The child's first teeth erupt with symptoms. Teething of upper teeth in children: photos, symptoms

Newborn babies develop quickly; within a few months they learn to hold their heads, crawl, and recognize their parents and loved ones.

At 4 - 6 months from birth, children's first milk teeth erupt.

But often this happens happy event accompanied by unpleasant and painful symptoms.

You can go through all the troubles a little easier if you know what means and methods to help your baby.

Teething is natural process laid down by nature itself. The rudiments of teeth are formed in the womb, and when the time comes to try new food, except breast milk, the teeth begin to actively break out.

During this period, it is important to notice the first signs in order to speed up the process of teething and alleviate the baby’s condition.

Redness, swelling, rash on the gums

One of the main signs is redness of the gums.. A sharp tooth tears soft tissue from the inside, causing redness and swelling, irritation occurs, and there is a risk of stomatitis.

The appearance of this sign is associated with the protective function of the body, because saliva cleanses the oral cavity and disinfects, washing away pathogenic microbes and reducing the risk of infection. The symptom goes away as soon as the tooth appears on the surface.

The child puts everything in his mouth and scratches his gums

Itching in the gums occurs when the teeth actively move towards the surface. This sign indicates teething, which can be accelerated.

Offer your baby special toys - teethers. Gum massage can also relieve pain.

Loss of appetite

Constant pain and itching in the mouth contribute to loss of appetite, making it difficult for the child to eat.

Gum pain often spreads to the entire jaw, neck and head. Excellent foods during this period would be breast milk or formula, liquid purees and porridge.

Vomit

In some cases, one-time vomiting occurs, associated with excessive salivation, especially at night.

It is important to make sure that vomiting is not associated with poisoning or an infectious disease; it should not occur more than 1-2 times a day and be accompanied by severe diarrhea.

Tearfulness, irritability

Constant itching and sore gums do not bring joy to the baby, so for several days he may be more capricious than usual.

Children often wake up in the middle of the night with a loud cry that stops after a few minutes; the reason of that - sharp pain in the gums.

Temperature increase

It is considered one of the most common symptoms. The increase in temperature is associated with the protective function of the body, which tries to protect the body of a small person from diseases.

It is a known fact that the infection dies at a body temperature above 38 °C, so it is not recommended to kill it before 38.5 °C.

Deterioration of sleep

If your baby begins to sleep poorly and constantly demands to be held, then a tooth may soon appear.

During this period, the child needs support; it would be better to use a sling and spend more time with the baby in your arms, because mother is the best pain reliever.

Constipation

Often this symptom occurs in bottle-fed babies. The child refuses fiber-rich fruits and vegetables and drinks only formula, which hardens the stool.

During this period, the intestines secrete a large amount of enzymes that can cause constipation.

Diarrhea

This symptom occurs in every third child. And it is associated with a large amount of saliva secreted, which enters the intestines, diluting the feces. Refusal of solid foods can also trigger the symptom.

It is important to note that stool should not be more than 5 times a day, otherwise diarrhea becomes a sign rotavirus infection or food poisoning.

Nasal congestion, runny nose

This sign often accompanies teething. The immune system is greatly weakened, and an infection enters the baby’s respiratory tract, which is difficult for the body to overcome. As a result, an inflammatory process begins, which often goes away on its own within a week.

It is necessary to closely monitor the child’s health and be observed by a pediatrician and otolaryngologist to prevent the condition from worsening.

If the baby is bothered by nasal congestion, the mucus must be sucked out with an aspirator before going to bed, after rinsing the nasal passages with saline solution.

Cough

Cough occurs due to swelling of the larynx and profuse drooling. It should not be long and paroxysmal.

To prevent the development of infection respiratory tract, the baby needs to be shown to a specialist.

Diathesis

Diathesis, allergic rash or irritation on the chin due to the appearance of teeth. But if such a symptom occurs, it is important to make sure that the child has not eaten anything allergenic.

If the rash is localized exclusively around the lips and on the chin, then this is due to a large amount of saliva that flows from the mouth, irritating the child’s delicate skin.

You can alleviate the condition with the help of a cream with panthenol.

Sourish odor from the mouth

The cause of bad breath is the gums, which become inflamed due to pathogenic bacteria. This symptom goes away on its own after the tooth erupts completely.

Swelling of the cheeks

If a child has a swollen cheek, then it is necessary to visit a dentist to exclude the development of severe infectious diseases oral cavity.

Swelling occurs due to swelling of the gums, as well as with gumboil. In any case, this is a symptom indicating an inflammatory process.

Approximate timing and order of teething

Each baby is individual, so the dates presented in the table are approximate. Average statistical data does not indicate any deviations if a particular child’s teeth began to erupt earlier or later.

Symmetry is considered an important aspect. Teeth should erupt in twos, no more than 2 weeks apart.

Name of teeth	Child's age (months)
Lower central incisors	6 - 9
Lower lateral incisors	7 - 10
Upper central incisors	8 - 10
Upper lateral incisors	9 - 12
First lower molars	12 - 18
First upper molars	14 - 19
Lower canines	16 - 22
Upper canines	18 - 20
Second lower molars	20 - 31
Upper second molars	24 - 30

Often baby teeth grow in the wrong order, but this is not always a pathology. A disorder in the order in which teeth appear may indicate that one of them is missing.

To exclude pathology, the child should be shown to the dentist every 3 months from the moment the first tooth erupts.

It used to be believed that late teething was a sign of rickets, but this is not true.

Delay in the appearance of teeth occurs among a huge number of healthy children. It is caused by genetic factors.

You will learn more about teething in the video.

How to alleviate a child's condition

There are five ways you can speed up the process of teeth growth and remove pain syndrome.

Teethers

To speed up the process and relieve itching, you need to invite your baby to chew on specially designed devices. There are several types of teethers:

• silicone;
• in the form of a fingertip;
• in the form of rattles with a cooling effect;
• in the form of a pacifier.

All of them are made from baby-safe materials and are used starting from the age of three months, when the child can hold the toy himself.

Gels for pain relief

Kalgel

The drug reduces pain and prevents infections from developing in the oral cavity. It is allowed from the age of five months; it must be rubbed into the gums with massage movements with a clean finger no more than 5 times a day.
The drug has a number of contraindications and can cause allergies.

Kamistad baby

The gel contains lidocaine and relieves pain well; it is allowed to be used from 3 months, but under the supervision of a doctor.

Use the drug no more than 3 times a day due to high content active substance.

Holisal

The remedy is considered one of the most effective, as it anesthetizes, eliminating the causes of pain - swelling of the mucous membrane and inflammation.

Cholisal is perfect in cases where teething is accompanied by stomatitis.

Dentinox

Contains chamomile, mint decoction and lidocaine, therefore it perfectly relieves inflammation and pain. However, herbs can cause allergic reactions and rashes, so use the drug with caution.

You can use it often, every hour.

Mundizal

The drug helps in 2 minutes and lasts up to 3 hours. Its peculiarity is that it is not washed off with saliva.

Dentolbaby

The product has a cooling effect, but does not relieve pain.

Baby doctor

Does not contain lidocaine, contains only natural ingredients plant origin. The downside of the gel is that it does not help with severe pain.

Medications

In cases where gels do not help, the following medications are indicated:

1. Nurofen. Candles and syrup relieve pain and elevated temperature, the effect lasts up to 8 hours.
2. Dentokid tablets. Relieves pain during teething. You can take 1 tablet every hour, but no more than 6 per day.
3. Vibrukol suppositories. Relieve pain on for a long time, candles can be placed every 8 hours.

Folk remedies

Natural folk remedies will help relieve pain:

• Soda. Dilute a teaspoon of soda in a glass of water and wipe the inflamed areas with a piece of bandage. This method will help calm sore gums and disinfect them.
• Honey known for excellent healing and anti-inflammatory effects. It is recommended to rub it into the gums before bedtime, so the baby will sleep better. It is important to note that honey is considered a strong allergen, so it must be used with caution.
• Chamomile. Chamomile flowers are known for their anti-inflammatory effects, and tea made from them can help relieve pain and help the body fight infections, as well as sleep soundly throughout the night. Compress with chamomile decoction can be applied to a painful gum to relieve discomfort.
• Valerian, motherwort. A small amount of tincture is rubbed into the gums 2 times a day to relieve irritability and relieve pain.
• Ice. An ordinary piece of ice, wrapped in a clean cloth, will help relieve inflammation. soft cloth. It is necessary to move along the gum slowly, but you should not linger in one place for a long time.

Helper Methods

Relieve itching gum massage will help. To do this, the mother needs to rub the gums with a clean finger using gentle circular movements.

Physical activity. Walking, daily bathing and massage will help your baby take his mind off pain and relax. You should not carry out the procedure if the baby has a fever.

Chilled food. This option is suitable for children over one year old. A cool apple or banana will help lift your mood and relieve swelling of your gums.

It is important to maintain a calm and pleasant environment as teeth grow, so that nothing irritates the baby.

You should not plan shopping or visiting trips during this period; it is better to walk in familiar places and spend the night at home. During this period it is recommended for mother maximum amount devote time to the child, postponing all household chores for a few days.

With the advent of a new member in the family, other relatives and parents themselves have new questions and tasks. Upon returning from the maternity hospital, the new mother is concerned about where her baby will sleep, what he will eat and whether everything is normal with the baby’s health. After receiving answers to these questions, a new problem arises: colic in a sterile intestine. With the disappearance of this symptom, another concern appears - the baby's teeth. It is about them that will be discussed further. You will find out the main symptoms of teething. You will also be able to get acquainted with in effective ways help. It is also worth mentioning the timing of teething in babies and what this or that deviation from the established time indicates.

Baby's teeth

Before finding out the established timing and symptoms of teething in babies, it is worth finding out some information about the formation of these bone formations. During pregnancy, the formation and development of all organs and systems of the child occurs. Teeth are no exception. Their rudiments appear already in the second month of pregnancy. During this period, the woman does not yet feel any movements and does not have a large tummy. However, her baby has already decided on the order of teething.

Around the middle of pregnancy, another important stage in the development of this system occurs. The fetus develops rudiments permanent teeth, which will appear only after 5-8 years. Most children are born without these formations. However, medicine knows of cases where teething in babies (with no symptoms) began already in the womb.

Baby teeth

Babies develop them long before mom or dad can spot the incisor. These formations are called milk due to the fact that they are mainly shown during breastfeeding (or artificial) feeding. It is worth noting that the symptoms of teething in babies are always different. They may be absent altogether or have a blurred clinical picture.

By the age of three, a child should have a full set of baby teeth. There are only 20 of them. Most often they appear in pairs and almost simultaneously. Doctors say that no more than one month should pass between the eruption of similar teeth. Otherwise, we may be talking about some violations.

Timing of teething

So, you already know how many baby teeth a child should have. Some babies can boast of their first incisor at the age of three months. While others acquire these formations only at the end of the first year of life. Everything is very individual. However, there are generally accepted dates for teething in babies. Let's look at them.

1. The first group of lower incisors appears between 6 and 9 months. However, sometimes mothers discover anterior medial formations already at 3-4 months of the child’s life.
2. The upper incisors go almost immediately after the lower ones. The period of eruption in this case ranges from 7 to 10 months. If the lower teeth come out at 8 months, then the appearance of the upper ones should be expected at about 9 months.
3. The second incisors (lateral) appear superiorly first. This happens approximately from 9 to 12 months of a child’s life.
4. Immediately after this, the lower pair of lateral incisors appears. The period is set at 10-12 months.
5. The next to make themselves known are the upper molars. They appear earlier than fangs. This is a feature of the normal development of the baby's jaw. This process occurs from 12 to 18 months of the baby’s life.
6. The lower pair of molars doesn't take long to appear either. They cut through almost immediately after the upper ones. However, the time range for this is from 13 to 19 months.
7. The time has come for the fangs to appear. The parents discover the top pair first. It erupts between 16 and 20 months.
8. Immediately after this, the lower symmetrical teeth make themselves felt. These canines appear at approximately 19-22 months.
9. The second to last pair are the second molars. They appear first on lower jaw and have a eruption period of 20 to 33 months.
10. The last teeth to emerge are the upper molars. This can happen between 24 and 36 months of the baby's life.

Can there be deviations from the established deadlines?

No parent can speed up or delay the process of teething in their child. The order in which these bone formations appear is determined in the womb. However, there may be pathologies in which there is a strong shift in eruption.

If you notice the early appearance of teeth (between the ages of one and three months), this may be the result of a variety of diseases endocrine system. In this case, it is worth getting examined as soon as possible. Perhaps the early appearance of teeth is an individual feature of your baby. However, it is worth making sure that the problem really does not exist.

If the baby has not developed teeth by the end of the first year of life, then you should also be a little concerned. It is worth noting that most new mothers begin to sound the alarm at the age of 7-10 months. However, this is absolutely unfounded. A clear indication for examination is the fact that at least one tooth is missing at the age of 12 months in a child. Most often, a delay in teething is associated with a lack of calcium and vitamin D, which in turn can also be a disease thyroid gland may have an inhibitory effect on teething in children.

Another deviation from the generally accepted timing of teething is their incorrect order. Often mothers take this fact as an individual characteristic of the body. In fact, this consequence arises as a result of a failure of intrauterine development. If future mom during the period of teeth formation, she suffered from any disease or led an incorrect lifestyle, then you should not be surprised at this phenomenon.

In some cases, teething in babies (symptoms will be described below) can occur simultaneously. In this case, for example, not two, but four or more incisors come at once. Of course, this fact somewhat shifts the generally accepted deadlines. However, this does not count pathological deviation from the norm.

Teething in babies: signs

Most often, the appearance of the first incisors and their subsequent neighbors is not asymptomatic. In most cases, signs appear several months before this exciting moment. Mom and dad look into the baby's mouth every day to find the first tooth. However, this may not happen for a long time.

Teething symptoms in babies often begin when colic ends. One unpleasant moment replaces another. In most cases, this is expressed by the child's anxiety, poor appetite and sleep, irritation and itching of the gums and so on. It is worth noting that the symptoms of teething in a child at one year of age are practically no different from those at three months of age. However, observant mothers may notice that with age the baby begins to show his anxiety a little differently. So, let's look at the most popular symptoms of teething in babies.

Restless behavior and unexplained crying

Symptoms of teething in a child (4 months and older) are almost always expressed as anxiety. The baby suddenly begins to cry and behave differently than he did a few minutes ago. Also, the pain from teething may not be sharp, but increasing. In this case, the baby may whine for a long time and behave irritably.

It is worth noting that this phenomenon can be a sign of any other disease, for example, fever or headache, accumulation of gases in the intestines or simple hunger. Before providing first aid to your child, you should make sure that these are teething symptoms. In addition to restless behavior and crying, babies may exhibit other signs.

Itching and irritation of gums

Symptoms of teething in children under one year of age are almost always accompanied by itching of the gums. The baby constantly wants to chew something. Everything that falls into the baby's hands ends up in his mouth. A child can taste toys, his own clothes, a pacifier chain, and so on.

Remember that nothing dirty should get into the baby's mouth. Otherwise, this is fraught with the development of infection or inflammation. Itchy gums can be relieved with modern drugs: ointments, gels, rectal suppositories and syrups. However, only a medical professional should prescribe medications.

Increased body temperature

Teething symptoms in babies may include a fever. However, any increase should not be attributed specifically to this sign. When teeth appear, the thermometer mark may be at 37.2-37.5 degrees. If your child has a fever and the thermometer shows 38-39, then you should be concerned and do not blame everything on teething.

Appears immediately when the gums are injured and subsides immediately after the formation appears. Such a symptom should not accompany the child for more than one week. With this thermometer value, antipyretic drugs can be used, but it is not recommended.

Increased salivation

Symptoms of the eruption of the upper teeth, as well as the lower ones, can be expressed in the form of excessive salivation. However, this is not always an accurate sign coming soon bone formation. Babies under one year old do not have the skill to swallow saliva. That is why the accumulated liquid flows out.

Also, excessive drooling can occur when the child is hungry. Most often, this symptom does not appear on its own. Must have associated symptoms teething in a child.

External sign

Every mother, having discovered suspicious signs, looks into the child’s mouth to assess the condition of the gums. If the mucous membranes are swollen and red, then these are obvious symptoms of teething in a child. You can see photos of irritated gums in the article.

In addition to redness and swelling, you can find a white or red stripe. In the first case we are talking about a tooth. If the strip on the gum is red or even purple, then the incisor is still trying to break through the mucous membrane.

Restless sleep

Teething symptoms in babies aged 5.5 months and later may manifest as sleep disturbances. It is worth remembering that this sign can also occur with neurological abnormalities. If your baby doesn’t sleep well from birth, often wakes up and cries, then you shouldn’t blame everything on teeth. Contact a neurologist or pediatrician to find out the cause of your concern.

If a previously calm baby suddenly begins to cry at night and asks for another portion of mother’s milk, then we can talk about the imminent appearance of a tooth. At the same time, after breastfeeding, babies do not so much eat as they simply chew the nipple. This helps them calm down and fall asleep, but it can be very unpleasant and painful for mom. Many babies refuse pacifiers at this point.

It is worth noting that most often a child’s teeth bother him at night. During the day, the baby behaves as usual and does not show any other signs. You can help your baby in this case with any children's painkillers. This includes Nurofen syrup and suppositories, Cefekon suppositories, Nise tablets, and so on. Many mothers use a variety of gels. However, their effect wears off quite quickly, and the use of the drug is often prohibited.

Decreased appetite

Teething symptoms in children (4 months and later) may include refusal to eat. It would seem that just yesterday your baby was happily eating the food offered, but today he is already refusing a spoon. If there are no additional signs of any disease, then this may well be a symptom of teething.

Often children refuse any complementary foods and constantly hang on their mother’s chest. It is worth noting that with natural feeding, it is much easier for a child to endure this condition. Do not deny your baby a portion of milk, and of course, you should not scold him because the baby does not want to eat.

Changing the stool

Teething symptoms in babies may include changes in performance gastrointestinal tract. Since babies at this moment prefer to consume liquid food (usually mother’s milk or formula), a slight dilution of the stool occurs. Remember not to confuse obvious diarrhea with this sign of teething. If a child starts vomiting and has a fever, then this is a clear symptom intestinal infection.

Liquefied stools during teething occur no more than three times a day. At the same time, the baby is not bothered by abdominal pain and fever.

Infection or disease

Symptoms of teething in a 7-month-old baby can be expressed in the form of an infection. This happens by next reason: at this age the baby is no longer limited to communicating with his mother. He can communicate with other children and go for long walks. During teething, the baby's immunity decreases. This is absolutely normal occurrence and does not require any intervention. However, upon contact with an infected person, the baby can get a virus or infection. Due to the lack of normal protective function the body becomes imminently infected.

It is worth noting that almost half of all children experience infection during teething. The situation is aggravated by the fact that the baby tries to taste everything. Often children become infected with stomatitis or other bacterial infections in this period.

How to correctly recognize the symptoms of teething in infants?

If you notice the above signs, but are not sure that these are really teeth, then visit a doctor. You can contact your pediatrician pediatric dentist or a neurologist. Describe the child's problem. To a medical worker One look at your baby's gums will be enough to tell whether teeth are cutting or not.

In some cases, such a consultation will be able to prevent various problems, since the indicated signs are not always exclusively a symptom of the imminent appearance of teeth.

If you have become parents for the first time, you will probably be able to easily recognize the symptoms of teething in your child. Remember, in order for the incisor to emerge from the gums, it needs to go a long way and make its way. The first signs of a child’s anxiety may appear as early as 2-3 months before teething. If a baby has two or three pairs at the same time, then all the above symptoms can be very pronounced. In this case, the baby does not feel local pain in the area of ​​one tooth, but unpleasant sensations spread throughout the jaw.

Is there any way to relieve the symptoms of teething?

If your child behaves very restlessly, then you should use some tips. All your actions should be aimed at alleviating the baby’s condition.

• Don't swear or shout. Be patient. It is much more difficult for the child now than for you.
• Use different medicines if necessary. Remember that many children's antipyretic drugs are also pain relievers. You should not get carried away with such treatment. Do not use the same product for more than five days.
• Massage your child's gums. Remember that your hands must be sterilely clean and your nails neatly cut. Now you can buy special finger brushes in pharmacy chains. They are made of high quality silicone and do not cause harmful effects on the structure of the mucous membrane.
• Give your baby a teether. This accessory can be purchased at any children's store. Remember that it must be thoroughly disinfected before use.
• Offer your child a bagel. If the baby is already feeding on complementary foods or adult food, then you can give him a bagel or a cracker. During the meal, he will be able to massage his itchy gums and feel relief.
• Wash your baby's hands regularly. To avoid infection and deterioration of the baby’s well-being, you should wash his palms as often as possible. A teething baby's fingers are in his mouth all the time.
• Wipe your face with a napkin. Due to excessive drooling on the chin and neck area, the baby may develop a rash. This is another sign of teething. This is all due to the fact that drool secreted irritates the delicate skin of the face. If you regularly wipe the area with a cleansing wipe, you can avoid this symptom.

Summing up and a short conclusion of the article

So, you now know the timing and signs of teeth appearing in babies. Remember that all children are different. You shouldn’t look up to the development of your neighbor’s baby or your friend’s child. In some cases, symptoms of teething in children (4 months and older) may be completely absent. This does not indicate any deviation. Quite the opposite. You should be glad that your baby does not experience discomfort from this process.

If complaints and signs of teeth appearing soon, you should gain strength and follow the above rules. If necessary, seek help from your pediatrician. Remember that teething is inevitable. All babies experience this process, most of whom experience discomfort. Easy teething for your child and good health!

Teeth formation occurs in the womb. The first rudiments of milk teeth appear at 7 weeks of pregnancy, and permanent ones at 17. Teeth begin to grow in infants at 6 months of age.
Teeth erupt in pairs. The baby reacts sharply to the ongoing process. He develops general malaise, which is considered quite normal for similar condition. Not knowing how to react to the changes occurring in the mouth, the baby begins to cry or scream. But does everything have to happen this way? What signs signal to parents that the first tooth is just around the corner?

First signs of teething

Parents must remember that all children are different. Each organism has its own individual characteristics. How can you tell if your baby's restlessness is causing teething? The first signs of teething appear less than a week before the start of the process. They end immediately after the incisor appears through the mucous membrane of the gums.

The baby may experience swelling or slight swelling of the gums at the site where the tooth appears. The child often becomes irritable. His appetite worsens or he completely refuses to eat. There is increased salivation. The baby begins to bite everything in order to relieve the itching in the gums.
Sometimes a rash appears on the chin, in the mouth, and on the chest. This is due to the intense secretion of saliva, which irritates delicate skin. Often, many mothers can observe sleep disturbances in children.

Exist additional signs appearance of the first incisors. They are less common, but they are worth paying attention to.

Look short video about the baby's first teeth

When can parents expect their first teeth?

Already at birth, a baby has 20 follicles of baby teeth and 16 rudiments of molars (permanent) inside the upper and lower jaws. The formation of the remaining 16 primordia occurs later. Statistics show that most often the first teeth appear at six months of age. Experts call this date optimal. But the appearance of baby teeth 6 months earlier or later than this date is not considered a deviation.

The sequence of appearance of incisors, canines and molars may also differ from child to child. Only unpaired appearance is considered a deviation.

Let's consider the average statistical standards presented in the table and in the photo.

There are no ways to speed up teething.

Why is there a delay?

Illnesses of a woman during pregnancy can lead to delays and lack of space for teething. Treatment in such cases is carried out purely individually for each child. A specialist examines the baby’s dental system and prescribes an analysis x-ray. Other factors can also have a negative impact:

1. neonatal sepsis
2. pneumonia and recurring acute respiratory infections
3. prematurity or postmaturity
4. artificial feeding
5. Rhesus conflict
6. convulsions
7. intestinal toxicosis

What else remains to be faced?

Teething can not only please parents, but also upset them. Pathologies during pregnancy or during childbirth can cause enamel hypoplasia in infants. The disease is the formation of horizontal grooves or stripes or spots. Pathology is determined visually. An example of it is shown in the photo below.

How to keep your first incisors healthy?

The enamel of baby teeth is porous and rough. It contains a small amount of microelements. Insufficient oral care for your baby will lead to the development of multiple caries. Not many people know what hygiene measures a baby needs to take.

Maintaining a child's smile requires regular dental check-ups. The baby's first visit to the doctor should take place at 12 months. During a routine examination, the doctor determines how the gums are formed, how the joint works, and what condition the frenulum of the tongue is in.

If it turns out that your teeth are healthy, then you need to visit a specialist once a year. If there are any problems, then a scheduled visit to the dentist should be carried out at least once every 6 months.

Should you brush your first teeth?

Brushing teeth for a baby is a useless procedure. It doesn't make any sense. For children of this age, oral hygiene means something else:

1. checking the oral cavity for food debris
2. not eating right before bed
3. presence of humid air in the room

A young mother should wipe her incisors with sterile gauze every day after evening feeding. And later, when the baby grows up, you need to teach him to rinse his mouth after every meal.

To strengthen and maintain the condition of baby teeth, you can introduce dairy products into complementary foods and take vitamin C. It is recommended to discuss this point with your pediatrician.

In those cities and countries where the cold, harsh climate is discussed physiological process starts later and lasts longer. This is due to a lack of vitamin D. For full development, such children are recommended to take vitamin D.

How can I help my child?

It is common for young mothers to worry about the life of their baby. Loud crying is like an alarm bell that requires you to find a way out of the situation. Special teethers will help make teething easier. They are designed to take into account the persistent desire of infants to put everything in their mouths. The teether is an elastic rubber toy. They come in a wide variety of forms.

If parents don’t know which teethers their child will like, they should pay attention to those with water. The toy is placed in the refrigerator, the water freezes. Chilled rings, fish, hippos or pretzels relieve discomfort, itching and pain. The teether can be seen in the photo.

Painkillers

To facilitate the teething process, many parents are ready to use painkillers. But not everyone thinks about the fact that for greater profitability, many pharmaceutical companies add dyes and flavors to children's medications. Such medications can be dangerous for infants. The baby's body is prone to allergies.

To avoid or minimize an allergic reaction, it is better to use pain-relieving gels. They relieve swelling and reduce painful sensations. The use of gels should be carried out after consultation with a doctor.

Cautions to be aware of

1. Do not press on the gums of infants. This increases the risk of infection entering the child’s body. An adult can also accidentally cause physical harm to a baby.
2. You should not give your baby objects from which a piece could break off. Even the smallest incisor can bite a carrot, apple or bagel. If it is not possible to purchase a teether and you have to use the old method, you should not leave the child alone
3. It is necessary to ensure the sterility of pacifiers and children's toys
4. If teething occurs during the period of the next vaccination, then vaccinations should be postponed until a more suitable period.
5. Increased salivation can lead to loss of large amounts of fluid. Therefore, it is so important to give the baby water or tea at the first signs of the appearance of baby incisors.

A child’s first tooth appears at the age of 4-7 months, and then the process of teething will continue until 5-6 years. It is often accompanied by excessive salivation, crying and sleep disturbances. After the first pair of teeth erupt, parents already know many ways to improve their baby’s well-being. To eliminate pain and swelling, you can use special dental gels and lightly massage the gums. A colored toy made of soft plastic will not only distract the child, but also speed up teething.

When teeth start to erupt

Pediatric dentists evaluate the process of teething in children based on timing, order of appearance, and quantity. Usually, paired teeth are cut on the right and left sides at once, several days apart. This order may be violated, which is quite physiological and should not cause concern for parents.

At birth, the baby has no teeth in the oral cavity. Deep in the jaws are only their rudiments - 20 temporary and 16 permanent.

They begin to form in the first trimester of pregnancy, and by the end of the second, enamel is formed. The degree of its mineralization is individual and depends on the nutrition of the expectant mother and the characteristics of the course of pregnancy. The formation of the remaining rudiments of permanent teeth will occur as the baby grows after birth.

Baby teeth

Baby teeth have porous and rough enamel with a small amount of microelements. The first one can appear in a child even at 4 months. But more often it erupts after six months, when the formation of the dental crown is completed and the root is fully developed. Parents can control the order and frequency of this process on their own so that, if necessary, they can contact the dentist without waiting for the next examination. At what months does baby teeth begin to erupt?

• lower central incisors - 6-7 months, upper - 8-9 months;
• upper lateral incisors - 9-11 months, lower - 11-13 months;
• upper molars - 12-18 months, lower - 13-19 months;
• fangs upper jaw- 16-20 months, lower - 17-22 months.

Usually cut first upper teeth, and after three to four weeks - the lower ones. Eruption is completed by the second lower upper molars, which appear around 24-30 months.

The primary bite is formed from 20 teeth. His characteristic feature- absence of premolars.

The timing of eruption may shift in one direction or another by about a couple of months. Baby tooth it will appear sooner or later, but if there is a serious delay, you should consult a doctor. If necessary, he will make adjustments to the baby’s diet or prescribe the intake of balanced complexes of vitamins and microelements.

Permanent teeth

The permanent tooth begins to cut immediately after the baby tooth falls out. If you look closely, in the vacated space, a bump or sharp edge of a new tooth is already clearly visible inside the hole. The first teeth cut in children are molars, which appear at the age of 5-6 years. It is from them that a permanent bite begins to form in the following order:

• a year later it is the turn of the lower and upper permanent central incisors;
• only at 10-12 years old canines, first and second premolars are cut;
• at 14 years of age the second molars appear;
• Wisdom teeth are cut by the age of 17-25, and sometimes they are not formed at all.

Parents should take note that permanent teeth the child has its own anatomical features.

Their cavity volume is larger and their strength is significantly less than that of adults. Therefore, under the influence of any exogenous factor (microbes, a lot of sweets in the diet), caries quickly develops or the internal tissues of the tooth become inflamed.

First symptoms

Even the parents of their first-born child can easily determine when their child’s teeth begin to cut. The first signs are moodiness, bad dream, refusal to eat. This means that something is bothering the baby, but due to his age, he cannot explain to mom and dad the reason for the anxiety. Experienced parents simply examine the baby’s oral cavity. A small whitish bump is clearly visible on the gum. When you gently tap on it, you can clearly hear ringing sound. Also, the eruption of any of the teeth is characterized by certain symptoms.

• Swelling, swelling, redness of the gum area. Slight hyperemia and an increase in local temperature occur due to accelerated blood circulation at the site of eruption.
• Blueness in the eruption area. This specific sign should not bother parents. blue tint gum disease occurs as a result of the formation of a small hematoma - an accumulation of blood released from damaged capillaries.
• Profuse salivation. The body's response to the appearance of something new in the oral cavity, while foreign object. In addition, the baby, in an attempt to relieve the unbearable itching, begins to scratch his gums with any objects within sight. At the same time, a lot of saliva is released, which he does not yet know how to swallow in a timely manner.
• Running nose. Usually occurs due to the proximity of the nasal passages, increased local temperature and swelling of the gum mucosa. If the discharge is clear and liquid, then there is no reason for alarm.
• Refusal to eat. The baby becomes picky about food, eats only his favorite foods and not large quantities. Loss of appetite is explained by a deterioration in general health or irritation of the mucous membrane when it comes into contact with breast milk, formula, fruit, vegetable or meat puree.

When cutting lower teeth, especially abundant salivation is observed. The child does not have time to swallow it, so it begins to flow down the chin. This causes irritation and redness of the skin. Small pink rashes form on it. To eliminate them, you need to wash your baby more often, and not wipe his chin with a napkin. Excessive salivation provokes a slight cough. In this way, the child tries to get rid of a large amount of liquid in the mouth.

Uncharacteristic signs

Many parents believe that the process of teething is always accompanied by an increase in temperature. This opinion is wrong. Only a small area of ​​the gum is affected by inflammation. It is slightly hot to the touch due to the strong blood flow. In young children, the general body temperature may rise to subfebrile levels - within 37.1-38.0°C. The reason is the imperfection of the immune response to the inflammatory process occurring in the body. Normally, children over two years of age do not have a fever. If this does happen, then parents need to show the child to the pediatrician. Perhaps teething symptoms are being disguised as clinical manifestations respiratory infections. The doctor will conduct an examination to determine the real reason hyperthermia.

The main symptoms of eruption are not specific and accompany many pathologies. Therefore, it is important to determine their cause. How to understand that teething occurs with complications:

• Diarrhea. In most cases, it signals an intestinal infection. Pathology develops as a result of the penetration of pathogenic bacteria into the child’s body from objects with which he scratches his gums.
• Nasal discharge is thick, green, and streaked with blood. This symptom is typical for prolonged rhinitis(runny nose) accompanying a respiratory infection.
• Attacks of nausea and (or) vomiting. Typical sign intestinal infection, often accompanied by high fever.

If a child becomes weak, lethargic, apathetic, then you need to carefully monitor his drinking regime. A lot of fluid is released with saliva. And with vomiting or diarrhea, water leaves the body in large quantities. Urgent need to apply for medical care, since a loss of just 10% of fluid is fatal for a child.

What not to do

A child's teeth erupt only when the time comes - the tooth root has developed and the dental crowns have formed. Accelerating this process is not only impractical, but also very dangerous.

You should not open (pierce or cut) the resulting swelling in an effort to help the baby. The consequences can be unpredictable. WITH a large share It is likely that microorganisms that constantly inhabit the oral cavity and belong to opportunistic microflora will penetrate into the wound. An increase in their activity will provoke severe inflammation of the entire jaw.

Even some doctors recommend using herbal rinses to relieve pain. Infusions of coltsfoot, chamomile, and marigold contain many substances with an analgesic effect. But a small child does not yet know how to rinse his mouth and will simply swallow the bitter solution. And most herbs are strictly prohibited for use in children under 12 years of age.

How to improve your child's well-being

The easiest way to alleviate the child’s condition is to rub special dental gels into the inflamed area of ​​the gum. They contain ingredients of plant origin and beneficial synthetic additives. The drugs have a pronounced analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effect, distracting the child from discomfort for several hours. But not all gels are used in pediatrics, so prior consultation with a doctor is necessary. Often, due to the not yet fully formed immunity, the baby may develop local allergic reaction. Therefore it is better to use more safe methods eliminating pain.

• Teether. Before giving the toy to your baby, you can cool it in water or on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. For infants up to one year old, you need to purchase small flat rings or figurines. For older children, large toys with small bumps on the surface are suitable.
• Breast-feeding. Babies should be put to the breast more often, albeit at the expense of complementary feeding. Breast milk contains many bioactive compounds with analgesic effects.
• Massage. You can improve your child’s well-being by lightly stroking the gums with a finger wrapped in a sterile napkin.

Proper care affects not only the health of permanent and baby teeth. The condition of the entire oral cavity, including the gum mucosa, improves. Doctors advise starting care at 6 months. Pharmacies sell special children's toothbrushes and toothpastes without dyes or preservatives. You can purchase a device that mom or dad puts on the finger. It is equipped with a soft rubber brush that carefully removes all dirt. With healthy gums, the eruption of the next tooth will become less painful.

Many young parents are worried about when their baby’s teeth will begin to grow and what surprises to expect from child's body V this period. To relieve unnecessary worries, read detailed information, what basic and additional indicators may appear in a baby in connection with such a natural process.

Symptoms of teething in children under one year old

Many mothers wait with some anxiety for the period when their child’s teeth begin to come out. Will their growth begin on time and is it necessary to do something if peers already have their first incisors, but your baby still doesn’t have them? These groundless fears are dispelled by Dr. Komarovsky: each baby undergoes this process individually, more early age or later, and medicine cannot in any way speed up the appearance of the first milk teeth. Parents just need to know what reactions the child’s body may experience during this period, and help the child endure them.

The main signs of teeth in a baby

A child's teeth are formed in the mother's womb, and begin to erupt from the gums mainly at the age of 4-7 months. First, in most cases, the incisors grow - lower and upper, then the large molars (chewing) teeth and canines also grow in pairs ( eye teeth). Parents should not worry too much if their little one’s first baby teeth erupt at a different age or order. Doctors note that the time of their appearance may differ by even six months. What are the main symptoms of teething in babies?

Swollen gums in a child during teething

Mothers often notice the first signs of teething in a baby. increased sensitivity gums The mucous membrane on the jaws looks swollen, and the child puts his fists or improvised objects into his mouth to chew. Such precursors can appear even a month before the tooth appears. When the gums swell due to the teeth underneath them coming out of the bone, this process makes the baby irritable and moody. A good helper During this period, there will be special teething toys for moms and dads: the baby will be able to chew them and get distracted.

Lack of sleep and appetite

One of the most difficult signs of teething in a baby is that the baby begins to eat poorly and sleep restlessly. This behavior is explained by the fact that swollen gums react painfully to food, so the child does not enjoy eating. The feeling of discomfort in the mouth and more saliva production than usual prevents the child from sleeping normally. These signs almost always bother the youngest children, but such symptoms of teething in children after one year are also very common.

Increased salivation

This process inevitably accompanies the appearance of baby teeth. Increased salivation is triggered because the body is trying to alleviate irritation of the gum mucosa. You need to know that constantly wet clothes near the neck and chest can cause irritation on the skin. When rashes appear on the face, the mother should think about whether she is promptly changing the baby’s undershirts, wet from saliva.

Additional symptoms of teething in babies

During the time when the baby is teething, parents should expect the most different reactions their body is susceptible to such a phenomenon. Often, young mothers during this period notice a general deterioration in the child’s well-being, and it is very important to distinguish between whether fever, cough, runny nose or diarrhea appeared due to the growth of teeth, or whether this is a manifestation of something else. inflammatory process. Find out what other signs of teething in a baby you should pay attention to.

Increased body temperature in children

Parents are very concerned about this sign of teething in their baby, such as the appearance of a fever. At the same time, they need to decide whether the heat the appearance and growth of these new organs or it appeared due to some kind of disease. So, a child develops a fever when he has a cold or viral herpetic stomatitis. To help the baby cope in time possible disease, parents should consult a pediatrician if in any doubt. A visit to the pediatrician cannot be postponed if the baby’s temperature has been above 38.5-39 degrees for the second day!

Runny nose during teething

Why is a child susceptible to this problem at this time? Nasal congestion and runny nose - frequent symptoms teething in infants due to communication of mucous membranes. When the gums become inflamed, this process also affects the lining of the nasal cavity. The glands perceive this change in state as a signal that it is necessary to fight the pathogen, and begin to secrete mucus.

When a runny nose appears, the child’s mother should be on guard and carefully observe whether the appearance of teeth is accompanied by an infection in the baby. During this period of life, infants begin to be introduced to complementary foods, and the consumption of breast milk decreases. Such changes in diet entail a decrease in the intake of maternal antibodies into the body, which directly affects the decrease in children's immunity and increased susceptibility to many infectious diseases.

Hematoma on the gum

This phenomenon, in the form of a lump filled with bloody fluid, which can even acquire a bluish tint, can greatly alarm parents. Doctors say that there is no need to panic when such a formation appears. Hematomas on the gums are ordinary symptoms of teething in a child, and not a sign of any inflammatory process. The mother still needs to show the child to the doctor and further observe whether this formation increases. Only in cases where such cones become very swollen can specialists make a puncture and release the collected liquid.

Parents need to be wary if there are noticeable areas of inflammation on the oral mucosa that are bright red or have small blisters with transparent but slightly cloudy contents. This is how the herpetic form of stomatitis often manifests itself; this disease is also accompanied by fever. If you suspect this infection, you should immediately contact a specialist to determine a treatment regimen.

Cough during teething in children

Possible reason the appearance of this symptom is as follows: when the baby’s salivation has significantly increased, the child cannot breathe freely, because he is being hampered excess liquid in the throat. A distinctive feature of this feature is that such moist cough worsens when the baby lies down. This symptom should not be observed for very long. If a child coughs for more than 2 days, this may no longer be a sign of teeth growth, but the presence of a cold or other infectious disease. In this case, consultation with a pediatrician is required.

Diarrhea and vomiting

Why do infants often experience such dental symptoms? Increased salivation is again to blame for this. The little one swallows a lot of saliva, which affects the digestion of food and intestinal motility. The diarrhea is watery, infrequent and lasts only a couple of days. Inexperienced parents need to know that when the baby has the urge to vomit and loose stool You should consult a doctor, because this can make itself felt viral infection. You need to pay special attention to these signs if the child has an elevated body temperature.

Video: Signs of teething in children under one year old