Vascular atherosclerosis symptoms and treatment. What is atherosclerosis: symptoms, causes and treatment of the disease

Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels occurs mainly in senile and advanced age. The basis of this type of disease is a violation of the metabolism of fats (lipids) in the body, resulting in damage to the walls of blood vessels by products of lipid metabolism. Read in this article all about how to treat atherosclerosis of the brain folk and traditional means, about the manifestations of the disease and the role of nutrition in its therapy.

Symptoms of atherosclerosis disease

Atherosclerosis is a disease of arterial vessels, on the walls of which cholesterol deposits form with growth connective tissue, after which vasoconstriction begins and blood circulation is disturbed, which can lead to blockage of the vessel.

The development of atherosclerosis of blood vessels lead to improper, excessively fatty diet and smoking. Stress and sedentary work also provoke atherosclerosis of blood vessels.

Symptoms of incipient atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels

Early manifestations of atherosclerosis include "atherosclerotic plaques" that narrow the lumen of blood vessels. AT initial stage atherosclerosis, the walls of blood vessels become dense, uneven, lose their elasticity. Patients experience the following manifestations of the disease:

decrease in mental performance,

irritability,

memory impairment,

insomnia

noise in the head

dizziness.

Symptoms of progressive vascular atherosclerosis for more than late stage diseases

Patients with atherosclerosis of the brain at a later stage of the disease have difficulty remembering and assimilating new knowledge, but memory for the past long time remains intact. Other important sign are changes in mood. It is usually low in patients. Patients are aware of their changes and treat them critically. The wavelike symptoms of vascular atherosclerosis and the course of the disease gradually become less pronounced - mental disorders acquire a permanent character, revealing a tendency to progressive development.

Mental activity in atherosclerosis becomes more and more rigid, one-sided, the range of interests narrows sharply and focuses on trifles. The nature of patients with atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels is changing - traits of stinginess, grouchiness, captiousness, impudence appear.

In severe cases, the course of the disease appears mental disorders and symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations. AT final stage dementia can be a symptom of atherosclerosis. Patients during this period need care and supervision. How to treat vascular atherosclerosis, if you still have it?

Diagnosis of vascular atherosclerosis

If, nevertheless, you find such a disease in yourself, naturally, first of all, consult a doctor. Since this disease is very insidious and it is not immediately possible to make a diagnosis, in this case a number of procedures are performed.

• To determine the diagnosis, a blood test is done to detect cholesterol levels.
• An ultrasound of the heart and abdomen is performed.
• After all this, a diagnosis is made and treatment is prescribed (or surgery, or not). drug treatment) vascular atherosclerosis.

Features of the treatment of vascular atherosclerosis

We told you how to determine the disease yourself. Now consider some ways to treat and prevent atherosclerosis.

At surgical intervention the walls of the vessels are expanded, as well as their partial cleaning.

As for non-drug treatment for vascular atherosclerosis, here it is necessary to note a few rules:

• Complete cessation of smoking and drinking alcohol.
• Assigned diet (type of diet - No. 10C).
• Creating mental and physical comfort.
• If there is an excess in weight, then its reduction is necessary.
• Completely eliminate foods that contain cholesterol.
• Also, with atherosclerosis of the vessels, alternative medicine methods are used. Recipes you can find on the internet. However, check with your doctor beforehand.

Do not start atherosclerosis - otherwise you may remain disabled for life.

Tips for the treatment of cerebral atherosclerosis

To treat the disease, doctors prescribe medications. But they should be selected only after consulting a doctor, you will have to forget about independence in this situation. Together with other drugs in the treatment of vascular atherosclerosis, vitamins of group B, vitamin C, iodine preparations, agents that improve cerebral circulation (Cinarizine and others) are prescribed. All this only after a visit to the doctor. But there are some things you can do on your own at home.

Try to make time for sports. Reduce the number of "sitting" near the computer and TV, it is better to take a walk fresh air.

Try to be less aggressive and get rid of your increased excitability. After all, it also affects the blockage of blood vessels. The more stable your pressure is, the less likely it is that you will be overtaken by atherosclerosis of the vessels.

Also try to pay maximum attention to rest, it is very useful for you.

If you are overexcited, drink a sedative, it will reduce pressure and will gradually not only prevent the development of atherosclerosis of the vessels, but will also help in its disappearance. Do not use it in large quantities, it becomes addictive.

It is advisable to take baths with herbs, which will relieve both fatigue and irritation, thereby normalizing your sleep.

How to treat atherosclerosis of the vessels folk remedies?

With the help of nature's recipes, you can both prevent the consequences and alleviate the condition with this chronic pathology.

A decoction of parsley will cleanse the vessels and reduce pressure in atherosclerosis of the vessels. It should be drunk instead of tea several times a day.

Thyme is able to relieve spasm of cerebral vessels. It is brewed with the expectation of a teaspoon of flowers 200 grams of boiling water. Infuse the decoction should not less than an hour in a sealed container. Take a folk remedy no more than three times a week, 50 grams at a time.

Sophora perfectly treats atherosclerosis of blood vessels, cleanses blood vessels and blood. Approximately 50 grams of the fruits of this tree are infused in half a liter of vodka. Take a teaspoon three times a day. Sophora can also be brewed with boiling water in the ratio of a tablespoon of fruits or flowers per 200 grams of water. The decoction is drunk in a tablespoon twice a day.

For the prevention and treatment of vascular atherosclerosis, the following recipe is used: about 5 grams of hawthorn flowers are poured with 200 milliliters of boiling water and heated in a water bath under a lid for 15 minutes. The broth is filtered and drunk 100 grams before each meal.

Atherosclerosis of the vessels is treated effectively with the help of birch. 10 grams of crushed birch buds are infused in 200 grams of boiling water and taken in a tablespoon in the morning, afternoon and evening.

Coltsfoot and dandelion will also help treat atherosclerosis of the vessels. These plants are brewed in the same proportions: a tablespoon per glass of boiling water. Take a folk remedy for a soup spoon three times a day.

Melissa lovely sedative for the treatment of atherosclerosis. She takes off nervous tension and improves well-being. Her decoction is advised to drink instead of tea several times a day. To do this, a tablespoon of grass should be brewed in 200 grams of boiling water. You can add sugar or honey to taste.

Treatment with celandine perfectly cleanses the vessels. A tablespoon of dry chopped celandine is infused in 200 grams of boiling water, insisted for at least an hour and, after filtering, drink 50 grams three times a day. It is better to take a 14-day break after 7 days of treatment.

Collection of herbs for the treatment of vascular atherosclerosis: sea kale, lingonberry leaves, motherwort, string, chamomile, corn stigmas, buckthorn bark, 10 grams of each ingredient, as well as hawthorn and chokeberry fruits, mix 15 grams each. We brew a couple of tablespoons of this folk remedy with 400 milliliters of boiling water and insist for at least 30 minutes. We filter and drink 50 grams in the morning, afternoon and evening.

A decoction of horseradish heals blood vessels well. To prepare it, we take about a quarter kilogram of the root and three of it on a coarse grater. Pour boiling water (three liters) and cook for about 15-20 minutes. The decoction is filtered, and takes 100 grams three times a day.

We fill two-thirds of a half-liter glass bottle with crushed fruits of the bush and fill it with vodka. We insist for 14 days. Use the medicine should be 20 drops on sugar.

Hawthorn is an excellent remedy for cardiovascular disease. For the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis, the following folk recipe: about 5 grams of hawthorn flowers are poured with 200 milliliters of boiling water and heated in a water bath with the dishes closed for 15 minutes. The broth is filtered and drunk 100 grams before each meal.

In case of atherosclerosis, air-dry the bark of red mountain ash, taken from a tree in early spring, chop; Put 5 tablespoons of the bark in an enamel bowl, pour 0.5 liters of water, bring to a boil and keep covered over low heat for 2 hours. Then strain and drink 30 ml 3 times a day 20 minutes before meals. Keep the broth in the refrigerator for no more than two days, warming up before taking. The course of treatment is 1.5–2 months.

For atherosclerosis, drink 1/2 cup juice from fresh leaves white cabbage 15 minutes before meals.

For atherosclerosis, fill a half-liter jar with dried heads pink clover, pour them with 0.5 liters of vodka and leave for 2 weeks in a dark place. Drink 1 tablespoon before bed. The course of treatment is 3 months, a break of 2 weeks, then again a three-month course.

Proper nutrition will help with atherosclerosis of blood vessels

One of the main recommendations for this diagnosis is diet. An excess of cholesterol in the blood leads to atherosclerosis, so watch what you eat and try to lose overweight. If you continue to consume a large amount of cholesterol, it begins to form and accelerate the process of atherosclerotic plaques and blood clots in the vessels.

To successfully treat atherosclerosis, remove foods that harm you: fatty meats and dairy products with a high fat content.

From your diet, you should completely exclude fatty, fried, smoked and sweet food, as well as foods that contain a lot of fat and cholesterol (eggs, lard, fatty meat, butter, etc.). The list goes on, but with these few examples of foods, you know what to cut out of your diet.

Useful products in the treatment of atherosclerosis

In your menu, be sure to add foods that are rich in iodine and vitamins.

The patient should eat more vegetables, fruits and cereals.

Tibetan doctors advise patients with symptoms of vascular atherosclerosis to include foods such as oats in the diet, making porridge out of it or you can make a decoction, then make syrup, puree or hawthorn decoction, eat low-fat cottage cheese, at least 150-200 gr. in a day.

Help treat atherosclerosis walnuts, dried apricots, raisins, garlic and lemons. All these healthy foods traditional medicine must be included in your diet.

It is also useful to eat red currants, garlic, mountain ash, cranberries, blackberries, apples, raisins, pomegranates, sea kale. These foods increase the level of hemoglobin in the blood and improve blood flow.

Atherosclerosis of the vessels is a disease characterized by the deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels. Men 50-60 years old and women over 60 years old are most often affected by this disease. Among the most common diseases are atherosclerosis of the vessels of the neck, kidneys, brain, heart and

As you know, cholesterol is a substance that is part of many fats, so its presence in the human body is simply necessary. But this applies to cases where the norm is not exceeded. After all, if there is an increase in cholesterol in the blood, then this entails its gradual deposition on the walls of blood vessels. This mainly happens with the consumption of food that is rich in them, with the occurrence of neuropsychiatric disorders or with a decrease in the function of sexual and thyroid gland. Over time, connective tissue forms around these plaques and a gradual deposition of lime begins. At this point, a disease such as atherosclerosis of the vessels occurs.

Sometimes there is a destruction of atherosclerotic plaques, on the coating of which a small defect appears. As a result, platelets begin to adhere to it, which form blood clots. When part or all of the thrombus is torn off, the lumen of the vessels is clogged, leading to the cessation of blood flow, and then, sometimes, to death.

Symptoms:

• arterial hypertension;
• pain in the muscles of the legs;
• angina attacks;
• heart failure;
• neurological disorders (for example, stroke);
• kidney failure;
• myocardial infarction.

The reasons

Currently, vascular atherosclerosis does not have a pronounced cause of its occurrence. Although it has been proven that lifestyle plays a huge role in the development of the disease.

The main factors provoking atherosclerosis of the vessels include:

• smoking;
• alcohol consumption;
• passive lifestyle;
• malnutrition;
• emotional depression;
• overload;
• stress.

Diagnostics

For an accurate diagnosis, use following methods research:

Treatment

Must be complex. First of all, you should pay attention to your diet, especially for people prone to obesity. Fats of animal origin, sweets and smoked meats should be limited, which, by the way, are recommended to be completely excluded. But fruits should be consumed in unlimited quantities.

Atherosclerosis of the heart vessels is a chronic species diseases and significantly impairs its performance. It is impossible to completely get rid of an already developed disease, and plaques are often carried by the bloodstream throughout the body, creating a serious risk of ischemia of various organs.

Deposits on the vessels reduce their elasticity, and if they increase in size, this significantly reduces the rate of blood flow and at the same time increases arterial pressure(HELL). It can be called the main reason for the development of and.

Features of the disease

It is noted that the disease ceases to be completely a disease of people aged, and initial deposits in the vessels are possible even in childhood. Sometimes pathology even becomes the reason why a person loses his ability to work. In such cases, the person will have a disability group for atherosclerosis. coronary vessels. Disability also occurs as a result of the development of a number of complications, including heart attacks.

Atherosclerosis, according to ICD-10, has the code I70.

Cholesterol is not carried around the body in a free form, but it is enclosed in lipoproteins. Normal content good cholesterol is beneficial to health, however, as soon as the intake of this substance in large volumes from poor quality junk food he starts to pose a threat. Since the organs are not able to quickly cope with its excess, its deposition on the walls of blood vessels begins.

In more detail about the features of such an ailment as atherosclerosis of the vessels, the following video will tell:

stages

There are several stages in the development of atherosclerosis:

• 1 stage. There is a gradual decrease in the rate of blood flow, microcracks form on the walls, which generally creates favorable conditions for the onset of fat deposition in these areas. The vessels of the heart are most susceptible to this. Further, the wall splits more strongly, and the enzymes produced are not able to cope with deposits. As the defense mechanisms weaken, the fat spot grows. The time cycle of its formation and transition to another stage varies.
• 2 stage – liposclerosis. The growth of adipose tissue continues on the new connective tissue. At this stage of development, atherosclerotic plaques lend themselves well to dissolution. The main danger in liposclerosis is not only the high probability, but also the possibility of rupture and subsequent blockage of the arteries.
• atherocalcinosis is the last stage of the disease. At this stage, the plaque begins to thicken, there is a gradual deposition of calcium in it. The lumen narrows, and the thrombus continues to grow, deforming the vessel. As never before, the risk of occlusion (i.e., overlap) by parts of a ruptured plaque is greater, followed by the appearance of necrosis, and sometimes gangrene in the area where this happened.

WHO classification

There is also a classification of the disease carried out by WHO.

• Atherosclerosis is subdivided according to localization, as well as according to the method of occurrence.
• The origin of the pathology can be:
  • hemodynamic (as a result of hypertension or vascular disorders),
  • metabolic (as a result of heredity, acquired problems with metabolism and endocrine disorders), as well as
  • mixed.

Causes of atherosclerosis of the heart vessels

Many causes of atherosclerosis, at least partially, can be eliminated. So, its development can begin even in childhood, depending on how many predisposing factors a person will have. These are:

1. Diabetes and obesity. The presence of these factors increases the likelihood of pathology several times.
2. Dyslipidemia. This disease is a violation in the body of lipid metabolism.
3. Intoxication and infection. Under the influence of these problems, significant destruction of the walls of blood vessels occurs.
4. Physical inactivity.
5. Poor nutrition, which is rich in an abundance of animal fats.
6. Bad heredity. It has a special effect on the development of the disease up to the age of 50 years. At an older age genetic predisposition no longer plays a role.
7. Floor. Men are most susceptible to pathology.
8. Age. The risk category includes people over 40 years of age.

With competent and timely prevention, the appearance of atherosclerosis can be prevented.

Symptoms

Clinical manifestations always depend on what type of atherosclerosis develops and what groups of vessels it affects. For sclerosis of the vessels of the heart is characterized by the presence of very a wide range clinical manifestations from the cardiac system. The skin tone becomes pale, the limbs become cold, there are pressure surges. There are also often pain different strength.

After the deterioration of blood flow, there is also a decrease in attentiveness and efficiency, and nervousness occurs. Special attention to the above clinical picture people with serious pathologies (renal or liver failure, diabetes, etc.) should be treated, since early diagnosis is especially important for them.

About the diagnosis of atherosclerosis of the aorta of the coronary vessels, read below.

The video below will tell you more about the symptoms of atherosclerosis of the vessels, as well as the reasons for its appearance:

Diagnostics

The initial diagnosis is made at the appointment with a cardiologist after examination and history taking. After passing laboratory research often found enough high level cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins.

• In the future, aortography is performed, for which X-ray method. Examination reveals the extent of lesions and the presence of obliterations, calcification, its expansion.
• Angiography is also used for research, in which the pathological areas of the aorta are highlighted with a contrast agent specially introduced for this purpose.
• For coronary arteries using coronary angiography.
• Also, for all forms of the disease, ultrasound diagnostics, which helps to identify the presence of plaques and blood clots, worsening of the main blood flow, and a decrease in the lumen of the vessels.
• The blood flow velocity is also examined by the method of rheovasography lower extremities.

About how to get rid of atherosclerosis of the vessels of the heart, we will tell further.

Treatment

Therapeutic

In the initial stages of the disease, lifestyle changes are one of the most better ways treatment. Even in severe forms, a mandatory diet is indicated. Limiting the use of certain foods and changing the diet plan contributes a lot to recovery. Along with this, it is important to connect and regular physical activity.

About drugs for atherosclerosis of the heart vessels, read on.

Medical

Drug therapy is used in most cases, as they do an excellent job with pathological disorders:

• Nicotinic acid, as well as a group of drugs derived from it. They increase the amount of lipoproteins in the blood with high density which have anti-atherogenic properties. It suppresses triglycerides and cholesterol. Drugs in this category are contraindicated for those who have liver disease.
• A group of statin drugs also suppresses large amounts of cholesterol. You should drink funds at night, because it is during this period that their most active development occurs.
• Bile acid sequestrants - remove them from the body, which helps to reduce the amount of fat in the cells.
• Fibrates are also involved in the suppression of the synthesis of their own fats.
• Beta blockers. Contribute to the elimination of many symptoms associated with chest discomfort. It also lowers blood pressure, which helps reduce the likelihood of seizures.
• Diuretics are also important in lowering blood pressure.
• Calcium channel blockers.

Many medicines can cause problems with the functioning of the gallbladder and liver, so it is forbidden to take them on your own. In addition, therapy often includes other important drugs, which are needed to reduce the risk of concomitant diseases (for example, diabetes).

About operations as a method of treating atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels of the heart, read on.

Operation

Surgical intervention is necessary only for those cases when atherosclerosis is life-threatening, when the risk of clogging of the artery by a thrombus is very high. The operation can be an intervention of the following types:

1. Thrombolytic therapy. Promotes the dissolution of the resulting clot, which helps restore blood flow.
2. Angioplasty. Catheters are inserted into the region of the beginning and end of the narrowing of the lumen. One of them has a balloon, which is inflated, thereby expanding the clearance. If necessary, a special stent is left in this area to maintain the required diameter.
3. Shunting. Through other vessels (sometimes special tubes), a new blood flow is made that bypasses the affected area.
4. Endarterectomy is surgical method cleansing from the internal parts of the vessels of deposits.

About the treatment of atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels of the heart with folk remedies, read on.

Folk methods

Folk methods of treatment, in particular, herbal medicine, use as independent technique it is forbidden. Of course, in the initial stages, when serious medical intervention is not required, it can help, coupled with diet and exercise but only a doctor can say for sure.

A course of herbal medicine should include several different medicinal herbs, since each of them often has a different effect on atherosclerosis. Complex fees in this case are more preferable. For the initial stage of pathology, the following recipes are best suited:

1. Chop the roots of elecampane and 1 tsp. boil means in water. Dilute the resulting mixture to 300 ml, add oregano, blackberry (leaf) and shepherd's purse, heat up. Take in equal portions 4 times a day.
2. In equal parts, they take strawberries (roots, stems, leaves), lemon balm, dandelion, nettle, put in a bowl, after which the mixture is poured hot water(1.5 cups). An hour later, take the first dose. Consume the entire mixture throughout the day.
3. Hawthorn and immortelle (flowers) take 4 tbsp. l., add to them 2 tbsp. l. lingonberry leaves and wild raspberries. The resulting collection is well stirred and 1 tsp is taken to brew tea. mixture per cup. An hour later, the infusion is divided into parts and 4 times a day, take 1/4 cup.
4. Rose hips and strawberries are mixed with chopped oat straw and peppermint. Each of the ingredients is taken in equal measure by weight. For 400 ml you will need to take 1 tbsp. l. Drink per day, not less than 100 ml at a time.
5. Dill stems are mixed with burdock roots, medicinal initial letter, horsetail. About 1 tsp is brewed in a glass. mixtures.
6. Clover and calendula are taken in equal parts, rowan fruits and corn leaves are mixed with them. The collection is brewed in the same way as described above.

As a preventive measure, it is also useful to make teas from lemon balm, mountain ash, horsetail, rosehip, chicory and dandelion. Medicinal herbs can be mixed or used as a drink with a monotonous taste (i.e. brew only one variety). It is not forbidden to add honey for taste.

About nutrition and diet for atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels of the heart, read on.

Diet and Nutrition

Nutrition modification is one of the best practices prevention of atherosclerosis. Its basis is the exclusion of "bad" cholesterol, the normalization of the condition of the arteries and the reduction of the risk of disease. You will have to cut calories, especially this rule applies to obese patients. There are 2 different diets, which are called Stage I and Stage II diets.

I stage

Stage I is very sparing. An exception for atherosclerosis of the heart vessels are products with animal fats. For example:

• egg yolks,
• melted cheese,
• fat meat,
• salo,
• brain,
• offal,
• sour cream,
• oil,
• fatty dairy products.

For the 1st stage of the diet, it is desirable to include in the diet a large number vegetables, grains and fruits. Preference is given to lean meat or fish. Replace animal protein products are capable of vegetable - lentils, chickpeas, beans.

II stage

Level II is much tougher. If concessions are allowed for type 1 nutrition, then for diet 2 all the products described above are strictly prohibited. This diet is necessary for people with a high risk of or already existing atherosclerosis.

Prevention

Preventive measures are very effective and in many cases it is possible to avoid the appearance of pathological changes.

• To do this, you will need to exclude the effect on the body of any, do not forget about the constant physical activity, which is important for the good performance of the whole organism.
• Feelings also need to be removed from your life.
• In addition, it will be necessary not to ignore planned visits to doctors and be sure to regularly carry out all necessary research. Identified at the most early stages diseases that contribute to the appearance of atherosclerosis are much easier to treat at the first stage of their occurrence.

This video will tell you more about the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis of the vessels:

Complications

The main complication that can develop with atherosclerosis is chronic or acute vascular insufficiency. In a chronic course, the lumen narrows gradually. Often this causes a number of other complications, including atrophic changes, hypoxia, ischemia, and proliferation of the area of ​​sclerosis.

Acute vascular insufficiency leads to heart attacks or acute ischemia, appears as a result of acute blockage of the lumen by a plaque. This complication can lead to fatal outcome due to .

Under the influence of atherosclerosis, complications such as aneurysms, stroke, heart attack, ischemic transient attacks, heart attack.

Forecast

In each case, the prognosis is individual and depends only on how well and fully the patient fulfills the instructions and recommendations of doctors, whether he deviates from the chosen treatment tactics. hold back further development These factors will help, which will allow you to maintain good health for a long time. The worst prognosis is given to patients who, under the influence of the disease, have already formed necrotic foci, acute circulatory disorders have appeared.