Drug poisoning symptoms in children. Symptoms of food poisoning in children and methods of treatment at home: a list of medications and recommended diet. Who treats childhood poisonings?

Every parent is horrified to discover an empty bottle of medicine or open dishwashing liquid. Children are very inquisitive, and it is not uncommon for them to see a bright liquid and mistake it for a sweet dessert. Sometimes parents themselves unknowingly bring the baby to a state of intoxication. This usually happens due to improper self-medication or non-compliance with the dosage of medications.

Every parent should be prepared for such situations and know what medications to give their child in case of poisoning. Some of them are more different strong action, others are suitable for minor ailments.

Types of drugs

The main purpose of the medicine for children with poisoning and diarrhea is to alleviate the intoxication syndrome and restore lost body functions, returning it to normal. The drugs should quickly eliminate vomiting and diarrhea, as well as remove toxic products and harmful bacteria from the baby’s digestive system. At the same time, it is important that the microflora of the intestines and stomach is not damaged.

If a child is poisoned, you should immediately consult a doctor. After examination, the specialist will decide which drug is suitable for this type of poisoning. Today there are several pharmacological groups medicines for children against poisoning. You can get rid of unpleasant symptoms by:

Rehydrants. These compositions help restore the balance of water and salts in the baby’s body.
Sorbents. This group of medications is prescribed by a doctor if a child has been poisoned by strong toxic drugs. Sorbents promote rapid cleansing not only gastrointestinal tract, but also blood flow.
These medications help relieve nausea and vomiting.
Antidiarrheal drugs. These medications are prescribed if the baby has been suffering from diarrhea for a long time.
Antibiotics. These anti-poisoning medications for children destroy harmful bacteria or significantly reduce their vital activity.
Painkillers. They are used only if, in addition to the standard symptoms of poisoning, the child has strong pain in the abdominal area.
Antipyretics. Drugs in this category help reduce fever if poisoning is accompanied by elevated body temperature.
Enzyme preparations. They help improve digestion.
Probiotics and prebiotics. Such medications help restore intestinal microflora and improve the digestion process.

Recovery

Due to severe diarrhea or vomiting, the baby's body becomes dehydrated. Therefore, when deciding what medicine to give to their beloved child in case of child poisoning, parents are advised to pay attention to several drugs that restore the water-salt balance.

With the help of "Regidron" you can stop vomiting and diarrhea. It is recommended to take the drug until the body’s functions are completely restored.

"Glucosolan" contains only a salt mixture and glucose. Great for helping with dehydration.

For intestinal infection

If the baby suffers from severe diarrhea, the doctor may prescribe an antibacterial drug. In some situations, even antimicrobial therapy is required. However, adults are more likely to face such problems than children.

Gastrointestinal pathologies may develop against the background of diarrhea, so do not treat diarrhea too carelessly. In this situation, experts recommend taking Budesonide or Prednisolone. These medications are classified as glucocorticoids.

Sorbents

During the process of intoxication, the baby’s body suffers from toxins that gradually begin to be absorbed into the blood, which can provoke numerous intraorganic abnormalities. To prevent this, it is recommended to purchase medicine for children against sorbent poisoning. Such means include:

"Enterosgel". This is a paste for oral administration that has a gentle effect on the mucous surfaces of the intestines. In addition, this composition envelops the walls of the young stomach, due to which it significantly reduces pain syndrome.

"Polyphepan". This is another natural remedy. It is made of wood. This medicine for children against poisoning is very effective. It removes toxins well and also protects the baby’s body from strong chemical irritants.
"Smecta". This adsorbent is completely natural. If you give the product to a baby, then polyvalent compounds are formed in his body, including mucus, thanks to which the removal of toxins will be carried out much faster.

If we are talking about anti-poisoning medications for children over one year of age, then drugs of this type are considered the best. They can be given to babies earlier if dosage recommendations are strictly followed. For example, if we are talking about a baby, then one sachet of Smecta per day is enough for him.

Antiemetics

With such poisoning, the food that the baby has consumed begins to be rejected. Therefore, during such attacks, it is important to reduce peristalsis and stop the production of a large volume of gastric juice. The best medicines for poisoning and vomiting for children include:

"Cerucal". This drug helps to quickly get rid of intoxication. If a child has severe poisoning, then in order for the drug to act faster, it is recommended to administer it subcutaneously. In this case, the effect will be in 10-15 minutes.
"Motilak". To stop vomiting, you need to empty your stomach faster. This tool copes with this task perfectly. After some time, the child feels noticeable relief.

Antidiarrheal drugs

Very often, during intoxication, the baby suffers from severe diarrhea. However, you should not try to get rid of diarrhea right away. The point is that it is in a natural way removing toxins from the human body. If you forcefully stop diarrhea, this can lead to stagnation of harmful components.

However, when diarrhea does not stop and parents begin to fear that the baby is becoming dehydrated, there is no need to hesitate. What medications should children take for this type of poisoning? There are several effective drugs that are recommended by experts:

"Loperamide". This remedy slows down output feces from the gastrointestinal tract. However, it is worth considering that this drug should not be given to children under the age of six.

"Trimebutin". This antispasmodic helps stop severe diarrhea. It is noteworthy that this product has double action. This means that Trimebutin can not only inhibit peristalsis, but, on the contrary, stimulate it.

Antibiotics

These funds are prescribed only as a last resort. If we are talking about medications for poisoning of a child aged 3 years or younger, then taking such drugs is not always justified. As a rule, experts prescribe them only if the baby suffers from a mixed toxic infection. This means that not only toxins have formed in the victim’s body, but also various pathogens have been introduced. In this case, the intestinal microflora suffers greatly. In addition, there is a risk that the baby will develop additional pathologies. Therefore, sometimes it is better to give your child antibiotics rather than wait for more serious complications.

The most popular drugs of this type include:

"Enterofuril." This product is quite different wide range actions. However, it is most often prescribed for intoxication due to consumption of low-quality or spoiled food. This food poisoning medicine for children is sold in the form of a suspension. It is much easier for kids to drink than large capsules.
"Furazolidone". This drug belongs to the nitrofuran series. As a rule, it is prescribed if the patient suffers from gram-negative bacteria. The product also helps get rid of some types of fungi. However, this medicine is only available in tablets, so taking it may be difficult.

"Nifuroxazide". This product is distinguished by its antibacterial and antibacterial properties. The doctor selects the dosage of the drug on an individual basis to try to minimize its negative impact on the child’s body. This medicine can destroy most types of bacteria. The drug is sold in the form of tablets and suspensions for children.

Painkillers and antipyretics

It often happens that when a child is poisoned, a fever rises and pain appears. If we talk about what medicines to give a child for this type of poisoning, then for unpleasant sensations in the abdomen the baby can be given “No-Shpu”, “Drotaverine” or “Papaverine”.

If a child has a fever, you can lower the fever with Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Nurofen or aspirin.

Products with enzymes

In some situations, signs of intoxication indicate that the child's stomach cannot properly digest food. This happens due to a violation of the intestinal microflora or in a situation where the baby’s body does not produce the necessary enzymes well. In this case, it is necessary to restore the functions of the body. It is better if such drugs are prescribed by the attending physician.

Among the products in this group, the most popular are:

"Mezim." This remedy is considered quite effective. The drug helps speed up the breakdown of food entering the gastrointestinal tract. At the same time, Mezim reliably protects the cavities of internal organs from negative influences of hydrochloric acid.

"Festal". This product includes a fairly wide range of enzymes, necessary for the body. As a rule, only one dose of the drug is enough to improve the functioning of the internal systems. If you take the drug too often, it can negatively affect the functioning of the pancreas. You should be especially careful when it comes to children.
"Pancreatin". Accelerates the process of digestion of the main components of food and helps reduce stress on the pancreas. Has a positive effect on the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Probiotics and prebiotics

Products in this category have a milder effect. They are also necessary for restoring intestinal microflora. As a rule, they are prescribed if, against the background of poisoning or frequent diarrhea, the patient develops dysbiosis. These drugs help restore normal indicators functioning of body systems.

The most effective prebiotics are considered to be “Hilak forte”, “Lysozyme” and “Lactofiltrum”. Probiotics include Probifor, Linex and other products. Also, similar beneficial components can be found in some food products.

Finally

Before giving your child any medicine, it is recommended to consult a specialist. Some drugs can cause individual intolerance and will only worsen the situation. Therefore, it is not worth the risk.

Intoxication due to consumption of low-quality food, overuse alcohol and medication overdose requires immediate assistance. Medicines for poisoning will help relieve the main syndromes, prevent the development of complications and improve your well-being.

Suitable medications will help you cope with poisoning

The effectiveness of drugs in case of poisoning

If signs of poisoning with food, alcohol, or medications appear, it is necessary to urgently take measures to eliminate the symptoms of intoxication in order to avoid the development of severe complications.

How do anti-poisoning drugs work:

prevent dehydration, restore water-salt balance;
help cope with vomiting, heartburn and diarrhea;
eliminate pain and spasms;
improve the process of digesting food;
remove toxic and poisonous substances from the body;
restore the balance of intestinal microflora.

In children, pregnant women and the elderly, poisoning is severe and often develops dangerous consequences, since recovery takes longer.

Medicines for poisoning

When treating poisoning, an integrated approach is used; it is imperative to take sorbents and means to prevent dehydration; the choice of other medications depends on the symptoms that accompany intoxication.

Drugs to prevent dehydration

Rehydrants are indispensable medicines for any type of poisoning; they prevent the development of dehydration and replenish the deficiency of salts and minerals in the body.

Regidron - powder with high content sodium compounds, best drug to prevent and eliminate dehydration in adults and children. The contents of one sachet must be dissolved in 500 ml of water, the total amount of solution is calculated taking into account the person’s weight - 10 ml/kg, this volume must be drunk in small sips within the first hour after poisoning. Then the dosage can be reduced to 5 ml/kg. Contraindications – renal failure, intestinal obstruction, cholera diarrhea. Average cost – 400–430 rubles.

Regidron is suitable for children and adults

To treat children, the contents of 1 sachet should be dissolved in 1 liter of warm water, and the child should be given the solution to drink after each bowel movement. The medicine can be stored in the refrigerator for 24 hours.

Adsorbents

Sorbents are first aid for any type of poisoning; they help quickly cleanse the body of toxins, poisons, and bacteria. After taking it, the number of vomiting decreases, and there is a slight decrease in temperature, which often occurs during intoxication.

List of effective adsorbents:

Activated carbon - the drug is capable of absorbing more than 220 different toxins, which allows it to be used for various forms mass poisoning, safe for childhood intoxication. To begin with, you need to take 20 tablets one time, then take 10 pills every 2–3 hours for 3–5 days. Contraindications - intake antibacterial drugs, stomach and duodenal ulcers. Possible side effects– diarrhea, constipation, stool becomes black. Price – 60–70 rubles.
Smecta – good sorbent of natural origin with enveloping effect, suitable for treating children, several times more effective than activated carbon. The contents of 1 sachet must be dissolved in 100 ml of water and drunk every 6-8 hours for five days. It should not be taken if there is constipation or intestinal obstruction; during treatment, flatulence and vomiting sometimes occur. Price – 150–160 rubles.
Polyphepan is a wood-based sorbent that effectively removes chemical and toxic irritants. Daily dose calculated taking into account the person’s weight, the severity of poisoning - 0.5–1 g/kg, it must be divided into 3–4 parts, the required amount must be dissolved in 100 ml of water immediately before use. Duration of treatment is 3–5 days. Contraindications: gastritis, tendency to constipation; allergic reactions may occur during treatment. Price – 75–80 rub.

Activated carbon should not be given if poisoning with iron-based medications is suspected - instead of the adsorbent, you should drink milk or 1-2 raw proteins.

Polyphepan - natural sorbent

Enzymes

Medicines from the group of enzymes help against food poisoning, and with alcohol intoxication - they reduce the load on the pancreas.

Mezim – protects the walls of the stomach from the negative effects of hydrochloric acid, accelerates the process of digestion of food, and eliminates the symptoms of intestinal infections. Adults and children older three years Take 1-2 tablets with meals, drink plenty of water. Contraindications – pancreatitis, hypersensitivity to the active ingredients of the drug, intestinal obstruction. Possible adverse reactions are bronchospasm, increased lacrimation, skin rashes, nausea, diarrhea, epigastric pain. Average cost – 190–220 rubles.

Mezim is an effective remedy for poisoning

Festal is an effective drug that contains a set of active enzymes, but it can only be taken once, otherwise the pancreas may malfunction. Dosage – 1-2 tablets three times a day after meals for 5-7 days. Contraindications – hepatitis, pancreatitis, tendency to diarrhea, presence of stones in gallbladder, intestinal obstruction. During treatment may appear allergic reactions and dyspeptic disorders. Price – 260–330 rub.

In case of poisoning, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - Analgin, Nimesil - should not be taken to eliminate pain; they have an irritating effect on the gastric mucosa, which only aggravates the symptoms of intoxication.

Medicines for poisoning and vomiting

Vomit - protective reflex, so the body tries to quickly get rid of toxic substances. But when severe poisoning food or alcohol attacks can be frequent, profuse and uncontrollable, so it is necessary to take antiemetics and medications to slow down peristalsis.

Cerucal is an effective antiemetic drug. You should take the medicine half an hour before meals, 1-2 tablets three times a day. The medicine is not prescribed for bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal atony, peptic ulcer, biliary dyskinesia, or tendency to flatulence. Possible adverse reactions are drowsiness, thirst, dizziness. Price – 120–130 rubles.

Domrid - effectively fights nausea and vomiting, eliminates heartburn and abdominal pain, available in tablets for adults and as a children's suspension. The drug should be taken 3-4 times a day, the dosage for a child under 12 years old is 0.25 ml/kg, over 12 years old – 10 ml, adults should take 1 tablet. Duration of treatment – 2 days.

Domrid relieves nausea and vomiting

Contraindications – renal and hepatic pathologies, pituitary tumors, heart failure, intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal bleeding. Possible adverse reactions - allergies, psycho-emotional disorders, extreme thirst, convulsions, swelling, heart rhythm disturbances, disruptions in the digestive system. Average cost – 100–130 rubles.

You should not induce vomiting if you suspect poisoning with alkali, acids, kerosene, gasoline, if more than half an hour has passed after taking an increased dose of medications.

Antispasmodics

Any poisoning is accompanied by pain and colic in the abdomen - antispasmodics help quickly eliminate unpleasant symptoms by relaxing smooth muscles.

List of drugs:

– the medicine acts quickly and has a minimum number of contraindications. Adult dosage– 3–6 tablets per day, the medicine should be taken in 2–3 doses, children under 12 years old can take a tablet in the morning and evening, over 12 years old – 2 pills every 12 hours. Duration of therapy – 2 days. The drug is not prescribed for problems with the absorption of lactose, galactose, low cardiac output syndrome, severe pathologies of the kidneys and liver. During treatment there may be a decrease arterial parameters, heart rhythm disturbances, migraines, deterioration in sleep quality. Price – 180–220 rub.
Platiphylline – eliminates spasms and has a mild sedative effect. Take 1 tablet every 8–12 hours. Contraindications – ischemia, glaucoma, disorders of the thyroid gland, heart, kidneys, liver. Adverse reactions - thirst, urinary retention, headache, dilated pupils, tachycardia. Price – 70–80 rubles.
Papaverine – inexpensive medicine, which can be used to treat babies older than six months. The frequency of administration for adults and children is the same - 3-4 times a day. Single dosage for children under four years of age – 0.005–1 g, over 5 years of age – 0.01–0.02 g, for adults – 0.04–0.08 g. Contraindications – glaucoma, liver dysfunction, old age, recent traumatic brain injury, benign prostatic hyperplasia. During treatment, blood counts may decrease, drowsiness, allergies, and constipation may occur. Bloating. The average cost is 70–80 rubles.

You should take painkillers with caution - the symptoms of poisoning are similar to an attack of appendicitis, any medications blur the clinical picture, which makes diagnosis much more difficult.

Papaverine can be given to children older than six months

Antibacterial drugs

Antibiotics must be taken when intestinal infections, which develop against the background of the active growth of pathogenic bacteria. Medicines are prescribed if poisoning and diarrhea are accompanied by high fever, there are blood impurities in the stool, and bouts of vomiting are repeated more than 10 times a day. During treatment it is strictly forbidden to take alcoholic drinks, since they reduce the susceptibility of pathogens to the active components of drugs.

Names of antibacterial drugs:

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic from the fluoroquinol group. In case of poisoning, you should take 500–1000 mg per day, the dose should be divided into 2 doses, take the medicine in the morning and in the evening. Duration of treatment is 5–15 days. Contraindications – pregnancy, period breastfeeding, serious kidney and liver diseases. Possible negative reactions – increased drowsiness and fatigue, tremors of extremities, migraine, dizziness. Price – 40–80 rub.
Rifaximin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, almost completely absorbed in the intestine, penetrates into the general bloodstream in minimal quantities, and is available in tablets and suspension form. For children aged 2–6 years, the dosage is 0.2 g of suspension 2–3 times a day, for 6–12 years – 0.4 g twice a day, for adults – 0.6 g once every 8 hours. Duration of therapy is 5–7 days. Contraindications – intestinal obstruction, ulcer. Adverse reactions – nausea, colic, allergies. Price – 670–700 rub.
Nifuroxazide is a medicine effective for various intestinal infections, does not cause dysbacteriosis, can be used to treat children older than two months. The dosage of the suspension for infants up to six months is 2.5 ml in the morning and evening, up to six years - 5 ml every 8 hours, over 7 years - 5 ml every 6 hours. In tablet form, the drug can be given to children over 6 years of age, 2 pills 4 times a day. Duration of treatment is 7–10 days. The drug has no contraindications, with the exception of individual intolerance. Adverse reactions such as abdominal pain and nausea are rare. Price – 250–300 rub.

Nifuroxazide - antibacterial agent

During treatment with antibiotics, it is necessary to take probiotics - Linex, Bifiform. These same drugs should be taken as the final stage of therapy for any form of poisoning to restore the balance of intestinal microflora.

If poisoning is accompanied by diarrhea, doctors do not recommend immediately starting to take antidiarrheal drugs, so as not to interfere with the body’s cleansing of toxic substances. You should start drinking fasting agents 48 after the first signs of intoxication appear.

Features of the treatment of alcohol poisoning

In case of severe intoxication with alcoholic drinks, in addition to sorbents, medications against vomiting, and dehydration, it is necessary to take drugs of the symptomatic group.

List of medications for alcohol intoxication:

Zorex – eliminates alcohol breakdown products, restores liver cells, and has a powerful antioxidant effect. Take 1-3 capsules 3 times a day for 2-4 days. The main contraindications are renal and hepatic pathologies in the stage of decompensation, age under 18 years, individual intolerance to the drug. During treatment, short-term allergic reactions may occur. Average price – 410–450 rubles.
Biotredin – improves metabolic processes, normalizes brain activity, quickly eliminates symptoms acute poisoning. On the first day, take 4 tablets every 6 hours, then you can reduce the dosage to two pills three times a day. The medicine should not be taken directly during the stage alcohol intoxication, the drug is incompatible with antidepressants and antipsychotics. Possible adverse reactions are dizziness, increased sweating, allergies. Price – 120–140 rubles.
Limontar - tablets based on citric and succinic acid, normalize metabolic processes, have a high antioxidant effect, and improve appetite. To eliminate the manifestations of alcohol poisoning, you need to drink one tablet every 2–2.5 hours. First, the drug must be crushed into powder, add soda on the tip of a knife, and dissolve the mixture in water or juice. The medicine should not be taken for glaucoma, angina pectoris, high blood pressure, ischemia, or during an exacerbation of peptic ulcer disease. Adverse reactions - jumps in arterial parameters, discomfort in the epigastric region. Price – 120–140 rubles.

Treatment of any type of poisoning will be more effective if you first rinse the stomach well with a weak solution of potassium permanganate - 2-3 crystals per 1 liter of water.

Limontar quickly treats alcohol poisoning

Folk remedies for poisoning

Recipes alternative medicine They are safe and accessible, act effectively and quickly against various types of poisoning.

The best folk recipes against poisoning:

A decoction of oak bark will help relieve signs of acute poisoning - pour 250 ml of 3 tbsp. l. crushed raw materials, cook over low heat for 20 minutes, cool, strain. Drink 30 ml 3-4 times a day.
Rice water is the best remedy for treating any type of poisoning; it has an enveloping effect and destroys the causative agents of infectious diarrhea. Bring 400 ml of water to a boil, add 2 tbsp. l. grains, cook over low heat for 45 minutes, stir occasionally. Cool, you don’t have to strain the solution, drink 55–70 ml every 6 hours.
When the first signs of poisoning appear, add 0.5 tsp to 250 ml of boiling water. cinnamon powder, strain after a quarter of an hour. During the day you need to drink 1 liter of the drink, it eliminates spasms well and is a natural sorbent.
To eliminate vomiting, abdominal pain, and cleanse toxins, you need 1 tsp. dill seed, brew 300 ml of boiling water, leave in a closed container for 2-3 minutes, simmer over low heat for another 2 minutes. Cool, strain, add 5 ml of honey. Drink 1–1.5 liters of the drink in small portions throughout the day.
In case of poisoning with petroleum-based solutions, stir 6 raw yolks in 500 ml of water and drink the drink in small sips.

A decoction of dill seed cleanses the body of toxins

In case of drug and alcohol poisoning, it is necessary to place a cold compress on the forehead to reduce the likelihood of toxic substances penetrating into the brain tissue.

When the stomach is poisoned, dehydration often occurs and severe disturbances in the functioning of the digestive system develop. Timely treatment with medications and folk remedies will help avoid the development of complications; we should not forget about proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle.

Children often suffer from gastrointestinal disorders. The task of parents is to promptly recognize food poisoning in a child, its symptoms and treatment. To do this, you need to know what can poison your baby, what signs appear first, and what needs to be done before the doctor arrives.

The most common cause of poisoning in a child is expired food. If food begins to spoil, it produces toxins that are hazardous to health. At the same time, as a rule, the expiration dates of the products have not yet expired, because no mother will knowingly buy an expired product. It's all about improper storage, without observing the required temperature conditions. Therefore, most food poisoning occurs in the summer.

Sometimes a child may eat a product that is poisonous. These can be mushrooms, plants, berries or household chemicals. In addition, food poisoning in children can be a consequence of incorrect dosage of medications.

Food poisoning can occur as a result of improper preparation of certain products. As a rule, this is food of animal origin in which it has fallen.

Eating raw fruits and vegetables can cause food poisoning if proper precautions are not taken. In this case, the nitrates on which these products were grown are to blame.

Many people say that you can be poisoned by unwashed fruits or vegetables, since various bacteria live on their surface. This is not entirely true. Of course, in order to avoid health problems, it is necessary to wash all fruits, but such a violation is an intestinal infection, not poisoning.

List of “dangerous” products:

seafood and fish;
dairy products;
raw eggs;
meat dishes that have not undergone sufficient heat treatment;
salad greens and root vegetables;
cream in confectionery products.

How is poisoning different from an intestinal infection?

It is important to be able to distinguish between these 2 ailments. After all, if a baby is poisoned by food, he can be treated at home under the supervision of a pediatrician; hospitalization is required only in the most severe cases. But if a child has an intestinal infection, treatment is possible only in a hospital. What is the difference?

So, if a child is poisoned, the first signs appear within 48 hours, no more. In the case of an intestinal infection, from the moment of infection to the appearance of the first symptoms, it can take from 1 to 30 days, or even more.

Symptoms of food poisoning in children appear suddenly and disappear very quickly. The onset of infection rarely lasts less than 7 days.

The main symptom of an intestinal infection is heat body, lasting for several days. If the temperature passed quickly and did not exceed 38°C, then this is food poisoning.

Symptoms of the disorder

How quickly signs of food poisoning appear in children depends on the type and amount of toxin and the child's metabolic rate. By the way, by the speed at which symptoms appear, you can determine which organ responded to the toxin.

If it is the stomach, it will appear 30 minutes after poisoning. The intestines react within 4-6 hours. It takes a little longer for the toxin to reach the liver and pancreas (up to 48 hours).

Nausea is a natural reaction of the body; after exposure to a toxin, the child soon begins to vomit. Thus, the body tries to cleanse itself.

From the intestines there are various painful sensations. Most often these are cramps or cramps in the lower abdomen, rumbling and bloating are observed.

Diarrhea is another way to cleanse the body of toxins. It appears in case of intestinal irritation. may be single or multiple. However, according to pediatricians, most often in cases of poisoning, children experience vomiting without diarrhea.

The child’s general well-being is disrupted, he becomes lethargic and sleepy, refuses food and complains of a headache. In case of dehydration, symptoms such as:

pale and dry skin;
convulsions;
a sharp decrease in blood pressure;
acidosis.

This condition is very dangerous and can be fatal, so you need to urgently call an ambulance and go to the hospital, where the child will be given a drip,

Of course, serious dehydration occurs when you lose fluid 10-12 times a day. But after the third attack of vomiting or diarrhea, the child needs help in restoring the water and electrolyte balance. In this case, special solutions will help.

General intoxication leads to an increase in body temperature. As a rule, it does not exceed 38°C. But in children under 5 years of age, body temperature can reach 39.5°C.

First aid for poisoning

What to do if your child shows symptoms of food poisoning? First of all, call a pediatrician. If the doctor is not able to examine the child in the next few hours (late evening or weekend), you need to call an ambulance. In case of mild poisoning, they will not be hospitalized, but they will be able to prescribe adequate treatment.

Before the doctor arrives, the child needs to be given a sorbent. In case of vomiting, to avoid a bad reaction, the drug is diluted in water and given to the child in small portions every 5-10 minutes.

You can do gastric lavage, but only if the child is over 6 years old. You need to take warm water 10 ml/kg body weight and dissolve 2-3 crystals of potassium permanganate in it. After the solution has cooled, the child needs to drink it completely, followed by vomiting and cleansing of the stomach. This method is effective if symptoms appear 30-60 minutes after consuming the toxin and it is still in the stomach.

You can cleanse the intestines with an enema. It is necessary to take an age-specific dose of sorbent ( Activated carbon, Smecta), dissolve in water and give a cool enema. Its volume depends on the age of the patient:

1-2 years - 70 ml;
2-3 years - 140 ml;
3-4 years - 200 ml;
over 4 years 250-300 ml.

In case of poisoning, the child must fast for the first 24 hours. This is very difficult for mom, but you need to remember that if you put stress on your stomach, all the acute symptoms will return. In addition, it is advisable that the baby observe bed rest.

Treatment of food poisoning

How to treat poisoning? After all, all of the above will only help alleviate the child’s condition, but will not eliminate the main cause.

For treatment is carried out drug therapy, which can only be prescribed by a doctor. As a rule, it consists of taking medications such as:

sorbents;
probiotics;
products containing enzymes;
antibiotics;
electrolyte solutions.

As mentioned above, sorbents are the first medicine that should be given to a patient with food poisoning. The drug can be absolutely anything, the main thing is to determine the required age dose. Sorbents bind toxins and remove them from the body without harm to health, so the sooner the child starts drinking them, the fewer toxins will enter the bloodstream.

Special solutions will help restore the fluid level; they can be purchased at any pharmacy. The most popular solution is Regidron; it must be diluted in boiled water and given to the child several times a day, as well as after each attack of vomiting or diarrhea. If you give the entire portion at once, the taken solution may provoke another attack of vomiting.

If it is not possible to purchase a solution, children often get poisoned on vacation, you can prepare its analogue. The product is slightly less effective, but its components are always at hand. Required:

1 liter cold boiled water;
1 tsp. salt;
1 tsp. soda;
2 tbsp. l. Sahara.

This solution can also be given in case of fever due to infectious diseases.

After the symptoms go away, it is necessary to restore the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. This will require probiotics (Linex, Yogurt) and preparations containing enzymes, for example Creon (to improve digestion). They will restore the intestinal microflora, reduce pain symptoms, and speed up recovery. They are used both for the treatment and prevention of gastrointestinal disorders.

Only a doctor can decide whether a child needs antibiotics. prescribed in case of intestinal infection.

If a child is poisoned, it is advisable to stop vomiting if it recurs. This will prevent dehydration. As a rule, pediatricians recommend the drug Domrid. But you can take it only after consulting a doctor.

Antidiarrheal medications will help relieve severe diarrhea. 1 tablet of Loperamide will significantly improve the child’s condition. Also suitable are drugs such as Enterofuril or Nifuroxazide. But we must remember that uncontrolled reception antidiarrheal medications will do more harm than good.

ethnoscience

You can speed up your recovery if you supplement treatment at home with traditional medicine recipes, but only with the permission of your doctor. The most common of them is a decoction of rice or oatmeal.

Rice water combats both diarrhea and vomiting. You will need 1 part rice and 5 parts hot water. The cereal needs to be poured and put on fire, after boiling the product is boiled for 2-5 minutes, filtered and taken several times a day.

To prepare a decoction of oatmeal, you need 2 tbsp. l. Pour hot water over the flakes and cook for at least 5 minutes. Take the medicine in the same way as rice water.

It will also help decoction from chamomile and marigold, 1 tsp. mixture of herbs per 1 liter of water.

For poisoning with meat or fish, an effective remedy is cinnamon tea; add 2-3 sticks of bark to water and bring to a boil. After 5 minutes, remove the product from the heat and filter. Take 1 glass twice a day.

Alteyka helps not only with coughs. In case of food poisoning, 2 tsp is needed. pour 1 cup of boiling water over the root and leave for 30 minutes. Take the product 1 tsp. 4 times a day, you can add a little honey.

Diet for food poisoning

As a result of the ingress of toxins, the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines becomes inflamed, and the pancreas and liver are subjected to severe stress. Therefore, nutrition should be as gentle as possible.

On the first day after poisoning, you must completely abstain from food. The child can only drink. The exception is children under one year old; they need food within 3-4 hours after the acute symptoms disappear. But you can only give breast milk (if the mother did not consume a toxic product) or an adapted milk formula.

Important! A day after the condition has returned to normal, the child should eat. When fasting for more than 2 days, the only possible option is hospitalization and artificial feeding through a tube.

Diet rules after food poisoning:

all food must be ground;
you need to eat in small portions;
eating 5-6 times a day;
food should be boiled, stewed or steamed.

In cases of mild poisoning, the baby may feel great already on day 2, but it is necessary to adhere to it for at least 5-7 days.

What to give a child if poisoned? For children over one year old, porridge cooked in water is suitable; it is better to give preference to rice, oatmeal or buckwheat. You can offer mashed potatoes without butter and milk, as well as puree soup with water. Broths should be excluded for the entire duration of the diet.

On the third day, you can offer your child some cottage cheese or low-fat kefir, baked apples, and sweet crackers. The main thing is not to overdo it.

Meat dishes are allowed for the baby no earlier than the 4th day. Rabbit, turkey and lean fish are suitable.

After poisoning, it is prohibited to eat foods such as:

smoked, pickled and spicy;
juices, raw vegetables and fruits;
fatty or fried;
canned food;
sweets;
fresh bakery.

During the recovery period of the gastrointestinal tract, food should be mainly vegetarian, since animal products are much more difficult to digest.

Drug poisoning occurs in children of different ages, but this happens especially often with preschool children. Restless toddlers cannot indifferently pass by bright tablets and capsules that imprudent adults leave in an accessible place. Poisoning children with drugs always requires radical methods help.

Signs of drug poisoning

If a child has taken an excessive dose of a drug, it does not matter whether symptoms appear immediately or over time. A number of drugs do not cause reactions immediately after an overdose; symptoms appear later. The baby must be taken to the hospital as soon as it is noticed that he has swallowed medications.

The doctor must show the packaging of the medicine - this will allow him to quickly decide on the treatment method.

Despite a large number of medications, the nature of the poisoning can be judged by its clinical manifestations. The main symptoms are:

change in facial expression – uncontrollable facial twitching of muscles;
changes in the skin and mucous membranes;
coma;
delusions, hallucinations;
convulsions;
muscle spasms;
lack of coordination;
change in pupil size;
blurred vision;
heartbeat disorder;
a sharp decrease or increase in blood pressure;
increased salivation;
vomiting with or without blood;
loose stools;
change in urine color.

In case of drug poisoning, you need to act quickly. You can determine that your baby has eaten too much medicine by characteristic features– there is an open container for medicines in the room, and the baby is dirty with the remains of medicine.

Stages of poisoning

Doctors distinguish three stages of the general condition of children with drug poisoning:

Mild degree - consciousness is confused, the child falls into deep dream, the pupils become smaller and do not respond to light, the eyes twitch involuntarily, and coordination is impaired.
Moderate degree - in addition to all the symptoms of the mild stage, reflexes - swallowing and coughing - are impaired. Acute renal failure begins. The baby falls into a superficial coma.
Severe degree - the baby does not react to pain at all, all reflexes are completely absent. Breathing may be shallow or completely absent. The pressure drops significantly, tachycardia develops. The temperature may rise or fall relative to normal levels. The child falls into a comatose state.

Causes of drug overdose

There are several reasons why a child may have drug intoxication:

storing medications in places accessible to children;
incorrect dosage of medications;
Attempting suicide is relevant for adolescence.

First aid

First aid for drug poisoning consists of a number of actions, the second are described below:

If the child is in unconscious, without signs of life, perform respiratory-pulmonary resuscitation.
The baby must be placed on his side - this prevents vomit from entering the respiratory tract and the tongue sticking.
Vomiting is artificially induced if the baby is conscious for more than half an hour. If about an hour has passed since the moment of poisoning, then there is no point in inducing vomiting!
If more than an hour has passed since the poisoning, you need to give the patient a laxative or rinse the intestines with an enema.

Colon lavage is performed with water only at room temperature. Otherwise, toxins will be more absorbed into the bloodstream.

After gastric lavage and vomiting, give any sorbents that are available at home. This may be the familiar activated carbon.
After taking sorbents, you can give cool, clean water.

While one of the adults begins to provide emergency care, the second must call a doctor. His future health depends on how quickly the little patient is taken to the hospital.

Medicines that most often cause poisoning in children

You can be poisoned by any medicine, but doctors identify a group of drugs that children are poisoned with most often.

Contraceptive hormonal drugs - poisoning from birth control pills in children in medical practice occurs all the time, first aid consists of rinsing the stomach with plenty of water and taking activated charcoal.

You cannot drink mineral carbonated water to your baby!

Any medicine from this list helps with certain diseases, but only in the dosage prescribed by the doctor. Uncontrolled use of all medications leads to severe consequences.

Consequences of drug poisoning in children

Poisoning children with drugs does not always have health consequences. If quantity medications taken was small and the help turned out to be prompt, then often this unpleasant incident is simply forgotten. However, if the child took a lot of medicine and help was not provided on time, then the following troubles may occur:

damage to the nervous system, frequent seizures and confusion;
scars on the stomach and gastric bleeding - mainly caused by a group of iron-containing drugs;
persistent allergic reactions;
chronic jaundice;
disruption of the urinary system.

How to prevent drug poisoning in children

Before starting a course of treatment, parents should consult a doctor and carefully read the instructions for the drug.
Do not give your baby medications that have expired.
If old medications are disposed of, it is done so that children cannot take them.
All medications are stored out of the reach of children and in their original packaging.
You cannot call medications by names that are attractive to your baby, such as jam or honey.
Children should not be given medications in adult dosages.

In general, it is advisable for parents not to take their medications in front of their children; children love to copy and repeat everything after adults.

otravlenye.ru

Medicine for children against poisoning: a review of effective and safe drugs

Every parent should be prepared for such situations and know what medications to give their child in case of poisoning. Some of them are more powerful, while others are suitable for minor ailments.

Types of drugs

The main purpose of the medicine for children with poisoning and diarrhea is to alleviate the intoxication syndrome and restore lost body functions, returning it to a normal state. The drugs should quickly eliminate vomiting and diarrhea, as well as remove toxic products and harmful bacteria from the baby’s digestive system. At the same time, it is important that the microflora of the intestines and stomach is not damaged.

If a child is poisoned, you should immediately consult a doctor. After examination, the specialist will decide which drug is suitable for this type of poisoning. Today, there are several pharmacological groups of drugs for children against poisoning. You can get rid of unpleasant symptoms by:

Rehydrants. These compositions help restore the balance of water and salts in the baby’s body.
Sorbents. This group of medications is prescribed by a doctor if a child has been poisoned by strong toxic drugs. Sorbents help to quickly cleanse not only the gastrointestinal tract, but also the bloodstream.
Antiemetics. These medications help relieve nausea and vomiting.
Antidiarrheal drugs. These medications are prescribed if the baby has been suffering from diarrhea for a long time.
Antibiotics. These anti-poisoning medications for children destroy harmful bacteria or significantly reduce their vital activity.
Painkillers. They are used only if, in addition to the standard symptoms of poisoning, the child experiences severe pain in the abdominal area.
Antipyretics. Drugs in this category help reduce fever if poisoning is accompanied by elevated body temperature.
Enzyme preparations. They help improve digestion.
Probiotics and prebiotics. Such medications help restore intestinal microflora and improve the digestion process.

Recovery

With the help of "Regidron" you can stop vomiting and diarrhea. It is recommended to take the drug until the body’s functions are completely restored.

"Glucosolan" contains only a salt mixture and glucose. This product is great for helping with dehydration.

For intestinal infection

Sorbents

"Enterosgel". This is a paste for oral administration that has a gentle effect on the mucous surfaces of the intestines. In addition, this composition envelops the walls of the young stomach, due to which the pain syndrome is significantly reduced.

"Polyphepan". This is another natural remedy. It is made of wood. This medicine for children against poisoning is very effective. It removes toxins well and also protects the baby’s body from strong chemical irritants.
"Smecta". This adsorbent is completely natural. If you give the product to a baby, then polyvalent compounds are formed in his body, including mucus, thanks to which the removal of toxins will be carried out much faster.

Antiemetics

"Cerucal". This drug helps to quickly get rid of intoxication. If a child has severe poisoning, then in order for the drug to act faster, it is recommended to administer it subcutaneously. In this case, the effect will be in 10-15 minutes.
"Motilak". To stop vomiting, you need to empty your stomach faster. This tool copes with this task perfectly. After some time, the child feels noticeable relief.

Antidiarrheal drugs

Very often, during intoxication, the baby suffers from severe diarrhea. However, you should not try to get rid of diarrhea right away. The fact is that this is a natural way of removing toxins from the human body. If you forcefully stop diarrhea, this can lead to stagnation of harmful components.

"Loperamide". This remedy slows down the removal of feces from the gastrointestinal tract. However, it is worth considering that this drug should not be given to children under the age of six.

"Trimebutin". This antispasmodic helps stop severe diarrhea. It is noteworthy that this remedy has a double effect. This means that Trimebutin can not only inhibit peristalsis, but, on the contrary, stimulate it.

The most popular drugs of this type include:

"Enterofuril." This product has a fairly wide spectrum of action. However, it is most often prescribed for intoxication due to consumption of low-quality or spoiled food. This food poisoning medicine for children is sold in the form of a suspension. It is much easier for kids to drink than large capsules.
"Furazolidone". This drug belongs to the nitrofuran series. As a rule, it is prescribed if the patient suffers from gram-negative bacteria. The product also helps get rid of some types of fungi. However, this medicine is only available in tablets, so taking it may be difficult.

"Nifuroxazide". This product is distinguished by its antibacterial and antibacterial properties. The doctor selects the dosage of the drug on an individual basis to try to minimize its negative impact on the child’s body. This medicine can destroy most types of bacteria. The drug is sold in the form of tablets and suspensions for children.

Painkillers and antipyretics

If a child has a fever, you can lower the fever with Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Nurofen or aspirin.

Products with enzymes

Among the products in this group, the most popular are:

"Mezim." This remedy is considered quite effective. The drug helps speed up the breakdown of food entering the gastrointestinal tract. At the same time, Mezim reliably protects the cavities of internal organs from the negative effects of hydrochloric acid.

"Festal". This remedy includes a fairly wide range of enzymes needed by the body. As a rule, only one dose of the drug is enough to improve the functioning of the internal systems. If you take the drug too often, it can negatively affect the functioning of the pancreas. You should be especially careful when it comes to children.
"Pancreatin". Accelerates the process of digestion of the main components of food and helps reduce stress on the pancreas. Has a positive effect on the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Probiotics and prebiotics

Products in this category have a milder effect. They are also necessary for restoring intestinal microflora. As a rule, they are prescribed if, against the background of poisoning or frequent diarrhea, the patient develops dysbiosis. Such drugs help restore normal functioning of body systems.

Finally

Before giving your child any medicine, it is recommended to consult a specialist. Some drugs can cause individual intolerance and will only worsen the situation. Therefore, it is not worth the risk.

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Drug poisoning in children: what is dangerous and what to do?

Statistics on drug poisoning among children indicate that the peak occurs in winter period. Firstly, children often sit at home and are frankly bored, and parents lose their vigilance regarding the location of dangerous substances. In addition, during the transition period and in cold weather, children get sick more often, and drugs are also used more actively than in the summer. The sweet taste of syrup or vitamins that were previously given to the child, interesting bottles of nasal sprays and the desire to imitate adults, playing “doctor and hospital”, sometimes lead to disastrous consequences. What to do if drug poisoning is suspected, what should parents do?

Attention, vitamins!

The carelessness of parents sometimes amazes doctors. If relatively serious drugs like sleeping pills or heart medications, they hide away from the child, then vitamins and mineral supplements, various dietary supplements and homeopathic granules may be in easy accessibility for little hands.

Moreover, parents often themselves create the conditions for the formation of poisoning, sometimes even with their own hands. During the period of colds and acute respiratory viral infections, children are given loading doses ascorbic acid, often supplementing them with double or triple doses of multivitamins, mineral supplements in combination with fortified foods.

Remember, vitamins and mineral supplements are also medicines, and if the dosage exceeds the preventive dosage, these substances can also be poisoned! Particularly dangerous in terms of poisoning are those under three years of age and preparations of fat-soluble vitamins. If B vitamins or ascorbic acid are soluble in water and will be actively excreted by the kidneys, and the manifestations of poisoning will not be so severe and strong, then vitamins A and D are soluble in fats. This means that the kidneys will not be able to remove their excess, and the accumulation of these substances threatens with serious intoxication and irreversible consequences for many organs, including a detailed outcome. In addition, toxic doses of fat-soluble vitamins are not much higher than therapeutic and prophylactic doses; preparations of these vitamins are quite concentrated. Therefore, they are dosed in drops, strictly based on age and weight.

Dangerous minerals!

Preparations containing minerals are no less dangerous. These are calcium, magnesium and iron, which are necessary for the growth and development of the baby. Other mineral supplements are not so relevant, as they are usually included in multivitamins. But preparations of these minerals can be prescribed additionally, in particular, iron for the treatment of anemia. And it is this drug that can be deadly in case of overdose, given that it is produced in the form of syrups with a pleasant taste. Calcium supplements are not so dangerous if they are not combined with vitamin D, but they can significantly damage the kidneys for the rest of your life. Therefore, mineral supplements should also be kept out of the reach of children!

There are different types of poisoning

The most dangerous drugs are those that quickly and strongly effective effect, especially used by the older generation. Given the forgetfulness of older people, you need to be doubly careful. It is prohibited to store drugs in cabinets, on shelves and tables, where drugs can become accessible to children. The bright shells and their sweet taste will attract the attention of an inquisitive little one who will taste everything. And given that children see how their grandmother or grandfather literally drank the drugs by the handful, they repeat after him. This leads to tragedy!

Parents, remember, any drugs that were not prescribed by a doctor, and even those that were prescribed but taken in high doses, can become dangerous for children! A threat to life arises when using any form of the drug - be it tablets, syrups, solutions or powders, and the effect largely depends on the amount of the drug taken. The more pleasant the taste and smell, the more colorful the packaging and the brighter the pill, the more likely it is that the child will take a lot of the product.

What poisonings are the most severe and dangerous?

This question is difficult to answer, since there are drugs that immediately produce a toxic effect, but then the consequences are completely removable, and there are those that initially give not very pronounced symptoms, but threaten later irreversible changes in the internal organs. Therefore, any poisoning is dangerous, and they require a detailed examination, testing and therapeutic and detoxification measures!

Manifestations of poisoning by many drugs in their initial stages may be nonspecific. The most common are lesions of the nervous system with excitement (delirium, convulsions) or inhibition of functions (stupor, coma), disorders of the digestive system, as well as sudden changes in the composition of the baby’s blood, damage to the liver or kidneys, as the main excretory and detoxifying organs of the child. In many ways, clinical manifestations depend on the type of drug, but one way or another, digestion and nervous system reactions are almost always affected.

Tablets or syrups, which is more dangerous?

If we're talking about different forms drugs, it is difficult to say which forms of drugs are more dangerous, it depends on the type active substance and quantity received. However, if the baby has access to the medicines in the first aid kit, then usually the syrup is tasted alone, less often the child has a desire to try many solutions (and it is more difficult to open them). But with tablets everything is more dangerous, since they are easily removed from the package, they are bright and, mistaking them for candy, the baby can swallow several tablets of different effects at once. In this case, the severity of the manifestations will depend not only on the actual number of tablets taken. It will be important that they have mutually influencing effects, sometimes increasing the toxic effect. Both children's and "adult" types of drugs are dangerous. For example, antitussives can lead to depression of the respiratory center. This threatens loss of consciousness and the development of a coma with a fatal outcome. If you find drugs in the hands of a child or find empty bottles of them, you need to act immediately.

First aid and further actions

If there are real reasons to believe that the baby could drink syrups or swallow pills, a consistent plan of action in such situations has been developed and must be followed. First of all, put aside panic and bickering about who is to blame; first of all, you need to provide first aid to the child.

Need to call immediately ambulance, even if it's just a few tablets (especially adult drugs). The reaction to these drugs can be unpredictable.

Before the doctors arrive, you need to give the child a lot to drink (if he is conscious). This should be boiled warm water with a volume of at least 1-2 liters, depending on age (if the child refuses to drink, we use a syringe without a needle to pour the liquid into the mouth). If there is no boiled water, you can use any water, even from the tap, we are talking about saving life and health. It is important that the amount of the drug that has not yet been absorbed in the stomach is reduced. Then, after taking the liquid, vomiting is provoked by irritation of the reflex zones of the oral cavity (two fingers into the baby’s mouth, intense pressure on the root of the tongue above the basin). Vomiting will release any remaining medication that has not yet been absorbed, as well as all the contents of the stomach.

If the child loses consciousness or is prostrated, it is prohibited to induce vomiting.

You need to rinse your stomach with clean water until one vomit comes out of the stomach. pure water. That is, they gave the child liquid, he drank it, induced vomiting, emptied his stomach, and gave him water again. Repeat this several times. Vomit should be left for toxicological analysis, this is important in analyzing the situation.

After washing the stomach, the child needs to be given sorbents - this can be smecta, enterosgel, activated carbon or any product that is available at home. They need to be dissolved in water and given to drink. It is forbidden to give the child milk as a sorbent; you cannot feed the child any foods, this will enhance the absorption of drugs into the blood. Additionally, giving an enema may be useful if you do not know exactly when the medicine was taken.

Important to remember!!!

It is important for parents to know that even if the child says that he did not take the medicine, he feels well and there are no signs of poisoning, and you do not have enough solution or tablets in the first aid kit, where the baby has access, if the medicines are lying on the floor and you do not know no matter how many tablets there were, you still need to call an ambulance and examine the child. The medicine may not yet be absorbed or its effect may be delayed. And it's important to start therapeutic measures At once.

The doctors who arrived at the scene, after providing emergency assistance, hospitalized the child. It is important to show them the drug packages and give them with them, this will help toxicologists in further assistance in the hospital.

It would not be amiss to remind once again that all medications in the house should be stored in places inaccessible to children - in locked drawers, closed top shelves of the refrigerator or cabinet.

Take the test Do you understand medications? Only by answering the questions honestly will you get a reliable result.

medaboutme.ru

Medicines for poisoning - Medicines for the treatment of food poisoning, first aid, advice from doctors

Every tenth person on the planet suffers annually from poor-quality food containing nitrates and pesticides, or expired food.

Death from food poisoning occurs in 30% of cases. Indicators among the adult population reach 420 thousand, the remaining 125 thousand people are children under 5 years of age.

Lack of basic knowledge of what medications to take for food poisoning and failure to timely seek medical help are the main causes of severe intoxication.

What can you poison yourself with?

In 85% of cases, microorganisms are the main cause of food poisoning.

Violation of production and processing, transportation and storage, as well as non-compliance with veterinary and sanitary standards entails the sale of already spoiled food. Severe food intoxication can be caused by substances secreted by microbes.

Staphylococci. Bacteria are immune to changes in the external environment. They multiply unhindered at temperatures from 20 to 37°C, and can withstand heating up to 80°C for up to 1 hour. When frozen, they do not lose viability for up to 30 days, when room temperature- 4 months.

Staphylococcus, poisoning food such as cottage cheese, sour cream, confectionery with custard, raw minced meat and boiled meat, causes great harm to humans.

Clostridium botulinum bacillus, which produces powerful botulinum toxin. Botulism causes a dangerous disease. The ideal temperature regime for the formation and development of spores should be no higher than 28-35°C. It enters the body through canned food in the form of already poisoned marinades, pickles and meat products, fresh garlic and natural honey.

Microscopic molds are another cause of food poisoning. They manifest themselves as diseases called mycotoxicosis.

Foods rich in starch and vegetable oil, legumes and grains, peanuts, rice and peas become a source of toxic toxins. Thanks to control over the sale of agricultural crops, the amount of mushrooms in flour and cereals is absolutely safe for humans. Rarely above 0.05%.

Non-microbial food poisoning affects up to 15% of the population.

They occur if you consume conditionally edible or poisonous mushrooms, seeds and plants, seed kernels, raw sprouted potatoes and beans, fish roe, chemicals and harmful substances such as nitrates and pesticides.

Signs of food poisoning

The duration of intake and the concentration of toxic substances in the body influence the manifestation of the first, sudden symptoms of food poisoning in adults and children.

First of all, damage to the stomach and intestines is observed, which is accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting, severe abdominal pain and cramps, mild chills and malaise.

Food intoxication of moderate severity is expressed by a slight increase in body temperature from 37.2 to 38°C, diarrhea up to 20 times a day. The vomiting becomes stronger, the poisoned person is constantly tormented by nausea, unbearable and acute attacks stomach pain. Sometimes seizures and low blood pressure may occur.

Adults with severe intoxication experience dizziness, muscle and joint pain, and difficulty breathing. The fever intensifies, the temperature is more than 38°C. Sometimes - less than 36°C.

Severe food poisoning in a child can provoke epileptic seizures, excessive tearfulness and nervousness.

The daily number of bowel movements increases, and dehydration begins. Weak pulse, dry mouth and thirst, arterial pressure low.

First aid for poisoning at home

Don't rush to buy expensive medications. Good treatment can be carried out with the means that are available home medicine cabinet. Remember the basic one, but very important list medications and tablets needed primarily for food poisoning.

Potassium permanganate is the best antiseptic among powders to flush the stomach and neutralize food toxins at home. Before taking potassium permanganate, it must be properly diluted. For a liter of warm boiled water, 5 small crystals are enough. Drink until you induce vomiting.

A cheap but effective drug for combating poisoning can be called activated carbon in tablets. A safe remedy for vomiting, flatulence and diarrhea. Adsorbs and neutralizes chemical poisons and compounds, toxins of bacterial, plant, and animal origin that contain spoiled food. In case of severe poisoning, take 15-20 pieces at once.

For abdominal pain and intestinal colic, even children can drink No-shpu. It treats spasms, reduces intestinal activity, and reduces pain. A single dose of no more than 10 mg is recommended; up to 12 years of age, the maximum dosage is 20 mg. The number of receptions per day is 2 times. For treatment, adults need 80 mg of the drug in the morning, lunch and evening.

For poisoning and food infection, complicated by fever and fever, take a cheap drug with a strong anti-inflammatory effect - Ibuprofen. Children from 6 to 12 years old are prescribed a single dose of 1 tablet. An adult takes 3-4 capsules.

It is mandatory to consult a specialist on how to treat children under 6 years of age.

What medications to take for poisoning

It is impossible to cope with severe intoxication without medications. Required complex treatment several drugs. In order not to be mistaken about what medications to take in case of poisoning for an adult, carefully study the instructions and names of the best sorbents in the form of powder for cleansing the body: “Enterosorb” and “Polysorb”.

It is more difficult to select effective medications for young patients. Such powders and sorbents for poisoning for children as “Smecta” and “Diosmectite” help well.

Severe dehydration and restoration of electrolyte and water-salt balance can be treated with Gastrolit tablets and powders such as Regidron, Hydrovit, Citraglucosolan.

Treatment for food poisoning is carried out with potent antiemetic drugs: Cerucal, Reglan, Emeset.

To normalize digestion best medicine- enzymes. To improve the functioning of the pancreas and intestines, Mezim, Pancreatin, and Festal are prescribed.

Adults often make mistakes when taking unsupervised treatment on their own. His health depends on which tablet and in what dosage a person takes.

In order not to be poisoned by medicinal substances and not to worsen your condition, think about what to use and in what quantity. If there is a lack of information about what to drink for poisoning, or inadequate instructions for the medication, it is better to consult a specialist or doctor.

What to drink in case of poisoning and vomiting

Once in the body, poor quality nutrition has an irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the digestive system. The response of the immune system to food poisoning manifests itself in the form of vomiting. What treatment will quickly relieve nausea.

"Motilium". Restores the functionality of the gastrointestinal tract, calms the urge to vomit. Children under 5 years of age are prescribed 2.5 to 5 mg for every 10 kg of weight. Adults - 10-20 mg.

Damelium. Affects nerve receptors that control gag reflexes. A single dosage for adults is 10 mg. The daily number of doses is 3-4 times.

Antiemetic drugs for poisoning such as Linex and Bifiform Baby are suitable for newborns and young children. Maintenance of intestinal microflora occurs due to the action of beneficial fermented milk and probiotic bacteria.

Medicines for diarrhea and poisoning

Against the backdrop of a sharp increase in toxic substances, the digestive system loses its ability to maintain acid-base balance.

Leftover food undergoes fermentation and rotting, which causes loose stools. What pills to take for poisoning and to stop diarrhea.

"Enterofuril" if diarrhea is of a bacterial nature. Eliminates the activity of gram-positive microorganisms and gram-negative enterobacteria. For children under six months of age, the recommended dose is 2.5 ml of suspension. From 3 to 7 years - 5 ml. An adult can take 2 capsules at once.

"Loperamide". Inexpensive, but effective tablets from food poisoning and diarrhea caused by infection. Reduces intestinal motility, reduces the number of bowel movements. Capsules are not prescribed to children under 2 years of age. Children are allowed to take 2 mg of the substance, older people - 4 mg.

For abdominal pain, you can additionally use No-Spasm or Drotaverine tablets, and Smecta solution for diarrhea.

How to bring down the temperature in case of poisoning

Absorbed into the intestinal walls, pathogenic microbes, bacteria and viruses are further spread throughout the body by the circulatory system, disrupt thermoregulation, and cause a severe inflammatory process.

What medicines to take if you are poisoned with fever.

Nimesil powder. The analgesic and antipyretic effect is achieved by inhibiting the growth and spread of pathogenic cells in areas of inflammation. The contents of 1 packet are dissolved in 100 ml of warm water.

Will calm you down febrile state and will lower the temperature against the background of an infection “Paracetamol”, contacting the centers of thermoregulation and pain. The maximum permissible single dose is 1 gram.

To bring down the temperature in children, they use drugs for poisoning in a convenient powder: effervescent “Efferalgan” and soluble “Panadol”.

Antibiotics for food poisoning

Determine the causative agent of intestinal infection or confirm the presence helminthic infestation possible only after laboratory tests. Antibacterial medications after poisoning are used only on the recommendation of a doctor.

"Furazolidone". An active antimicrobial drug disrupts the breathing process and the structure of microorganisms, reduces the amount of toxins released by bacteria. For toxic infections, the duration of administration is 5-10 days. Single dosage for adults: 100-150 mg.

“Nifuroxazide” and “Adisord” - this is what children should take in case of poisoning. These antibacterial drugs for poisoning are safe for a small organism and have a wide range of effects on gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.

Nifuroxazide prevents the development of intestinal infection, inhibits the development of microbial cells and its respiratory ability, and activates the immune system. Prescribed from 1 month of life. A single dosage in the form of a suspension is 100 mg.

Starting from 3 years, it is better to choose tablets for poisoning and diarrhea “Adisord”. Does not affect the microflora and intestinal mucosa, has an intense antimicrobial effect. Dosage per day - 1-2 capsules 3 times.

Children experience the world through sensations. They try not only to touch everything new, but also to taste it. This can result in food poisoning. It is important to recognize it in time and take health measures.

Poisoning is a disorder of the body's functioning. The reason for this is the entry of poison or toxin into the body. In medicine, poisoning is usually called intoxication. Food poisoning is divided into two groups. The first group includes poisoning various products nutrition. The greatest likelihood of poisoning in children occurs when dairy products, eggs, fish and seafood, meat, and confectionery with cream are included in the diet. The second group includes poisoning with chemical substances. Both groups of poisoning are potentially dangerous for the child’s body if not promptly provide first aid. The first symptom of poisoning is vomiting. In case of poisoning, it can occur more than 15 times per day. In parallel with it, diarrhea may appear. The child’s behavior changes sharply, he becomes lethargic, capricious. Body temperature can reach 38 degrees Celsius. The very first thing to do is gastric lavage. You need to give your child 1–2 liters of warm boiled water to drink. This is necessary to quickly cleanse the stomach of food that is poisoning the child. It is necessary to ensure that dehydration does not begin in the child’s body. It is necessary to observe the drinking regime. To do this, you need to give the child 1-2 sips of weak tea every 10–15 minutes. After this, the child should be provided with pre-medical care. It is necessary to give the child medication, but you need to take into account that the child’s body is different from the adult’s body and special medications are needed for it.

In case of severe vomiting or diarrhea in a child, you should resort to the drug "Regidron". 1 sachet is diluted in a liter of cooled boiled water and given to the child in portions throughout the day. This drug replenishes fluid in the body.

A drug such as Smecta will help restore balance in the body. Its effect is stronger than regular activated carbon. You should give your child one sachet at the first symptoms, and then drink two more throughout the day. The course of treatment with the drug is 3–7 days. And in order to kill the infectious agent, the child should be given Enterofuril. It is an intestinal antibiotic. It should be taken 2-3 times a day for 5-7 days. The dosage depends on the age of the child.

To restore the microflora of the large intestine in a child, you need to give the child Lactofiltrum tablets. Before use, you should read the instructions carefully. When giving this drug to a child, you need to remember that it is taken half an hour before or after taking other medications.

What drugs can be given to children if they are poisoned?

www.kakprosto.ru

What to give a child in case of poisoning: list of medications

Children are more likely to develop food poisoning. Their treatment must be taken seriously. Self-medication can be dangerous to the health of babies; all medications must be prescribed by a doctor. In this article we looked at what to give a child in case of poisoning at the stage of treatment first aid, cases in which you should urgently seek medical treatment.

Features of the child's body

Poisoning in a child is more severe than in an adult. This is explained by the peculiarities of the development and structure of the child’s body. Below are the main factors that contribute to the occurrence of poisoning in children.

Full production of saliva appears only at one year of age. Until this time, the baby is not protected by lysozyme, a protein that neutralizes some bacteria and protects against infections.
Insufficient development of the immune system, which is necessary to protect the body from pathogenic microorganisms. Only at 3 years old does the child’s immunity begin to fully function.
The intestinal microflora provides local immunity and protects against some intestinal infections. A baby is born with a sterile intestine, which fills with beneficial and essential bacteria during the first year of life. Already at 2 years old intestinal microflora no different from an adult.
The acidity of gastric juice in children is lower, as a result of which the stomach is not fully protected from intestinal viruses and bacteria.

What are the most common causes of childhood poisoning?

There are many factors and reasons that can lead to poisoning in a child. It is worth noting that parental inattention and insufficient child supervision are the main causes of childhood poisoning. Left unattended medications, detergents, expired food - all this is dangerous for the baby.

The main causes of poisoning in children:

Eating expired and improperly prepared food leads to food poisoning. The child may become infected with salmonellosis, dysentery or coli;
the child taking medications or chemicals found at home. The baby wants to taste everything he sees around him. He mistakes brightly colored tablets for candy, and floor cleaner for a sweet drink;
mushroom poisoning. According to the dietary recommendations of pediatricians, mushrooms are prohibited for children under 12 years of age. But many parents begin to feed their offspring with them early age. The child's digestive system cannot digest mushroom proteins. A baby can be poisoned even by edible high-quality mushrooms;
the child’s failure to comply with basic personal hygiene. Through dirty hands he can become infected with an intestinal infection.

Who treats childhood poisonings?

Treatment of a poisoned child must be carried out by doctors. When the first signs of poisoning appear, you should call an ambulance or take the baby to the hospital yourself.

Remember that treating a child on your own is dangerous and pointless. In children, poisoning is accompanied by severe intoxication and dehydration. Such conditions are treated exclusively by doctors.

You can provide your baby with first aid, which will help his condition improve slightly. It should begin immediately when the disease develops.

Basics of first aid for childhood poisoning

What to give to a child in case of poisoning and vomiting before the ambulance arrives? Please note that at this stage it is very important not to harm the baby with your attempts to save him. Below is a description of what medications you can give your baby in case of food poisoning and how to help your child while waiting for doctors.

Rest and routine

Provide your baby with peace. Don’t panic, and especially don’t scold him if he is to blame for the development of the disease. Put the child in bed, open a window in the room to get fresh air.

Don't try to feed the baby. Diet food will be prescribed by a doctor after first aid.

Gastric lavage

Cleansing the stomach will help remove the remains of poor-quality food, bacteria and toxins from it. With its help, you can prevent the deterioration of the patient's condition.

If your child is over 5 years old, perform a self-gastric lavage. To do this, let him drink several glasses of plain water in one gulp and try to provoke him to vomit.

Remember that rinsing the stomach is prohibited in case of poisoning with acids, alkalis, or when bloody vomiting occurs.

Enema

Cleansing the intestines will help remove pathogenic microorganisms and toxins, will reduce intoxication. The enema should be done using plain boiled water. Its temperature should be room temperature. The enema is done with clean intestinal rinses. Adding any medications or herbal decoctions to an enema is prohibited at home.

Sorbents

Sorbents are medications that can be taken before doctors arrive. Their dosage can be calculated according to the weight or age of the child. For example, a 4-year-old child weighs about 20 kg. 1 tablet of Activated Carbon is designed for 10 kg, and a baby weighing 20 kg should be given two tablets.

Please note that the dosage of sorbents with different names differs from each other. Before giving them to your baby, read the instructions carefully. It is also necessary to check the expiration date of medications. Expired tablets can lead to poisoning.

List of sorbent names:

Activated carbon;
enterosgel;
sorbex;
smecta;
atoxyl.

Drink plenty of fluids

What can a poisoned child drink? Before the doctors arrive, you can give your child mineral or alkaline water without gases. Hot and cold drinks are contraindicated.

What to do if a child drinks acid or alkali

In case of such poisoning, you should not rinse the stomach or induce vomiting in the baby. Gastric lavage is performed by doctors through a tube. This is the only way to safely get rid of the chemical without causing repeated burns to the esophageal mucosa and oral cavity.

Before the doctors arrive, give your baby some plain water to drink, put him in bed and put ice on his stomach.

Remember that you should not try to neutralize the contents of the stomach. Many people believe that if you are poisoned by acid, you just need to drink alkali. During the neutralization reaction, a large amount of gases are formed that can rupture the stomach from the inside.

Medical treatment

Doctors, upon arriving at a call, will examine the sick child, collect anamnesis and begin providing first aid. It consists of:

gastric lavage through a tube (if there are contraindications to regular gastric cleansing);
connecting a dropper with solutions to eliminate dehydration and reduce intoxication;
if gastrointestinal bleeding develops, drugs are administered to stop it;
administration of antiemetic drugs (osetron, cerucal) helps relieve vomiting.

A poisoned child may be hospitalized in an infectious disease, intensive care, or toxicology department. It depends on the substance with which the baby was poisoned.

Treatment in a hospital begins in the first minutes of hospitalization. It consists of:

administration of antidotes (if they exist for the substance that poisoned the patient);
hemodialysis - blood purification. It is carried out in case of poisoning with drugs, mushrooms;
antibiotic therapy, which is indicated for intestinal infections;
copious IV drips to treat dehydration;
enzymes - drugs that improve digestion;
antispasmodics, which are used to relieve abdominal pain;
dietary nutrition.

The duration of treatment in a hospital depends on the condition of the child, the etiology of poisoning and the timeliness of seeking medical help.

Prevention of childhood poisoning

Childhood poisoning is much easier to prevent than to treat. This is not difficult to do. Below we have put together recommendations for you that will help you protect your child from this disease.

Buy food only from official markets or certified stores. You cannot be sure of the quality of food purchased at spontaneous markets or secondhand.
Always check the manufacturing date when purchasing products and inspect them appearance, packaging integrity.
Teach your child to wash his hands before each meal and after returning from the street. Make sure he doesn't lick his hands or bite his nails.
Try not to buy processed foods or ready meals. The healthiest and safest food is the one you prepare yourself from fresh ingredients with clean hands.
Do not give children mushrooms, smoked meats, canned food, or sausages. These products are not intended for baby food.
Wash all fruits and vegetables thoroughly and use baking soda to clean dishes.
Hide all medicines and household chemicals from children.

Self-medication of childhood poisoning is very dangerous. As soon as the first signs of this disease appear, you should seek medical help. Before the doctors arrive, you can perform a gastric lavage, do an enema, and give your baby sorbents and drinks. Further treatment is carried out by emergency and hospital doctors. Its volume and duration depend on the toxic substance and the patient’s condition.

otravlenye.ru

Review of safe medications for poisoning in children of different ages

Poisoning a child is a situation that requires immediate response. Parents often doubt what anti-poisoning medicine can be used for children so as not to harm the young body. It is important to understand the specifics of treating intoxication in children.

Rules for drug treatment of children

Treatment of poisoning in children at home is possible only in the absence of serious disorders and danger to life. Parents cannot independently assess the baby’s condition; seeing a doctor is mandatory.

The task of adults when a child is poisoned is to provide proper first aid:

call a doctor or visit a medical facility;
interrupt contact of a small family member with a toxic substance;
ensure rest and bed rest;
organize a flow of fresh air;
perform gastric lavage (in certain cases);
use approved medications to provide first emergency aid.

Not all “adult” anti-poisoning medications are suitable for children; before using medications, you should consult a specialist or carefully study the instructions for use.

Review of approved medications for childhood intoxication

From the variety of means for removing toxins from the body available in the pharmacy, it is important to choose effective and suitable for the child’s body.

Enterofuril

A drug based on nifuroxazide. Available in two types - capsules and suspension. A strong antidiarrheal agent. Studies show that Enterofuril does not affect beneficial bacteria. Babies from 1 to 7 months are prescribed 1/2 measuring spoon of the drug 3 times a day. Up to 2 years – 1/2 measuring spoon 4 times a day. Patients aged two years and older can take 1 scoop three times a day, after 7 years - 1 scoop in each of four doses.

Polysorb

Refers to a new generation of enterosorbents. The drug can be given to children from birth. Conducts detoxification and fights pathogenic microorganisms. Polysorb begins to act 2-4 minutes after use. If a child is poisoned, polysorb is dissolved in ¼ or ½ glass of water before use. The required amount of the drug is calculated based on the patient's weight.

Regidron

A product containing sodium chloride, sodium citrate, glucose. Helps restore the body's natural acid-base balance, disturbed by vomiting or diarrhea. Glucose absorbs salts and citrates. Regidron replenishes potassium deficiency in case of child poisoning and, due to low osmolarity, prevents the development of hypernatremia. The contents of 1 package are dissolved in 1 liter of warm boiled water. After cooling, Regidron is drunk in small sips over several approaches.

Bifidumbacterin

Powder for the preparation of a solution for oral use, containing at least 10 7 bifidobacteria. Bifidumbacterin is intended for restoration normal microflora intestines after poisoning as a result of exposure to pathogenic bacteria and antibiotics. Bifidum is prepared for administration in a ratio of 1 tsp. water (warm boiled) for 1 dose of medicine. For disorders, children under 6 months are prescribed 5 doses twice a day.

Hilak forte

A solution containing metabolic products of Escherichia and lactobacilli. 1 milliliter of Hilak forte is 25-30 drops. When stored in Hilak Fort solution, brown particles may form, which is normal. Antimicrobial drug is aimed at treating diarrhea and restoring the electrolyte balance of the body, helping to normalize the intestinal microflora. The drug should not be taken without first diluting it with liquid. Daily dosage: 25-40 drops in one dose, 3 doses in total.

Enterosgel

Enterosgel absorbent is available as a paste for oral administration. The active substance is methyl silicic acid hydrogel. Enterosgel effectively absorbs toxic substances and quickly removes them from the body. Children from birth to 5 years of age are prescribed a single dose of Enterosgel - 5 g of the drug - three times a day. A twofold increase - up to 10 g at a time - is acceptable for patients aged 5 to 14 years.

Lactofiltrum

Vegetable absorbent for children, saturated with hydrolytic lignin and lactulose. Effective against intoxication varying degrees. Lactofiltrum removes poisons, adsorbs waste products of pathogenic microorganisms, heavy metals, endo- and exotoxins. Has immune stimulating properties. Medicinal form release - tablets. Babies from 1 to 3 years old are given half a tablet of Filtrum three times a day. Older children (from 3 to 7 years old) are prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day, and teenagers from 7 to 12 years old - three doses of 1-2 tablets.

Features of the treatment of poisoning in children of different ages

The procedures and medications that make up the treatment of poisoning in children depend on the degree of development of the body and the recommended restrictions on the use of drugs.

Children 1-2 years old

They can get poisoned quite often, since the body, which is not fully formed, is not able to resist toxins with the intensity of adult systems and organs.

It is permissible to use:

Mezim Forte. Effective for food poisoning and indigestion. Prescribe half a tablet 2-3 per day.
Smecta. An effective antidiarrheal agent. Available as powder for dilution. Children are allowed to give 2-3 sachets per day, diluting the powder in liquid.
Nifuroxazide (syrup). The drug is used in the treatment of infectious poisoning. Quickly copes with symptoms of intoxication, including diarrhea.
Motilium (children's suspension). Use as soon as the baby begins to feel sick. Used to stop vomiting, eliminate heaviness in the stomach and intestines, and bloating. Dosage – 5 ml of the drug three times a day.
Enterol. Powder for preparing solutions. It has antidiarrheal properties, restores intestinal microflora, and increases the body's immune defense. Drink 1 sachet 2-3 times a day, depending on the severity of symptoms.

Children 3-5 years old

Several “more adult” medications are added to the medications approved for children.

Papaverine can be used at a rate of 0.7-1 mg per 1 kg of weight. An effective antispasmodic effect is important for nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Eliminates abdominal pain and improves general state in case of poisoning, used for detox.

White coal is a silicon-containing adsorbent. Helps bind and remove toxic components from the baby's body. Serves as first aid for poisoning. Children over 3 years old can be given 2 tablets three times a day.

Children 6-10 years old

The arsenal for treating this age category is quite extensive, its content is close to adult first aid kit. All previously listed medications are relevant for child poisoning.

Furazolidone. Detoxifying antibacterial agent. Available in the form of green-yellow tablets. An immunostimulating agent, it is prescribed for dysentery, paratyphoid fever, toxic food infections, enterocolitis. This pharmacological form is indicated for children over 8 years of age.

Pancreatin. Tablets in blister Pink colour. Refers to drugs that improve digestion. Relevant for minor poisoning, saturates the intestines with necessary enzymes, eliminates symptoms of disorders - bloating, abdominal pain, flatulence, a feeling of heaviness. Use 1-2 tablets during meals or after stopping feeding the baby.

Activated carbon. A drug that is used as a first aid remedy for poisoning. Carbon-based sorbents are used for children with poisoning as a means of gastric lavage. Binds and removes toxins from the body. The sorbent is relevant for various types of intoxication. The drug is not recommended for use by children under 6 years of age; it has a strong cleansing effect.

When to see a doctor

Seeing a doctor is a mandatory step in case of poisoning in children, regardless of the severity of the condition. There are situations in which independent intervention is unacceptable, and the baby needs emergency medical care:

if a baby is poisoned;
there is severe vomiting or diarrhea;
blood is visible in the stool or vomit;
the baby has a fever;
other severe symptoms are present (dermatitis, disorientation);
the baby is unconscious;
there are suspicions of poisoning with acid, alkali, medications, toxic vapors or gases;
the patient's condition is rapidly deteriorating.

In certain cases, treatment with home methods is pointless and can aggravate the patient’s condition and lead to irreversible consequences. Parents should understand that the use of folk remedies is unacceptable, and attempts to treat their child on their own are dangerous for his life.

With the exception of first aid, other therapeutic measures are permissible only after a diagnostic study has been carried out to identify the causes of intoxication. Can only be given with the approval of a doctor medications or any other therapy.

Contraindications to the use of drugs

Information about contraindications to the use of individual medications is contained in the instruction leaflet. The main part of the prohibitions on taking detoxifying drugs are individual intolerance to components, allergies, age restrictions, and acute diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Before using any medications, you should consult your pediatrician.

Poisoning of children is a situation in which urgent intervention is necessary. The sooner you see a doctor, the sooner the topical treatment, and therefore the rehabilitation process.

toxicos.ru

SOS situation: what to give a child in case of poisoning and vomiting to alleviate the condition

The baby suddenly began to cry pitifully, pointing to his stomach. Most likely, he ate something wrong. What to do in this situation? Perhaps the reason is rotavirus infection. Calm down, you need to figure it out and start acting.

How to determine the presence of food poisoning in a child, how to treat it - what should be given from the medicine in the home medicine cabinet in order to help cope with the disease, should a child be fed and watered if he has a toxic infection? Let's sort it all out!

Temperature surges. From 37 and 5 to 39 degrees;
Symptoms of ARVI may appear, such as a runny nose, even a cough;
General malaise: weakness, lethargy;
Diarrhea. The child has frequent bowel movements, up to 10 times a day;
Vomit;
Anxiety;
Refusal to eat;
Change in urine color. It becomes dark, with a pungent odor;
The mucous membranes of the eyes are affected: they turn red and often itch.

When infected, not only the stomach, but also other organs are affected. Pay attention to your household. If, after a while, the disease “decimated” the rest of the family members, then there is no doubt – it is rotavirus.

Abdominal pain. May be aching, dull or sharp;
Temperature increase;
Decreased appetite;
The patient initially feels very nauseous. It all ends with vomiting;
Chills, cold sweat.

If poisoning is caused by heavy metals, poisons or unknown substances, then the following signs are observed:

Loss of consciousness;
Visual or auditory hallucinations;
Severe drooling;
Disturbance in the functioning of the nervous system.

to contents

Both pathological conditions symptoms are similar. It is very difficult to distinguish whether a child has rotavirus or poisoning. However, there are still differences:

to contents

In children, especially in the first two years of life, poisoning (toxic infection) is more severe than in adults. This is due to an imperfectly developed gastrointestinal tract. If this happens, you need to call a pediatrician at home.

The reasons are poor quality food, unboiled water, poorly processed food, infected fruits and vegetables.

Cases when you immediately need to call an ambulance:

Poisoning in a newborn and a child under two years of age;
Vomiting and diarrhea do not stop, despite the measures taken;
Loss of consciousness;
Bloody stools;
Lack of consciousness, dizziness.

Important! Babies quickly become dehydrated. Its signs: absence of urination for more than 8 hours, weight loss, constant vomiting, retraction of the fontanel, bluish tint skin. Without hesitation, dial 03.

Before the doctor arrives, try to calm the baby down, preferably put him to bed. The scheme is simple: “no” to food, “yes” to water.

If he doesn’t drink, take a syringe without a needle, fill it with filtered water and inject the contents into the throat. Your task is to give him something to drink and wash out his stomach. How to rinse a child’s stomach in case of poisoning? Clean water can be done saline solution: a glass of water with three tablespoons of salt.

Is it possible to give coal to children if they are poisoned? Yes, at a dosage of 50 mg per 1 kg of weight.

If a child is poisoned, it is necessary to do an enema! Take a small pear, 60 ml of cool water for a child aged 1 year. The older you are, the amount of water is added per 100 ml.

The pediatrician, after examining the little patient, will prescribe medications depending on the condition. Usually these are antiemetic drugs and sorbents. In severe cases, he will issue a referral to a hospital.

Smecta dosage regimen for poisoning in children under one year of age and older:

1-2 sachets for the whole day. Distribute into 5 doses. Dilute the substance in 50 ml of water and take a little bit throughout the day.
From two years and older – 4 sachets for the whole day. Stir thoroughly.

Side effects are rare. And there are practically no contraindications.

"Polysorb" is given depending on weight. For newborns weighing up to 5 kg - half a teaspoon per 50 ml of water. 10-12 kg – a teaspoon of sorbent per 60 ml of water. And so on.

Absorbent Enterosgel in case of poisoning of a child is allowed from 3 years of age. Take a teaspoon three times in 24 hours. For children over five years old, take a spoon as for adults.

When gastrointestinal damage is severe, the dose can be increased. Well tolerated by all categories of patients.

Phosphalugel - minimizes acidity in the stomach and also has a sorbing property, that is, it binds pathogenic microorganisms, toxins and bacteria. In case of poisoning, phosphalugel can be given to children from birth:

From 1 month to 6: 4 grams (this is a quarter of a bag) 5 times a day after meals;
From six months to 6 years: 8 grams of the substance (2 teaspoons) 3 times a day;
From 6 to 12 years: a whole sachet three times a day;
Over 12 years of age: two packets three times a day.

It should not be prescribed for kidney disease, liver disease or hypersensitivity to its components.

Antiemetics include Motilium. Its action normalizes the activity of the gastrointestinal tract, stops vomiting reflex. Helps with flatulence. Approved for use even by infants. But the doctor selects the dosage to avoid unwanted reactions.

Motilium in case of poisoning to a child is not infancy usually prescribed in a dosage of 2.5 mg suspension per 10 kg of body weight. There is a convenient measuring syringe where the kilograms and the required dose are indicated.

Do not take the medicine if you suspect bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.

"Enterofuril" for poisoning in a child infancy you need to buy it in suspension. Its dosage:

From one month to six months: 2.5 ml 3 times a day every 6 hours;
From 7 months to two years: also 2.5 ml, up to 4 times a day. Time period 6 -7 hours;
Starting from the age of three, give 5 ml 3-4 times a day, maintaining a difference of 6 hours.

Remember to shake the medicine bottle before use. As a rule, after one day of use, diarrhea begins to decrease and soon disappears.

Fructose intolerance and prematurity are a reason to refuse to use the product.

"Regidron" in case of poisoning of a child is protection against the consequences of dehydration. Has no age restrictions. The sachet is diluted in a liter of water and given to the patient every 15 minutes, a tablespoon. Or after an episode of vomiting. However, not immediately, but after 10 minutes. Otherwise everything will vomit back.

Sorbents can be combined with antibiotics and antiemetics.

Regular strong tea will help with an upset stomach. Don't take bags, it's better to take sheets.

Also take a little dry rose hips, cook for a few minutes over low heat and give a hundred gram glass to the patient. About 4 times a day. The well-known rice water also helps well.

If there is nothing at hand, then the calculation formula is as follows: 15 mg per weight. The maximum dose per day is no more than 300 mg.

Antibiotics have to be taken in dangerous cases, such as salmonellosis, dysentery or staphylococcus. But before making such a diagnosis, it should be confirmed laboratory research. Then they prescribe: “Cefix”, “Furazolidone” and so on.

The dosage is determined only by the doctor due to the high risk of complications and adverse reactions. Along with antibiotics, they usually drink Linex and its analogues to restore the intestinal microflora.

"Cefekon-D" 100 or 200 mg;
"Panadol";
"Nurofen".

"Cefekon" in suppositories is allowed for infants from the first days of life. Nurofen too. Both drugs are combined in this way: paracetamol is given. If it does not help within an hour, then you can safely use ibuprofen.

If the temperature is above 39 degrees for children over one year old, they resort to the so-called “lytic”: a quarter of analgin, diphenhydramine, paracetamol is mixed and given to the baby. As a rule, the gift subsides after 20 minutes.

When a child feels relief after poisoning, how many days does the horror of toxic infection last? Usually, in mild cases, not four days. The main thing is not to get confused and get proper treatment.

Necessary:

Give plenty of water;
Wash food thoroughly;
Feed only fresh and high-quality food;
Monitor the expiration date of products;
Always have the necessary medications in your first aid kit.

For a few more days after all the symptoms have subsided, the baby should be kept on a diet. Boil dairy-free porridge, include crackers and strong tea in your diet. A nursing mother should limit her food intake, and buy a lactose-free, hypoallergenic formula for a formula-fed baby.

Protect yourself and children from food poisoning. Be healthy!

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