Is it possible to have surgery with a fever? Anesthesia for colds - is it possible? Video: rehabilitation process after surgery
Sometimes it happens that an operation under anesthesia is planned for the next day, and today a runny nose suddenly appears. What do doctors do in such cases, and is it necessary to notify them about this?
Let's figure out what a runny nose means. This is a sign of a cold (flu or rhinovirus infection) or acute sinusitis, or exacerbation of chronic sinusitis. A runny nose can also be due to adenoids and allergies. In any case, this is a violation of nasal breathing, which also affects the nasopharynx, and often the larynx and trachea.
Therefore, in medicine there is a rule: any planned operation for a runny nose is postponed until it is completely cured, in order to avoid respiratory system. And hide a runny nose from the doctor, “masking” it vasoconstrictor drops in order not to postpone the operation, in no case should it be done.
However, if an operation under anesthesia is necessary urgently, that is, for health reasons, then, as they say, a runny nose does not count, and the lesser of two evils is chosen.
Attention! The information on the site is presented by specialists, but is for informational purposes only and cannot be used for self-treatment. Be sure to consult your doctor!
Temperature after surgery - is this normal? This question may arise in any patient who has undergone surgical intervention. The results of thermometry, that is, measuring body temperature, are the data on which the doctor relies when assessing the patient’s condition over time. High numbers indicate the occurrence of fever, but additional examination is required to establish the exact cause. An increase in temperature after surgery is a nonspecific symptom that occurs in a variety of conditions, not all of which can be called a disease.
Postoperative fever is considered to be an increase in temperature above 38.5 °C, which is recorded at least 2 times during the first 24 hours after completion of the operation.
However, with the development of postoperative complications, body temperature can be subfebrile - this depends on the type of pathology, age and condition of the patient, and a number of additional factors. Therefore, other criteria for determining fever are used - an increase in temperature of more than 37.2 °C in the morning and more than 37.7 °C in the evening.
Temperature after surgery in a child or adult may be due to:
In some cases, fever is explained by immune disorders, the development of a rejection reaction after transplantation, the presence of a neoplasm, and exacerbation of chronic concomitant diseases. An increase in temperature combined with a decrease blood pressure characteristic of acute adrenal insufficiency.
In the first hours after surgery on the stomach or other organ, the temperature may rise due to trembling. Severe trembling occurs as a compensatory reaction if, during surgery, the body experiences heat loss (intraoperative hypothermia) due to low temperature in the operating room, administration of anesthetics, transfusion of solutions and use of respiratory mixtures that were not sufficiently warmed. The temperature reaches 38–39 °C and returns to normal after the shaking stops.
Temperature within 37.1–37.4 °C after abdominal and chest cavity may persist for several days. If the patient feels satisfactory, there are no pathological changes in the area of the surgical wound, there is no reason to think about infection or other complication.
Fever is usually accompanied by:
Increased blood pressure and tachycardia (increased heart rate) are classic symptoms of a temperature reaction.
In some diseases they are absent, but the opposite phenomenon may occur – bradycardia.
Infection is one of the most common causes of fever after knee surgery or other surgery. To the group of frequently encountered infectious complications include:
According to clinical observations, the assumption of infection is more correct the later the fever appears.
In the first hours after lung surgery, the temperature is non-infectious origin, but if a febrile reaction occurs on the second day and beyond, it is necessary to include infectious pathology in the diagnostic search.
The likelihood of developing complications largely depends on the degree of bacterial contamination of the wound.
Temperature after abdominal surgery for appendicitis is observed, as a rule, with delayed intervention and the presence of peritonitis. If the lumen of the digestive, respiratory and urinary tract is opened, the wound is considered conditionally contaminated, the risk of purulent infection increases by 5–10% compared to a clean wound surface (during prosthetics, hernia repair). Open fractures and fecal peritonitis belong to the group of contaminated wounds, in which infection is observed in almost 50% of cases.
In addition to wound infection, complications may be caused by artificial ventilation lungs (pneumonia), using a urethral catheter (cystitis), venous access (thrombophlebitis). Temperature after removal surgery gallbladder above 38.5 °C should suggest a possible purulent infection (liver abscess, subphrenic abscess, peritonitis). List of probable infectious diseases, one way or another related to surgical intervention, is quite wide. It is necessary to assume infection if there is elevated temperature after surgery, pain, redness and swelling in the area of the surgical wound, the presence of purulent discharge.
It is necessary to pay attention not only to the presence of fever.
It is important to evaluate its duration, time of occurrence, the presence of sharp drops and rises in temperature, as well as symptoms indicating the location of the lesion.
For example, if the temperature after heart surgery is combined with weakness, chills and the appearance of heart murmurs, there is reason to suspect infective endocarditis.
The basis of treatment is antibacterial therapy. If infection is associated with a urethral or venous catheter, it must be removed. When a purulent focus (abscess, phlegmon) forms, surgical intervention is required.
During anesthesia, the activity of the blood coagulation system increases and blood flow slows down. Phlebothrombosis is a likely complication general anesthesia with the use of muscle relaxants, it is more often observed in patients over 40 years of age. The risk of blood clots in the veins increases with a large volume of surgery, duration of surgical intervention over 4 hours, obesity, varicose veins lower limbs. A symptom of thrombosis may be fever after surgery to remove a tumor.
Clinical manifestations of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities:
Patients require bed rest, elevated positioning, and elastic bandaging of the limb. Anticoagulants (fraxiparin, heparin, phenylin) and antiplatelet agents (chirantil, trental) are prescribed. Thrombolysis (dissolution of a blood clot by administering streptokinase, streptase) is used according to strict indications due to the risk of bleeding. Removal of a blood clot can also be done surgically.
Thyrotoxic crisis
One of the most likely endocrine disorders in the postoperative period there is a thyrotoxic crisis - a condition caused by sharp increase hormone levels thyroid gland in blood.
Occurs in patients with diffuse toxic goiter in case of untimely detection of pathology and/or lack of adequate therapy. During surgery, the body experiences stress associated with anesthesia and surgery - this is a trigger for the development of thyrotoxic crisis. The following symptoms are observed:
High temperature after surgery on the thyroid gland, intestines and other organs, which is a manifestation of thyrotoxic crisis, is an indication for emergency medical care. Thyreostatic drugs (mercazolyl), beta blockers (anaprilin, propranolol), glucocorticosteroids (prednisolone), and infusion therapy are used.
Complications after ARVI
Acute viral infections, better known under the general name ARVI, are perceived by the majority of the population as a mild cold. This is a delusion for which you can pay with your own health and the health of loved ones. Only a few sick people take treatment seriously and adhere to bed rest. As a rule, carriers of a viral infection sneeze on their colleagues, sick children continue to go to schools and kindergartens, having taken antipyretic drugs at home.
With such short-sightedness and frivolity, you risk developing complications of ARVI, which will have to be treated in a hospital ward. So the banal phrase “health is no joke” turns out to be a truism in life.
Complications after a viral infection in acute form People in the following categories are especially susceptible:
- elderly people;
— people with chronic diseases;
- people with reduced immunity.
People from these risk groups will require special care and attention.
A sore point - a healthy approach
Responsible parents should know what consequences of ARVI in children can arise if the child is not promptly and completely put on his feet during the primary illness. Self-medication of children is unacceptable, because there are many types of viral infections. Timely qualified assistance from a pediatrician is required.
Pregnant women need to be especially careful about their health, because the health of the unborn baby depends on it. You should immediately contact specialists for help, without waiting for complications after ARVI.
Classification of complications after ARVI
All possible complications after ARVI can be divided into three groups - according to the frequency of manifestation.
An untreated viral disease can develop into a bacterial infection, which is already considered a complication. Bacterial infection can develop in the bronchi, causing bronchitis, and in the lungs, causing bacterial pneumonia.
The following symptoms indicate a complication:
- the temperature has risen again,
— feverish state a week after the initial illness,
2. Complications of the ears, nose and throat
The most common complications in adults due to advanced ARVI is tonsillitis. Based on its symptoms, it can be mistaken for ARVI, but it is physically impossible to endure it “on your feet.” Angina manifests itself in the following:
— heat body 38-39°C;
- unbearable pain in the throat to the point of inability to swallow and eat;
- weakness of the whole body;
- suppuration on the tonsils;
- bright red color of the throat, tonsils.
Sore throat must be treated comprehensively, without waiting for further deterioration of the condition. You may have to rely on antibiotics to save full life.
Other complications of acute respiratory viral infections from this group of diseases include inflammation of the ear (otitis media), inflammation maxillary sinus(sinusitis), upper respiratory tract diseases (rhinitis), inflammation of the paranasal sinuses (sinusitis). Each of the listed diseases superficial treatment threatens to go to chronic form.
The second group of complications (except for sore throat) is most typical for childhood, although it can also occur in adults.
These complications are treated with antibacterial and local therapy. The throat should be gargled 3-4 times a day antiseptic drugs, and also take antibiotics for at least 5 days. If you have a strong fever, your doctor will prescribe an antipyretic. It is advisable that the patient, especially if it is a child, is monitored and medication is not missed.
In addition to antibiotics, inflammatory diseases of the nose are treated by rinsing the sinuses, and nasal drops are prescribed to ease breathing. Bed rest must be observed strictly if you value your life.
3. Complications on the nervous system
This type of complication is the most unpleasant, since it deprives a person of freedom of movement, makes him irritable and, sometimes, incapacitated. Mainly dangerous for older people in the form of rheumatism, radiculitis, neuralgic diseases, myositis.
For example, arachnoiditis is an inflammation of the arachnoid membrane of the brain. A person is plagued by prolonged headaches (migraines), dizziness, nausea, and spots may appear in the eyes. Vision and hearing can be seriously and permanently weakened, and intracranial pressure periodically increases.
Much less often, but as complications after viral infections, it happens to observe cardiovascular diseases (myocarditis), as well as kidney and liver diseases. These complications, without proper treatment, are also dangerous in chronic forms.
Prudence instead of complications
Having in front of me full list possible complications after suffering from acute respiratory viral infections, you will probably want to treat the primary infection in a timely manner. Continue to work, contact people, being a peddler dangerous infection, at the very least, unreasonable.
WITH special attention It is worth considering the health of young children and elderly people weakened by chronic diseases. Be vigilant and get treated promptly. Good health provides a full life. Do you need extra complications in the form of complications? Be reasonable!
Complications after acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections and influenza
The modern rhythm of life increasingly forces us to suffer from flu and colds on our feet. That is why doctors are increasingly being consulted not for ARVI or influenza itself, but for their complications. They develop for two main reasons:
With proper treatment and rest during illness, influenza and ARVI usually go away within a week. If this does not happen, then complications arise: the symptoms of the disease become chronic. The disease can also spread from the respiratory system to the eyes and ears and cause hearing and vision impairment.
The most common complications after acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections:
Bronchitis is a disease accompanied by inflammation of the bronchi, primarily affecting the mucous membrane. Its occurrence is indicated by an increase in temperature to 37-38°C and a strong tearing cough after an acute respiratory infection, which gets worse in the morning. Also symptoms of bronchitis are: chills, difficulty breathing, weakness, chest pain.
Pharyngitis - a disease that causes inflammation of the lining of the throat. Main symptoms: dry mouth, difficulty swallowing (most often after salivation), temperature does not rise above 37.5°C.
Laryngitis - inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa. Accompanied by a sore throat, which most often turns into a dry cough. When laryngitis occurs sharp pain in the throat, hoarseness, noisy breathing, and in some cases, loss of voice may occur.
Tracheitis - affects the mucous membrane of the trachea. It is expressed by a severe cough, worsening in the morning.
Rhinitis - disease, inflammatory nasal mucosa. Characterized by the following symptoms: heavy discharge from the nose, runny nose, redness and pain in the eyes, headache.
Pneumonia (pneumonia) is the most severe and common complication after influenza and acute respiratory infections. It occurs suddenly: you begin to feel that you are recovering from the flu, when suddenly your temperature rises sharply to 39-40°C. The disease develops quickly and is extremely difficult. Among the main symptoms: dry or wet cough with blood, pain in the chest, increased breathing, shortness of breath, rapid pulse and heartbeat, blue lips, chills, high fever.
Tonsillitis - tonsillitis. It manifests itself as enlarged tonsils, difficulty swallowing, and stomach pain. One of the most frequent complications in children.
Sinusitis - affects one or more paranasal sinuses, causing inflammation. Most often occurs if the disease is severe. Symptoms: difficulty breathing, severe headaches, loss of smell, purulent discharge from the nose, swelling in the cheek area. This complication may not occur immediately, but several days or weeks after the underlying illness.
Otitis - inflammation in the ear cavity. Manifested by the appearance severe pain in one or both ears, hearing loss, fever. It is a complication of the ears after a cold.
Exacerbation of chronic diseases
Exacerbation chronic diseases: asthma, cardiovascular, rheumatism, diabetes, etc.
Central nervous system infections
Infections of the central nervous system- radiculitis, neuralgia, polyneuritis, meningitis and arachnoiditis. They develop on the seventh day of the flu, when you feel better and return to your normal lifestyle.
- Symptoms of arachnoiditis: headache, ripples in the eyes, pain in the forehead and bridge of the nose, nausea, dizziness. Often these symptoms can be confused with the flu itself or an acute respiratory infection. The disease affects cerebrospinal fluid, which can lead to sepsis and purulent infection.
- Symptoms of meningitis: increasing bursting headache on days 5-7 of illness, nausea, vomiting, photophobia.
- Guillain-Barre syndrome- kidney dysfunction. It begins with numbness in the legs and arms, accompanied by goosebumps. After a couple of days, weakness in the arms and legs develops, and the person stops moving. This complication can lead to paralysis of the peripheral muscles of the limbs. Only resuscitation and gradual removal of plasma from the blood can help in this situation.
- Complications after acute respiratory infections and acute respiratory viral infections from the cardiovascular system - myocarditis or pericarditis. They manifest themselves as persistent chest pain, shortness of breath, and rapid heartbeat. These diseases can lead to heart failure and blood clots in the heart. Therefore, it requires immediate hospitalization.
- One of the most powerful Saints who help in the field of health is St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. You can pray to him when you have the most harmless disease, such as acute respiratory infections, and also when the disease is very serious, such as cancer.
- It is useful to keep an icon with the image in your home, and it would also not be amiss to bring an icon with the Wonderworker to the patient’s room. so that the Heavenly Forces do not leave him there either.
- And you can buy an icon with the image of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in any church in your city. You can also make it yourself. for example, embroider, but such an icon will have to be consecrated in the church.
- You need to pray to Nicholas the Wonderworker every day, starting from the day you learned about the disease. It is necessary not to stop even after defeating the disease in order to have good health. On the day of surgery, you can read the prayer all day long, without even stopping. If you have to undergo surgery, you can trust reading a prayer to family and friends.
- After the operation, you can pray on your own and you need to do this daily. Every morning and every evening you need to send a prayer appeal to St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and he will certainly strengthen your health.
- During prayer, look at the icon with the image of the Wonderworker and read the prayer. It is best to learn it by heart so as not to take your eyes off the face of St. Nicholas. This is necessary so that you concentrate on prayer and do not lose the invisible connection with the Holy One.
- You can compose a prayer yourself. Include these words in it. which you deem necessary.
- This is what a prayer might sound like: “Nicholas the Wonderworker, our dear intercessor and protector. Thank you for helping the doctors perform my operation, which was successful. Help me improve my health and live in this world for as many years as possible. Protect me from dangers that could destroy me and my health. Give me the strength to fight any enemies and their evil deeds that will be directed in my direction. Let him into my house only good people who will not bring evil with them. Let me be healthy so that I can give my children everything they need to live, because they cannot cope without me. Amen!"
- cryodestruction(the hemorrhoid is destroyed with liquid nitrogen);
- sclerotherapy(the lump is reduced due to the introduction of sclerosant, which glues blood vessels);
- photo and laser coagulation (treatment occurs by exposing the affected areas to infrared or laser radiation, as a result of which the tissues coagulate and the nodule dies);
- ligation of nodes with latex rings(“the stem” of hemorrhoidal nodules is tightened with a special ligature, after which they fall off);
- disarterization(cessation of blood supply to the nodules due to ligation of arterial vessels).
- age;
- type of disease operated on (external, internal, combined);
- the presence of other intestinal pathologies;
- presence of chronic diseases;
- the occurrence of complications with hemorrhoids.
- to stop bleeding, use Relief suppositories and ointments, ice suppositories or ice compresses;
- for inflammatory processes in the rectum or anorectal area, the drugs Proctosedyl M, Relief Ultra, Procto-Glivenol are used;
- wound-healing agents are Posterizan, Propolis DN, Methiluarcil;
- in case of severe pain, local painkillers are prescribed (Anestezol suppositories, suppositories with novocaine, belladonna, Bezornil ointment) and systemic medications - Nise, Diclofenac, Pentalgin;
Meningitis and arachnoiditis can only be treated in a hospital and require immediate hospitalization.
Preventing colds and flu with Forcys
Timely and correct treatment of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections and influenza, as well as their prevention, will help to avoid the occurrence of these complications. Helps prevent the development of diseases natural remedy Forcis. The drug based on cistus sage prevents the entry of viruses and bacteria through the main gates of infection - the oral cavity and nose. When Forcys tablets are absorbed, polyphenols are released, which envelop the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose, preventing the disease from entering the body. It is recommended to dissolve Forcis before each visit to potential sites of infection.
Prayer after surgery for recovery
Those who have recently undergone surgery will definitely benefit from prayer after surgery for recovery. It will help you get back on your feet faster and improve your health so that surgery is no longer required.
Who should I pray for recovery?
How to pray correctly?
What kind of prayer can be read?
From now on, you know what kind of prayer helps with recovery after surgery.
Hemorrhoids after surgery: recovery rules and possible complications
Surgical intervention - radical treatment enlarged hemorrhoids. But this is only the beginning, since after removal of cavernous formations there will be recovery period, taking from several days to several months, depending on the type of operation.
However, the method surgical removal nodes only determines the duration of certain procedures required for full recovery. The recommendations themselves after surgery to remove hemorrhoids are general and are suitable for all patients.
Their implementation is also mandatory, since ignoring the doctor’s advice can end quite disastrously.
How long does the rehabilitation period last?
The duration of the recovery period largely depends on the type of surgical intervention. Methods for removing hemorrhoids can be divided into two large groups: innovative minimally invasive and traditional surgical techniques.
The most common minimally invasive techniques include:
Similar techniques are recommended for early stages pathological process, when the nodes are not yet too enlarged. If treatment varicose veins If hemorrhoidal veins were removed using minimally invasive methods, recovery will take only a few days.
Advanced hemorrhoids require the appointment of more serious surgical intervention. The most common surgical techniques for excision of hemorrhoids:
Excision of hemorrhoids surgically carried out after special preparation in inpatient conditions. The type of general anesthesia is selected by the attending doctor after examining the patient and passing all tests.
Treatment of the disease using the Longo technique is considered more gentle, so recovery after this operation of hemorrhoids takes approximately 3 days. Open hemorrhoidectomy is considered the most difficult for the body, since the recovery time is up to 5 weeks.
Treatment of operated hemorrhoids
In order for recovery after hemorrhoid removal to go smoothly, the patient needs to have an understanding of general rules postoperative "behavior".
Rehabilitation of a patient after hemorrhoid removal usually takes into account several important nuances:
If hemorrhoids are not treated after surgery, undesirable consequences or relapse of the pathological process may occur.
To speed up healing, the doctor may prescribe certain medicines, most suitable for a particular case:
Principles of management of hemorrhoids after surgery
During the period after hemorrhoid removal, it is important for the patient to adhere to all medical advice. The following rules apply more to classical hemorrhoidectomy, since with minimally invasive methods the patient is more likely to recover.
- The first 2 weeks you need to stay in bed more. Sudden movements, heavy loads, and heavy lifting are excluded.
- On the 15th day you can start doing light exercises. physical exercise. For example, walking for a short time will only contribute to a speedy recovery.
- Compliance is mandatory hygiene requirements. After defecation, wash with water or infusion. medicinal plants region anus and wipe gently with a soft cloth.
- Hemorrhoids and the postoperative period mean more comfortable conditions in the workplace. For example, people long time When sitting on a chair, you need to use a small ring pillow for hemorrhoids.
- There are also sexual restrictions. Doctors recommend waiting at least 2 weeks, and only then returning to an active sexual life (anal sex with hemorrhoids is still prohibited).
- It is necessary to protect yourself from constipation, which damages the already injured rectal mucosa.
- The menu should contain dishes with an optimal content of vitamins and mineral components.
- You need to eat in fractions, that is, there should be several meals - 5-6, while the portions are small, but nutritious.
- Products that lead to increased formation of gases in the intestines are excluded from the diet.
- porridge with water (buckwheat, millet);
- soup made with vegetable broth;
- fermented milk products (required);
- soft-boiled eggs;
- weak tea;
- herbal decoctions;
- boiled fish or meat.
- cauliflower;
- carrot;
- tomatoes;
- celery;
- cucumbers;
- watermelon and melon (if season permits);
- fruit juices;
- apples (raw and baked);
- oranges;
- plums (including prunes);
- bananas.
- fatty and fried foods;
- coffee drink, strong tea and soda;
- alcohol;
- wheat bread;
- salted, pickled, smoked and spicy dishes.
- selected varieties of meat and seafood products: fatty pork, beef, offal, sausages, meat broths, bacon, shrimp and oysters;
- selected vegetable crops: legumes, sorrel, spinach, onion, garlic, cabbage dishes, bell pepper, turnip, radish;
- individual fruits: pears, dogwood, grapes, gooseberries, pomegranates, persimmons;
- sauces and store-bought gravies: ketchup, mustard, soy sauce(as well as dishes prepared using marinades, various seasonings and spices);
- individual drinks: strong brewed tea, whole cow's milk, kvass, jelly;
- various sweets: pastries, cakes, buns, baked goods made from wheat flour in general, chocolate.
- Urinary retention (ischuria). This complicated condition is more typical for men and develops 24 hours after the removal of the cones. The probability is so undesirable consequence hemorrhoids in men increases with the use of epidural anesthesia. A catheter is used to drain urine.
- Bleeding. They can be weak or massive. Typically, bleeding appears a few days after the intervention, when the formed feces injure the sutures or scars. After surgery, hemorrhoids may bleed due to insufficiently cauterized vessels, when the crust falls off due to bowel movements. What to do? Contact a doctor who will stop the bleeding and re-stitch the damaged vessels.
- Soreness. Pain after hemorrhoid removal surgery is quite common. There are a large number of nerve processes located in the intestinal mucosa and rectal valve. Particularly pronounced discomfort in people with low pain threshold. In such a situation, doctors prescribe drugs with an analgesic effect.
- Exit of the rectum beyond the anal valve. Similar consequences of hemorrhoids in women and men are quite rare. They happen when wrong actions surgeon, which cause disruption of the anal sphincter.
- Infection. Occurs when the proctologist or patient fails to comply with the principles of hygiene and antiseptics. When infectious agents penetrate the wound, suppuration begins, which can be stopped by taking antibacterial drugs or by opening and washing the postoperative suture.
- Narrowing of the anus. Operated hemorrhoids cause various consequences, including stricture. This condition means a decrease in the diameter of the anus due to improperly placed sutures. This complication is corrected with the help of special dilators or plastic rectal surgery.
- Fistulas. The postoperative period and removal of hemorrhoids in very rare cases can result in the formation of fistulas. The factor that provokes their occurrence is the capture of muscles when stitching wounds. When an infection occurs, it begins inflammatory process, which ends with the formation of pathological tubules. Treat similar condition necessary, conservatively or operatively.
- discharge of pus from the anus along with feces or between bowel movements. This symptom indicates the penetration of infectious pathogens into wounds and sutures;
- pain syndrome that lasts more than 14 days. Most often, the pain goes away after 3-4 days, some cases are possible with bowel movements for another 3 days. If these periods are exceeded, you should consult a doctor;
- elevated temperature, fever. They indicate that inflammation has begun and pathogenic bacteria have entered the injured areas;
- massive bleeding. Individual strokes – quite normal phenomenon during bowel movements. If a lot of blood is released, especially between bowel movements, an urgent visit to the doctor is necessary.
- increased blood pressure in the period after surgery;
- history of atherosclerosis;
- low blood clotting caused by medications or illness;
- damage to a large blood vessel;
- vascular injury or disease;
- hemorrhagic rash;
- chronic infection;
- malnutrition, lack folic acid, vitamins C, B, K;
- cirrhosis, vasculitis, neoplasm and serious diseases of organs and blood vessels.
- intermuscular;
- subcutaneous;
- intracranial;
- abdominal (in the chest and abdominal cavity).
- nausea and vomiting;
- sharp pain in the head area;
- loss of consciousness;
- sleepy state;
- dilated pupil on the side where the hematoma is localized;
- paralysis, paresis, epileptic attack.
- possible infection of the hematoma;
- tissue deformation due to scars that remain at the site of blood accumulation;
- the seal that appears at the site of the hematoma can remain forever.
- the patient undergoes a thorough examination to exclude the presence of diseases associated with decreased blood clotting;
- During the operation, it is prohibited to take medications that reduce blood clotting;
- During the operation, blood loss is immediately replaced;
- blood vessels damaged during surgery must be reliably coagulated;
- after the end of the operation, before suturing the wound, the surgeon must make sure that there is no bleeding in the cavity, and all vessels are well sealed;
- After surgery, the patient should follow the doctor’s recommendations before discharge and at home.
- During periods of outbreaks viral diseases take vitamins and immunomodulatory drugs such as Arbidol.
- Constantly harden yourself. In this case, it is not necessary to dive into the snow: it is enough to douse yourself with slightly cool water or at least pour it on your feet. Air baths are also a method of hardening the body.
- Get a flu shot periodically, if available in your region.
- When visiting dubious institutions with a large number of potential patients (kindergartens, clinics), wear a gauze mask.
- fluorography of the lungs,
- detailed blood test,
- examination for HIV, hepatitis, RW, blood group and Rh factor,
- analysis of urine and stool for protozoa,
- some others, at the discretion of the general practitioner.
- ARVI = acute respiratory viral infection, symptoms: fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, muscle and headache, general weakness.
- ARI - cold, acute respiratory disease, the symptoms are almost the same: fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, muscle and headache, general weakness.
- Cough - possible reasons: chronic and acute diseases(tracheitis, bronchitis, including smoker's bronchitis), diseases of the cardiovascular system, asthma, pulmonary tuberculosis.
- Runny nose and sneezing - probable reasons: allergies, viral infection, sinusitis, sinusitis.
- Cold.
- Angina.
- Bronchitis.
- ARVI.
- Rhinite.
- Pharyngitis.
- Cold.
- The infection, which before the operation was widespread only in the larynx, can then spread further, causing an inflammatory process.
- In some cases, ARVI can contribute to long-term healing of the surgical suture.
- If an infection gets into the wound, suppuration can be observed.
- Blood analysis.
- Analysis of urine.
- Ultrasound of internal organs.
- ECG – checking heart rhythm.
These and other tips voiced by the proctologist, as well as measures to prevent hemorrhoids, will allow you to forget about the unpleasant symptoms of the pathological process for a long time.
Nutrition after hemorrhoid removal
After hemorrhoidectomy and other types of surgery, proper care plays a huge role in recovery. organized diet for hemorrhoids. Principles healthy eating look like this:
Important! Since after a major surgical intervention you cannot defecate in the first 24 hours, you will be able to eat only on the second day. At the same time, it is important to eat permitted foods and avoid unwanted foods.
Authorized products
From the second day after removal of hemorrhoids, you should adhere to a strict diet, which will include dishes and products such as:
Nutrition after surgery should include fruits and vegetables, which “vitaminize” the body and support immune system. The fruits also contain fiber, which improves digestion, and moisture, which softens stool.
The postoperative table may consist of the following fruits and vegetables:
At first, it is better to eat vegetables not raw, but steamed, stewed or boiled. It is easier for the stomach to process cooked dishes, and for the intestines to pass through them.
In addition, it is necessary to comply with water regime. Rehabilitation after hemorrhoid surgery involves drinking approximately 2 liters of fluid per day. This will help soften the stool.
Prohibited Products
What foods are prohibited for hemorrhoids? An operation to remove hemorrhoids also involves categorical prohibitions, including diet. Thus, doctors prohibit the use of:
Besides, postoperative diet excludes dishes that lead to flatulence and fermentation processes in the body.
Many of the above prohibited products are not recommended not only immediately after surgery, but also for several months and even years. A strict diet is important to prevent relapses.
Hemorrhoids after surgery: complications and consequences
Complications after hemorrhoid removal are rare. Any forum dedicated to proctological diseases can scare a person, since people actively share their medical histories and complain about the doctor’s unprofessionalism.
Still know about possible complications necessary. And if minimally invasive methods are considered quite safe and non-traumatic, then hemorrhoidectomy can result in negative consequences.
They occur both immediately after excision of the nodules and after some time. The most common negative consequences after hemorrhoid removal include the following:
Hemorrhoidal disease manifests itself in different ways. Its consequences can be both physical and psychological. For example, some patients, due to fear of pain, provoke psychogenic constipation. This consequence is dealt with with the help of laxatives.
Every person who has encountered this unpleasant problem knows hemorrhoids and its symptoms. However, postoperative complications also have their own signs, which indicate the development of a pathological process in the body.
The following signals should alert the patient:
Such signs indicate that the operated hemorrhoids have become complicated, and its consequences may not be the most pleasant.
Most often, varicose veins of the anal veins disappear for a long time or forever after surgery. However, complications after hemorrhoid surgery cannot be ruled out. Properly organized rehabilitation period will improve the prognosis, speed up full recovery and eliminate the likelihood of relapses.
Hematoma after surgery
Every operation is dangerous for the body and threatens complications. The harmless consequences of surgery are bruises on the body or hematomas. Even without medical education, you can understand the reason for the occurrence of a hematoma after surgery - it consists of damage to blood vessels and tissues.
According to statistics, hematomas occur in 8 out of 100 people after surgery; the period of their appearance ranges from a couple of hours to several days.
Types of postoperative hematomas
Bruising after surgery is caused by hemorrhage in the soft fabrics. During the operation, the surgeon excises not only tissue, but also blood vessels, which leads to hemorrhage.
General symptoms for hematomas: the skin changes color, swelling is observed, but such signs do not appear immediately. Doctors classify hematomas into 4 types:
In addition to this classification, bruises are distinguished based on their relationship to the vascular bed: pulsating and non-pulsating. If we consider the condition of a hematoma, it can be encysted (creating a cavity), suppurated (with inflammation) and in a capsule.
When it comes to bruises, bruises do not belong to hematomas, since the latter will have complications, but bruises will not. Another difference is that with hematomas in the damaged area, the temperature rises, muscle mobility is impaired, a tumor and a painful syndrome are detected.
As for bruises, if they regularly appear on the body even with minor bruises, this indicates hemophilia, high fragility of blood vessels, lack of vitamin C, hemorrhagic vasculitis. You need specialist consultation, diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Such hemorrhage is dangerous among other types; blood in the required volume accumulates between the tissues. Pathology can be suspected by a decrease in blood pressure, pain at the operation site, pale skin, and blood leaking from the drainage. An internal hematoma is dangerous - if surgery is not performed to stitch the bleeding vessel, it can be fatal.
A dangerous type of hemorrhage, which is characterized by a small volume of blood entering the soft tissue near the surface of the body. In the case when blood accumulates, forming a certain cavity, but does not enter the tissue, they speak of encysted hemorrhage.
This type of bruise looks like an elongated bruise. Sometimes hemorrhage is expressed by a cluster of spots - numerous small hematomas. Initially it has a red tint, which over time transforms into purple and yellow-green. Before completely disappearing, such a hematoma acquires a brown tint and lasts a long time.
Hematoma in the brain
Such a hematoma occurs after surgery or injury and is considered fatal and can cause irreversible damage to brain cells. In such a state it is necessary urgent diagnostics And emergency treatment. Three types of hematomas can be detected in the cranial cavity:
The difference between hemorrhages is their location. Subdural hematoma - collection of blood between the dura mater and the arachnoid membrane, epidural - between cranium and the hard shell immediately below it.
As for intracerebral, here we are talking about disorders associated with compression of the brain and failure of its functions, up to fatal outcome. The cause of human death is the accumulation of blood in the tissues of the brain, which disrupts the connection between its parts.
The main symptoms that indicate an intracranial hematoma are:
The listed symptoms require immediate response and medical intervention.
Hematomas are not harmless bruises, but require treatment. In some cases, doctors have to perform repeat surgery. Given the seriousness of the issue, it is logical to assume that self-medication is out of the question. Infection can spread at the site of the hemorrhage if it enters from the wound. If the hemorrhage is too extensive, such blood loss can cause intoxication of the body due to decay products. There are a number of risks that doctors associate with a hematoma that appears after surgery:
It is important to understand that doctors should not be blamed for the manifestation of a hematoma - with any surgical intervention, even if it is performed by a world-famous luminary, there is a risk that hemorrhage will appear. Modern techniques cannot protect against hematomas, including laser treatment.
There are many methods, including minimally invasive ones, as well as instruments for cauterizing blood vessels in the wound after completing access to the diseased organ, but this does not save from possible hematomas.
If we talk about the therapeutic approach, it will depend on the location of the hemorrhage, its extent, general condition patient and other factors. For example, if the bruise after surgery is small, it may well resolve on its own over time. Applying ice or cold compresses will help reduce its manifestation - the vessels narrow, blood stops accumulating at the site of the hematoma.
If bruising occurs on the arms or legs, apply a pressure bandage. In some situations, the surgeon may have to perform a second operation to remove hematomas. A small subcutaneous hemorrhage is eliminated by puncture - treatment involves drawing out the blood with a syringe. If the blood has already clotted, then the syringe will not be able to pump out anything; in this situation, a small incision is made on the skin, the wound is drained to remove blood clots and cleanse the tissue.
Very small hematomas are eliminated with ointment or gel with heparin. Apply this remedy to the bruise several times during the day, and continue to do so until it completely disappears. A contraindication may be individual sensitivity to the active substance. Treatment of hematomas can be supplemented with physiotherapy to help eliminate swelling and compaction.
To prevent re-formation of hematomas on the arms or legs, the doctor prescribes compression hosiery. It’s good if you can immobilize the limb during treatment so as not to provoke new hemorrhages. This will form a clot and stop the flow of blood. In case of severe bleeding, medications that increase blood clotting may be prescribed. This will slow the blood flow and speed up recovery.
Before surgery, each patient will undergo preparation - a series of measures aimed at reducing the number of complications during the rehabilitation period. In addition to other procedures, to reduce the risk of hematoma formation after surgery, consider the following recommendations:
A hematoma after surgery is not an ordinary bruise that goes away after a week without problems. Hemorrhage can be a serious health hazard if not noticed or treated promptly. Therefore, after the operation, the doctor must monitor the patient’s condition for a couple of days, making sure that there is no blood loss. The patient is required to strictly follow medical purposes, do not self-medicate, and if you notice any discomfort, immediately inform your doctor. If you are attentive to your body, there will be no complications.
It so happened that you are about to have an operation and you are a little sick! Is it possible to have surgery for a cold that has already ended? residual symptoms? Let's figure it out.
A common cold, common to everyone, which everyone considers a seasonal minor ailment, is a serious contraindication to performing surgical operations.
Therefore, doctors sometimes even recommend that patients who are about to undergo a planned intervention drink in advance antiviral drugs, take vitamins and avoid drafts. As a last resort, the operation is postponed, because doing it during a cold is fraught with complications and deterioration of the patient’s health.
What happens to the body during a cold that can interfere with the planned course of surgery?
Fever: weakened immune system
Even with mild cold a person experiences an increase in body temperature. It can be small (up to 37.2) and almost imperceptible, but it is critical for anesthesia. Why? Because by raising the temperature, the body signals to us that not everything is fine with the immune system. If hyperthermia is not caused by a cold, but is associated with the main reason for the operation (indication for it), then intervention is allowed. But it is necessary to accurately determine whether the patient has signs of ARVI. And the best thing is if he himself informs the doctor about them.
By the way! The temperature with a cold lasts 2-3 days, but this does not mean that on the fourth day you can go to the operating table. You should wait for complete recovery (which is 2-3 weeks), because hyperthermia can return at any time, including after the start of the operation.
Nasal congestion: respiratory rhythm disturbance
A runny nose is one of the main symptoms of colds. The airways are clogged with mucus, so during anesthesia, problems with the patient's breathing rhythm may begin. There is no point in clearing the sinuses, because the secretion forms again and again.
Another problem related to respiratory tract, this is their inflammation. Intubation, which may be necessary in emergency situations, will be difficult. But even if it can be carried out, it is fraught with the development purulent complications due to increased bacterial background.
Infection with a viral infection
It is not always possible to distinguish a cold from a viral infection, because the primary symptoms are the same: high fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat, weakness. Is there something hidden behind them? infectious inflammation, is unclear, but it is absolute contraindication to perform any type of surgical operations. And the problem is not only that it will be difficult to give anesthesia: the intervention itself is fraught with complications, including death due to infection.
Preventative measures to prevent colds
People are used to catching colds periodically, and this does not cause them any inconvenience. On the contrary, you can take sick leave and take a short vacation. What if we approach this from the other side? What if, during a cold, a person breaks his leg, or is seized by an attack of appendicitis? Unfortunately, sometimes doctors have to take risks and perform emergency surgery for a cold, because inaction has a more serious impact. high percent negative consequences. Therefore, it is better to maintain normal immunity with the help of simple preventive measures.
The patient's well-being is almost half the success of the operation. Many indicators, in particular the functioning of the heart and blood vessels, depend on the physiological and moral state of a person, so you need to go into surgery not only healthy, but also confident.
To resolve the issue, is it possible to do general anesthesia, conductor or local anesthesia with fever, cough, runny nose - it is necessary to carry out a diagnosis, i.e. determine the cause of these symptoms.
If the operation is planned, all patients are first examined at the clinic at their place of residence before hospitalization:
A conclusion from a general practitioner is required; if necessary, consultation with a cardiologist, ENT doctor, or neurologist.
If the operation is urgent, for health reasons, then the operation and anesthesia are carried out after a short or longer, 1-2 hours (if the surgical situation allows), preparation: installation venous catheter, stabilization of hemodynamics, symptomatic treatment, taking tests, the minimum required. This is done by an anesthesiologist (in some cases, right in the operating room). The anesthesiologist gives permission to begin the operation.
When it comes to saving a patient, his life, all contraindications fade into the background. The task of the anesthesiologist is to ensure the safety of anesthesia, even with concomitant diseases, and after the end of the operation, transfer the patient to the intensive care unit for further treatment.
Causes of symptoms
Increased body temperature, cough, runny nose, both in children and adults, require a diagnosis, i.e. identifying the cause of these symptoms. Let's consider the possible options:
Therefore, to the question: is it possible to give anesthesia for a child or an adult with a runny nose, the answer will be as follows.
If the operation is planned, it is possible to postpone it - the date is postponed until the runny nose is completely cured. This is done to avoid complications from the respiratory system after general anesthesia.
General anesthesia for chronic runny nose you can do it! You just need to inform the anesthesiologist about this nuance.
Under no circumstances should you hide this symptom from your doctor or mask it with vasoconstrictor drops.
Conclusion
To summarize what has been said, let's draw a conclusion about whether it is possible to do general anesthesia for fever, cough, and runny nose. If these symptoms are associated with a cold, then clearly, if the situation is not an emergency, surgery and anesthesia are postponed until complete recovery and after waiting for at least three to four weeks.
Why can't you do anesthesia for a cold? Complications to the lungs, heart, kidneys are possible, and infection of the surgical wound is possible. All this complicates the postoperative period and delays recovery. There is often a delayed recovery from anesthesia.
All this applies equally to all patients, and especially to young children.
But! If surgery under anesthesia is needed urgently (for health reasons), then a runny nose, cough and fever will not cause cancellation of the surgical intervention. Because in this case we are talking about the patient’s life.
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The question is whether it is possible to carry out surgery, if a patient has a cold, there is still no exact and single answer.
As a rule, the decision to undergo surgery for a cold is made on a case-by-case basis.
The surgeon and anesthesiologist are responsible for the decision, depending on the patient’s condition and the state of his immune system.
For some, colds and a runny nose, for example, are not considered a serious obstacle to an operation in which general anesthesia is used.
However, everything is not so clear-cut, and often doctors refuse to perform an operation that requires general anesthesia if the patient during this period experiences:
The point is that performing an operation, even a laparoscopy, for example, in such painful condition, this puts the patient at risk of prolonged postoperative recovery.
In addition, there is an increased likelihood postoperative complications, if the patient has a runny nose and flu, the body is in any case susceptible to the virus.
Thus, in case of a cold, surgical intervention necessarily requires a comprehensive examination of the patient, and only after that, permission for the operation can be given or not.
Anesthesia and complications of colds
The first danger for colds is the use of anesthesia. Moreover, this can be either a catarrhal operation or any other.
It is unsafe to administer anesthesia when:
The problem is that there is a risk of disrupting the patient’s respiratory rhythm if there are problems with the respiratory tract, and sometimes cardiac arrest is recorded. This is all general anesthesia; with local anesthesia there are not always such complications.
Thus, cataract removal is associated with a real danger in case of a cold, just like any other operation.
In this case, cataract surgery is scheduled at least a month after the patient has had ARVI.
In addition, it is recommended, if possible, to eliminate and level out problems with the respiratory tract as much as possible. The main problem here is that the body cannot adequately take certain drugs in a weakened state. And anesthesia, thus, becomes a rather dangerous undertaking.
As for the immediate danger, we can say that even cataract removal, not to mention more complex operations, can lead to allergic reaction and respiratory failure.
And all this increases the risk of complications in the postoperative period.
Decreased immunity
It is also worth saying here that any surgical intervention, be it cataract removal or another operation, is always a serious stress for the body and its protective functions, which are decreasing,
As a result of such intervention, there is not just a drop in immunity, but also a loss of the ability to cope with viruses and bacteria. And considering that we are talking about the possibility of having surgery for influenza, you can imagine what kind of “space” this is for the ARVI virus.
In addition, in the postoperative period, ARVI can become a catalyst for additional complications in the form of various infectious diseases.
We can also remind you about chronic colds, for example, which often become an insoluble problem during surgery. The fact is that surgical intervention in this case will only aggravate the course of the disease.
What's worth knowing:
In principle, all these points lead to doctors recommending surgery after a cold and runny nose, sinusitis or sore throat are cured.
On the other hand, a cold and runny nose cannot be an obstacle to carrying out urgent operations which are vital.
Preparation for the operation
As for the immediate preparation for the operation, here you need to do everything that the doctor recommends. If it is possible to calmly cure colds, then this must be done.
It will be necessary to undergo some tests that will relate not only to the future operation, but also to the current state of health.
On these grounds, the doctor will determine how ready the patient is to take anesthesia and how quickly surgical intervention is necessary.
A prerequisite is to inform the doctor about all medications that are taken to treat colds and flu, any, sprays and inhalations - all this must be provided in information to the doctor.
The data is extremely important, since anesthesia and some drugs are simply incompatible, in which case the drugs will have to be discontinued and replaced.
What tests need to be taken before surgery?
If an operation is still scheduled despite a cold, and the patient is awaiting general anesthesia, it is necessary to undergo certain tests and perform hardware tests.
And Elena Malysheva, in the video in this article, will popularly tell you how you can treat a cold, which will help you quickly get rid of the disease if there is a need for surgery.