Novocaine instructions for use intravenously. Novocain – Instructions for Use. Directions for use and dosage


It is impossible to imagine medicine without anesthesia. It is needed in surgery, traumatology, dentistry, etc. Perhaps the most famous anesthetic is Novocaine. Instructions for use this drug reveals the great potential of its anesthetic activity, while warning that the medication is not suitable for everyone. In people with allergies, it can cause anaphylactic shock.

Composition and release form

Novocaine is available only in the form of a solution for intravenous and intramuscular injections in ampoules of 2, 5, 10 or 20 mg. The main component of the drug is procaine hydrochloride.

pharmachologic effect

Produces a local anesthetic effect. It has moderate activity and therefore its breadth therapeutic action huge. The drug has a number of other properties that allow it to be one of the most effective anesthetics. For example, it is capable of inhibiting the production of impulses in nerve endings and stopping their conduction along nerve fibers. In addition, it can block voltage-gated sodium channels. Thus, painful sensations successfully suppressed. Among other positive qualities of the drug, it should be noted that Novocain reduces the excitability of the motor zones of the cerebral cortex and heart muscle, and it also relieves spasm of smooth muscles. The disadvantages of this drug include: which appear at significant doses, as well as short term anesthetic effect (about an hour).

Dosage

The question of dosage is clearly individual, but in order to have a picture of how it is prescribed, we will give an example with a 5-ml solution, which is used in a variety of cases. Let's start with infiltration (penetrating) anesthesia. During this procedure, 70 to 120 ml of the drug is usually administered. Smaller doses are provided for perirenal block (injection of an anesthetic into the perinephric space, also called lumbar) - 50-80 ml. For a circular blockade (it is used on the limbs above the lesion), 5-10 ml is injected. The same dosage is provided for paravertebral blockade (prescribed for severe pain in back). Novocaine is available to children from the age of 12, for them maximum dose per kilogram of weight is 15 mg.

Overdose

An overdose of Novocaine is extremely dangerous. Its symptoms are as follows: methemoglobinemia, dizziness, apnea, pallor, cold sticky sweat, rapid breathing, vomiting, decreased blood pressure (up to collapse), tachycardia. If one of the symptoms is detected, you must immediately notify your doctor. In this case, symptomatic and detoxification therapy is usually carried out in order to maintain pulmonary ventilation.

Indications

Indications for the use of Novocaine are the need for infiltration, perinephric, vagosympathetic cervical, paravertebral, and circular anesthesia.

Contraindications

The prohibitions on the use of this anesthetic are: high sensitivity to the components of the drug and age up to 12 years. However, experts note that it is not recommended to use it during surgical intervention in those patients who have been diagnosed with poor blood clotting. And also prescribe to people with kidney and liver diseases, heart failure, acute inflammations, over the age of 65 years, during pregnancy and during childbirth. If the drug is prescribed to a woman during breastfeeding, then for the duration of the medication’s effect it must be stopped.

special instructions

Novocaine is extremely a simple drug, since quite often patients experience dangerous reactions when using it. Therefore, before using it, it is necessary to conduct test tests for allergies and individual tolerance. In addition, during treatment with Novocakin it is necessary to monitor the functioning of the respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous systems.

Another important point– People taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors should stop taking them ten days before the anesthetic is administered. Patients who were treated with Novocaine should also take into account the fact that the drug affects the ability to drive a car. In other words, it should be remembered that the medication reduces a person’s attentiveness and concentration.

From the point of view of chemical reactions, Novocain can accumulate toxicity, especially if a highly concentrated solution is used.

Side effects

The action of anesthetics may be accompanied by adverse reactions. Novocain is no exception. Instructions for use indicate the fact that side effects may manifest themselves in the central nervous system ( headache, drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, etc.) and of cardio-vascular system(bradycardia, decreased or increased blood pressure, arrhythmia, chest pain). In addition, there may be allergic symptoms, which should be reported to your doctor immediately.

Analogs

The drug is sold in pharmacies strictly according to prescription. Its most common analogues include Novocaine bufus, Novocaine-Vial, Novocaine base, Procaine, Procaine hydrochloride, etc. Be healthy!

Instructions for use:

Novocaine is a local anesthetic.

Release form and composition

Dosage forms:

  • Solution for injection: slightly colored or colorless clear liquid(2%, 1%, 0.5%, 0.25%: 1, 2, 5 or 10 ml in ampoules, 10 pcs in a cardboard pack; 0.5%, 0.25%: in bottles for blood substitutes 100, 200 or 400 ml, in a cardboard box 1 piece, 100 ml (28 pieces in a cardboard box), 200 ml (24 pieces in a cardboard box or 28 pieces in a cardboard box), 400 ml ( 12 pcs. in a cardboard box or 15 pcs. in a cardboard box); in bottles of 200 or 400 ml, in a cardboard box 1 pc., in a cardboard box: 200 ml - 24 or 28 pcs., 400 ml - 12 or 15 pcs.; in containers of 100, 250 or 500 ml, in a polymer bag 1 pc., in a cardboard box: 100 ml - 50 or 75 pcs., 250 ml - 24 or 36 pcs., 500 ml - 12 or 18 pcs.; 0.5%: 5 or 10 ml in polymer ampoules, in a cardboard pack of 5 or 10 pcs.; in glass colorless ampoules of 2 or 5 ml, 10 pcs in a cardboard pack or box, or in contour blister packaging of 5 or 10 ampoules, in a cardboard box 1 or 2 packages (if necessary, complete with an ampoule knife or scarifier); 0.25%: 100 ml in glass bottles for blood, in a cardboard box 1 pc., or in corrugated cardboard boxes of 35 pcs.);
  • Solution for infusion (0.5%, 0.25%: 100, 200 or 400 ml in glass bottles for blood, 1 piece in a cardboard box, 28 pieces in a cardboard box: 200 ml, 400 ml - 15 pcs., in a corrugated cardboard box: 100 ml - 35 pcs.);
  • Rectal suppositories (5 pcs each in a blister pack, 2 packs in a cardboard box).

The active ingredient of Novocaine is procaine hydrochloride:

  • 1 ml solution for injection: 2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg or 20 mg;
  • 1 ml solution for infusion: 2.5 mg or 5 mg;
  • 1 suppository: 100 mg.

Auxiliary components:

  • Solution for injection: hydrochloric acid solution 1 M, water for injection;
  • Suppositories: solid fat.

Indications for use

Application of Novocaine in the form of solutions for injections and infusions:

  • Blockade: vagosympathetic, paranephric;
  • Anesthesia: conduction, infiltration, spinal, epidural;
  • Pain syndrome due to gastric and duodenal ulcers;
  • Nausea;
  • Haemorrhoids.

Rectal suppositories are used for anal fissures and hemorrhoids as an anesthetic.

Contraindications

  • Age up to 18 years;
  • Hypersensitivity to para-aminobenzoic acid and other ester anesthetics (local).

Caution should be exercised when using the drug in emergency operations with acute blood loss, in patients with renal failure, chronic heart failure, liver diseases and other pathologies accompanied by a decrease in hepatic blood flow, progression cardiovascular failure(usually against the background of the development of heart block, shock), proctitis, with pseudocholinesterase deficiency, in weakened patients, elderly people (over 65 years old), and seriously ill patients.

Use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is indicated only if the expected benefit to the mother exceeds potential harm for the fetus or child.

Directions for use and dosage

  • Solution for injection: administered intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), intradermally (IC) or taken orally. Recommended dosage: IV – 0.5% solution, 1-15 ml, mixed with isotonic solution sodium chloride; IM – 2% solution, 5 ml per day, 3 times a week, the course of treatment is 12 injections (no more than 4 courses per year); intravenously – 0.5% solution, the dose is prescribed individually, used for neurodermatitis, eczema, sciatica for paravertebral and circular blockade; orally – 0.25% or 0.5% solution, 30-50 ml 2-3 times a day;
  • Solution for infusion: administered intravenously, the dosage regimen is prescribed by the doctor based on clinical indications, individually;
  • Rectal suppositories: injected deep into anus after spontaneous bowel movement or cleansing enema. Recommended dosage: 1 suppository 1-2 times a day. The course of treatment is no more than 5 days. If there is no anesthetic effect, you should consult a doctor.

Side effects

  • Cardiovascular system: pain in chest, peripheral vasodilation, decrease or increase blood pressure(BP), bradycardia, arrhythmias, collapse;
  • Nervous system: drowsiness, headache, weakness, dizziness, tremor, restlessness, convulsions, loss of consciousness, trismus, auditory and visual disturbances, cauda equina syndrome (paresthesia, paralysis of the legs), nystagmus, paralysis of the respiratory muscles (more often with subarachnoid anesthesia), motor and sensory conductivity disorder;
  • Urinary system: involuntary urination;
  • Hematopoietic system: methemoglobinemia;
  • Digestive system: involuntary bowel movements, nausea, vomiting;
  • Allergic reactions: itchy skin, rash, urticaria (on mucous membranes and skin), anaphylactic reactions, anaphylactic shock, weakness, dizziness, decreased blood pressure.

In addition, the use of rectal suppositories can cause side effects:

  • Local reactions: during the first days of use - a transient urge to defecate and a feeling of discomfort (do not require discontinuation of the drug);
  • Rarely: with the use of high doses - itching and hyperemia in the anal area.

special instructions

Treatment should be accompanied by careful monitoring of the functions of the respiratory, cardiovascular and nervous systems.

The administration of local anesthetic can be done 10 days after stopping the use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Patients should take special care when administering vehicles and mechanisms.

Drug interactions

Novocaine enhances the inhibitory effect on nervous system other medications.

Concomitant use with warfarin, dalteparin sodium, ardeparin sodium, danaparoid sodium, heparin, enoxaparin sodium increases the risk of bleeding.

When combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (procarbazine, furazolidone, selegiline), the likelihood of a decrease in blood pressure increases.

Vasoconstrictors, including epinephrine, phenylephrine, methoxamine, help prolong the period of local anesthetic effect.

Since the effect of procaine (especially when used in high doses) reduces the antimyasthenic effect anticholinesterase drugs, correction of the dosage regimen is required in the treatment of myasthenia gravis.

The metabolism of Novocaine is reduced by cholinesterase inhibitors (cyclophosphamide, antimyasthenic drugs, demecaria bromide, thiotepa, ecothiopathy iodide).

Para-aminobenzoic acid (a metabolite of procaine) is an antagonist of sulfonamide drugs, therefore, when used simultaneously, their bactericidal effect is reduced.

Analogs

Analogues of Novocaine are: Novocaine Bufus, Novocaine-Vial, Procaine, Procaine hydrochloride.

Terms and conditions of storage

Keep away from children. Store in a place protected from light at a temperature:

  • Solution for injection (infusion) – not higher than 25 °C;
  • Suppositories – no higher than 5 °C.

Shelf life – 3 years.

Instructions for use of Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection
as a local anesthetic for animals
(Developer organization: Mosagrogen CJSC, Moscow region, Domodedovo)

I. General information
Trade name medicinal product: Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection (Novocaini 0.5%, 2% solutio pro injectionibus). International generic name: procaine.

Dosage form: solution for injection.
Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection as active substance per 100 ml contains, respectively, 0.5 g or 2.0 g of procaine hydrochloride, and as excipient water for injections up to 100 ml.
By appearance the drug is a clear, colorless liquid.

Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection is available packaged in 20 ml and 100 ml glass bottles of appropriate capacity, sealed with rubber stoppers reinforced with aluminum caps. 20 ml bottles are placed 40 pieces per carton boxes along with instructions for use.

Store the drug in the manufacturer's sealed packaging, dry, protected from direct sun rays place, separately from food and feed, at a temperature from 0°C to 25°C.
The shelf life of the medicinal product, subject to storage conditions, is 3 years from the date of production. It is prohibited to use Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection after the expiration date. Should be stored out of the reach of children.
Unused drug is disposed of in accordance with legal requirements.

II. Pharmacological properties
Novocaine belongs to the group of local anesthetic drugs.
Novocaine blocks sodium channels, displaces calcium from receptors located on inner surface membranes and thus prevents the generation of impulses at the endings of sensory nerves and the conduction of impulses along nerve fibers. Suppresses the conduction of not only pain, but also impulses of other modalities. At intravenous administration provides general action on the animal body, reduces the formation of acetylcholine and reduces the excitability of peripheral choline-reactive systems, has a blocking effect on autonomic ganglia, reduces spasms of smooth muscles, reduces the excitability of the heart muscle and the excitability of the motor areas of the cerebral cortex. In toxic doses it causes excitement, then paralysis of the central nervous system.
It is quickly hydrolyzed in the body, forming para-aminobenzoic acid and diethydaminoethanol, which are pharmacologically active substances.
After administration, the drug acts quickly and briefly.

In terms of the degree of impact on the body, Novocain 0.5% and 2% injection solution is classified as low-hazard substances (hazard class 4), novocaine powder is classified as highly hazardous substances (hazard class 2) according to GOST 12.1.007-76.

III. Application procedure
Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection is used, if necessary, previously diluted with sterile saline to the required concentration, for infiltration anesthesia in the form of a 0.25%-0.5% solution; for anesthesia according to the A.V. method Vishnevsky (tight creeping infiltration) - 0.125% -0.25%; for conductor and spinal anesthesia 1%-2%.
In ophthalmology, a 0.5% solution of novocaine is used for keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, and periodic inflammation of the eyes in horses (infraorbital blockade).
In obstetric and gynecological practice, novocaine solutions are prescribed for endometritis, metritis, prolapse of the uterus and vagina, retention of the placenta in cows and goats (perinephric blockade according to A.V. Vishnevsky), for serous-catarrhal mastitis (blockade of the udder nerves according to B.A. Bashkirov or D.D. Logvinov) in the form of a 0.25% -0.5% solution.
Novocaine 0.5% and 2% injection solution is also used as a solvent for medications.

There are no contraindications to the use of Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection, with the exception of individual hypersensitivity to procaine.

Solutions of novocaine are used subcutaneously and intramuscularly.

The concentration of the solution, dose, and method of application depend on the nature of the surgical intervention or the course of the disease, the type, weight, age of the animal and its condition.

When conducting local anesthesia The more concentrated the solution used, the higher the toxicity of novocaine. In this regard, with an increase in the concentration of the solution, the total dose is reduced or the standard solution of the drug is diluted to a lower concentration (0.125%-0.25%) with a sterile isotonic sodium chloride solution 0.9% or a solution Ringer-Locke. The indicated dilutions are prepared
immediately before use.

Maximum doses of novocaine in ml per animal:

Repeated administration of novocaine solutions is carried out according to indications, but not earlier than 24 hours after the first administration.

In case of an overdose, novocaine causes excitement, then paralysis of the central nervous system. In these cases, drugs are used that stimulate the functioning of the cardiovascular and respiratory system, infusion solutions.

The specific effects of the drug upon its first use and withdrawal have not been established.
The drug is usually used once.
At recommended doses it does not cause side effect and complications.

The use of Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection does not exclude the use of other medications. Prohibited simultaneous use with sulfonamides.

Products of animal origin obtained from animals after the use of Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection can be used without restrictions.

IV. Personal prevention measures
When working with Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection, you should follow general rules personal hygiene and safety precautions required when working with medications.
In case of accidental contact of the drug with the skin or mucous membranes of the eye, immediately rinse them with plenty of water. People with hypersensitivity to procaine should avoid direct contact with Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection. If allergic reactions or if the drug accidentally enters the human body, you should immediately contact medical institution(bring with you the instructions for use of the drug and the label).

Empty drug containers must not be used for household purposes; it must be disposed of with household waste.

Manufacturing organization JSC "Mosagrogen" Russian Federation, Moscow region, 142000, Domodedovo, Kutuzovsky pr., 10-77.
Production address: 117545, Moscow, 1st Dorozhny proezd, 1.

With the approval of this instruction, the instructions for the use of Novocaine 0.5% and 2% solution for injection, approved by Rosselkhoznadzor on April 24, 2009, become invalid.


Novocaine- a synthetic drug that belongs to the group of local anesthetics.
Novocaine has a local analgesic effect, after absorption into the blood - anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antihistamine, desensitizing and antitoxic effect, reduces spasms of smooth muscles, reduces the excitability of the heart muscle.
Novocaine differs from cocaine in having less toxicity (7-10 times) and less anesthetic power. The drug does not have a local vasoconstrictor effect.
Novocaine- beta-diethylaminoethyl ester of para-aminobenzoic acid hydrochloride is a colorless, odorless, crystalline powder, bitter taste, highly soluble in water and ethyl alcohol.
Clinical studies show that novocaine, when introduced into the body, also has a resorptive effect, mainly on the functions of the nervous system.
Novocaine is able to suppress many interoceptive reflexes (from the circulatory, respiratory, intestinal, Bladder) due to blockade of excitation transmission in the central links of the corresponding reflex arcs. Novocaine also has an inhibitory effect on reticular formation midbrain and has a ganglion-blocking effect.
In the body, novocaine undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis, breaking down into para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and diethylaminoethanol, so the duration of its resorptive effect is short.
Novocaine solutions can be sterilized without decomposition.

Indications for use

Novocaine used for local anesthesia, for infiltration anesthesia, novocaine vagosympathetic and perinephric blockade, anesthesia of Zakharyin-Ged zones, for pain relief during childbirth, for anesthesia in dental practice, for conduction and sacral anesthesia, for anesthesia using the method of tissue infiltration, for epidural and spinal anesthesia , to potentiate the action of the main narcotic drugs at general anesthesia.

Mode of application

For infiltration anesthesia, higher doses Novocaine at the beginning of the operation, no more than 500 ml of a 0.25% solution or 150 ml of a 0.5% solution, then for every hour up to 1000 ml of a 0.25% solution or 400 ml of a 0.5% solution for every hour. For conduction anesthesia, 1-2% solutions are used, for epidural (introduction of a local anesthetic into the epidural space of the spinal canal to anesthetize areas innervated spinal nerves) -20-25 ml of 2% solution, for spinal block - 2-3 ml of 5% solution, for perinephric block - 50-80 ml of 0.5% solution, for vagosympathetic block - 30-100 ml of 0.25% solution, as A local anesthetic and antispasmodic (relieving spasms) agent, the drug is used in suppositories of 0.1 g.

Side effects

Side effects from using the drug Novocaine may occur from the central and peripheral nervous system: headache, dizziness, drowsiness, weakness, trismus.
From the cardiovascular system: increased or decreased blood pressure, peripheral vasodilation, collapse, bradycardia, arrhythmias, chest pain.
From the hematopoietic organs: methemoglobinemia.
Allergic reactions: skin itching, skin rash, other anaphylactic reactions (including anaphylactic shock), urticaria (on the skin and mucous membranes). If, while using the drug, any of the side effects indicated in the instructions appear or they get worse, or you notice any other side effects not listed in the instructions, inform your doctor.

Contraindications

:
Contraindications to the use of the drug Novocaine are: increased sensitivity(including para-aminobenzoic acid and other local anesthetic esters). Children's age up to 12 years.
For anesthesia using the creeping infiltrate method - pronounced fibrotic changes in tissues.
Carefully. Emergency operations accompanied by acute blood loss; conditions accompanied by a decrease in hepatic blood flow (for example, chronic heart failure, liver disease); progression of cardiovascular failure (usually due to the development of heart block and shock); inflammatory diseases or infection of the injection site; pseudocholinesterase deficiency; renal failure; childhood from 12 to 18 years old, elderly age(over 65 years old); with caution in seriously ill and/or debilitated patients; during pregnancy and during childbirth.

Pregnancy

:
If necessary, prescribe the drug Novocaine During pregnancy, the expected benefit to the mother should be weighed against the potential risk to the fetus. With caution during childbirth. If it is necessary to use the drug during lactation, the issue of stopping breastfeeding should be decided.

Interaction with other drugs

Novocaine enhances the inhibitory effect on the central nervous system medicines for general anesthesia, sleeping pills, sedatives, narcotic analgesics and tranquilizers.
Anticoagulants (ardeparin sodium, dalteparin sodium, danaparoid sodium, enoxaparin sodium, heparin sodium, warfarin) increase the risk of bleeding. When treating the injection site with disinfectant solutions containing heavy metals, the risk of developing a local reaction in the form of pain and swelling increases. Use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (furazolidone, procarbazine, selegiline) increases the risk of developing a pronounced decrease in blood pressure. Strengthens and prolongs the effect of muscle relaxants. Vasoconstrictors (epinephrine, methoxamine, phenylephrine) prolong the local anesthetic effect. Procaine reduces the antimyasthenic effect of drugs, especially when used in high doses, which requires additional correction of the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Cholinesterase inhibitors (antimyasthenic drugs, cyclophosphamide, demecaria bromide, ecothiopathy iodide, thiotepa) reduce the metabolism of local anesthetic drugs. The metabolite of procaine (para-aminobenzoic acid) is an antagonist of sulfonamides.

Overdose

:
Symptoms of drug overdose Novocaine: pallor skin and mucous membranes, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, “cold” sweat, increased breathing, tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, up to collapse, apnea, methemoglobinemia. The effect on the central nervous system is manifested by a feeling of fear, hallucinations, convulsions, and motor agitation.
Treatment: maintaining adequate pulmonary ventilation, detoxification and symptomatic therapy.

Storage conditions

List B. Powder - in a well-closed dark container, ampoules and candles - in a cool place, protected from light.

Release form

Powder; 0.25% and 0.5% solutions in ampoules of 1; 2; 5; 10 and 20 ml and 1% and 2% solutions, 1; 2; 5 and 10 ml; 0.25% and 0.5% sterile solutions of novocaine in bottles of 200 and 400 ml; 5% and 10% ointment; suppositories containing 0.1 g of novocaine.

Compound

:
Procaine hydrochloride (novocaine) - 2.5 g or 5 g
Hydrochloric acid solution 0.1 M - to pH 3.8 - 4.5
Water for injections - up to 1 l

Additionally

:
Novocaine is part of the combination drugs menovazin, novocindol, syntomycin (1%) liniment with novocaine, solutan and efatin.

Main settings

Name: NOVOCAINE
ATX code: N01BA02 -
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