A child has a severe cough: causes and how to treat. What to do if your child has a dry cough at night: causes, relief and treatment methods

“Doctor, we don’t know what to do with the cough - we treat and treat, but it doesn’t go away.” “An emergency room? Can I have a doctor at home? The child is coughing a lot and can’t sleep.” Pediatricians hear such complaints almost more often than everyone else. What is a cough, how to deal with it and is it necessary?

First of all, coughing is a protective reaction of the body. With its help, it pushes out from the respiratory tract what the body does not need at all - from a relatively large foreign body to fine dust and microorganisms. The respiratory tract is lined with a special ciliated epithelium, which, with the help of mucus, drives everything foreign out, away from the lungs and other parts of the respiratory tract - the nose, larynx, trachea and bronchi.

Coughing - a paroxysmal contraction of muscles - helps to complete this process. If there were no cough, any banal inflammation of the upper respiratory tract would turn into pneumonia. So, a cough is necessary. But which one? Of course, the one that is accompanied by sputum production. Doctors call it productive, everyone else calls it wet.

Other types of cough - dry, barking, annoying, paroxysmal, which occurs with whooping cough - are not useful, they greatly tire the patient, interfere with his sleep, can lead to vomiting, are accompanied by muscle pain and ultimately increase respiratory failure.

That's how many unpleasant things can happen from this, in general, necessary and harmless symptom. A cough needs to be approached differently depending on its nature. All cough remedies can be divided into three main groups: the so-called mucolytics - drugs that thin sputum, expectorants - which increase cough, and soothing (*antitussives) - which reduce the activity of the cough center. In addition, some drugs have a combined effect - both mucolytic and expectorant.

In the treatment of cough, not only chemical drugs are used, but also a significant amount of a wide variety of herbs and homeopathic remedies. In addition, to combat its different varieties, numerous physical procedures are used - from physiotherapeutic procedures, to various distractions (cupping, mustard plasters, rubbing) and, finally, chest massage, which is of particular importance in children early age who have difficulty coughing, or in patients with drug allergies.

There is a certain sequence (algorithm) in the use of cough suppressants. The task is always the same - to ensure that the cough turns from dry to wet and the child coughs up sputum well. Let's look at specific situations.

WHOOPING COUGH

With this childhood infection, cough occurs due to the fact that the pertussis bacillus directly irritates the cough center. It multiplies in the nervous system. A person with whooping cough can cough from anything - from loud sound, bright light, anxiety.

The cough with whooping cough is very characteristic - it begins with a loud whistling inhalation, lasts in paroxysmal bursts for several minutes, and the child simply starts coughing. At the same time, he often sticks out his tongue so that his frenulum tears. With a whooping cough from terrible tension, hemorrhages can occur in the sclera of the eyes and the skin of the chest. In young children, attacks of whooping cough (repetitions) may be accompanied by respiratory arrest.

Leaving aside the prevention and treatment of whooping cough, I will only say that drugs that thin sputum and increase its secretion (mucolytics and expectorants) are absolutely useless here. Only sedative drugs are appropriate here. nervous system and cough relievers, *for example, sinekod, tussamag. By the way, this “whooping cough” character of the cough persists in patients for some time after recovery from this infection (up to 1 year) and with all common colds.

"BARKING" COUGH IN SO-CALLED FALSE CROUP

“False croup”, or laryngotracheitis, accompanied by narrowing (stenosis) of the upper respiratory tract, is a rather dangerous condition and requires immediate hospitalization. You can leave a child at home only if the situation is repeated frequently and the parents are fully proficient in helping such a child. However, in the latter case, he must be under the close supervision of a doctor.

The essence of the disease is swelling of the subglottic space and a decrease in the clearance for air passage. This is usually accompanied by swelling of the laryngeal mucosa and very viscous sputum. These conditions can arise from two main reasons - acute respiratory infection and allergies. Viral croup is characterized by a gradual increase in events, a preceding temperature, and an increase in cough. An allergic reaction occurs suddenly, with large swelling and, as a result, a sharp narrowing of the larynx, but it also goes away just as quickly with the right help.

I repeat: in these conditions, calling an emergency or ambulance doctor is mandatory! But how can you help yourself? The child urgently needs to be “soaked”. To do this, give him large dose any mucolytic agent (if it is a mixture, it must be warm!). Start giving him plenty of water. Open a window or vent and ventilate the room! Let me in the bath hot water, take the child in your arms and enter the bath with him for 10-15 minutes.

Do not fuss, do not shout, do not scare the child - if you are worried respiratory failure may intensify. If for one reason or another you stay at home, do not go to bed - give your child warm water, give him mucolytics and expectorants and other drugs prescribed by the doctor, give him steam inhalation a couple of times.

COUGH IN OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS

With obstructive bronchitis - as well as with bronchial asthma - cough occurs as constantly as shortness of breath. The essence of this condition, which occurs most often in allergic children, is that the sputum formed in the bronchi is very viscous, and the child cannot cough it up. The bronchi spasm around this viscous mucus, and exhalation is especially affected.

Unlike “false croup,” where inhalation is difficult and prolonged, here it is exhalation that becomes especially difficult. And here, as with false croup, the use of various mucolytics - sputum thinners - is very important. And only when the cough becomes wet enough is it useful to use expectorants.

It is imperative to give the child something to drink - give him at least twice a day, or even more often a simple massage - beating and kneading. To do this, 10-15 minutes after giving the drug that thins the sputum, you put the child on your lap, head down, and begin to give him a tapping massage with the tips of your closed fingers on the chest, periodically rubbing it with your palm and pressing from top to bottom, so that the sternum is pressed in inside. Ask your child to cough or press the handle of a spoon onto the root of the tongue. Don't be afraid of vomiting - this will liquefy the mucus.

Massage is especially important for children with allergies, for whom the use of many medications is contraindicated. The use of mustard plasters is also contraindicated for such children. Be sure to consistently give your child plenty of fluids. If the condition does not improve, shortness of breath increases - do not hesitate to call a doctor!

COUGH WITH COMMON TRACHEITIS AND BRONCHITIS

Most often it begins as dry, unproductive. There is no sputum. The main task is to first achieve its appearance. In the first days, use mucolytic drugs or mixed-action drugs (*these include, in particular, lazolvan, ambrobene, bromhexine), then expectorants. If the cough has become productive, the child coughs up sputum well, all medications can be discontinued and proceed to chest massage. Do not forget to give your child plenty of warm solutions (fruit drinks, teas, juices). If not high temperature, you can use distractions from the first days (hot foot bath, mustard plasters, rubbing). All this, increasing blood flow to the respiratory organs, increases the appearance of sputum.

COUGH WITH VIRAL PHARINGITIS

If only the most upper sections respiratory tract - pharynx - very often there is an annoying frequent dry cough, accompanied by sneezing. This cough does not carry any functional load and is very exhausting for the patient. Here, help may consist of inhalations with herbs, oils, soda inhalations, and giving cough sedatives at night.

PROLONGED, CONSTANT COUGH

This is enough complex problem. How to approach her? If your child coughs for a long time, he needs to be examined - show him to an otorhinolaryngologist, check the Mantoux reaction, consult a pulmonologist and phthisiatrician. It is necessary to know his long-term temperature reaction and take a clinical blood test.

The reasons can be very different, even quite exotic. Yes, when helminthic infestation(ascariasis) there is a stage of passage of roundworm larvae through the lungs, which causes long-term coughing in spring and autumn. But most often prolonged cough depends on the unsatisfactory condition of the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, on its allergization, chronic inflammation. Then the child may constantly produce mucus, and he will try to cough it up. These conditions must be treated by specialists.

Often a child has a cough for 3-4 weeks after suffering from an acute respiratory viral infection. This cough is aggravated by the parents themselves, giving the child cough mixtures, which, having a mucolytic and expectorant effect, themselves provoke this cough. So, if you have achieved a wet cough and good expectoration in the child, which usually takes 4-5 days, stop giving these remedies, switch to massage and warm drinks. The cough will go away on its own.

"Our Baby" magazine, February 2001

When a child has a strong cough (it doesn’t matter whether it’s a baby or a child who is a year old or older), what should parents do?

This symptom accompanies many respiratory diseases.

But cough can also occur with other ailments.

What's the best way to deal with it?

What measures should be taken if a child has a severe cough?

The child coughs a lot. Many parents face this problem. And to prevent the baby from getting worse, you need to know how to cope with such a symptom. But before starting treatment, it is always necessary to find out the cause of the cough. Knowing this, you can choose the right way to deal with the symptom.

A child's severe cough may be due to the following reasons:

1. Infectious diseases.
2. Entry of a foreign object into Airways.
3. Cold or respiratory viral infection.
4. Bronchial diseases.
5. At inflammatory processes on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.

Also, with pneumonia, a child may develop a severe cough without fever. This happens when the baby weak immunity. In such a situation, pneumonia does not manifest itself at first. The baby may only have weakness. As the disease progresses, its main symptom appears - frequent cough The child has.

We must not forget about allergies. Today, many children suffer from this disease. If an allergen is nearby, it may cause a cough. In such a situation, you need to remove the irritant and consult a doctor.

How to treat a symptom if it is a consequence of an allergy?

Here doctors recommend the following:

• if the allergen is known, then it must be excluded from the child’s environment. This could be animal fur, some product or other irritant;
• if the allergen is unknown, then it is necessary to take special medications. Antihistamines are able to cope with many manifestations of this disease. But they should be taken only as prescribed by a doctor. Such drugs often have many side effects, so their use must be careful.

If the allergen is not identified, and symptoms in the form of cough or rash appear, then you must definitely visit a doctor. After the research, the irritant will be identified, which means that in the future you can avoid a suffocating cough and other dangerous manifestations of the disease.

Test: Is your lifestyle causing lung disease?

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Since almost all of us live in cities with very unfavorable health conditions, and in addition to this we correct image life, this topic is very relevant in this moment. We carry out many actions or, on the contrary, remain inactive, without thinking at all about the consequences for our body. Our life is in breathing, without it we cannot live even a few minutes. This test will allow you to determine whether your lifestyle can provoke lung diseases, and will also help you think about your health of the respiratory system and correct your mistakes.

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• You lead the right lifestyle

  You are a fairly active person who cares and thinks about your respiratory system and health in general, continue to play sports, lead a healthy lifestyle and your body will delight you throughout your life. But do not forget to undergo examinations on time, maintain your immunity, this is very important, do not overcool, avoid severe physical and strong emotional overload. Try to minimize contact with sick people; if forced contact, do not forget about protective equipment (mask, washing your hands and face, clearing your respiratory tract).

• It's time to think about what you are doing wrong...

  You are at risk, you should think about your lifestyle and start taking care of yourself. Physical education is required, or even better, start playing sports, choose the sport that you like most and turn it into a hobby (dancing, cycling, Gym or just try to walk more). Do not forget to treat colds and flu promptly, they can lead to complications in the lungs. Be sure to work on your immunity, strengthen yourself, and be in nature and fresh air as often as possible. Do not forget to undergo scheduled annual examinations, treat lung diseases initial stages much simpler than in a neglected form. Avoid emotional and physical overload; if possible, eliminate or minimize smoking or contact with smokers.

• It's time to sound the alarm!

  You are completely irresponsible about your health, thereby destroying the functioning of your lungs and bronchi, have pity on them! If you want to live a long time, you need to radically change your entire attitude towards your body. First of all, get examined by specialists such as a therapist and a pulmonologist; you need to take radical measures, otherwise everything may end badly for you. Follow all the doctors' recommendations, radically change your life, perhaps you should change your job or even your place of residence, completely eliminate smoking and alcohol from your life, and make contact with people who have such bad habits to a minimum, toughen up, strengthen your immune system, spend time in the fresh air as often as possible. Avoid emotional and physical overload. Completely eliminate all aggressive products from everyday use and replace them with natural ones. natural remedies. Do not forget to do wet cleaning and ventilation of the room at home.

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   Is your lifestyle associated with severe physical activity?

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   How often do you undergo a lung examination (eg fluorogram)?

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   Do you play sports?

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   Do you snore?

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   Do you treat acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections, influenza and other inflammatory or infectious diseases?

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   Do you carefully observe personal hygiene (shower, hands before eating and after walking, etc.)?

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   Do you take care of your immunity?

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   Have any relatives or family members suffered from serious lung diseases (tuberculosis, asthma, pneumonia)?

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   Do you live or work in an unfavorable environment(gas, smoke, chemical emissions from enterprises)?

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    Do you or your household use sources of strong odors (aroma candles, incense, etc.)?

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    Do you have heart disease?

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    How often are you in damp, dusty or moldy environments?

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    Do you often get sick with acute respiratory infections or acute respiratory viral infections?

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    Do you or any of your relatives have diabetes?

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    Do you have allergic diseases?

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    What kind of lifestyle do you lead?

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    Does anyone in your family smoke?

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    Do you have air purification devices in your home?

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    Do you often use household chemicals (cleaning products, aerosols, etc.)?

What to do if your child has a severe cough? How can I help him stop the attack? Certainly, quick ways There is no way to stop a strong cough in a child or an adult. But there are some recommendations that will help reduce the intensity of this symptom.

Doctors include the following:

• The cough will be debilitating if the child is constantly in a room where there is no fresh air. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly ventilate. Of course, this needs to be done when the baby is in another room. Drafts can only worsen his condition;
• even healthy man coughs if he constantly breathes dry air, and for the patient such an “atmosphere” can only aggravate the situation. To reduce attacks, you need to purchase a humidifier. But you can also use folk remedies. It is enough to hang wet towels on chairs or on the radiator;
• If the cough is dry, then the baby should be given plenty of fluids. Even with a productive or “wet” symptom a large number of liquids will only be beneficial;
• Inhalation can be used to reduce the intensity of attacks. Of course, “making” a baby breathe using a nebulizer can be quite difficult, especially if he is very young. In such a situation, it is enough to add a little baking soda into a pan of boiling water and play with the child next to it. Often this is enough to soften your breathing.

Of course, in any case, you should first consult a doctor.

Only a specialist will make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment. All of these methods will only alleviate the symptoms and help reduce the intensity of the attacks.

Most often, treatment of a severe cough in a child should be carried out with medications or using folk remedies.

What to do if your child has a severe cough? Of course, first of all visit medical institution and consult a doctor. The specialist will carry out diagnostic actions and identify the cause of this manifestation.

But, when starting, it is worth remembering some features of such a process, namely:

1. It is imperative to check whether the prescribed drug is appropriate for the child’s age. A child can get sick at one, six, or at a later age. And in each case, the prescribed drugs may be different. Some are used in infancy, others in adulthood. In this case, be sure to monitor the dosage.
2. Depending on age, different forms of release are used medicines. It is better to give drops a year. Syrups are prescribed for slightly older children. It is better to use tablets or lozenges after ten to twelve years. At this age, children will no longer choke on them.
3. Often a severe dry cough is treated with inhalation. If we are talking about babies, then you need to be careful with this procedure. Inhalation helps well, but the child may have sensitive mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. In this case, it can be easily burned with steam. If this is exactly the situation, then it is better to use a compressor or ultrasonic nebulizer. Such devices break the drug into small droplets. This increases the effectiveness of treatment and reduces the risk of burns.

How to get rid of a strong cough in a child? Almost any doctor will definitely prescribe medicinal method. Don't think that traditional treatment This problem can harm the baby. Modern drugs made specifically for this age. They do not contain dangerous or overly “powerful” agents. Therefore use medications quite safe.

How to treat if a child coughs a lot?

In such a situation, the doctor may prescribe a drug belonging to one of the following groups:

• expectorants. This group includes such products as Gedelix, ACC and others. Such medications are used for productive, or “wet” cough. They help mucus leave the respiratory tract more actively;
• A dry cough in a child without or with fever is most often treated with mucolytics. This group includes the drugs Abrol, Ambrobene, Sinekod, Lazolvan and others. These medications help thin the mucus;
• Another group is antitussive drugs. Here active substances They do not affect the problem itself, but the center that is responsible for the symptom. This group includes Mukaltin, licorice root syrup, and Pertussin. They are used in cases where the child has a very severe cough.

But you should not use all the drugs at once. You must carefully read the instructions for use. If an expectorant is used, then antitussive drugs should not be used, even if the attack is debilitating. With a wet symptom, sputum comes out of the bronchi. If the reflex is suppressed, it will only harm the baby.

Often coughing in a baby is a consequence of an illness that has a viral or bacterial origin. In this situation, without additional drugs not enough. In addition, a number of dangerous inflammatory diseases can only be treated with the use of antibiotics.

How to help a child with a severe cough if he is not yet a year old? Of course, medications and prescriptions are used here too. traditional medicine. But giving a child medicine is one thing, but watching how a debilitating cough torments the baby is completely different.

In such a situation they can help the following actions:

• massage. This procedure will primarily help the baby relax. In addition, massage helps remove mucus from the bronchi. The procedure can be performed in the morning and evening, before bedtime;
• If a child has a severe cough, it is worth using a healing “scrub.” To do this you need a little honey and plain salt. Do this procedure in the evening, before putting the baby to bed. The baby is placed on his stomach. Melted honey is applied to the back and sprinkled on top a small amount fine salt. After this, massage with gentle circular movements. The procedure is completed when the salt has completely dissolved. After such a “scrub,” the baby is wrapped in a warm, damp towel. And before going to bed, wipe it dry with a napkin;
• rubbing can be used. This procedure is recommended from the age of six months. Animal fats, propolis, vodka, vegetable oils, and so on are used for rubbing.

Another method that helps with many problems, including cough, is water treatments. Of course, only a warm bath is used. The baby is already sick, so you can’t do hardening in such a situation.

But the bath should not be with plain water, but with the addition of herbs. You can use coltsfoot, chamomile, mint and other plants. In addition, a bath with the addition of essential oils. The main thing with this procedure is that the baby is not allergic to the added ingredients.

How to stop a child's severe cough? In addition to medications, massage and rubbing, you can use applications or compresses. Many drugs have contraindications, so these methods of treating cough are resorted to very often.

There are quite a lot of recipes for applications and compresses, we will name only the most common of them:

• we use honey. For this recipe, in addition to the main ingredient, you will need flour and water. Liquid honey is mixed in equal proportions with other ingredients. After this, the resulting product is heated in a water bath. The temperature should not be too high so that the baby can easily withstand it. Part of the mixture is applied to a towel, and part is applied to the chest and sides (avoid the heart area). After this, the child is placed on a towel and wrapped in it;
• can be used vegetable oil. Just like in the first recipe, it is heated in a water bath. Next, soak the gauze in oil. It is wrapped around the baby's chest and back. After this, you should lay a layer of paper and wrap the child in a towel;
• Another compress recipe is made using cottage cheese. But this method of fighting cough cannot be used if antibiotics are present in the treatment. The cottage cheese is heated in a water bath and mixed with honey (1 tablespoon per hundred grams). The resulting mixture is placed in a thin layer on gauze, which is wrapped around the child’s chest and back. In this case, the compress is not applied to the heart area. Next, the baby is wrapped in a warm towel or scarf.

There are quite a lot of recipes for applications or compresses. When using any of them, it is worth remembering some rules. First of all, we must not forget about allergies. If your child has it, then do not use recipes that contain the allergen.

Carefully monitor the temperature of the product used. The compress should not burn the baby's skin. To stop a child’s severe cough, it is better to use the recipes recommended by the doctor.

My child is coughing a lot, what should I do? Be sure to follow your doctor's recommendations. But, besides this, you can also be treated folk remedies. They most often significantly speed up recovery.

Such recipes include the following:

1. The most commonly used method is black radish with honey. There are different methods, let’s name the most common. The top of the radish is cut off and the core is removed. You need to make it so that you get a “bowl”. Honey is added to it. The “container” is left at room temperature for 3-4 hours. During this time, the radish juice is mixed with honey - and the product is ready. Give it 3-4 teaspoons per day for 1-2 weeks. This recipe can be used after the child is one year old.
2. It’s always difficult with children, especially if they are sick. They are not ready to take all medications. If the baby is already quite old, then you can use onion broth. This recipe has been known for many centuries. Take 2-3 medium onions, peel them and place them in a small container. Everything is filled with milk. Place the container on low heat and cook until the onions become soft. After this, add 2-3 teaspoons of honey. The remedy is given a tablespoon every hour for 1-2 days until the cough is cured.
3. Even a very strong cough can be stopped by a “mixture” of lemon, honey and glycerin. One medium citrus is thoroughly washed, doused with boiling water and crushed in a blender. After this, the resulting mushy mass is poured into a glass (250 milliliters) and two tablespoons of glycerin are added there. After this, the glass, or rather, the remaining space, is filled with honey. Mix everything thoroughly and let it brew for 4 hours. Take half a tablespoon half an hour before meals. This recipe has another effect: it significantly strengthens the immune system.
4. Getting rid of cough with milk. This recipe is quite simple, but no less effective than the previous ones. Half a liter of milk is brought to a boil and removed from the heat. Next, a tablespoon of pine buds is added to it. After the product has cooled, you can drink it. It is taken in small portions throughout the day (you need to drink everything). If a daughter coughed or a son suffered from this symptom, then they will receive relief after the first use of this remedy.

Cough- This common symptom various respiratory diseases. At the same time, the occurrence of a cough almost always indicates damage to the larynx, trachea or bronchi, in which the sensitive receptors that trigger the cough reflex are located. Coughing itself is a protective reflex. With the help of coughing, the body clears the airways of phlegm and germs accumulated in them.

In view of this, it would be right to think about feasibility of cough treatment. Is it worth blocking this useful mechanism that promotes speedy recovery? The idea of ​​treating a cough is perhaps similar to the idea of ​​treating a fever. An increase in body temperature is also known to be a protective mechanism, so bringing down a low and harmless temperature is not necessary and even harmful. The same can be said about coughing. Treatment, in this case elimination of cough, is necessary only if the cough seriously impairs general state sick and from protective reflex turns into a factor that can harm the body. Fortunately, such cases of cough in children are quite rare. And therefore, in this article we will pay more attention to the other side of “cough treatment”, namely, how to make sure that the cough is as effective as possible and the child recovers faster.

Cough in children most often appears during various respiratory diseases. The most common causes of cough are colds (ARI) and acute bronchitis. However, in some cases, cough may be caused by a completely different reason. Therefore, before starting cough treatment, you need to try to establish the cause of the cough.

Treatment of cough in children

The first thing in treating a cough is peace and comfort. General treatment Coughing from a cold or bronchitis begins with providing favorable conditions for the child. As you know, coughs in children can often be triggered by noise, strong light or other irritations, so for effective treatment a child with a cough needs to be provided with peace and comfort.

The second way to treat a cough is to drink and proper nutrition. The diet of a child with a cough should be rich in fruits and vegetables. However, it must be quite high in calories (the child spends a lot of energy fighting the disease). It is also necessary for the child to drink as much as possible. Drinking plenty of fluids will not only prevent dehydration due to fever, but will also speed up the release of mucus from the bronchi. Alkaline mineral waters are especially useful, for example, Borjomi, which perfectly restore the water-salt balance of the body, and thanks to the alkaline component, they dilute phlegm and accelerate its elimination.

Medicines used in the treatment of cough in children.

What medicines should be used to treat a child's cough?

At the moment there are a large number cough medicines. It can be Cough tablets, cough syrup and other treatments. Below we will look at the main groups of drugs that are used to treat cough in children.

Preventive agents

It is easier to prevent any disease than to cure it. Cough, as a symptom of acute respiratory infections, acute respiratory viral infections or bronchitis, is no exception. To prevent cough in children, it is optimal to use any means that strengthen the immune system.

Narcotic cough treatments

Name of cough medicine: Codeine, Ethylmorphine, Dimemorphan
This group of cough medications blocks the cough reflex at the brain level
These drugs are extremely rarely used in the treatment of cough in children. Such medications are prescribed exclusively by a doctor and taken under his supervision. The main indications for the use of this type of cough suppressant is a dry, painful, debilitating cough that cannot be treated with other types of medications. In children, such cough medicines are sometimes used for whooping cough and pleurisy. Simultaneous use Expectorants (see below) and antitussives are prohibited.

Non-narcotic cough treatments:

Glaucine, Oxeladin, Butamirate
As well as narcotic drugs for cough, non-narcotic antitussive medications block the cough reflex, but unlike narcotic drugs, they do not suppress brain function and are not addictive. Due to their relative safety, non-narcotic cough medications are used in the treatment of cough in children more often than narcotic cough medications. Indications for the use of non-narcotic cough medications are a dry, debilitating cough that cannot be treated with other drugs (for influenza, whooping cough, pleurisy, mediastinal tumors, etc.). The simultaneous use of expectorants (see below) and antitussives is prohibited.

Peripheral cough medicines:

These medications do not act on the brain.

Prenoxyndiazine
This type of cough medicine inhibits the nerve endings that trigger the cough reflex. The effectiveness of these drugs is lower than the effectiveness of narcotic or non-narcotic drugs. These medications are used in the treatment of dry, nonproductive cough. They are used quite rarely in the treatment of cough in children and only as prescribed by a doctor. The simultaneous use of expectorants (see below) and antitussives is prohibited.

Mucolytic cough medicines

Mucolytics are sputum thinners: ACC, Carbocysteine, Ambroxol, Mesna, Bromhexine. These cough medications do not block the cough reflex but relieve coughing by thinning the mucus. Mucolytic drugs are used in the treatment of cough in children with bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchiectasis.

Expectorants:

These drugs are more likely not “for cough”, but “for cough”. They thin out mucus and make coughing more productive.

Mucaltin, Marshmallow Root, Licorice Root, Plantain Leaves, Coltsfoot Leaves, Thyme, Potassium Iodide, Solutan, Bronholitin, Tussin, Pertussin, Sodium Bicarbonate.
These cough medicines stimulate the production of thinner sputum, which in turn helps cleanse the bronchi of viscous mucus and germs.
Most of these drugs are based on medicinal herbs. These drugs are used in the treatment of coughs for colds, bronchitis, and pneumonia. You cannot take expectorants and antitussives at the same time - this can lead to blockage of the bronchi with mucus.

These cough medicines are approved for use in children.

Combination cough medicines

Codelac phyto, Doctor Mom
The drugs consist of several components that have antitussive, mucolytic, expectorant, bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory effects. Recommended for the treatment of cough in children with acute respiratory infections (colds).

Treatment of cough in children with acute respiratory infections (colds)

Various types of acute respiratory infections (or colds) are often complicated by cough. Usually, in addition to cough, there are other symptoms of a cold (runny nose, fever, pain throughout the body, weakness). If a severe cough appears suddenly, you need to make sure that no foreign body has entered the child’s respiratory tract. Treatment of fever and runny nose during colds is discussed in detail in the relevant sections. In this article we will take a closer look at the treatment of cough in a child with a cold.

In the first days of a cold (flu, parainfluenza), the cough is dry and persistent. This cough may disrupt sleep or cause vomiting in young children. In the following days, the cough becomes wet (that is, sputum begins to be produced). If your child's cough is very severe and leads to vomiting or severe shortness of breath, we strongly recommend that you consult a doctor; treating such a cough at home is dangerous.

With a mild cough and an uncomplicated cold, you can help your child in the following ways:
First, you need to follow the treatment regimen described above. Proper adherence to the treatment regimen may eliminate the need to take any medications altogether.
For a dry persistent cough in a child with a cold, in the first days of a cold, you can give the child Codelac phyto.

Child's age Dose Codelac phyto
Children 2-5 years old 5 ml
Children 5-8 years old 10 ml
Children 8-12 years old 10-15 ml
Children 12-15 years old and older 15-20 ml

In the following days of a cold, when the cough becomes productive (wet), you can give the child one of the mucolytics or expectorants. For mild colds and the treatment of young children, preference should be given exclusively to herbal preparations.

Preparations from the Doctor Mom group have proven themselves to be effective in treating coughs. These cough medications are available in in various forms(syrup, lozenges, ointment, roller pencil) which greatly facilitates their use in children of different age groups.

Before starting to use any medicine, we strongly recommend that you read the instructions for its use and also consult with your doctor.

Treatment of cough in children with bronchitis

Bronchitis is a common accompaniment of colds, so the treatment of cough with bronchitis does not differ significantly from the treatment of cough with a common cold described above. One of the features of cough with bronchitis is that this cough is wet already in the first days of the disease. The cough with bronchitis is deeper, but less painful than with influenza or parainfluenza (ARI). For bronchitis, it is advisable to treat cough with mucolytic and expectorant drugs. The choice of cough medications is quite wide, so for the treatment of mild coughs we recommend limiting the use of medications to plant based, this is especially true for the treatment of young children.

Inhalation may be useful in treating cough in older children and adults. For children of the first years of life, inhalation is contraindicated due to the risk of respiratory tract spasm. To prepare a solution for inhalation, several tablespoons of coltsfoot or thyme leaves are poured with hot water. You can also add 1-2 teaspoons of baking soda to the infusion and add a few drops of eucalyptus or menthol oil. Inhalations with iodine can be carried out with caution (iodine also helps to thin sputum), but in this case you need to remember that iodine can cause allergies.

In any case, cough treatment should be carried out with caution. At home, only acute coughs can be treated, since subacute or chronic coughs require additional examinations and qualified treatment. Once again, we draw your attention to the fact that it is much wiser to relieve a cough and make it more productive than to eliminate it; cough is primarily a protective mechanism that promotes a speedy recovery. Therefore, if possible, you should avoid taking antitussive medications. You should also not take cough suppressants and expectorants at the same time. If, despite the treatment taken, the cough does not go away within a week, we recommend that you consult a doctor to clarify the diagnosis and correct treatment.

Treatment with folk remedies for cough in children

When treating a child’s cough, the choice of folk remedies should be approached with extreme caution. The child’s body is less resilient and not every folk treatment funds will go for his benefit. And for the children preschool age some of folk recipes and all are contraindicated. Before treating any cough in a child with folk remedies, be sure to consult a doctor!

Home remedies for cough

Place 1 tablespoon of granulated sugar in a frying pan and place over low heat. When the sugar gets Brown color, remove the frying pan and pour 0.5 cups of boiling water into the sand. Pour in carefully as splashes will form. Stir the composition thoroughly. Give your child 1 teaspoon 4-5 times a day and at night before bed to treat whooping cough and whooping cough. Children really like the taste of this folk cough remedy.

Garlic juice, mixed in a 1:1 ratio with rendered pork fat, is rubbed 12 times a day for 10-15 minutes into the skin of the child’s neck and chest as a folk remedy for whooping cough.

When treating whooping cough in children, finely chop or crush 5 cloves of garlic, boil in 1 glass of whole milk until the garlic is soft and drink several times a day.

Grind a head of garlic into a paste and mix with 100 g of butter or fat and rub this mixture into the soles of the feet once a day at night - for whooping cough and painful night cough in a child as a distracting folk remedy. This ointment is also used in the treatment of calluses, soft tissue tumors, skin diseases, scabies, eczema, etc.

For very strong, lingering coughs in children, it is useful to apply a cloth smeared with a slightly warmed garlic-honey mixture prepared in a 1:1 ratio to the chest, sides and back. Cover the top of the fabric with compress paper and carefully insulate it with a woolen scarf and bandage it. Apply the compress to the child at night for 4-5 days. A very effective folk remedy for cough. Avoid drafts and cooling.

If a child’s cough torments him mainly in the morning, then a head of garlic should be crushed, mixed with 0.5 liters of molasses, boiled over low heat and little by little eat this mixture in the morning on an empty stomach, immediately after waking up. This remedy is very good at soothing coughs.

Often, a severe cough and even whooping cough in children can be cured by simply rubbing the patient’s soles of the feet at night with crushed garlic; after rubbing, the pulp should be immediately removed and first put on simple cotton socks, and then one or two pairs of woolen socks. After rubbing garlic, you can’t walk, you need to lie in bed.

Boil the white part of the leek, grind it into a paste, mix with an equal amount of honey, give the child 0.5-1 teaspoon every hour when treating whooping cough.

Persistent cough

Any illness of a child worries parents. Every child's cold makes the parent more experienced. Over time, each family develops its own cough treatment recipes. But sometimes these recipes fail, the child continues to cough 2 or more weeks after the onset of an acute respiratory infection (cold). If this happens, there is no need to change one antitussive drug to another. Will not help. We need to do tests and call a doctor.

Why does a “lingering” cough occur? In the vast majority of cases, this is a new “attack” of infection on an organism weakened by a cold. These infections have different names and are treated differently.

Most often “attacks” mycoplasma, in second place are cases of “aggression” of pneumocystis. Sometimes mycoplasma and pneumocystis combine and bring the patient to constant temperature 37-38 degrees, heavy sweating, bad sleep(cough keeps you awake, wakes you up), weakness (asthenia). Less commonly, a lingering cough is caused by fungi (candida) or chlamydia (usually pulmonary). In infants, similar phenomena can occur due to cytomegalovirus. Another cause of such a cough can be tuberculosis.

Any of the above infections, if incorrectly diagnosed and treated, can greatly worsen the child’s quality of life, and sometimes lead to pneumonia (pneumonia).

The resistance of these microorganisms in external environment small - they die quickly, so the main method of infection is close household contact. Children can become infected with mycoplasmosis or pneumocystis (less often chlamydia) in kindergarten, at school, in the yard, as regular guests, from a constantly coughing grandmother, i.e. in any “close” team. The intensity of the process depends on the state of the child’s immune system - “weak” children get sick more often and more severely.

A baby can become infected with mycoplasma, chlamydia, cytomegalovirus, candida from an infected mother during childbirth, passing through the “dirty” birth canal. In this case, the bronchi and lungs are usually affected in babies, and inflammation of the pharynx and nose occurs.

Mycoplasmosis, pneumocystosis, chlamydia are not influenza, only children become infected with them, the immune system which are currently weakened (for example, after a cold). Bronchitis most often occurs, but pneumonia can also develop. In the USA, 40% of bronchitis in children is mycoplasma. The main warning symptom is a long-term (more than 2 weeks) persistent cough.

Sometimes mycoplasma, pneumocystis, chlamydia and cytomegalovirus “stick” to children with bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis - attacks become more frequent. After diagnosis and treatment of these infections, children forget about bronchial asthma for a long time.

“Candida” cough usually occurs as a consequence of excessive or improper use of antibacterial drugs, such as Biseptol, Bactrim, Septrim, ampicillin, Ampiox, etc.

In the modern economic and, therefore, social situation, tuberculosis, as a “disease of the poor,” can catch your child in public transport, in a store, on a playground, kindergarten, school. The only reassuring thing is that, although there are many “infectious” people, it is quite difficult for a child to become infected through short-term contact, and if the child is vaccinated, it is almost impossible. It is better to start diagnosing tuberculosis at a polyclinic TB doctor or at a tuberculosis clinic at your place of residence. In difficult cases , or if you don’t want to go to the dispensary, you can take advantage of the opportunities paid diagnostics- definitions of bacteria PCR method or detecting the level of antibodies to Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Diagnosis of mycoplasmosis, pneumocystosis, chlamydia, candidiasis and cytomegalovirus is quite complex - there are no signs characteristic of only “one” disease, and the microbes themselves are so small that they cannot be detected with conventional microscopy. Mycoplasmosis, pneumocystosis, chlamydia, candidiasis and cytomegalovirus infection(CMV) are detected either in smears examined by DNA diagnostic methods, for example polymerase chain reaction(PCR), or by immunofluorescence (which, however, is less reliable), or by examining blood from a vein for the presence of antibodies to these pathogens.

There are no “home” remedies for these diseases, but modern antibacterial drugs highly effective - cure rate reaches 95%.

Both serious and the most minor illness should not become part of your life, upsetting your health and preventing you from perceiving everything beautiful. Timely treatment will save you from a lot of troubles.

Children infancy They get sick most often with the onset of cold weather, in the off-season. It is at this time that bacteria and viruses are most active. The immune system, as a result, is subjected to severe stress. And since in children it is still too weak, there is nothing easier for the disease than to take advantage of the opportunity and penetrate the baby’s body. As a result, the infection is rebuffed, which is expressed in the form of a runny nose, fever and cough.

Colds and coughs in infants are very common.

Treatment this symptom for infants, this is a very difficult process, because medications familiar to adults are not suitable for them. Therapy should be as gentle as possible and at the same time effective, so that the sick baby does not develop complications. To get rid of cough, both traditional and home methods are used.

Types of children's cough

How to treat a cough infant so as not to harm him? What methods exist for this, and is it worth seeking help from specialists? To answer these questions, you first need to understand what a cough is and why it occurs in young children.

The symptom is caused by contractions of the tracheal muscles with the participation of the abdominal muscles - air is forcefully pushed through the respiratory tract, simultaneously freeing them from excess mucus and various foreign particles.

Often in infants, a cough is simply a protective reaction of the body and is not associated with a cold.

Cough can be of the following types:

• dry (without mucus production);
• wet (accompanied by copious discharge sputum).

This symptom, familiar to everyone, is the body’s protective reaction to irritation of the tissues of the throat and bronchi. When the epithelium is subjected to sedimentation by bacteria, special receptors are triggered, which is why a cough begins. Young children's throats are much more sensitive because respiratory system has not yet formed. Therefore, they cough much more often.

Causes of cough

Coughing in babies is quite common. Small children can choke while eating or inhale dusty air. The respiratory tract of a newborn contains quite a lot of mucus, which is very difficult to remove. However, it is not difficult to distinguish a painful cough from a normal one - it is often accompanied by wheezing, fever, and is systematic.

Dry air and dust in the apartment can cause coughing

The most common causes of cough in infants:

• infectious diseases (colds and flu, bronchitis, tonsillitis, etc.);
• dry air;
• foreign bodies in the throat;
• burns and wounds.

Also common cause cough becomes allergy. For a newly born child, all surrounding substances seem foreign, because the immune system has not yet fully developed. As a result - cough, snot and skin rashes in response to quite familiar factors (dust, small hairs, pollen, etc.).

Attention! A persistent painful cough in an infant is a very alarming sign. At the first suspicion of any illness, it is better to call a therapist. Otherwise, parents expose their child to great danger - any illness is extremely difficult for him to bear and must be treated correctly.

If the cough does not go away for a long time, then you should show the child to the doctor.

Treatment of non-infectious cough

Sometimes it happens that the baby coughs, but does not get sick. This can be understood by his general health, the absence of high fever and high activity. In this case, the symptom cannot be ignored, because its presence indicates hidden pathologies.

Most often, such a cough develops from dried air in a house or apartment, especially if the heating season has begun - the radiators evaporate all the moisture during operation. In this case, it is better to purchase a special device - an air humidifier - and place it in the room where the small child is kept. Regular spraying with spray bottles also helps. The easiest way is to leave a well-moistened rag on the battery (but you will have to do this quite often).

When a child has an obvious allergy (this can be understood by severe coughing attacks that suddenly stop, tearing, rash, swelling of the face and limbs), antihistamines (Suprastin, Tavigil, Fenistil) will help. However, you can completely get rid of a cough only after a visit to a specialist.

Suprastin will help cope with allergic cough

Sometimes foreign objects get into babies' throats - accidentally or due to parental oversight. In this case foreign object, stuck in the airways, causes a persistent cough. You cannot remove it yourself - you need to call a therapist or go to the clinic to see an otolaryngologist, who will safely perform an operation to remove the foreign body.

When your child begins to cough heavily, but the reasons for the development of this symptom have not yet been fully elucidated, parents should adhere to a number of rules to alleviate the baby’s condition and improve coughing. Then the consequences of the disease will be minimal.

When a small child has a cough, you should:

• Provide plenty of fluids for the baby (after 3 months);
• regularly ventilate the room;
• sometimes pick up the child and turn him around.

Let your child drink more

If the weather permits (it’s not cold outside, there’s no wind or precipitation), you can go for a walk with your baby. Fresh air is good for the throat, improves expectoration and helps the immune system.

Cough preparations

How to treat a cough if it is caused by an infectious disease? Traditional methods involve the use of drugs. But not tablets, but special solutions or drops - they are harmless to babies.

A baby’s cough can be relieved with the following medications:

• mucolytics (Bromhexine, ACC, Ambroxol);
• expectorants (Stoptussin, Prospan, Gedelix);
• antitussives (Sinekod, Panatus, Linkas).

Children aged 2, 4 months and older can take the above medications. For wet coughs, expectorants are given to help remove mucus from the respiratory tract. For dry skin with severe inflammation, mucolytics are suitable (they make sputum less viscous) in combination with antitussives.

Panatus is an effective antitussive remedy

Important: when wet cough Do not give antitussive drugs - it causes stagnation of mucus. Also, do not give symptom suppressants and expectorants at the same time.

This remedy is excellent for treating small child. The bow is very strong antiseptic, and therefore when it hits the surface sore throat produces powerful healing effect. It not only kills the infection, but also slows down its spread. Among other things, the oils contained in onions have enveloping effect, protecting tissues from irritation.

Preparing this product does not take much time - you just need to finely chop (or grate) 1-2 onions, mix with natural honey and leave for a couple of hours to infuse. If you don't have honey at home, you can use regular sugar. The resulting product is given to the patient 1 tsp. in the morning, at lunch and before bed.

You can prepare a cough remedy for your baby using onion juice.

Rubbing with badger fat

This home method The treatment is suitable even for a month-old baby. Animal fat helps improve blood flow in the area where inflammation occurs ( rib cage, throat) and relieve excessive swelling - this helps to cough up phlegm.

Rubbing should be done like this: apply a sufficient amount to the skin of the baby’s chest. badger fat and very carefully spread it in a circular motion throughout the lung area to the neck. When the product is absorbed, the patient should be wrapped for a while. The procedure can be carried out daily, but no more than once a day. At a temperature of 38 and above, rubbing should not be done.

More than one child has been cured using this method. If your child feels unwell and coughs a lot, you can use beneficial herbal remedies- they are natural, do not cause allergies or side effects.

Herbal decoctions are very popular remedy, it can also be given to babies

If your baby is sick, the following decoctions and infusions are suitable for him:

• coltsfoot;
• licorice;
• chamomile;
• mint.

The dosage of any of the indicated herbal decoctions for babies is 1 tsp. three times a day. However, preferring to call a therapist home therapy It is worth remembering that no one is immune from complications - self-medication rarely leads to positive results. When infant coughs, most the best option will trust the experts.

In this video they will tell you how to properly treat children's cough:

Data-lazy-type="image" data-src="https://prostudych.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/traheit1..jpg 624w, https://prostudych.ru/wp-content/ uploads/2016/12/traheit1-300x200.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 248px) 100vw, 248px"> Parents are always worried about the health of their child, even if he does not give them a reason to worry, and if such a reason appears, then mom and dad immediately begin to find out the symptoms of what disease their child has manifested.

Coughing in children happens quite often and there can be many reasons for this, but a severe cough in a child can be a sign of either an ordinary cold or a much more serious illness. In any case, it is necessary to understand what causes its appearance and how it can be cured.

Types of cough in a child

Data-lazy-type="image" data-src="https://prostudych.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/1112-300x2941.jpg" alt="1112-300x2941" width="300" height="294"> !} Medical reference says the cough is reflex action, during which foreign substances are removed from the respiratory tract, since these substances may interfere with normal breathing. There are two main types: pathological and physiological.

Physiological cough is a completely normal process for healthy body. Absolutely healthy child may cough approximately 20 to 30 times during the day, most often in the morning. This type of cough allows you to clear the airways of mucus that has accumulated there overnight, or to get rid of small particles of food and other foreign bodies that have entered the bronchi. It is worth noting that in an infant, even crying can sometimes be accompanied by a cough.

Pathological cough, unlike physiological cough, is regularly repeated throughout the day and often has the character of attacks. It is this type that may indicate that the child has diseases related to the respiratory system.

In about 90 percent of cases, this type of cough is caused by infectious diseases(various ARVIs). The remaining 10 percent comes from allergic reactions caused by any irritant.

An infectious cough can be distinguished from an allergic cough by a number of accompanying symptoms:

1. increase in body temperature
2. general deterioration in the child's well-being
3. other manifestations of infectious diseases

In case if paroxysmal cough is not accompanied by any other signs of infection and at the same time there have been changes in the child’s environment that can lead to allergies (pets, new plants, other household chemicals), then the likelihood that the cough is allergic is extremely high. In this case, recommendations on how to get rid of allergic cough will primarily concern finding the cause of the allergy.

Read also: Aloe for coughs for adults and children

By nature it is divided into dry and wet. Everything is simple here: wet is accompanied by coughing up phlegm, but dry is not.

Treatment of cough in a child

Data-lazy-type="image" data-src="https://prostudych.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/gorlo1.jpg" alt="gorlo" width="300" height="216"> !} The main thing in treating a severe cough in a child is to alleviate the illness itself, and then increase the effectiveness of the cough. First of all, it is necessary for the doctor, after familiarizing himself with the picture of the disease, to make a diagnosis and decide on the necessary treatment. Depending on the reason why the child coughs a lot, the doctor prescribes either expectorants to increase the amount of sputum (in this case, the cough may even intensify somewhat), or suppressive drugs (in this case, the intensity will decrease).

Of course, this kind of drugs should be prescribed only in cases where the cough is not allergic. If an allergy is suspected, tests are first carried out for various allergens, and then, if possible, the child is isolated from this irritant.

Parents need to remember that necessary treatment both drugs and procedures must be prescribed by a doctor, since misuse medications can not only lead to a deterioration in health, but in some cases even require hospitalization.

A delayed visit to the doctor can cause the disease to develop into a chronic one. Therefore, if your child coughs a lot, then the question “what to do” has only one answer - immediately contact a specialist who will indicate how to treat the cough in a particular case.

Parents do not always know how to help their child with a severe cough, although to alleviate the child’s condition, even before prescribing treatment, you can follow the following recommendationsdata-lazy-type="image" data-src="https://prostudych.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/lepeshki1.jpg" alt="lepeshki" width="300" height="215"> !} :

• give the child plenty of warm drinks (tea, milk, herbal infusions)
• ventilate the room more often
• Regularly carry out wet cleaning of the premises
• give the sick child more frequent breaths of clean, non-dry air
• if a child has a strong dry cough, he can be given inhalations

The main types of diseases accompanied by a severe cough

Bronchial asthma in children it is the cause severe attacks cough, especially at night. Also, this disease can be accompanied by pain in the chest and abdomen, since the muscles of the diaphragm are constantly tense. A coughing attack can last up to an hour and ends with the coughing up of viscous sputum.

Whooping cough causes an intense cough of a convulsive nature in the child, which may be accompanied by the urge to vomit. Initially, the symptoms of whooping cough are very similar to those of a cold, but treatment with conventional means, such as inhalations or mustard plasters, is not successful.

Read also: Treatment of cough with folk remedies in children quickly

Data-lazy-type="image" data-src="https://prostudych.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/pobochnye-efekty-300x2001.jpg" alt="pobochnye-efekty" width="300" height="200"> !} Respiratory diseases respiratory tract in children are often accompanied by attacks of dry, barking cough. Upon appointment proper treatment This kind of attack goes away after 3-4 days, but in its absence, the consequences can be bronchitis or even pneumonia.

Acute bronchitis always accompanied by a frequent and severe dry cough. This disease is a consequence of inflammation of the bronchial mucosa and is accompanied by fever, sore throat and runny nose. With bronchitis, the cough has a very pronounced dry character for the first few days, and then turns into a wet one.

Laryngitis in children it is also initially characterized by a dry cough, and already during the treatment it becomes wet and is accompanied by expectoration of sputum. Doctors warn about the particular danger of laryngitis in very young children, since the swelling of the mucous membrane that accompanies the disease can practically block the flow of air into the larynx.

Concluding the list of causes of cough, it is worth noting that in children it may not be caused by a disease, but may be the result of the penetration of a foreign body into the respiratory tract. In this case, everything goes away after removing the source of irritation.

How to treat a severe cough at home

Data-lazy-type="image" data-src="https://prostudych.ru/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/2-4-300x2101.jpg" alt="2-4 -300x2101" width="300" height="210"> !} Treatment of a severe cough in a child requires the mandatory participation of the attending physician, who will prescribe the necessary medications and procedures, and in addition, if the child coughs, the following recommendations can be used for treatment.

If you have a humidifier in your home, it is recommended to use it in the room with a sick child. Water vapor in the air will soothe a sore throat and make the nasal mucosa more moist.

Don't forget the warmth drinking plenty of fluids, which helps reduce mucus buildup and dilute it. Excess mucus in the nose can be removed with a cotton swab.

Get rid of potential sources of allergies in the room, move indoor plants, keep pets away, and carry out regular wet cleaning of the room to remove dust.

Contact your pediatrician for treatment and do not use medications without consulting your doctor. A qualified doctor will tell you how to stop a severe cough and treat the disease that causes it in children.

Treatment of severe cough with traditional methods

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Lemon and honey. One lemon is softened by immersing it in boiling water for a few minutes. Then the soft lemon is cut in half and the maximum amount of juice is extracted from it. The resulting juice is poured into a glass, two tablespoons of glycerin are added there, and then the glass is topped up with honey. Shake the resulting syrup before use and take one teaspoon 4-5 times a day, which helps stop a child’s severe cough.