Drugs that improve brain activity. It is also used for other conditions. Side effects of Piracetam



modern medicine, opens up a huge number of opportunities for people. Regardless of the type of activity, medicine makes it possible to improve memory and nootropics will help in this, which we will discuss in detail in this article. These drugs will help you become more concentrated and have a positive effect on the flexibility of thinking, quick wit and activity.

Nootropics are neurometabolic stimulants that improve memory, activity and mental mobility.

Important! The use of drugs without first consulting a doctor can lead to the opposite effect and worsen your well-being!

Nootropics have a positive effect and strengthen:

  1. Memory
  2. Neuropalsity of cells
  3. concentration
  4. thought processes
  5. Strengthen the nervous system as a whole

Consider how nootropics work on the human body:

  • Stimulate blood circulation
  • Create barriers to oxygen starvation
  • Improve cognitive functions, that is, the processing and memorization of any information
  • When taking these drugs, the flow of glucose into the body improves.

Some historical facts:

  • The term "nootropic" in Greek means - "I change", "I turn" (Noos - mind, tropos - I change)
  • The concept of nootropics was developed by Belgian pharmacologists in 1963. The first drug of this group was -.
  • Before the creation of nootropic substances, there were predecessors, psychostimulants - substances that had the ability to temporarily increase a person's endurance.

Memory loss usually occurs in people old age when brain function is disrupted. The main reasons associated with the weakening of memory are:

  • Bad habits
  • Improper nutrition
  • Stress that adversely affects the entire body as a whole
  • Overworking the body on an ongoing basis

Of the vitamins that improve memory, folic acid (B9) and other compounds from subgroup B are especially important, nicotinic acid (PP) is also useful. The intake of vitamin complexes, or drugs, must be discussed with your doctor, it is there that you will receive the right advice.

In order for the brain to function well without taking drugs, it is necessary to maintain healthy lifestyle life, observe the rules of proper nutrition, however, there are cases when this is all observed by a person, but the functions of thinking are still weakening.

Nootropics are used for diseases of the central nervous system:

  • Alcoholism (psychoorganic syndrome)
  • Sequelae of traumatic brain injury
  • Impaired thinking, memory
  • Problems with speech
  • depression
  • Ischemic stroke
  • Neuroinfections
  • Hyperkinesis
  • urinary disorders
  • Migraine
  • Neurotic and neurological disorders

And also, upon detection of dementia, mental retardation and psychological development, and also, in order for an improving effect to occur.

Each medication has both indications for use, in this case, all of the above, and contraindications. Contraindications are:

  • Severe impairment of the functioning of the renal system
  • The period of pregnancy and lactation
  • With individual sensitivity of the human body
  • In case of tissue hemorrhage

Types of Nootropics

There are two types of nootropics, these are:

  1. Synthetic
  2. natural
  • Synthetic nootropics, The most common drug used for impaired attention, inability to concentrate, as well as in the presence of any other disorders, is piracetam.
  • Acephen is a drug that improves brain activity, stimulates memory.
  • Selegiline - the drug is used to treat the elderly. It was invented specifically for Parkinson's. When taking this nootropic, the mood rises, well-being becomes better.

Means are prescribed exclusively by a doctor after examination and are medicines. The list of drugs is much wider, we have only given the most common of them as an example.

natural nootropics. In addition to the use of medicines, natural substances and amino acids are also used along with them.

Natural nootropics are: neuroexcel, lecithin, gotu-kola.

Classification of nootropics

  1. Means that tend to stimulate metabolic processes in nerve cells:
  • piracetam
  • aminalon, picamilon
  • pantogam
  • acephene
  • glycine, actovegin
  • vitamin B15, vitamin E, folic acid and others
  1. Means that have a positive effect on blood vessels:
  • istenon
  • vincepotin
  • cinnarazine
  1. Means that positively affect learning and memory:
  • galantamine
  • endorphins
  • corticotropin

In order to improve brain activity and memory, you need to eat right.

Foods that improve brain function: cereals, nuts, eggs, leafy vegetables, blueberries and black currants, fish, apples. Lead an active lifestyle and follow correct mode sleep and wakefulness. Sleep allows the nervous system to rest and recover. Do not forget about a straight back, straight posture is the key to mental health.

Side effects of drugs

When taking medications, you may experience the following: side effects:

  1. Headaches, insomnia;
  2. Hypersensitivity to external factors;
  3. Pronounced irritability;
  4. pressure drops;
  5. Nausea, discomfort inside the stomach;
  6. diarrhea, constipation;
  7. Also possible allergic reactions organism.

Nootropics are prescribed by doctors: a neurologist, a psychiatrist, an ophthalmologist, a cardiologist, a pediatrician, a neurosurgeon.

One of the Massachusetts psychiatrists named Emily Deans, believes that an absolutely healthy person does not need to take pills, in his opinion, they can only do harm.

While a large number of scientists, says that the funds are created only to help the brain work productively, improve memory, some of them have shown the devastating effect of Alzheimer's disease.

In order to clearly decide, you should be examined by a doctor. It is not worth starting a course of medication on your own, it can turn into serious negative consequences for the body.

Nootropics for children are special medical devices which help to strengthen the nervous system. With their help, the stimulation of the metabolic process in the nervous tissues of the child is activated.

Properly selected medicines will be effective and safe means for kids. Pediatricians often prescribe drugs to increase brain activity and restore the body in cases where children have suffered injuries, there is cerebral infarction, internal hypoxia, if the child needs to increase their intelligence and flexibility of thinking.

Pills to improve brain activity can positively affect the child's body as a whole, and in particular:

  • Significantly improve the child's memory;
  • Stimulate memory to memorize information;
  • Develop the child's creativity;
  • Increase activity and curiosity;

The neurologist will select effective means for the treatment of children different ages from newborns to adolescence.

Indications for the use of drugs

  1. Cerebral palsy
  2. Lack of concentration
  3. backward development
  4. speech delay
  5. Damage to the nervous system during childbirth
  6. Hyperkinesis

Contraindications for use

  1. Decreased activity of the kidneys
  2. Degenerative diseases of the nervous system
  3. Increased intracranial pressure
  4. Intolerance to the body of the child.

Important! Experts noted that children tolerate treatment with nootropic substances more easily than adults. Medication will not interfere children's sleep, but for an adult, their use can turn into a side effect in the form of insomnia.

When children take nootropics, side effects occur in very rare cases and are mild.

One of the popular pills for children is a medication called Pantogam. The remedy is prescribed by a doctor, in cases with hydrocephalus, as well as in the presence of various injuries. Pantogam reduces the number of seizures that affect the child's nervous system. One of the signs of neurological diseases is headaches, in this case, pantogam is also prescribed by a doctor, it also has an analgesic effect, and increases the child's concentration.

Along with Pantogam, there is another drug called Glycine, it is prescribed to patients of any age. Glycine is prescribed even to the smallest patients to increase attention, develop memory, and normalize night sleep.

Medications should be taken only after consulting a doctor and must be combined with moderate physical activity, proper nutrition, as well as various mental stress in the form of crossword puzzles and puzzles.

Without recipe

Without a doctor's prescription, you can buy in pharmacies:

  • Glycine. Application form: 1 tablet 3 times a day.
  • Undevit. A complex of vitamins A, B, C, E and P. Form of application: 2-3 tablets per day, applied daily for 20-30 days.
  • Aminalon. Form of application: 1/3 of the daily dose 3 times a day. Daily dose: children from 1 to 3 years: 1-2 years, ages 4 to 6: 2-3 years, over 7 years: 3 years. It is applied from 2 weeks to 4 months.
  • Bilobil. Application form: 1 capsule 3 times a day for 3 months
  • Intellan. Application form: 1 capsule 2 times a day after meals in the morning and evening. It is used for 4 weeks
  • Ginko Boloba. Application form: 1 capsule (80 mg). Apply 2 times a day for 6-8 weeks
  • brainrush. Application form: 1 capsule (80 mg). Apply 2 times a day for 6-8 weeks

Video

The human brain is a truly amazing and complexly organized mechanism that works without rest throughout life - from birth to death. The work of the brain is an autonomous and well-established process that coordinates and controls all other activities of the body. However, from time to time, even such a perfectly tuned structure can give a periodic failure, characterized by a decrease in brain functions. Adequately selected therapy will help to solve the problem.

What factors affect brain function

Correct and balanced diet . For the full functioning of the brain, it is necessary to supply a sufficient amount of proteins (for the supply of vital amino acids), fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and trace elements. The brain especially loves foods with high content glucose in the composition, because it is a universal nutrient substrate for neurons. Preference should be given to fruits, vegetables and cereals.

The same item includes meals every 4-5 hours (so that the brain cells do not starve and do not lose their efficiency) and regular breakfast - after a long break for 7-10 hours, the brain needs to be recharged more than ever nutrients for normal activities.

Compliance with the drinking regime. For the proper functioning of neurons, the onset of a state of dehydration is highly undesirable. Even a small lack of fluid negatively affects the processing of information and the compilation of complex neural connections.

Sleep compliance. A person needs at least 8 hours a day to restore the body. Regular lack of sleep leads to the irreversible death of brain cells, decreased performance and depression general condition.

stressful situations. With high psycho-emotional stress, neural connections break, memory deteriorates and intellectual abilities decrease.

Bad habits. It is possible not to mention their general negative effect on the body as a whole, but it is worth noting that they act especially aggressively on the brain.

Too much information. In the absence of pauses and rest between the incoming streams of new knowledge and skills, it becomes more difficult for the brain to process and retain information in memory.

Lack of physical activity. Daily feasible physical activity prevents stagnation, increases blood circulation and saturates it with oxygen. It is not necessary to torture yourself with grueling strength training, even banal ones. hiking within a few hours can significantly improve the situation.

Indications for the use of drugs for brain function

  1. Dizziness, memory loss.
  2. Sleep disorders (anxiety, tinnitus.
  3. Increased fatigue and decreased concentration.
  4. Medicines are indicated for people experiencing prolonged mental and psycho-emotional stress, staying in long-term stressful situations and depressive states.
  5. Recovery after strokes alcohol intoxication, traumatic brain injury, neurosis.
  6. Migraines (with and without aura), speech disorders.
  7. Delays in mental and psychological development.
  8. Neurotic and neurological disorders.
  • Gingko biloba (plant antioxidant);
  • Glycine (amino acid);
  • Omega - 3 fatty acids;
  • Vitamin complexes C and E;
  • Piracetam (synthetic nootropic).

Nootropics

Stimulant drugs that activate metabolic processes in nerve cells, improving memory and mental abilities. Among nootropics, it is customary to distinguish between synthetic and natural. Synthetic ones include Piracetam, Acephen. To natural - lecithin and gotu-kola.

Herbal medicines

Tanakan, Vitrum Memory, vitamin complexes with ginseng extract (for example, Vision), preparations with eleutherococcus extract.

Medications that improve memory in the elderly

  1. Piracetam (Nootropil) - very effective in senile dementia, after strokes and in the treatment of coma various genesis(vascular, traumatic, toxic).
  2. Preparations folic acid(its concentration is sharply reduced in the elderly, which leads to memory impairment, problems with concentration and depression).
  3. Choline (increases the content of acetylcholine in the body and eliminates the signs of senile dementia).
  4. Phenibut (in especially severe conditions).
  5. Glycine (for the treatment of sclerosis and amnesia).

Medicines to improve brain function in children

Taking medications for this category of patients should be carried out only under the strict supervision of a doctor and with careful control of the dosages taken. Most often, children are prescribed the following drugs:

  • Glycine. Works effectively during periods of active preparation for tests and exams.
  • Piracetam - contributes to a better assimilation of school material.
  • Tanakan. Well relieves mental and mental stress, promotes rapid memorization of information.

Mexidol is an excellent medicine for improving brain function and memory


The drug is available in the form of tablets. Increases the body's resistance to different kind shock situations (hypoxia, ischemia) and exposure to negative factors (severe alcohol poisoning and neuroleptics). It improves microcirculation and blood supply to the brain, reduces the amount of cholesterol in the blood, has anti-stress characteristics (normalizes sleep, memory and brain activity), eliminates the effects of severe stress and traumatic brain injury.

Glycine for brain function



Packaging with tablets - Glycine

Glycine is widely known in Russia and has been used to normalize brain functions since the Soviet era. The range of application is wide, it is prescribed for both the elderly and children. It restores sleep in patients, reduces anxiety and aggressiveness, increases efficiency and emotional stability. Among the side effects, allergic reactions are noted, so it is recommended to take it only as directed by a doctor and with strict monitoring for the manifestation of hypersensitivity reactions.

Folk remedies to improve brain function

In addition to the use of industrial drugs, patients widely use drugs traditional medicine and traditional recipes based on natural ingredients.

Good dynamics in the treatment of memory disorders is demonstrated by tinctures based on clover and red ashberry bark, infusions of mint and sage, healing mixtures from elecampane root with the addition of vodka. To further maintain the result, freshly squeezed juices of blueberries, onions, tomatoes, carrots, and beets are made. Recommended consumption (in moderation) of nuts, seaweed, raw carrot and beetroot salads, seafood and cold-pressed vegetable oils.

To improve memory and brain activity, it is enough to follow some simple rules. Thanks to them, you can keep a bright and sharp mind for a long time.

  • Solve Sudoku and simple arithmetic problems in your mind, solve crosswords and puzzles.
  • Learn verses by heart and in reverse order.
  • Drink enough water and eat right.
  • Remember the faces and names of as many people as possible.
  • Keep a diary with an accurate recording of all the events that occur.
  • Learning new languages, cooking recipes, mastering unusual hobbies - in a word, everything that was previously unfamiliar to the brain.
  • Do sport.
  • Invent and build associative chains even for the simplest objects.
  • Develop vocabulary and use new words as often as possible in the correct context.
  • Sleep enough hours a day.
  • Try to write memoirs with the most extensive coverage of all life incidents, starting from early childhood.
  • Memorize and sing your favorite songs, at the same time you can memorize melodies and motives.
  • Set your life on a positive wave, worry less about trifles and avoid stressful situations.

As many say that best medicine to improve brain activity is maintaining the right lifestyle and a positive mood.

As long as memory does not fail, you can not think about all the features of complex processes occurring in the brain.

Until some time, people miss information on how to strengthen it with medicines.

But when certain circumstances occur (for example, you need to remember a lot of information to master a profession or successfully pass exams), sometimes it becomes necessary to find effective means and methods to improve brain function and memory.

However, most often, drugs to improve memory are prescribed to elderly patients whose mental work is reduced not only due to existing diseases, but also due to old age.

Why go to the doctor

With problems of memory impairment, it is necessary to consult a neurologist, who, by the nature of his specialization, deals with such disorders of the brain. Moreover, not all funds are sold in the pharmacy in the public domain, many of them require prescriptions.

Experts do not recommend self-administration of drugs for the reason that improperly selected drugs will do more harm than good. Before you start drinking synthetic drugs, you can first try taking vitamins and turn to folk recipes tinctures and decoctions.

Sometimes, it seems that the easiest way is to go to pharmacists and buy what is being advertised in the media.

Therefore, it is important to know how each drug is useful and dangerous for improving memory and maintaining brain function.

After examining, the specialist may prescribe vitamins, preparations containing plant extracts, nootropics or other dosage forms to the patient.

Action of nootropics


Nootropics are included in the group of neurometabolic stimulants, they have a special effect on the brain, stimulating cognitive functions, strengthen memory, and increase the ability to learn. At the same time, they do not disrupt the activity of movements and do not affect reflexes.

The nootropic effect of drugs is that they affect the functions of the central nervous system, participating in metabolic processes in nerve tissues.

Activation of processes contributes to:

  • improvement of cerebral circulation;
  • increased resistance to negative influences environment;
  • decrease in inertia;
  • restoration of the functions of the nervous system;
  • concentration of attention.

Also, drugs to improve memory reduce arousal, act as antidepressants with a slight effect of sleeping pills. They are not toxic and are well combined with medicines of other groups, but are often addictive.

Prescription Nootropics


One of the available and widespread domestic drugs is Piracetam, created in 1972. It was prescribed to elderly patients who had circulatory failures in the brain.

Based on piracetam (the active ingredient), many new products have been created that are now used around the world. The drug is ideal for improving memory and brain function in adults with malfunctioning of the central nervous system, with mental illness and various dependencies. Sometimes it is prescribed for children after hypoxia and birth injuries.

Another medicine based on piracetam is Nootropil. Very carefully used after a hemorrhage.

It is prescribed after a cerebral infarction and with pathology of cerebral vessels, with intoxication, dementia. In pediatrics, it is prescribed to eliminate injuries after childbirth, to children with diseases cerebral palsy and mental retardation.

Pharmacy doping FOR THE BRAIN, or drugs to improve concentration.

Hello dear readers.

In today's article, we will talk about how to stimulate your brain to work and increase the productivity of physical labor.

I think many people know that our whole life is controlled by the Central Nervous System, which includes:

Lower and middle parts of the CNS - spinal cord, medulla, midbrain, diencephalon and cerebellum - regulate activity individual bodies and systems of a highly developed organism, carry out communication and interaction between them, ensure the unity of the organism and the integrity of its activities.

The highest department of the central nervous system - the cortex hemispheres of the brain and the nearest subcortical formations - mainly regulates the connection and relationship of the body as a whole with the environment.

From the foregoing, it should be clear that the central nervous system works around the clock, all our lives, and gradually becomes unusable. The older a person is, the worse his memory, coordination, speed of thinking, etc. are.

Since physical activity requires increased work of the central nervous system, she quickly gets tired and needs a good rest, which cannot be expected in the rhythm of modern life. With a lack of sleep, constant stress and other factors common to people, in the body of each person there comes a moment of nervous overload, when the ability to concentrate, concentrate significantly decreases.

Neurotropic drugs - an extensive group of drugs that have an effect on the nervous system: central and peripheral. They can inhibit or stimulate the transmission of nervous excitation in various parts of the (central) nervous system, reduce or increase the sensitivity of nerve endings in peripheral nerves, affect different types receptors, synapses.

Below we will analyze the most popular neurotropic drugs available in pharmacies.

1) Memantine - a drug for the treatment of dementia Alzheimer's. Memantine is a voltage-dependent non-competitive inhibitor of NMDA receptors with a moderate affinity for them. It modulates the action of pathologically elevated tonic glutamate, which can lead to neuronal dysfunction. Thanks to this, it is easier to restore the working capacity of the brain, as well as to acquire new knowledge and skills.

The standard dose is 5-20 mg per day at the same time.

2) Glycine. (aminoacetic acid, aminoethanoic acid) - the simplest aliphatic amino acid, the only proteinogenic amino acid that does not have optical isomers.

Glycine is a metabolic regulator, normalizes and activates the processes of protective inhibition in the central nervous system, reduces psycho-emotional stress, and increases mental performance. Glycine has glycine- and GABAergic, α1-adrenergic blocking, antioxidant, antitoxic effects; regulates the activity of glutamate (NMDA) receptors, due to which the drug is able to:

Reduce psycho-emotional stress, aggressiveness, conflict, increase social adaptation;

improve mood;

Facilitate falling asleep and normalize sleep;

Increase mental performance;

Reduce vegetovascular disorders (including in menopause);

Reduce the severity of brain disorders, with ischemic stroke and TBI;

Reduce the toxic effect of alcohol and other drugs that depress the function of the central nervous system.

The standard dose is 200-400 mg per day.

3) Caffeine - an alkaloid found in tea leaves (about 2%), coffee seeds (1-2%), cola nuts. It has a direct stimulating effect on the central nervous system: it regulates and enhances excitation processes in the cerebral cortex, respiratory and vasomotor centers, activates positive conditioned reflexes and motor activity. Stimulates mental activity, increases mental and physical performance, shortens reaction time. After taking it, cheerfulness appears, fatigue and drowsiness are temporarily eliminated or reduced. Causes quickening and deepening of breathing, especially against the background of depression of the respiratory center. Affects cardiovascular system: increases strength and heart rate (especially in large doses), increases blood pressure with hypotension (does not change normal). Expands the bronchi, bile ducts, blood vessels skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, constricts - organs abdominal cavity(especially when they dilate). Reduces platelet aggregation. It has a moderate diuretic effect, mainly due to a decrease in the reabsorption of electrolytes in the renal tubules. Stimulates the secretion of the stomach glands. Increases basal metabolism, enhances glycogenolysis, causing hyperglycemia.

The standard dose is 300-600 mg per day, divided into several doses. The total daily dose is not more than 1000 mg.

4) Piracetam. A drug that activates associative processes in the central nervous system improves memory, mood and mentality in healthy and sick people. Stimulates the integrative activity of the brain and intellectual activity, improves synaptic conduction in the cortex and connections between the hemispheres of the brain, facilitates learning processes, restores and stabilizes impaired brain functions (consciousness, memory, speech), increases mental performance. It normalizes the ratio of ATP and ADP (activates adenylate cyclase and inhibits nucleotide phosphatase), increases the activity of phospholipase A, stimulates plastic and bioenergetic processes in the nervous tissue, accelerates the exchange of neurotransmitters. Increases the resistance of brain tissue to hypoxia and toxic effects, enhances the synthesis of nuclear RNA and phospholipids, stimulates glycolytic processes, enhances the utilization of glucose in the brain. It improves microcirculation, blocks platelet aggregation, optimizes the conformational properties of the erythrocyte membrane and the ability of erythrocytes to pass through microvessels, increases regional blood flow in ischemic areas of the brain. It has a neuroprotective effect during hypoxia, trauma, intoxication, electroconvulsive effects.

The standard dose is 1-3 grams per day.

5) Ginkgo biloba. Standardized extract from the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba plant. Contains flavonoglycosides, terpenolactones (ginkgolides and bilobalides) and other extractives. Normalizes metabolism in cells, rheological properties of blood and microcirculation, as well as vasomotor reactions of blood vessels. Improves cerebral circulation and supplying the brain with oxygen and glucose. It has a dose-dependent vasoregulatory effect, stimulates the production of endothelial relaxing factor, expands small arteries, increases the tone of the veins, regulating the blood supply to the vessels. It inhibits phosphodiesterase, which leads to the accumulation of cGMP in arterioles, a decrease in the tone of arterioles, including spasmodic ones, and an increase in blood flow in the microvasculature. It inhibits the platelet activating factor, inhibits the aggregation of platelets and erythrocytes, prevents thrombosis and the release of mediators that increase the tone of smooth muscle. Reduces permeability vascular wall, has a pronounced anti-edematous effect (brain, peripheral tissues). It has antihypoxic, antioxidant properties. It prevents the formation of free radicals and lipid peroxidation of cell membranes, promotes an increase in the number of mitochondria and the accumulation of ATP in cells, an increase in the utilization of oxygen and glucose, and the normalization of mediator processes in the central nervous system.

The standard dose is 120-240 mg per day.

6) Meclafenoxate (b-dimethylaminoethyl ester of parachlorophenoxyacetic acid hydrochloride). A drug used in the treatment of organic lesions of the brain; asthenic syndrome in traumatic and vascular diseases brain. It is cleaved in the body to form para-chlorophenoxyacetic acid and dimethylaminoethanol, which is a free radical inhibitor and a moderate CNS stimulant. It improves metabolic processes in brain tissues, especially under conditions of hypoxia, increases the content of acetylcholine in presynaptic endings and increases the density of cholinergic receptors, improves synaptic transmission in the hypothalamic and other areas of the brain. Stimulates cognitive functions.

The standard dose is 300-1500 mg / day in 3-5 doses.

7) Semax. A drug used to increase the adaptive capabilities of the human body in extreme situations, as well as nootropic in people aged 5 years and older with treatment brain dysfunctions(including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). The drug affects the processes associated with the formation of memory and learning. It enhances attention during learning and analysis of information, improves the consolidation of a memory trace, improves the body's adaptation to hypoxia, cerebral ischemia, anesthesia and other damaging effects.

It has a stimulating effect on the population of cholinergic neurons in the basal nuclei of the forebrain.

Directed action on cholinergic neurons is accompanied by a significant increase in the activity of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme of specific brain structures, which correlates with an improvement in learning and memory formation. Renders direct action on molecular trigger mechanisms, on the normalization of the balance of cytokines and on the increase in the level of anti-inflammatory factors, reducing the formation of nitric oxide, causing inhibition of the processes of lipid peroxidation (LPO), activation of the synthesis of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and a decrease in the level of cyclic guazine monophosphate (cGMP).

standard dose. One drop of the standard solution contains 50 µg active substance. With a pipette, a solution of the drug in an amount of not more than 2-3 drops is injected into each nasal passage. If it is necessary to increase the dosage, the administration is carried out in several doses at intervals of 10-15 minutes.

A single dose is 200–2000 mcg (at the rate of 3–30 mcg/kg).

The daily dose is 500-5000 mcg (at the rate of 7-70 mcg / kg).

The drug is prescribed daily for 3-5 days,

8) Idebenone. Organic antioxidant of the quinone family, created in Japan. Also known as NOBEN. Improves blood supply to brain tissue and oxygen delivery to them. Stimulates metabolic processes in the brain: activates the synthesis of glucose, ATP, promotes the elimination of lactate. It slows down lipid peroxidation and protects the membranes of neurons and mitochondria from damage. Modulates neurophysiological reactions of brain structures.

The standard dose is 30-90 mg in the morning.

9) Cellex. (Proteins and polypeptides of the embryonic brain of animal origin) The presence of tissue-specific signal proteins and polypeptides - growth factors, differentiation of nerve cells in the drug - determines its direct neuroreparative effect by regulating the concentrations of the neurotransmitter pool with inhibition of excitatory amino acid spillover.

The drug activates secondary neuroprotection by stimulating the processes of synaptogenesis, restoring autophagy signals, improving tissue immunoregulation with inhibition of the immunogenic cytotoxicity of macrophages. At the same time, a tissue-specific and systemic reparative effect of the drug is noted with the restoration of the regenerative and reparative potential of brain cells, a decrease in the number of damaged cells and the severity of perifocal edema in the penumbra zone (allows for a significant limitation of the focus of brain tissue necrosis) with the restoration of microcirculation and general perfusion.

Restoration and regulatory stimulation of various CNS compartments with systemic exposure to growth factors, differentiation, and signaling molecules reduces the recovery and rehabilitation of patients with damage to the CNS and peripheral nervous system of vascular origin and restores motor, sensory, and cognitive functions.

Standard dose Solution for subcutaneous administration, 0.1 mg/ml.

The drug is injected s / c through a sterile syringe filter included in the kit. 0.1-0.2 mg 1 time per day s / c for 10 days,

10) Glutamic acid. A non-essential amino acid that enters the body with food, and is also synthesized in the body during transamination in the process of protein catabolism. Participates in protein and carbohydrate metabolism, stimulates oxidative processes, prevents the reduction of redox potential, increases the body's resistance to hypoxia. Normalizes metabolism by changing functional state nervous and endocrine systems.

It is a neurotransmitter amino acid that stimulates the transmission of excitation in the synapses of the central nervous system. Participates in the synthesis of other amino acids, acetylcholine, ATP, promotes the transfer of potassium ions, improves the activity of skeletal muscles (is one of the components of myofibrils). It has a detoxifying effect, promotes the neutralization and removal of ammonia from the body. Normalizes the processes of glycolysis in tissues, has a hepatoprotective effect, inhibits the secretory function of the stomach.

The standard dose is 5-10 grams per day.

Despite the fact that neurotropic agents differ active substance and mechanism of action, while they all have similar properties, namely:

Improvement thought processes- cognitive functions or cognitive processes (learning);

Improving the speed of memorization and storage strength of the received information (memory);

Improving the reproduction of available information, increasing intellectual activity, the volume of intellectual capabilities;

Deterioration of extraction from memory (forgetting) information about pain or stressful conditions;

Stimulation of metabolic processes in the nervous tissue, especially with various disorders - anoxia, intoxication, trauma, etc. (bring the level of metabolism to the level of optimally functioning neurons);

Improving the impact on higher nervous activity and mental condition with functional or morphological disorders;

Increasing the resistance of brain thought processes to the effects of adverse factors of the external and internal environment (hypoxia, trauma, strokes).

Given the above, we can conclude that neurotropic drugs can significantly improve a person's life by increasing the performance of the brain to normal or higher.

It should be borne in mind that all these drugs are primarily used to treat certain diseases of the human brain. Therefore, you should not use them as dietary supplements year-round. Apart from useful properties, they also have a number of side effects, the most likely of which is insomnia. In addition, some drugs are addictive, therefore, should not be used more often than indicated in the instructions.

Each person chooses for himself whether to use these tools or not, but if you decide that you want to help your brain work, it is recommended that you first consult a doctor for advice. Or at least study the instructions for the drug, and then follow it 100%. If you take it seriously and don't overdo it, side effects can be avoided and your brain and body will work much better.


With the pace of medical and technological progress, the day is probably not far off when anyone can “overclock” their brain like a computer with a single pill. But until magic pills are invented, it is worth paying attention to the means available now - nootropics. This group of substances includes all neurometabolic stimulants that have a pronounced positive effect on human brain functions. The main source of nootropics is not chemical industry, and mother nature, and her arsenal is truly huge.

Today we will present to your attention a hit parade of fifteen substances that improve memory and stimulate the brain. It is unlikely that with their help you will be able to become the second Einstein, but you will surely be able to increase your efficiency, concentration and resistance to stress, and at the same time improve your health and prolong youth. The article has specific recommendations for taking nootropic substances and extracts of medicinal plants.

But before you start reading, please consider a few important points:

    Natural dietary supplements and plant extracts, for all their harmlessness, can have contraindications, cause allergic reactions and give side effects. Therefore, it is strongly not recommended to take them without consulting your doctor who knows your medical history and medical history;

    The dosage of nootropics, the duration and alternation of treatment courses should also be set individually, based on the age of the person and the characteristics of his body. That is, if your doctor said that ginseng is useful, this does not mean that you need to eat it in handfuls for a whole year in a row;

    The best is the enemy of the good, remember this, standing at the pharmacy counter with dozens of bright jars. You do not need to take several funds at the same time, hoping in this way to achieve a more pronounced effect. It is better to alternate nootropics and focus on your feelings in order to determine exactly the substance that helps stimulate brain activity and improve your memory specifically for you;

    Be sure to track your progress with special tests and exercises. This is the only way to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the chosen nootropic and replace it with another drug, if required.

main organ nervous system - the brain - a third consists of the phospholipid lecithin. Yes, the very one that we have been strongly associated with yolks since childhood chicken eggs. The peripheral nervous system, by the way, also consists of 17% lecithin. The components of this substance are present in varying amounts in the cells and tissues of the entire human body and participate in the synthesis of hormones, enzymes and mediators. That is why the lack of lecithin has fatal consequences: the work of all organs and systems is disrupted.

In the presence of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), lecithin is transformed into acetylcholine, the most important neurotransmitter, on which the speed of nervous reactions, the ability to concentrate, memorize and analyze information depend. In addition, lecithin provides a more complete absorption of all fat-soluble vitamins (A, E, K). It is the achievement of a healthy vitamin status that underlies neurodietology - the science of proper nutrition for the brain and nervous system as a whole. The intellectual abilities of a person, which are laid down in infancy, directly depend on how well the body is provided with vitamins.

During the first year of life, the baby receives huge doses of lecithin from breast milk. It is noteworthy that there is 100 times more lecithin in milk than in the entire circulatory system of a nursing mother. If it is impossible to breastfeed, it is necessary to select a milk formula for the child with the most optimal content of phospholipids. From whether he gets children's body a sufficient amount of lecithin in the first years of life will depend on the speed of his speech and motor development, stress resistance, ability to social adaptation and performance in preschool and school.

An adult person, not only engaged in mental work or high-precision production, but also regularly exposed to stress and forced to concentrate for a long time (drivers, sellers), really needs lecithin. By enriching your diet with this phospholipid, you will feel less tired and will be able to prolong your youth and ability to work. Lecithin is found in large quantities in eggs, chicken and beef liver, fatty fish, seeds and nuts, as well as in all legumes, especially soy. It is from soy that most dietary supplements with lecithin are produced.

A child is recommended to receive 1-4 grams of lecithin per day, and an adult - 5-6 grams. To achieve a pronounced effect, drugs with lecithin are taken for at least three months, only for such a period it is possible to significantly improve memory and increase mental performance. Lecithin has no contraindications, moreover, this valuable phospholipid will help you not only stimulate the brain, but also support the body as a whole.

2. Caffeine + L-theanine

A cup of strong coffee is the first thing that comes to mind when you need to focus, drive away drowsiness and force yourself to learn a lesson, solve a problem, complete a difficult task. mental work. But scientists have long proven that caffeine in itself does not affect academic performance and productivity. He will not tell you the right decision and will not give you a good idea. All that coffee can do is cause a short-term excitation of the nervous system, thanks to which your brain will stay afloat a little longer. But the energy surge will very soon turn into a decline, and fatigue and drowsiness will appear much stronger than before taking caffeine.

Another thing is the combination of caffeine with the amino acid L-theanine found in green tea. This substance is able to bypass the blood-brain barrier and protect the brain from the aggressive stimulating effects of caffeine, while maintaining and prolonging the positive stimulating effect of the latter. L-theanine prevents caffeine from increasing arterial pressure and provoke a hypercompensation reaction, when a rise in brain activity is followed by a sharp decline.

Tests have shown that the best result can be achieved by taking 50 mg of caffeine and 100 mg of L-theanine within a few hours. This dosage is equivalent to two cups of green tea and one cup of coffee, and it will allow you to significantly increase concentration, improve the speed of logical thinking and visual information processing. There are complex dietary supplements based on caffeine and L-theanine, but only relatively healthy people who do not have diseases of the cardiovascular system can take them, as well as regularly indulge in caffeine-containing drinks.

3. Dark chocolate (flavonols)

Well, when it comes to raising the mood, chocolate immediately comes to mind. It not only has a pleasant taste, but also contains flavonols - substances that stimulate the production of the hormone of joy, endorphin. In addition, flavonols increase brain perfusion and accelerate the transmission of nerve impulses, which allows us to stay alert and alert longer. Most of the flavonols in the type of chocolate, which has more cocoa, that is, in black, or bitter, as it is also called.

Milk and white tiles with a lot of fillers and aromatic additives negate all the benefits of chocolate. If you want to achieve a healing effect from your favorite delicacy, make it a rule to eat every day 35-200 g of good dark chocolate with a cocoa content of more than 80%. Stretch the pleasure by breaking off a few pieces, then you will always be in a good mood and energetic state.

4. Piracetam + Choline

If you ask neurologists which substance best stimulates the brain and improves memory, they will first of all name Piracetam, also known as Lucetam and Nootropil. This drug is the flagship of the nootropic squadron; prescribed to patients with mental retardation, senile dementia, and even . But absolutely healthy people who simply want to improve memory and increase intellectual tone can safely recommend Piracetam.

The principle of action of this drug on the body is to stimulate the synthesis of acetylcholine and expand its functions. Piracetam allows a person to use the resources of his main neurotransmitter in full. To enhance this effect, it is recommended to combine Piracetam with choline. This will simultaneously allow you to insure yourself against, sometimes arising against the background of long-term treatment with Piracetam. Usually prescribed 300 mg of both substances three times a day, but we emphasize again that uncontrolled reception nootropics without the knowledge of a doctor is not a good idea.

5. Omega-3 fatty acids

The most fashionable trend in modern neurodietology is the intake of omega-3 fatty acids, or simply the enrichment of the diet with fatty ocean fish, legumes, nuts and seeds. Omega-3s are, in the literal sense, food for the brain: eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids provide cell renewal and the necessary speed of reactions between organelles. In practice, this means that with the usual fish oil a person can improve memory, protect against daily stresses and ensure mental clarity until old age.

Omega-3 fatty acids have a positive effect on the state of the brain and nervous system, not only for sick people, for example, with Alzheimer's disease, but also for completely healthy people. Studies have been repeatedly conducted with the participation of control groups, consisting of people of different sex and age, and the results confirmed the effectiveness of omega-3 in all areas: memory, stress resistance, concentration, speed of nervous reactions. On the day of an adult, 1-2 capsules of fish oil (1200-2400 mg of omega-3) are enough to significantly improve brain function in a few months.

6. Creatine

Creatine belongs to the group of nitrogen-containing organic acids and is synthesized in the body of all mammals, including humans. If you artificially increase the concentration of this beneficial substance, you can achieve acceleration of cellular reactions, increased muscle growth and increased fatigue threshold. Great combination of effects for athletes and bodybuilders, right? This is why creatine, as a dietary supplement, is very popular in the sports community.

But today we are interested in the nootropic status of creatine. Those who want to "pump up" the brain, this nutrient is also useful, because it has an energy-saving effect on the brain. Creatine is involved in the reactions taking place in the mitochondria and cytosol, and contributes to the accumulation and conservation of energy in cells. As a result - a good memory and a high speed of analytical thinking. It is recommended to take 5 g of creatine daily, unless otherwise prescribed by the attending physician.

Another useful amino acid - L-tyrosine - is included in the protein composition of all tissues and organs and is produced from phenylalanine. Without a sufficient amount of this amino acid, adequate synthesis of the hormones adrenaline and norepinephrine, as well as the main neurotransmitter, dopamine, is impossible. To provide yourself with L-tyrosine, you can either significantly increase the consumption of seafood, fish, meat, legumes and cereals, or purchase a ready-made dietary supplement.

L-tyrosine is very useful not only for those people whose professional activities are associated with strong mental stress and long-term concentration. This amino acid significantly increases the fatigue threshold, so for those who are engaged in physical labor, it is also extremely useful. L-tyrosine prevents development endocrine diseases, maintains health, adrenal and pituitary glands. However, if you are already suffering a similar disease and accept hormonal preparations Be sure to check with your healthcare provider about L-Tyrosine to avoid unwanted drug interactions.

8. Acetyl-L-carnitine

Acetyl-L-carnitine is an amino acid more known to those who want to lose weight and rejuvenate than those who seek to improve memory and stimulate brain activity. But its nootropic functions deserve attention, since acetyl-L-carnitine has the same effect on the brain as creatine regulates energy balance. Regularly taking this amino acid, you can achieve three positive effects at once: activate the brain, get rid of the syndrome chronic fatigue and regulate carbohydrate metabolism.

A study conducted at an American university showed that students who took acetyl-L-carnitine for two months were able to improve academic performance in the exact sciences much better than their peers who did not take this amino acid. Men will certainly be interested to know that acetyl-L-carnitine stimulates natural testosterone synthesis, which means it improves sexual function.

9. B Vitamins

For the nervous system, there are no more important vitamins than these: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9, B12. It is the B vitamins that take the most active part in the work of the nerves and the brain, so everyone who wants to maintain clarity of mind for a long time and good memory. Every third inhabitant of Russia is deficient in vitamins of group B, it is especially alarming that children do not receive the necessary substances, and it is during the growth and development of the nervous system that the intellectual potential of a person is determined. Simply by reviewing your family's daily diet, and taking multivitamins according to the season, you can solve this problem.

Thiamin - vitamin B1

The first vitamin on our list, perhaps, is such a value, because thiamine is called the “vitamin of the mind” for a reason. It contributes to the complete and rapid absorption of glucose by the brain, which is why thiamine deficiency immediately negatively affects memory and concentration. So that the brain does not starve, you need to regularly consume cereals (, oatmeal), legumes (,), vegetables (,). Thiamine is perfectly absorbed, but is very quickly destroyed by sugar, alcohol, nicotine and tea tannins.

Riboflavin - Vitamin B2

We will call this substance the "vitamin of energy", since it is riboflavin that accelerates metabolic processes and the transmission of impulses between neurons. In other words, vitamin B2 allows the body to make the most of the energy received from food. Then both mental activities and sports will bring more joy and less fatigue. You can replenish riboflavin reserves by eating eggs, offal (liver, kidneys), milk, yeast, and. This vitamin is preserved during heat treatment, but does not like direct sunlight.

Nicotinic acid - vitamin B3

Pantothenic Acid - Vitamin B5

pantothenic acid the title of "vitamin of beauty" is suitable, because it is directly involved in fat metabolism and skin regeneration. This vitamin is also needed for the rapid transmission of nerve impulses, so those who wish to improve memory and increase brain activity can be recommended to regularly eat nuts, sprouted grains, yeast, mushrooms, legumes, meat and offal, as well as drink.

Pyridoxine - Vitamin B6

We will give this vitamin the title “antidepressant”, since it is necessary for the normal synthesis of the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and serotonin. Pyridoxine is also involved in the work of the endocrine, cardiovascular, immune and digestive systems- It is involved in the production of gastric juice. Proper absorption of another important vitamin, B12, occurs only in the presence of sufficient vitamin B6, so it is recommended to include legumes, cereals, yeast, vegetables, fish and fruits, especially bananas, and cherries in your diet.

Folic acid - vitamin B9

This acid rightfully gets the title of "vitamin of the future", because without a sufficient amount of folic acid future mom will not be able to bear a baby with a healthy nervous and circulatory system. Adults also really need vitamin B9, because it regulates blood composition, participates in protein metabolism, prevents early aging and graying of hair, increases the threshold of nervous fatigue and contributes to the active work of the brain. Most folic acid in dark green vegetables: asparagus, spinach. There is a lot of it in beans, eggs, liver, and wheat.

Cyanocobalamin - Vitamin B12

And this is a “mystery vitamin”, because both humans and animals are in dire need of it, but they themselves do not produce it! Where does cyanocobalamin come from? It is synthesized by some bacteria, microorganisms and green algae, and from there vitamin B12 enters our body when we eat meat, fish, seafood, etc. Cyanocobalamin acts as a regulator of the nervous system, it provides an adequate transition from the state of sleep to the state of wakefulness, and vice versa. In addition, this vitamin is involved in the distribution of information between short-term and long-term memory.