions.	You can use the ointment only after consulting your doctor, because there is a large list of contraindications.	Not suitable for people with thyroid problems.
Argosulfan	Antibacterial action. Relieves pain, burning in the affected area, protects wounds from infections.	The ointment is applied in a dense thick layer on the most cleaned wound 2-3 times a day to heal the damaged area.	Problems can arise with individual intolerance to sulfathiazole, congenital deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. During pregnancy, the ointment can be used if the lesion does not exceed 20% and possible benefit outweighs the theoretical risk to the fetus.

Compression therapy

Fixation with compression bandages is mandatory in the treatment of trophic ulcerative manifestations and varicose veins at all stages of the disease. This effect helps to reduce the diameter of the veins, reduce swelling. Modern technologies suggest using non-classical elastic bandages, but specialized compression underwear, which can be selected in size and for a specific area of \u200b\u200bthe limb.

Physiotherapy procedures

Physiotherapy helps to improve the microcirculation of the vessels of the lower extremities, reduce inflammatory processes in tissues, promotes healing of the ulcer focus. Such manipulations are allowed if the therapeutic effect does not worsen the condition of the limbs and brings real benefits. Methods differ in the direction of exposure:

reduction of inflammation: microwave and UHF therapy;
bactericidal effect: electrophoresis with an antibacterial component (cleanses ulcerous localization from necrotic components), aeroionotherapy, darsonvalization (exposure to high-frequency currents);
vasodilating effects: galvanization, infrared irradiation, ultratonotherapy, electrophoresis;
for wound healing, the formation of healthy tissues: paraffin therapy, oxygen barotherapy, magnetotherapy;
ozone and air baths.

Folk methods

It is important to remember that a trophic non-healing defect is not a cold or a corn. A complete cure will occur only after the complex treatment of the provocative disease and the ulcer itself. The use of folk remedies should be agreed with the treating specialist in order to exclude deterioration or neutralization of the therapeutic effects of traditional therapy. Popular home remedies for ulcerative foci:

Hemorrhagic tincture. Stimulates the healing of the focus of the disease and the regeneration of skin areas. The root of the plant must be ground to a powder state and pour 100 ml of chilled boiled water. Infuse for 10 hours and take 1 tbsp before meals. l. three times a day.
Birch ash compress. Pour 100 grams of powder with 1 liter of boiling water, close the container and wrap tightly in a blanket or blanket. After 2 hours, moisten the gauze in the resulting liquid and apply to the cleaned focus of the disease for 3-4 hours. The procedure is carried out within 2-3 weeks.
Wraps with golden mustache leaves. Finely pick the leaves and crush in a mortar until the juice appears. Treat the focus with a sterile solution (hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine), put the mass on the focus and cover with a sterile bandage (burning is possible in the first minutes). Treat the ulcer area until complete healing.

Prevention

It is important to remember that ulcerative lesions appear in diseases of the arteries, damage to the venous structure. With varicose veins, when the patient refuses surgical intervention, it is recommended to wear compression underwear, which is selected individually. For patients, it is strongly recommended to reduce the load on the legs, monitor weight, avoid working in hazardous industries (hot shops) if possible, adhere to a strict diet and avoid injury to tissues that are prone to ulceration.

Video

Attention! The information provided in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and make recommendations for treatment, based on individual characteristics specific patient.

Did you find an error in the text? Select it, press Ctrl + Enter and we'll fix it!

Sores on the legs can be the result of a congenital or acquired disease. This is a very unpleasant phenomenon, which is quite difficult to deal with. For example, according to official statistics, at least 2 million people suffer from trophic ulcers. The cause can be either a weakened immune system or a complication caused by diabetes mellitus.

About common symptoms of trophic ulcer

Sores on the legs, which are a trophic ulcer, are quite difficult to recognize on early stage. For example, if a person spends all day on his feet, then he takes the fatigue of the lower extremities and pulling pain as the norm. Noticed redness, a small area of white skin or swelling - for an insect bite or an allergy. At the same time, the main part of the population begins to think: how to smear the sores on the legs in order to eliminate the aesthetic defect? Zelenka, alcohol, ointment and much more are used, which only aggravates the disease.

As soon as the process of development of a trophic ulcer began, an urgent need to go to an appointment with a phlebologist. These are the following symptoms:

heaviness and buzzing in the legs;
weakness, growing in the evening;
unpleasant itching, causing a slightly noticeable inflammation of the skin;
swelling that appears after prolonged sitting, drinking plenty of fluids or long walks;
convulsions of the calf muscle that occur at a time when complete relaxation occurs (deep night or morning).

Sores on the legs with diabetes

Patients with diabetes eventually begin to notice sores on their legs - the skin is rough and flakes noticeably. Hair becomes dull, palms and soles become covered with cracks and calluses, and skin covering takes on a yellowish tint. Nails can also become deformed and thickened.

Many types of sores on the legs, as well as dermatological disorders, indicate the presence of diabetes even before the doctor makes a diagnosis.

To avoid skin lesion possible through strict adherence to the rules of hygienic care. The use of conventional cosmetics should be kept to a minimum, as, for example, exposure to toilet soap can lead to a decrease in the acidity of the skin and its ability to resist microbes. For washing hands and feet, as well as for washing, it is necessary to use a pH-neutral soap. To cleanse the face, you can use cosmetic milk or water lotion.

Types of ulcers

Many people suffer from leg ulcers. This disease looks like a deep defect in the skin or basement membrane and inevitably causes inflammation. The cause of an ulcer is a malnutrition of the cells, which, in turn, impairs the ability to recover.

Ulcers are:

arterial;
venous;
pyogenic;
diabetic;
neurotrophic.

An open sore on the leg for a long period of time (2 months or more).

The main causes of leg ulcers

Ulcers may be caused by arterial insufficiency, diabetes and other factors.

As for diseases, the appearance of ulcers can be caused by varicose veins, thrombosis, incompetence of perforating veins. These diseases lead to stagnation of blood in the veins, malnutrition of tissues and their destruction.

Arterial insufficiency can lead to the appearance of ulcers due to Menckeberg's arteriosclerosis. In addition, the cause of the development of trophic ulcers may be hidden:

1. In various infections:

fungal (coccidioidomycosis, sporotrichosis, etc.);
bacterial (ecthyma, boils, etc.);
protozoan (leishmaniasis).

2. In metabolic disorders:

Gaucher disease;
skin calcification;
gout;
diabetes mellitus;
bullous pemphigoid, etc.

Leukemia, sarcoma, melanoma, metastases and any other malignant neoplasm may cause ulceration.

Sores on the legs can also be the result of common calluses, burns, insect bites, frostbite, radiation dermatitis and other factors.

How to recognize an ulcer on the leg?

The process of the occurrence of an ulcer is difficult not to notice, since the symptoms are quite obvious. It all starts with the appearance of burning, itching and redness, as well as a slight coarsening to the touch.

Got spots on your legs? There is no need to wait for skin peeling and the appearance of long-term non-healing wounds, it is better to immediately consult a doctor, because if you leave the disease unattended and run, it can “hook” the muscles and even the periosteum.

Prevention of the appearance of a trophic ulcer

A person suffering from varicose veins or another condition that increases the likelihood of leg ulcers should adhere to the following guidelines:

wearing compression stockings and elastic bandage;
minimizing prolonged stress and physical inactivity;
avoid overheating and hypothermia.

Venous ulcers on the legs

The following symptoms indicate that the leg was struck by a venous ulcer:

puffiness;
dryness, itching, thickening, and sometimes a brownish color (if there is severe swelling, the skin looks stretched and shiny);
with the development of varicose eczema, scalyness and small cracks are observed;
the inflammatory process of the ulcer may be accompanied by an unpleasant odor and the release of a pale yellowish-greenish liquid.

The location of a venous ulcer is usually on the inside of the leg just above the ankle.

Factors provoking venous ulcer

A venous ulcer can be aggravated or provoked by the following:

a healed ulcer that damaged the venous system;
fracture or any other injury;
thrombus in a deep vein;
surgical intervention;
working conditions in which a person sits or stands for a long period of time;
inflammation of deep veins;
pregnancy;
overweight.

How to cure leg ulcers?

How to treat sores on the legs? It all depends on the factors that caused the ulcer or prevented its healing. Once each of these is brought under control, such as blood sugar levels, the skin lesion will go away on its own.

Treatment usually includes cleaning the wound, using anti-inflammatory drugs, and using dressings. If you have healthy arteries, you can also use pressure bandages.

A positive effect can be achieved through vascular surgery. The implantation of a new leg artery, or balloon angioplasty, is a procedure that expands a narrowed artery and eliminates its blockage.

Sometimes, in order to hide the ulcer, they resort to plastic surgery- transplant the skin from any inconspicuous area to the surface of the wound.

home treatment

The main rules for the treatment of trophic ulcers include:

Special diet: carbohydrates should be reduced, vegetables and fruits should be significantly increased, and spices and spicy foods should be completely eliminated.
Bed rest. Of course, it’s not worth lying in bed all the time, but rest should be daily.
Special exercises of a regular nature, aimed at eliminating blood stasis and improving metabolism: flexion and extension of the legs in the prone position, rotation of the feet, crossing the legs extended upwards, etc.
Wearing special orthopedic shoes that reduce the risk of injury.

Several recipes for the treatment of trophic ulcers:

The Tatar has proven himself quite well. Dry leaves must be ground to a state of dust, and then sifted, put in a jar and placed in a dark place. After treating the wound with some pharmaceutical agent(for example, "Rivanol") you need to blow powder on it and fix it with a bandage. The result - the ulcer dries up, and the resulting crust disappears over time.
Tool based curd whey. From homemade milk, you must first make curdled milk, then pour the resulting product into gauze and hang it up. Serum is recommended to be used to lubricate the sore, and cottage cheese - to apply to the affected area.
Streptomycin. A few crushed tablets can not only relieve pain, but also quickly heal the wound.

What is swelling of the lower extremities?

Edema in the legs is pathological process, causing accumulation in the intercellular space of various volumes of fluid. Outwardly, this phenomenon looks like swelling.

At the same time, a person begins to feel heaviness in the legs or even pain. As a result of pressure, a fossa is usually observed. The occurrence of puffiness is usually accompanied by the following points:

increased permeability of the walls of blood vessels;
violation of the lymphatic and venous outflow of fluid, which leads to increased pressure in these vessels;
the chemical composition of blood plasma and tissue fluid does not correspond to the norm.

Causes of edema

Edema in the legs may appear due to hemodynamic disturbances in the zone of osmotic regulation. The location of these zones is the atrium, therefore, the result of their reaction to such a failure is a significant decrease in blood flow in the extremities. Further, a reaction of the sympathetic nervous system is observed, leading to an increase in the level of catecholamines in the blood, which reduces the excretion of fluid from the body and leads to a narrowing of the peripheral vessels.

The role of endocrine system in the process of regulating the amount of fluid in the body. If the hypothalamus begins to produce, then this inevitably leads to an increase in the total volume of blood circulating through the vessels. Such a change can lead to an increase in pressure, including hydrostatic pressure, which greatly complicates the evacuation of excess fluid from the tissues. In addition, the presence of a large volume of blood stretches vascular walls, which leads to an increase in permeability and the entry of protein molecules from the blood must into the tissues. The result is venous stasis, causing vasospasm lymphatic system, which further complicates the outflow of fluid from the tissues.

Causes of skin rashes

The spot on the leg itches - what to do? First you need to find out the reason for its appearance: to determine what kind of disease caused it. The primary action is to contact a qualified specialist who will find out exactly why the skin has changed color and select the necessary treatment.

Hormonal failure, a disease of any internal organ or the manifestation of allergies - these are the main causes of skin rash. Every person periodically encounters the appearance of red spots, but if they are present on the body from birth, then you should immediately seek help from a vascular surgeon and phlebologist.

You can get rid of it by reviewing your own diet. The exclusion of spicy, smoked and fried foods can significantly refresh the skin color and improve its condition. A dry sore on the leg will pass much faster if you do not comb it.

A bright pink rash can be triggered by a lack of vitamins. In this situation it is recommended: plentiful drink, proper nutrition (more fresh fruits and vegetables) and bed rest.

The cause of discomfort can be anything, from allergic reaction to the use of depilatory cream or cosmetics and ending with uncomfortable shoes.

Sores on the legs do not go away? An injured part of the body will heal much faster if it is carefully treated immediately after the injury has been received. Particularly severe cases require qualified assistance from medical professionals who will suture if necessary and help the victim with valuable advice and useful recommendations.

If there is no qualified specialist nearby, then it is recommended to use any antiseptics that are at hand: brilliant green, iodine, hydrogen peroxide, etc. After treatment, the wound should be covered with a temporary sterile dressing. It is necessary to bandage the damaged areas at least 2 times a day and remember that different means must be used to treat wet and dry wounds.