In this article you can read the instructions for use of the drug Omeprazole. Feedback from site visitors - consumers - is presented of this medicine, as well as the opinions of specialist doctors on the use of Omeprazole in their practice. We kindly ask you to actively add your reviews about the drug: whether the medicine helped or did not help get rid of the disease, what complications and side effects were observed, perhaps not stated by the manufacturer in the annotation. Omeprazole analogues in the presence of existing structural analogues. Use for the treatment of gastritis and peptic ulcer stomach and duodenum in adults, children, as well as during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Omeprazole- proton pump inhibitor. Reduces acid production - inhibits the activity of H+/K+ ATPase in the parietal cells of the stomach and thereby blocks final stage secretion of hydrochloric acid.

Reduces basal and stimulated secretion regardless of the nature of the stimulus. The antisecretory effect after taking 20 mg occurs within the first hour, maximum after 2 hours. Inhibition of 50% of maximum secretion lasts 24 hours.

A single dose per day provides rapid and effective suppression of daytime and nighttime gastric secretion, reaching its maximum after 4 days of treatment and disappearing by the end of 3-4 days after the end of administration. In patients with duodenal ulcer, taking 20 mg of omeprazole maintains intragastric pH = 3 for 17 hours.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption is high. Almost completely metabolized in the liver with the formation of 6 metabolites (hydroxyomeprazole, sulfide and sulfone derivatives and others), which are pharmacologically inactive. Excretion by the kidneys (70-80%) and bile (20-30%).

Indications

• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (including prevention of relapses);
• reflux esophagitis;
• hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, stress ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract, polyendocrine adenomatosis, systemic mastocytosis);
• NSAID gastropathy;
• eradication of Helicobacter pylori in infected patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers (as part of combination therapy).

Release forms

Enteric soluble capsules 10 mg, 20 mg and 40 mg.

Instructions for use and dosage regimen

Individual. When taken orally single dose is 20-40 mg. Daily dose - 20-80 mg; frequency of use - 1-2 times a day. Duration of treatment - 2-8 weeks.

Orally, with a small amount of water (the contents of the capsule must not be chewed).

Duodenal ulcer in the acute phase - 1 caps. (20 mg) per day for 2-4 weeks (in resistant cases - up to 2 capsules per day).

Gastric ulcer in the acute phase and erosive-ulcerative esophagitis - 1-2 caps. per day for 4-8 weeks.

Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract caused by taking NSAIDs - 1 caps. per day for 4-8 weeks.

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori - 1 caps. 2 times a day for 7 days in combination with antibacterial agents.

Anti-relapse treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers - 1 caps. per day.

Anti-relapse treatment of reflux esophagitis - 1 caps. per day for a long time (up to 6 months).

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - the dose is selected individually depending on the initial level of gastric secretion, usually starting from 60 mg/day. If necessary, the dose is increased to 80-120 mg/day, in which case it is divided into 2 doses.

Side effect

• nausea;
• diarrhea, constipation;
• stomach ache;
• flatulence;
• headache;
• dizziness;
• weakness;
• anemia, eosinopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia;
• hematuria, proteinuria;
• arthralgia;
• muscle weakness;
• myalgia;
• skin rash.

Contraindications

• chronic liver diseases (including a history);
• hypersensitivity to omeprazole.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding

Due to the lack of clinical experience, omeprazole is not recommended for use during pregnancy. If it is necessary to use it during lactation, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be decided.

special instructions

Before starting therapy, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of a malignant process (especially with a stomach ulcer), because Treatment with omeprazole may mask symptoms and delay correct diagnosis.

The use of omeprazole may distort the results laboratory research liver function and gastrin concentrations in blood plasma.

Use in pediatrics

Due to the lack of experience in clinical use, omeprazole is not recommended for use in children.

Drug interactions

At simultaneous use with atracurium besylate, the effects of atracurium besylate are prolonged.

When used simultaneously with bismuth, tripotassium dicitrate, an undesirable increase in the absorption of bismuth is possible.

When used simultaneously with digoxin, a slight increase in the concentration of omeprazole in the blood plasma is possible.

When used simultaneously with disulfiram, a case of impaired consciousness and catatonia has been described; with indinavir - a decrease in the concentration of indinavir in the blood plasma is possible; with ketoconazole - decreased absorption of ketoconazole.

With prolonged simultaneous use with clarithromycin, the concentrations of omeprazole and clarithromycin in the blood plasma increase.

Cases of decreased excretion of methotrexate from the body in patients receiving omeprazole have been described.

When used simultaneously with theophylline, a slight increase in the clearance of theophylline is possible.

It is believed that with the simultaneous use of omeprazole in high doses and phenytoin, an increase in the concentration of phenytoin in the blood plasma is possible.

Cases of increased concentrations of cyclosporine in blood plasma have been described when used simultaneously with cyclosporine.

When used simultaneously with erythromycin, a case of increased concentration of omeprazole in the blood plasma was described, while the effectiveness of omeprazole decreased.

Analogues of the drug Omeprazole

Structural analogues of the active substance:

• Vero-Omeprazole;
• Gastrozol;
• Demeprazole;
• Zhelkizol;
• Zerocide;
• Zolser;
• Chrismel;
• Losek;
• Losek MAPS;
• Omez;
• Omez Insta;
• Omezol;
• Omecaps;
• Omeprazole Sandoz;
• Omeprazole-AKOS;
• Omeprazole-Acri;
• Omeprazole-Richter;
• Omeprazole-FPO;
• Omeprus;
• Omephesis;
• Omizak;
• Omipix;
• Omitox;
• Orthanol;
• Ocid;
• Pepticum;
• Pleom-20;
• Promez;
• Romesek;
• Ulzol;
• Ulkozol;
• Ultop;
• Chelicid;
• Helol;
• Cisagast.

If there are no analogues of the drug for the active substance, you can follow the links below to the diseases for which the corresponding drug helps, and look at the available analogues for the therapeutic effect.

Self-medication can be harmful to your health.
You should consult your doctor and read the instructions before use.

Omeprazole: instructions for use

Compound

1 capsule contains: active ingredient - omeprazole in the form of omeprazole pellets 8.5% - 20 mg; excipients: mannitol, sucrose, calcium carbonate, lactose, disodium hydrogen orthophosphate, sodium lauryl sulfate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, methacrylic acid L30D, propylene glycol, cetyl alcohol, sodium hydroxide, polysorbate 80, povidone S-630, titanium dioxide (E 171). Capsule composition: titanium dioxide (E 171), methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate, gelatin.

Description

Hard gelatin capsules No. 0, cylindrical in shape with hemispherical ends, white.

Indications for use

Adults:

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (treatment and prevention of relapses);

Eradication therapy Helicobacterpylori in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers (as part of combination therapy);

Peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), stress ulcers (treatment and prevention in patients at risk of their occurrence);

Reflux esophagitis;

Gastroesophageal reflux (including symptomatic);

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.

Children over 1 year old and weighing at least 10 kg: treatment of reflux esophagitis; symptomatic treatment of heartburn and acid regurgitation in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Children over 4 years of age: duodenal ulcer caused by Helicobacter pylori (as part of complex therapy).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to omeprazole or any excipients, childhood up to 1 year (body weight less than 10 kg). Omeprazole should not be used concomitantly with nelfinavir.

Directions for use and doses

It is recommended to take the capsules in the morning, preferably before meals, swallowing them whole with half a glass of water, without chewing or crushing the capsule. For patients with swallowing problems or children, you can open the capsule and take the contents, after mixing it with a small amount of still water or a slightly acidic liquid (fruit juice, applesauce), and wash it down with a small amount of water. Mixing is carried out immediately before use or no more than 30 minutes before taking the drug.

Dosage in adults

Treatment of duodenal ulcer in the acute phase

Treatment of gastric ulcer in the acute phase

To prevent exacerbations of gastric and duodenal ulcers The recommended dose is 20 mg/day. If necessary, the dose is increased to 40 mg/day.

Elimination of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric ulcers

It is possible to use various treatment regimens with a choice of antibiotics under the supervision of a physician. When conducting “triple therapy”: omeprazole 20 mg together with antimicrobials take 2 times a day for one week. After the infection has been eliminated, further treatment should be carried out according to standard scheme treatment.

Treatment of NSAID-related gastric and duodenal ulcers

The recommended dose is 20 mg/day for 4 weeks (a repeated 4-week course is possible). To prevent NSAID-relatedstomach and duodenal ulcers in patients at risk(age over 60 years, history of gastric and duodenal ulcers, history of gastrointestinal bleeding) the recommended dose is 20 mg/day.

Treatment of reflux esophagitis

The recommended dose is 20 mg/day for 4 weeks (a repeated 4-week course is possible). In patients with severe forms, a dose of 40 mg/day is recommended, a course of treatment of 8 weeks. For long-term treatment of patients with healed reflux esophagitis(in the remission phase) 10 mg/day in the form of long courses of maintenance therapy. If necessary, the dose is increased to 20-40 mg.

For symptomatic treatment gastroesophageal reflux disease 10-20 mg/day. The course of treatment is 4 weeks.

Treatment of Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

The dosage regimen is selected individually. The recommended starting dose is 60 mg/day. The usual average dose is 20-120 mg/day. In cases where the daily dose exceeds 80 mg, it should be divided into two doses per day.

Dosage in children: Clinical experience with omeprazole in children is limited. Treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist.

In case of severe reflux esophagitis resistant to other types of therapy, children over 2 years of age weighing more than 20 kg are prescribed 20 mg/day for 4-8 weeks. Children aged 1 to 2 years are prescribed a dose of 10 mg/day. In this case, the contents of the capsule are poured into 50 ml drinking water, after mixing, measure out half of this volume of liquid and give it to the child to drink. The dose may be increased to 40 mg once daily if necessary.

For the treatment of duodenal ulcer For children and adolescents, the duration of treatment is 7 days, which can be increased to 14 days.

Children weighing 15-30 kg: omeprazole 10 mg together with antimicrobial drugs 2 times/day for one week. Children weighing 31-40 kg or more: omeprazole 20 mg 2 times a day for one week.

Special Populations: in patients with impaired renal function and patients over 65 years of age, no dosage adjustment is required. In patients with impaired liver function, the dose is no more than 10-20 mg/day.

Side effect

Most common adverse reactions(1-10% of patients) are headache, abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, vomiting. In rare cases, the following reversible side effects may occur.

- From the digestive organs: dry mouth, taste disturbance, stomatitis, temporary increase in the level of “liver” enzymes; with liver disease in the past - hepatitis (including with jaundice), impaired liver function.

- From the outside nervous system: dizziness, agitation, drowsiness, insomnia, paresthesia, depression, hallucinations; in patients with severe diseases, including liver - encephalopathy.

- From the musculoskeletal system: muscle weakness, myalgia, arthralgia.

- From the hematopoietic system: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia; in some cases - agranulocytosis, pancytopenia.

- From the skin: itching; rarely, in some cases - photosensitivity, erythema multiforme, alopecia.

- Allergic reactions: urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, interstitial nephritis and anaphylactic shock.

- Others: hypomagnesemia, visual impairment, peripheral edema, increased sweating, fever, gynecomastia; rarely - formation of gastric cysts during long-term treatment. With long-term use and/or high doses of Omeprazole capsules, there may be an increased risk of fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine.

Overdose

Has low toxicity. When used in doses of up to 13 capsules per day, omeprazole did not cause poisoning. Patients with severe liver failure may develop confusion, blurred vision, drowsiness, dry mouth, headache, nausea, tachycardia, arrhythmia. There is no specific antidote. Helpful measures include drug withdrawal, supportive and symptomatic therapy.

Interaction with other drugs

Can be used with antacids. Slows down the absorption of ampicillin, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and iron supplements. Slows down the elimination and enhances the effect of warfarin, diazepam, phenytoin.

Taking drugs that inhibit CYP2C19 and CYP3A4 (for example, clarithromycin and voriconazole) may increase the serum concentration of omeprazole, and taking inducers of these enzymes (for example, rifampicin and St. John's wort) may decrease it.

Strengthens the hematotoxic effect of chloramphenicol, thiamazole (Mercazolil), and lithium preparations. The combined use of omeprazole and clopidogrel leads to a decrease in the therapeutic effect of clopidogrel. Concomitant use omeprazole and digoxin may increase the effect of digoxin by 10%. Caution should be exercised when co-prescribing drugs, especially in elderly patients.

Plasma levels of nelfinavir and atazanavir are reduced when administered concomitantly with omeprazole. Simultaneous use omeprazole and nelfinavir are contraindicated (see section “Contraindications”). Significantly reduces the absorption of posaconazole and erlotinib; co-administration of these drugs with omeprazole should be avoided. When used simultaneously with omeprazole, the concentrations of saquinavir/ritonavir and tacrolimus in the blood plasma increase. Monitoring of tacrolimus serum concentrations and renal function (creatinine clearance) is necessary.

Features of application

Before starting the use of omeprazole, the presence of a malignant process should be excluded.

The drug contains lactose; therefore, patients with congenital galactose intolerance, lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not use this drug.

And stomach ulcers are rarely treated without a drug such as Omeprazole (with the active ingredient omeprazole). It is a proton pump inhibitor that helps reduce acidity gastric juice, relieve inflammation from the gastric mucosa and speed up recovery. Neutralization of gastric juice is necessary component treatment of gastritis.

Omeprazole is a drug for the treatment of stomach and duodenal ulcers.

Omeprazole is prescribed for stomach and duodenal ulcers, and duodenitis to neutralize the acidic environment.

Gastric juice contains hydrochloric acid, which must digest food, break it down, preparing it for the further digestion process.

The lump of food with gastric juice then enters the duodenum, where the digestion process continues with the help of enzymes contained in bile, hydrochloric acid is neutralized, and the food moves further through the intestines.

If the acidity of gastric juice increases, it begins to affect the stomach, irritating them, which leads to hyperacid gastritis. To relieve inflammation from the gastric mucosa, the acidity of gastric juice must be reduced.

In case of gastritis, when it enters the stomach, it affects the pH of gastric juice, neutralizes the effect of hydrochloric acid and creates favorable conditions for the healing of the stomach walls. The drug affects not only the contents of the stomach, but also the glands themselves, the cells of the gastric walls, blocking the production of acid.

This explains the effectiveness of the drug and its popularity among people suffering from ulcers and gastritis. At correct use and determining the optimal dosage, the drug has the following effects:

• Removes pain syndrome. Acid, irritating the walls of the stomach, causes painful sensations, hunger pains. Omeprazole does not have an analgesic effect, but relieves pain by eliminating the irritant.
• Normalizes stool. Increased acidity often causes various disruptions in the intestines: constipation,... Omeprazole relieves unpleasant symptoms.
• Eliminates nausea and sour belching. Gastritis is accompanied by unpleasant belching sour smell and nausea due to acid exposure. Omeprazole helps eliminate these symptoms, but for best effect treatment should be comprehensive and accompanied by a diet.
• Eliminates. Omeprazole, by reducing the acidity of gastric juice, prevents its release into the esophagus and relieves heartburn, which is a frequent companion of gastritis.

Dosage and rules for taking Omeprazole for gastritis

Omeprazole is taken once a day.

The dosage and duration of treatment with Omeprazole should be determined by a doctor depending on the type of disease (the drug is prescribed only for gastritis with increased acidity), the severity of the patient’s condition, his age and body characteristics.

The drug is available in the form of tablets, capsules or powder for dissolution. One capsule already contains optimal daily dose(20 mg of the drug), so it is enough to take a tablet or capsule before the first. Eat certain rules taking Omeprazole, which will allow you to take it with maximum benefit:

1. Tablets and capsules should be swallowed whole, not crushed, chewed or dissolved.
   A course of treatment acute form gastritis lasts no more than 2 weeks. It is not recommended to take the drug continuously without a doctor's prescription. The course of treatment can only be extended by a doctor if necessary.
2. Omeprazole can be combined with other drugs. If the cause of gastritis is the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, antibiotics are prescribed simultaneously with Omeprazole. The break between doses of drugs should be at least an hour. You cannot take all the pills at once, in one handful, they will not be effective enough.
3. It is enough to take omeprazole once a day, this dosage will be effective throughout the day (24 hours), increasing the dose on your own is not recommended. Your doctor may increase the dosage to 2 or 3 capsules per day only if indicated.
4. At correct intake of the drug, the maximum concentration of the drug in the cells is achieved 4-5 days after the start of administration. The drug continues to act after discontinuation for a week.

Omeprazole should not be taken uncontrolled, without a diagnosis and prescription from a doctor, as well as for prevention.

The drug has. You should also not abruptly interrupt the course of treatment with Omeprazole or take it occasionally. This will significantly reduce its effectiveness and lead to relapse of the disease.

Contraindications and side effects

Omeprazole should not be taken by pregnant women.

Side effects are rare when taking Omeprazole. In some cases, a feeling of dry mouth, increased thirst, headache, and fatigue occurs.

May appear as a rash skin itching, urticaria, edema. If such side effects are observed, the drug will have to be stopped.

There are practically no side effects if the dosage and doctor’s recommendations are followed. When unpleasant symptoms it is necessary to stop taking the drug or reduce the dosage, side effects will disappear quickly (within two weeks without additional treatment). Omeprazole, like any medicinal product, has its contraindications.

• Pregnancy and lactation. For pregnant women with chronic gastritis taking Omeprazole is relative contraindication. In rare cases, under the supervision of a doctor, the drug is allowed to be taken, but more often it is prescribed only and more safe drugs, for example, Almagagel.
• Individual intolerance. If individual intolerance to Omeprozole is observed, it is replaced with an analogue drug.
• Children's age up to 12 years. Children's age is considered a contraindication, but in rare cases, with severe esophagitis and peptic ulcer in a child, Omeprazole is prescribed to children over one year of age. The dosage is determined taking into account the child’s weight: 10-20 mg 1-2 times a day.
• Severe liver and kidney diseases. The drug is destroyed in the liver and excreted by the kidneys in the urine. At serious pathologies these organs make it difficult to remove Omeprazole from the body, which leads to various side effects and complications. If necessary, patients with renal and liver failure are prescribed Omerazole in a reduced dosage.
• Under no circumstances should you take the drug without examination and diagnosis by a doctor. Drinking Omeprazole for any pain in the abdomen is dangerous, since even when relief occurs it is lubricated. clinical picture. As a result, you may miss serious illness, such as a malignant tumor.

What can replace Omeprazole in the treatment of gastritis?

Orthanol - can be a replacement for the drug Omeprazole.

In case of individual intolerance to the drug, it can be replaced with an analogue recommended by the doctor. Omeprazole analogues also reduce the acidity of gastric juice and help relieve inflammation

Antiulcer drugs.

Composition of Omeprazole

Active ingredient: Omeprazole.

Manufacturers

ABVA RUS (Russia), Valenta Pharmaceuticals (Russia), Kanonpharma Production (Russia), Lekfarm SOOO (Belarus), Moskhimfarmpreparaty im. ON THE. Semashko (Russia), Obolensk Pharmaceutical Enterprise (Russia), Ozon LLC (Russia), Medicine Production (Russia), North Star (Russia), Synthesis AKO, Kurgan (Russia), Skopinsky Pharmaceutical Plant (Russia)

pharmachologic effect

It has an antiulcer effect.

Penetrates the parietal cells of the gastric mucosa, accumulates in them and is activated at an acidic pH value.

The active metabolite, sulfenamide, inhibits the H+ -K+ -ATPase of the secretory membrane of parietal cells ( proton pump), stops the release of hydrogen ions into the stomach cavity, and blocks the final stage of hydrochloric acid secretion.

Dose-dependently reduces the level of basal and stimulated secretion, the total volume of gastric secretion and the release of pepsin.

Effectively inhibits both night and daytime acid production.

After a single dose (20 mg), inhibition of gastric secretion occurs within the first hour and reaches a maximum after 2 hours.

The effect lasts for about 24 hours.

The ability of parietal cells to produce hydrochloric acid is restored within 3-5 days after the end of therapy.

Bactericidal effect on Helicobacter pylori.

Quickly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, bioavailability is no more than 65%.

The maximum concentration is reached after 3-4 hours.

Excreted mainly by the kidneys in the form of metabolites and through the intestines.

Side effects of Omeprazole

From the gastrointestinal tract:

• dry mouth,
• lack of appetite,
• nausea, nausea
• vomiting
• flatulence,
• stomach pain,
• diarrhea,
• zapo,
• in some cases - a change in taste sensitivity,
• stomatitis and candidiasis of the gastrointestinal tract,
• polyposis of the fundus of the stomach,
• atrophic gastri,
• increased activity of liver enzymes.

From the nervous system and sensory organs:

• headache,
• rarely - unwell,
• astheni,
• dizziness,
• sleep disorder,
• sleepy,
• paresthesia,
• in some cases - anxiety,
• excite,
• anxiety,
• depression,
• reversible mental disorders,
• hallucinations,
• visual impairment,
• incl. irreversible.

From the musculoskeletal system:

• in some cases - arthralgia,
• muscle weakness.

From the outside of cardio-vascular system and blood:

• in some cases - thrombocytopenia,
• leukopenia,
• neutropenia,
• eosinopeni,
• pancytopeni,
• leukocyte,
• anemia.

From the genitourinary system:

• rarely - hematuria,
• proteinuri,
• peripheral edema,
• urinary tract infection.

From the skin:

• in some cases - photosensitization,
• erythema multiforme,
• alopecia.

Allergic reactions:

• rarely - skin rash,
• hives,
• in some cases - bronchospasm,
• angioedema,
• interstitial nephritis,
• anaphylactic shock.

Others:

• in some cases - chest pain,
• gynecomastia.

Indications for use

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute phase, gastroesophageal reflux disease, incl. refractory to therapy with H2-antihistamines, reflux esophagitis, incl. erosive and ulcerative, pathological hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, polyendocrine adenomatosis, systemic mastocytosis, stress ulcer, including prevention), peptic ulcer of the gastrointestinal tract caused by Helicobacter pylori, NSAID gastroenteropathy, erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum in HIV-infected patients, non-ulcer dyspepsia.

Contraindications Omeprazole

Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, breastfeeding.

Directions for use and dosage

Orally, capsules are usually taken in the morning, capsules should not be chewed with a small amount of water (immediately before or during meals). For exacerbation of peptic ulcer, reflux esophagitis and NSAID gastropathy - 20 mg 1 time per day.

Patients with severe course For reflux esophagitis, the dose is increased to 40 mg once a day.

The course of treatment for duodenal ulcer is 2-3 weeks, if necessary - 4-5 weeks; for gastric ulcers and esophagitis - 4-8 weeks. Patients resistant to treatment with other antiulcer drugs are prescribed 40 mg/day.

The course of treatment for duodenal ulcer is 4 weeks, for gastric ulcer and reflux esophagitis - 8 weeks. For Zollinger-Ellison syndrome - 60 mg; if necessary, the dose is increased to 80-120 mg/day (in this case it is prescribed in 2-3 doses). To prevent relapses of peptic ulcer disease - 10 mg 1 time per day. To eradicate Helicobacter pylori, “triple” therapy is used (within 1 week:

• omeprazole 20 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg - 2 times a day;
• or omeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 250 mg, metronidazole 400 mg - 2 times a day;
• either omeprazole 40 mg once a day, amoxicillin 500 mg and metronidazole 400 mg - 3 times a day) or “double” therapy (for 2 weeks: omeprazole 20-40 mg and amoxicillin 750 mg - 2 times a day or omeprazole 40 mg - once a day and clarithromycin 500 mg - 3 times a day or amoxicillin 0.75-1.5 g - 2 times a day). Special dosage regimen.

At liver failure prescribed 10-20 mg; in case of impaired renal function and in elderly patients, no dosage adjustment is required.

Overdose

Symptoms:

• dry mouth,
• nausea, nausea
• blurred vision,
• headache,
• increased sweating,
• rush of blood to the face,
• tachycardia,
• sleepy,
• confusion.

Treatment:

• symptomatic;
• dialysis is ineffective.

Interaction

May reduce the absorption of ampicillin esters, iron salts, itraconazole and ketoconazole (omeprazole increases gastric pH). Being inhibitors of cytochrome P450, it can increase the concentration and reduce the excretion of diazepam, anticoagulants do not direct action, phenytoin (drugs that are metabolized in the liver via cytochrome CYP2C19), which in some cases may require reducing the doses of these drugs.

At the same time, long-term use of omeprazole at a dose of 20 mg 1 time per day in combination with caffeine, theophylline, piroxicam, diclofenac, naproxen, metoprolol, propranolol, ethanol, cyclosporine, lidocaine, quinidine and estradiol did not lead to a change in their plasma concentrations. Strengthens the inhibitory effect on the hematopoietic system.

LS. There was no interaction with concomitantly taken antacids.

special instructions

Restrictions on use.

Chronic liver diseases, as well as childhood (exception - Zollinger-Ellison syndrome).

Before starting treatment, the presence of malignant neoplasm in the gastrointestinal tract, especially with gastric ulcers (due to the possibility of smoothing symptoms and increasing the time before diagnosis).

Against the background of severe liver failure, treatment is possible only under close medical supervision.

The drug omeprazole is mainly used for diseases of the stomach and duodenum associated with increased production of hydrochloric acid. The active ingredient of the drug affects proton pump, responsible for the concentration of secreted gastric juice. As a result, the mucous membranes are protected upper section gastrointestinal tract from cell damage and burns. The prolonged effect of the drug is associated with a decrease in the activity of digestive enzymes and peptides, which, when high degree aggressiveness can provoke maceration ciliated epithelium. The consequence of this process is a decrease in the level of production of mucous secretion, which protects the lining of the stomach, esophagus and duodenum from the development of erosions and ulcers.

Instructions for use of omeprazole also indicate secondary pharmacological action, which manifests itself as a decrease in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphase in the cells of the mucous membranes. This increases the level of bicarbonates, which can neutralize excess hydrochloric acid. Taken together these therapeutic actions a favorable environment is formed for the restoration of damaged cells, scarring of eroded surfaces and the normal digestion process.

How it works

The practical use of omeprazole is possible not only for exacerbations of gastric ulcer, but also for the prevention of this disease in the presence of predisposing factors. In particular, omeprazole capsules show an excellent effect during short-term attacks of heartburn after taking provoking drugs. food products. Complete elimination of the attack is achieved within 10 to 20 minutes after taking the drug. At the same time, the prolonged effect prevents repeated discomfort burning sensation in the stomach area for 12–18 hours, depending on the degree of absorption of the components in the stomach cavity and small intestine.

The basal activity of the secretory cells of the ciliated epithelium is not impaired. Basically, the inhibition process affects only the cells that are responsible for the production of hydrochloric acid. The outflow of digestive enzymes from the pancreas does not stop, creating favorable conditions for the rapid digestion of the incoming food bolus.

When calculating daily therapeutic dosages, the doctor must take into account the fact that the active substance of the drug omeprazole is actively absorbed by all mucous cells throughout the stomach and small intestine. Therefore, unintentional overdoses due to inexperience are possible. The fact is that after using omeprazole according to the doctor’s instructions, an improvement in the patient’s condition with gastric ulcer may occur 72 hours after the start of treatment. With absence visible effect on the first and second days the dosage can be increased. This is not the right step, which leads to functional constipation and decreased peptic function of the digestive tract.

The drug omeprazole is excreted in the urine (about 60% in an altered form) and in the stool (no more than 15% in an unchanged form). Other components medicine metabolized in liver cells and transformed into various acids and salts.

Practical use

Omeprazole is mainly used as an antacid in complex treatment:

• stomach ulcer;
• duodenal ulcer;
• hypoacid gastritis;
• reflux esophagitis;
• gastroesophageal reflux disease;
• acute and chronic bulbitis;
• acute and chronic duodenitis;
• gastrinoma;
• some types of pancreatic tumors;
• diaphragmatic hiatal hernia.

Other indications for the use of omeprazole may include various states associated with increased production of hydrochloric acid and its release into the esophagus. It could be postoperative period, the period of convalescence after acute intestinal infections, preparation for surgical intervention on the cavity of the stomach and duodenum. The use of the drug omeprazole in long-term therapy of gastrinoma is especially important. This cystic tumor stimulates the production of highly concentrated hydrochloric acid. This environment is necessary for tumor cells to rapid growth and reproduction. Without appropriate measures, this can lead to the development of cancer in the short term.

Experienced doctors consider the indication for the use of omeprazole to be justified long-term use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. For example, such treatment is required for arthrosis, arthritis, polyarthritis deformans and spondylosis of the spinal column. Indomethacin, ortofen, ibuprofen and the simplest aspirin, which belong to the group of NSAIDs, can provoke the development of so-called “aspirin” ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.

How to take omeprazole for various diseases - dosages
Acute stage of peptic ulcer and peptic ulcer	60 mg in the evening daily with sufficient fluid for 2 months.
Maintenance therapy for peptic ulcer	20 mg in the morning for 2 weeks with breaks of 30 days.
Gastritis with high acidity and suppression of gastrinoma functioning	30 mg morning and evening daily until complete elimination negative symptoms(the minimum course of admission is 10 days).
Elimination of heartburn in gastroesophageal reflux disease	20 mg immediately after the development of an attack of heartburn (repeated dose only when further development symptoms).
Helicobacter pylori – confirmed infection	4 weeks daily intake 40 mg morning and evening.

The pharmacological industry produces omeprazole tablets and capsules with dosages of 0.1 g, 0.2 g, 0.4 g. 0.1 g active substance= 10 mg indicated in the table above.

Analogs

Among omeprazole analogues, there are direct substitutes that have a similar pharmacological mechanism of action. These are omez, ranitidine, gastrocepin, ranitek, orthanol, ulcer.

If there is a systemic intolerance to drugs of this group, then you need to consult a doctor for a replacement. For a short-term effect of suppressing the action of hydrochloric acid, you can use antacids direct action. These are Almagel, Sekta, Gastrofarm, Rennie, and other drugs.